精品解析：天津市和平区天津市耀华中学2024-2025学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

天津市耀华中学2024-2025学年度第二学期期末学情调研 高一年级英语学科 本试卷分共100分，考试时间为100分钟。第1卷为1至9页，第Ⅱ卷为9-11页。 答卷前，请务必将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上相应位置。答卷时，务必将答案涂写在答题纸上，答在试卷上的无效。 祝各位同学考试顺利！ 第 Ⅰ 卷 (共60分) 第一部分：听力理解 (共15.小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 第一节：(共5小题，每小题0.5分，满分2.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题。从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the office open? A. At 8:15 am. B. At 8:30 am. C. At 8:45 am. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Salesgirl and customer. C. Receptionist and. customer. 3. What is the speech about? A. Physics. B Biology. C. Maths. 4. How much will the man pay if he buys four pairs of the shoes? A.$50. B.$60. C.$100. 5. What's the man's plan for the weekend? A. To go swimming. B. To go to an art school. C. To attend a piano class. 第二节：(共10小题，每小题：0.5分，满分5分。) 听下面3段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What are the two speakers doing? A. Taking a walk. B. Talking about a young man. C Planning to buy some flowers. 7. How long had the rain lasted? A. For a whole day. B. For half a week. C. For seven days 8. What will the woman do next? A. Walk on alone. B Buy some ice cream. C. Wait for the man. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 Where was the woman born? A. In Germany. B. In Argentina. C. In the United States. 10. What is the man's major? A. Physics. B: Psychology. C. Computer science. 11. What is the man's feeling at the end of the conversation? A. Tired. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第12至15.题。 12. How long did Thomas. Edison go, to school? A. For only one month. B. For three months. C. For three years. 13. When did Thomas Edison go to New York? A. When he was 12 years old. B. When' he was 22 years old. C. When he was 29 years old. 14 How much did the gold company pay Thomas Edison for his invention? A.54,000. B.$.14,000. C.$40,000. 15. Why was Thomas Edison probably the world's greatest inventor A. Because he had invented the light bulb. B. Because he patented 1,093 inventions. C. Because he made houses have electric lights for the first time. 第二部分：英语知识运用 第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Ants live and work together. The individual ant has its responsibilities, ________ is necessary for the community to function. A. each of them B. each of which C. all of which D. all of them 2. We don’t allow ________ in the office. But you are allowed ________ in the rest room. A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke C. smoking; to smoke D. smoke; smoking 3. ________ time going by, he knows more and more about the new country and starts to enjoy his living there. A. As B. When C. With D. Because 4. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $ 30, half of ________ it used to charge. A. that B. which C. how D. what 5. — What do you think of the concert? — ________. I should have stayed at home. A. It couldn’t be better B. It couldn’t be worse C. I like it a lot D. I’d like to 6. Lily does very well in her studies, especially in maths and English. No one in our class can ______ her. A. compare with B. be compared to C compare to D. be compared with 7. This is exactly the first complaint from our customers, we can understand you have met much inconvenience in satisfying your users. A. from which B. to which C. by which D. with which 8. One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A. have watched B. had watched C. watch D. watched 9. I glanced sideways and noticed that the previous author was standing silently, with his eyes       on me. A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixing D. to be fixed 10. He’s been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background. A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying 11. — So, are you looking forward to the big party tonight? I can’t wait! — Oh, I’m not going. I think I’ll stay at home and read. — Come on, don’t be such ________! It’s the party of the year. A. an eager beaver B. a new leaf C. a wet blanket D. a cool guy 12. Many Chinese brands, __________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 13. My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 14. With life ________ ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. A. being made up B. making up of C. being consisted of D. consisting of 15. Susan made ________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. he 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ____16____ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ____17____ than the common people. He responded that it all came from an ____18____ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to ____19____ a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, ____20____ its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of ____21____ him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful ____22____ you have made! I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk. Well, the ____23____ has already been done. Would you like to: get down and ____24____ in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?” Indeed, he ____25____. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a trouble like this, ____26____ you’ll have to clean it up and restore (复原) everything to its proper ____27____. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ____28____?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk. His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ____29____ the bottle with water and see if you can ____30____ a way to carry it without ____31____ it.” The little boy learned that if he ____32____ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it well. What a wonderful ____33____! It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ____34____. Instead, he learned that they were just ____35____ for learning something new. 16. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed 17. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable 18. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience 19. A. remove B. bring C. settle D. put 20. A. covering B. leaving C. drinking D. flowing 21. A. encouraging B. asking C. punishing D. persuading 22. A. use B. achievement C. picture D. trouble 23. A. damage B. research C. business D. favor 24. A. play B. think C. cry D. stand 25. A. refused B. did C. listened D. feared 26. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. immediately 27. A. value B. form C. shelf D. order 28. A. find B. clean C. prefer D. accept 29. A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. float 30. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve 31. A. losing B. touching C. breaking D. dropping 32. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held 33. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action 34. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions 35. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；51-55每小题1分，56-65每小题2分；满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Do you love using your knowledge and skills to help others? The Tshemba Foundation-is attractive to medical doctors around the world to help inSouth Africa’s Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces. Doctor shortages are . causing a challenge to adequate health care there. You will experience and-learn from an inspiring and challenging working. environment, and treat conditions. and cases not usually seen in city areas. You can leave the improved quality of care by sharing-knowledge and skills with local staff who are eager for support. Tshemba offers its volunteers free, safe, and secure accommodation at its VohunteerLodge, situated in Moditlo Private Game Reserve. The Lodge serves as a welcome off-duty refuge (庇护所) where like-minded healthcare providers relax after a hard day of work. Here they exchange ideas, create healthcare solutions to daily challenges faced, and connect-with. peers from all over. the world. In your role as a volunteer physician you can offer: · direct or indirect patient care in various departments of a public hospital and/ or surrounding clinics · postgraduate support to medical staff in training · skills development and/ or formal teaching to local staff · management support Our medical director will work with you to develop a personalized volunteer schedule. It combines your skills and experience with the needs of various hospital departments and clinics in the area. Length of placement: Currently, volunteer placement lengths are not fixed. Based on your skills as well as knowledge, we can determine when and where your visit will be best suited. Requirements: · A medical license in good standing · To be at least eighteen years old We welcome interest from all potential medical volunteers. Please contact us if you have any questions. 36. What does the Tshemba Foundation aim to do now according to the text? A. To find medical volunteers for South Africa. B. To provide training for some medical doctors. C. To’ solve the problem of doctor shortages worldwide D. To create job openings in Mpumalanga and Limpopo. 37. Which of the following will Tshemba do? A. Arrange sightseeing-tours. B. Find low-costing hotels for volunteers. C Arrange lectures for volunteers to learn. D. Provide volunteers with a free-living place. 38. Why will the medical director work with volunteers there? A. To provide postgraduate support. B. To create a suitable volunteer schedule. C. To introduce local situations to volunteers. D. To encourage volunteers to share experiences. 39. What can we learn about volunteer placement lengths? A. They are the same for everyone. B. They are usually a few weeks long. C. They can be different fer different people. D. They are decided by the number of patients. 40. To volunteer through the program, what requirement should one meet? A. Being healthy and strong. B. Having a medical license. C. Having volunteer experience. D. Being at least twenty years old. B An advance in electronic publishing could make the book you are reading-seem as out-of-date as a silent film Publishers hope to exploit (利用) the growing success of ebooks by releasing versions with added soundtracks and musical accompaniment. The noise in the first multimedia books — released in Britain — include rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. Works by Oscar Wilde and Rudyard Kipling are also available. When the plot of a book reaches a climax (高潮), background music will create tension. In America, works by Shakespeare and Jane Austen have already been released with music and background noise so that, for example, readers can hear tea cups clinking in Mr Darcy’s-garden as they read Pride and Prejudice. Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for, ebooks and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noises will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading., Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency PFD*, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said: “Concentration now is such that people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.” Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of synch (同步), a click on any word will re-set it. Some authors fear a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of One Day, the bestseller now released as a film, said: “This sounds like the opposite of reading. It would be a distraction. I have enough trouble reading an ebook. Because I’m constantly disturbed by emails and so I’ve given up on it for the time being.” Stuart MacBride, the crime writer whose novel Shatter the Bones was an ebook bestseller, sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said: “If I’m reading, I will do the noises in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what crunching gravel (嘎吱响的石子) sounds like. That would annoy me.” *PFD: Peters Fraser + Dunlop is one of the longest-established literary and talent agencles in London representing writers, broadcasters, speakers and journalists, etc. 41. The ebook soundtrack is intended to ________. A. make readers focus on the story B. help readers with unknown vocabulary C. strengthen readers’ impression of characters D. add tension when the book reaches an exciting point 42. Caroline Michel thinks that computer-literate readers ________. A. ignore the multiple sensory input B. focus on enjoying the pleasure of reading C. are used to doing several things at the same time D. consider the soundtrack’s influence on reading speed 43. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________. A. the soundtrack B. the speed of reading C. the software D. the required time 44. What is David Nicholls’ attitude towards the soundtrack? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Objective. 45. The text is most probably taken from ________. A. a science textbook B. a newspaper report C. a book review D. a personal diary C People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why. Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,whereas Easterners favor the eyes and overlook the mouth.” According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted (厌恶的), angry, or neutral (中性的). They compared how Accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.” In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified (多样化) these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation. 46. The discovery shows that Westerners ________. A. consider facial expressions universally reliable B. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions 47. What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces. 48. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________. A. examine the eyes more attentively B. study the mouth more frequently C. perform translation more successfully D. read facial expressions more correctly 49. What key weakness might critics highlight about the study’s design? A. Dependence on subjective emotion categorization. B. Use of posed photos instead of natural expressions. C. Lack of more diverse American cultural groups. D. Failure to track eye movements during observation. 50. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding 第 Ⅱ卷 (共40分) 第四部分：读写综合 第一节：单词运用 (共10小题；每小题 1 分，满分10分) 根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个单词多余。 enthusiasm upset expect elect conclude appreciate delight endurance fame interact 51. Mount Huang enjoys worldwide ________ for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists. 52. The more________ the robot are with humans, the better it can learn. 53. We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that ________ mullions of years ago. 54. This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and ________. 55. Seeing that everybody was ________ about the trip, the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day to ensure everyone had enough time to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 56. After three rounds of voting, Jack was finally ________ president of the school's students' union. 57. The result is totally beyond his ________ That is to say, he has never thought he could get the award. 58. He was very ________ of his colleagues’ help and support during his illness. 59. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without ________the boy or his parents. 60. To our joy, the picture drawn by my brother made all the judges ________ so he won first prize. 第二节：词块运用(共5小题；每小题 1 分，满分5分) 根据句子意义选择适合该句的词块，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个词块多余。 probe into at one’s own pace give way throw light on look through think on his feet 61. In the past, people ________________ newspapers to get the latest news. However, they rely on the mobile phones for news now. 62. His speech in the class ________________ the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. 63. Some people think online students are able to study ________________ and often finish faster than traditional students. 64. Instead, as linguists ________ deeper ________ the world’s languages (7,000 or so, only a small number of them analyzed), innumerable unpredictable differences appeared. 65. The wall ________________ suddenly due to the continuous rainfall, which fortunately caused no injury to the residents. 第三节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 The students of Carlton Primary School are treated to an after-school program once a week to learn how to keep healthy and get along with the community through playing sports. Louise Larcombe was studying for a Master’s in Public Health at the University of Melbourne when she started looking for a way to help out the local community. She decided to join the Heart of Carlton program run by Sports Without Borders in 2019. She is now in her third year of volunteering for the program. The program is designed to get school kids to connect with their local community through sports. It addresses a different theme each week for the children to learn about and discuss, such as a healthy diet, good sportsmanship, and teamwork. Larcombe said it can be quite a challenge for her because a classroom-of kids can be pretty wild after class, and they want to go play soccer instead of listening to her. Larcombe found it easy to get involved because sports naturally attracted her and she wanted to understand the effects of sports on a community directly. “Sport is a cool platform for improving health. People get the physical activity and it brings them together. It’s a good platform for health messaging,” she said. Larcombe believes the Heart of Carlton program is a great stepping stone for people to connect with the community. Sports Without Borders has a good support network, where teachers are involved from the get-go, and parents often lend their support. Meanwhile, it is also assisted by the R. E. Ross Trust and the Telco Together Foundation, helping primary school kids learn through sports. 66. What did Larcombe do as her mission in volunteering for the Heart of Carlton program in 2019? (no more than 12 words) ________________________________________________ 67. What bothered Larcombe in her volunteer work for the program? (no more than 12 words) ________________________________________________ 68. What is the role of sports in communities in Larcombe’s view? (no more than 15 words) ________________________________________________ 69. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “stepping stone” in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words) ________________________________________________ 70. Besides sports, what activities help connect you with your community? Please explain it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ________________________________________________ 第四节：书面表达(满分15分) 71. 假设你是华星中学的高一学生李津。你的美国笔友 Jim在邮件中得知你上周参加了校运动会，对此很感兴趣。请你给他回复一封邮件，分享你的经历与感受。 内容提示： (1)简要描述运动会情况和现场氛围； (2)介绍你参与的项目、赛况和感受； (3)阐述运动会带给你的感悟。 注意： (1) 词数不少于100； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯； (3)邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, How’s everything going? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 天津市耀华中学2024-2025学年度第二学期期末学情调研 高一年级英语学科 本试卷分共100分，考试时间为100分钟。第1卷为1至9页，第Ⅱ卷为9-11页。 答卷前，请务必将自己的姓名、考号、座位号填写在答题卡上相应位置。答卷时，务必将答案涂写在答题纸上，答在试卷上的无效。 祝各位同学考试顺利！ 第 Ⅰ 卷 (共60分) 第一部分：听力理解 (共15.小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 第一节：(共5小题，每小题0.5分，满分2.5分) 听下面五段对话。每段对话后有一道小题。从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When will the office open? A. At 8:15 am. B. At 8:30 am. C. At 8:45 am. What's the probable relationship between the two speakers? A. Waitress and customer. B. Salesgirl and customer. C. Receptionist and. customer. 3. What is the speech about? A. Physics. B Biology. C. Maths. 4. How much will the man pay if he buys four pairs of the shoes? A.$50. B.$60. C.$100. 5. What's the man's plan for the weekend? A. To go swimming. B. To go to an art school. C. To attend a piano class. 第二节：(共10小题，每小题：0.5分，满分5分。) 听下面3段对话。每段对话后有几道小题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的做答时间。每段对话读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6. What are the two speakers doing? A. Taking a walk. B. Talking about a young man. C. Planning to buy some flowers. 7. How long had the rain lasted? A. For a whole day. B. For half a week. C. For seven days 8. What will the woman do next? A. Walk on alone. B Buy some ice cream. C. Wait for the man. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 Where was the woman born? A. In Germany. B. In Argentina. C. In the United States. 10. What is the man's major? A. Physics. B: Psychology. C. Computer science. 11. What is the man's feeling at the end of the conversation? A. Tired. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised. 听第8段材料，回答第12至15.题。 12. How long did Thomas. Edison go, to school? A. For only one month. B. For three months. C. For three years. 13. When did Thomas Edison go to New York? A. When he was 12 years old. B. When' he was 22 years old. C. When he was 29 years old. 14 How much did the gold company pay Thomas Edison for his invention? A.54000. B.$.14,000. C.$40,000. 15 Why was Thomas Edison probably the world's greatest inventor A. Because he had invented the light bulb. B. Because he patented 1,093 inventions. C. Because he made houses have electric lights for the first time. 第二部分：英语知识运用 第一节 单项填空 (共15小题；每小题0.5分，满分7.5分) 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Ants live and work together. The individual ant has its responsibilities, ________ is necessary for the community to function. A. each of them B. each of which C. all of which D. all of them 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：蚂蚁们共同生活并协同工作。每只蚂蚁都有自己的职责，而这些职责对于整个群体的正常运转都是必不可少的。空前有谓语动词has，空后有谓语动词is，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为responsibilities，结合从句谓语is以及句意可知，从句指“职责中的每一个对于整个群体的正常运转都是必不可少的”，“……中的每一个”为each of...，关系词指代先行词，作of宾语，指物，用关系代词which，构成“介词+关系词”引导的非限制性定语从句，故选B项。 2. We don’t allow ________ in the office. But you are allowed ________ in the rest room. A. smoking; smoking B. to smoke; to smoke C. smoking; to smoke D. smoke; smoking 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词和动词不定式。句意：我们不允许在办公室吸烟。但是你可以在休息室吸烟。第一空为非谓语动词作宾语，根据allow doing sth.意为“允许做某事”可知，此处使用动名词形式作宾语；第二空为allow sb. to do sth.意为“允许某人做某事”的被动结构，sb. be allowed to do sth.意为“某人被允许做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式作主语补足语。故选C项。 3. ________ time going by, he knows more and more about the new country and starts to enjoy his living there. A. As B. When C. With D. Because 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：随着时间的流逝，他对这个新国家越来越了解，并开始享受在那里的生活。分析句子结构，该句中并列连词and连接两个谓语动词knows和starts，going by为非谓语动词所以此处不能使用连词引导从句，且time为名词，going by是现在分词，为非谓语动词，所以此处为“with +宾语+宾补”的复合结构，在句中作状语，所以此处使用介词with，位于句首，首字母需大写。故选C项。 4. We choose this hotel because the price for a night here is down to $ 30, half of ________ it used to charge. A. that B. which C. how D. what 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查宾语从句。句意：我们选择这家旅馆因为每晚的价格降到30美元，这是过去价格的一半。分析可知，half 是30美元的同位语，空格后是宾语从句，缺少连接词，而且charge缺少宾语，因此要用what引导宾语从句。故填D。 5. — What do you think of the concert? — ________. I should have stayed at home. A. It couldn’t be better B. It couldn’t be worse C. I like it a lot D. I’d like to 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查情景交际用语。句意：——你觉得这场音乐会怎么样？——糟糕透顶。我真该待在家里。A. It couldn’t be better再好不过了； B. It couldn’t be worse糟糕透顶；C. I like it a lot我非常喜欢它；D. I’d like to我愿意。根据下文“I should have stayed at home.”可知，音乐会糟糕透顶。故选B。 6. Lily does very well in her studies especially in maths and English. No one in our class can ______ her. A. compare with B. be compared to C. compare to D. be compared with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：莉莉学习很好，尤其是数学和英语。班里没人可以与她相比。A. compare with与……相比较；B. be compared to被比作……；C. compare to把……比作……；D. be compared with被与……相比较。根据“No one in our class”可知，此处是将Lily的成绩和班里同学进行比较，且no one和compare with为主动关系。故选A。 7. This is exactly the first complaint from our customers, we can understand you have met much inconvenience in satisfying your users. A. from which B. to which C. by which D. with which 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查介词+关系代词引导的定语从句。句意：这确实是我们收到的第一封索赔信，我们可以理解您在满足用户需求方面的许多不便。应该用介词from表示“来自，从”，which指代先行词the first complaint作from的宾语。故A选项正确。 8. One night, at about midnight, I ______ the sky for about an hour. The stars were shining like diamonds. A. have watched B. had watched C. watch D. watched 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：一天晚上，午夜时分，我看了大约一个小时的天空。星星像钻石一样闪闪发光。根据时间状语one night，可知此句描述的是在过去的时间里发生的事，和现在没有联系，也没有和过去的动作以及时间上的先后对比，所以用一般过去时，故选D。 9. I glanced sideways and noticed that the previous author was standing silently, with his eyes       on me. A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixing D. to be fixed 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意为：我向旁边瞥了一眼，发现先前的作者默默地站在那，两眼紧盯着我。此处为with的复合结构，his eyes与fix之间是动宾关系，所以此处用过去分词表示被动，故选B。 10. He’s been informed that he ________ for the scholarship because of his academic background. A. hasn’t qualified B. hadn’t qualified C. doesn’t qualify D. wasn’t qualifying 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他被告知，由于他的学术背景，他没有资格获得奖学金。 根据“has been informed”及句意可知，排除B项和D项；“没有资格”属于客观事实，所以应用一般现在时。故选C项。 11. — So, are you looking forward to the big party tonight? I can’t wait! — Oh, I’m not going. I think I’ll stay at home and read. — Come on, don’t be such ________! It’s the party of the year. A. an eager beaver B. a new leaf C. a wet blanket D. a cool guy 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：——那么，你期待今晚的大型聚会吗？我都等不及了！——哦，我不去。我想我会待在家里读书。——来吧，别这么扫兴！这可是今年最盛大的聚会。A. an eager beaver一个急切的家伙；B. a new leaf一个重新开始的人；C. a wet blanket一个扫兴的人；D. a cool guy一个酷家伙。根据上文“I think I’ll stay at home and read.”可知，是让对方不要扫兴，去参加聚会。故选C。 12. Many Chinese brands, __________their reputations over centuries, are facing new challenges from the modern market. A. having developed B. being developed C. developed D. developing 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多中国品牌，享誉数百年，现在正面临着来自现代市场的新挑战。brands是逻辑主语，和develop是主谓关系，所以用现在分词，表示伴随状况；再根据“over centuries”可知，应该使用现在分词的完成式，故选A。 13. My eldest son, ________ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的最大儿子，他的工作带他去全世界，现在在纽约。本句是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是my eldest son，根据句意和空后名词，确定引导词作定语，在定语从句中只有引导词whose修饰名词作定语，意为“……的”。故选B。 【点睛】定语从句的考查主要就是考查关系词的辨析，关系代词that, which, whom, as, who在句中作主语，宾语，表语；whose作定语；where, why, when在句中作地点，原因和时间状语。要分析定语从句的成分，看缺少什么成分，就选用相应的关系词。 14. With life ________ ups and downs, it is not always easy to maintain a good and enthusiastic attitude. A. being made up B. making up of C. being consisted of D. consisting of 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查with的复合结构。句意：生活充满起起落落，要始终保持积极热情的态度并非易事。此处为“with+宾语+宾补”结构，作状语；consist of表示“由……组成”，无被动语态，宾语life与consist of之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式consisting of作宾语补足语；“由……组成”也可表达为be made up of，作宾语补足语，用过去分词made up of。故选D项。 15. Susan made ________ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. A. that B. this C. it D. he 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查it作形式宾语。句意：苏珊向我明确表示，她希望为自己创造一种新的生活。分析句可知，句中涉及固定句型“make it clear to sb. that…”，意为“向某人明确表示……”，句中“that”引导的从句为真正的宾语，空格处应用“it”作形式宾语。故选C项。 第二节 完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分) 阅读短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 Recently I heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several important medical discoveries. He was being ____16____ by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more ____17____ than the common people. He responded that it all came from an ____18____ with his mother when he was a child. He had been trying to ____19____ a bottle of milk from the shelf when it fell, ____20____ its contents all over the kitchen floor. When his mother came into the kitchen, instead of ____21____ him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful ____22____ you have made! I have seldom seen such a real sea of milk. Well, the ____23____ has already been done. Would you like to: get down and ____24____ in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?” Indeed, he ____25____. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a trouble like this, ____26____ you’ll have to clean it up and restore (复原) everything to its proper ____27____. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge (海绵) or a mop. Which do you ____28____?” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the milk. His mother then said, “Let’s go out and ____29____ the bottle with water and see if you can ____30____ a way to carry it without ____31____ it.” The little boy learned that if he ____32____ the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands, he could carry it well. What a wonderful ____33____! It was at that moment that the scientist knew he didn’t need to be afraid to make ____34____. Instead, he learned that they were just ____35____ for learning something new. 16. A. praised B. interviewed C. celebrated D. discussed 17. A. famous B. enthusiastic C. creative D. respectable 18. A. invention B. experiment C. idea D. experience 19. A. remove B. bring C. settle D. put 20. A. covering B. leaving C. drinking D. flowing 21. A. encouraging B. asking C. punishing D. persuading 22. A. use B. achievement C. picture D. trouble 23. A. damage B. research C. business D. favor 24. A. play B. think C. cry D. stand 25. A. refused B. did C. listened D. feared 26. A. gradually B. patiently C. finally D. immediately 27. A. value B. form C. shelf D. order 28. A. find B. clean C. prefer D. accept 29. A. fill B. weigh C. mix D. float 30. A. lead B. discover C. change D. improve 31. A. losing B. touching C. breaking D. dropping 32. A. replaced B. shared C. washed D. held 33. A. performance B. method C. lesson D. action 34. A. promises B. mistakes C. guesses D. decisions 35. A. chances B. teachers C. directions D. instructions 【答案】16. B 17. C 18. D 19. A 20. B 21. C 22. D 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. C 29. A 30. B 31. D 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一位科学家小时候因打翻牛奶，母亲正确引导让他不惧犯错、勇于探索的经历。 【16题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正在接受一位报纸记者的采访，记者问他为什么能够比普通人更有创造力。A. praised表扬；B. interviewed采访；C. celebrated庆祝；D. discussed讨论。根据后文“by a newspaper reporter who asked him why he was able to be so much more”可知，此处指接受记者的采访，应用interview。故选B。 【17题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他正在接受一位报纸记者的采访，记者问他为什么能够比普通人更有创造力。A. famous出名的；B. enthusiastic热情的；C. creative有创造力的；D. respectable值得尊敬的。根据后文“than the common people.”以及后文提到科学家通过小时候的经历学到了不害怕犯错，可推知，此处指记者问科学家为什么能够比普通人更有创造力。故选C。 【18题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他回答说，这一切都源于他小时候和母亲的一次经历。A. invention发明；B. experiment实验；C. idea想法；D. experience经历。根据后文“with his mother when he was a child”可知，此处指科学家小时候和母亲的一次经历。故选D。 【19题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正试图从架子上拿下一瓶牛奶，这时瓶子掉了，牛奶洒得厨房地板到处都是。A. remove移开，拿开；B. bring带来；C. settle解决；D. put放置。根据后文“a bottle of milk from the shelf”可知，此处指试图从架子上拿下一瓶牛奶，应用remove。故选A。 【20题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他正试图从架子上拿下一瓶牛奶，这时瓶子掉了，牛奶洒得厨房地板到处都是。A. covering覆盖；B. leaving离开，使处于某种状态；C. drinking喝；D. flowing流动。根据后文“its contents all over the kitchen floor”可知，牛奶洒了之后会留在地板上。故选B。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他的母亲走进厨房时，她没有惩罚他，而是说：“罗伯特，你制造了一个多么棒的麻烦啊！”A. encouraging鼓励；B. asking询问；C. punishing惩罚；D. persuading说服。根据后文“she said”以及母亲说的话可知，母亲没有惩罚孩子，而是用另一种方式引导孩子。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. use使用；B. achievement成就；C. picture图片；D. trouble麻烦。根据后文“you’ll have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper ____ .”可知，此处指孩子制造了一个麻烦。故选D。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：嗯，损害已经造成了。A. damage损害；B. research研究；C. business生意；D. favor帮助。根据前文“its contents all over the kitchen floor”以及后文“has already been done”可知，此处指牛奶洒了一地，损害已经造成了。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们清理之前，你愿意下来在牛奶里玩几分钟吗？A. play玩耍；B. think思考；C. cry哭泣；D. stand站立。根据后文“in the milk for a few minutes”以及母亲引导孩子积极面对错误可知，此处指母亲让孩子在牛奶里玩几分钟。故选A。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他确实这么做了。A. refused拒绝；B. did做；C. listened听；D. feared害怕。根据后文“After a few minutes, his mother said”可知，孩子按照母亲说的在牛奶里玩了几分钟，即他确实这么做了。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：你知道，罗伯特，每当你制造这样的麻烦时，最终你都得把它清理干净，把一切恢复原样。A. gradually逐渐地；B. patiently耐心地；C. finally最终；D. immediately立即。根据后文“you’ll have to clean it up and restore everything to its proper ____ ”可知，此处指闯祸后最终需要清理。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：你知道，罗伯特，每当你制造这样的麻烦时，最终你都得把它清理干净，把一切恢复原样。A. value价值；B. form形式；C. shelf架子；D. order顺序，状态。根据前文“restore everything to its proper”以及后文提到母亲和孩子一起清理牛奶，可知此处指把一切恢复原样，应用order。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们可以用海绵或拖把。你更喜欢哪一个？A. find找到；B. clean清理；C. prefer更喜欢；D. accept接受。根据前文“We could use a sponge or a mop.”可知，母亲给出了两种清理工具，问孩子更喜欢哪一个。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出去把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能发现一种不把瓶子掉下来的搬运方法。A. fill装满；B. weigh称重；C. mix混合；D. float漂浮。根据后文“the bottle with water”可知，此处指把瓶子装满水。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们出去把瓶子装满水，看看你能不能发现一种不把瓶子掉下来的携带方法。A. lead带领；B. discover发现；C. change改变；D. improve改善。根据后文“a way to carry it without ____ it”可知，这里指尝试找到一种新方法来避免再次打翻瓶子。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. losing丢失；B. touching触碰；C. breaking打破；D. dropping掉落。根据前文“carry it without”以及前文孩子把牛奶瓶掉下来的经历可知，此处指为了避免重复事故，需要找到防止掉落的方法。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩了解到，如果他用双手握住瓶子顶部靠近边缘的地方，他就能很好地携带它。A. replaced取代；B. shared分享；C. washed洗；D. held握住。根据后文“the bottle at the top near the edge with both hands”可知，这里指的是正确握持瓶子的方式。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：多么精彩的一课啊！A. performance表现；B. method方法；C. lesson课程，教训；D. action行动。根据前文“The little boy learned that”以及母亲引导孩子积极面对错误，并从错误中学习的过程可知，此处指这是一堂精彩的课，孩子从中学到了很多。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在那一刻，科学家知道他不需要害怕犯错。A. promises承诺；B. mistakes错误；C. guesses猜测；D. decisions决定。根据前文“whenever you make a trouble like this”以及前文孩子把牛奶瓶掉下来的经历可知，此处指科学家知道他不需要害怕犯错。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，他了解到它们只是学习新东西的机会。A. chances机会；B. teachers老师；C. directions方向；D. instructions说明。根据后文“for learning something new”以及前文科学家从错误中学到东西的经历可知，此处指错误为学习提供了机会。故选A。 第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；51-55每小题1分，56-65每小题2分；满分25分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Do you love using your knowledge and skills to help others? The Tshemba Foundation-is attractive to medical doctors around the world to help inSouth Africa’s Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces. Doctor shortages are . causing a challenge to adequate health care there. You will experience and-learn from an inspiring and challenging working. environment, and treat conditions. and cases not usually seen in city areas. You can leave the improved quality of care by sharing-knowledge and skills with local staff who are eager for support. Tshemba offers its volunteers free, safe, and secure accommodation at its VohunteerLodge, situated in Moditlo Private Game Reserve. The Lodge serves as a welcome off-duty refuge (庇护所) where like-minded healthcare providers relax after a hard day of work. Here they exchange ideas, create healthcare solutions to daily challenges faced, and connect-with. peers from all over. the world. In your role as a volunteer physician you can offer: · direct or indirect patient care in various departments of a public hospital and/ or surrounding clinics · postgraduate support to medical staff in training · skills development and/ or formal teaching to local staff · management support Our medical director will work with you to develop a personalized volunteer schedule. It combines your skills and experience with the needs of various hospital departments and clinics in the area. Length of placement: Currently, volunteer placement lengths are not fixed. Based on your skills as well as knowledge, we can determine when and where your visit will be best suited. Requirements: · A medical license in good standing · To be at least eighteen years old We welcome interest from all potential medical volunteers. Please contact us if you have any questions. 36. What does the Tshemba Foundation aim to do now according to the text? A. To find medical volunteers for South Africa. B. To provide training for some medical doctors. C. To’ solve the problem of doctor shortages worldwide, D. To create job openings in Mpumalanga and Limpopo. 37. Which of the following will Tshemba do? A. Arrange sightseeing-tours. B. Find low-costing hotels for volunteers. C. Arrange lectures for volunteers to learn. D. Provide volunteers with a free-living place. 38. Why will the medical director work with volunteers there? A. To provide postgraduate support. B. To create a suitable volunteer schedule. C. To introduce local situations to volunteers. D. To encourage volunteers to share experiences. 39. What can we learn about volunteer placement lengths? A. They are the same for everyone. B. They are usually a few weeks long. C. They can be different fer different people. D. They are decided by the number of patients. 40. To volunteer through the program, what requirement should one meet? A. Being healthy and strong. B. Having a medical license. C. Having volunteer experience. D. Being at least twenty years old. 【答案】36. A 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要说明了Tshemba基金会吸引全球医生赴南非两省支援，缓解当地医生短缺问题，提供免费住宿，介绍志愿者工作内容、安排及要求，欢迎医生参与。 【36题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The Tshemba Foundation-is attractive to medical doctors around the world to help inSouth Africa’s Mpumalanga and Limpopo provinces. Doctor shortages are . causing a challenge to adequate health care there. (Tshemba基金会吸引了世界各地的医生前来南非的姆普马兰加和林波波省提供帮助。由于医生短缺，这给当地的医疗保健带来了挑战。)”可知，Tshemba基金会现在的目标是为南非寻找医疗志愿者。故选A。 【37题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“Tshemba offers its volunteers free, safe, and secure accommodation at its VohunteerLodge, situated in Moditlo Private Game Reserve. (Tshemba为志愿者们提供位于莫迪托私人野生动物保护区内的“维奥志愿者旅舍”所提供的免费、安全且保障完善的住宿服务。)”可知，Tshemba会为志愿者提供一个免费的居住场所。故选D。 【38题详解】 细节理解题。根据根Length of placement的上一段“Our medical director will work with you to develop a personalized volunteer schedule. It combines your skills and experience with the needs of various hospital departments and clinics in the area. (我们的医疗主管将与您共同制定一份个性化的志愿者工作安排。这份安排会将你的技能和经验与当地医院各部门及诊所的需求相结合。)”可知，医疗主任会与那里的志愿者合作是为了制定一份合适的志愿者工作安排。故选B。 【39题详解】 细节理解题。根据Length of placement部分“Currently, volunteer placement lengths are not fixed. Based on your skills as well as knowledge, we can determine when and where your visit will be best suited. (目前，志愿者的派遣期限并非固定不变。根据你的技能和知识水平，我们可以确定你的服务时间及地点安排最为合适。)”可知，对于不同的个人而言，其服务时长可能会有所不同。故选C。 【40题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“·A medical license in good standing (·有效的医疗执业执照)”可知，要通过该计划进行志愿服务，需要满足拥有医疗执照。故选B。 B An advance in electronic publishing could make the book you are reading-seem as out-of-date as a silent film. Publishers hope to exploit (利用) the growing success of ebooks by releasing versions with added soundtracks and musical accompaniment. The noise in the first multimedia books — released in Britain — include rain hitting a window in a Sherlock Holmes tale. Works by Oscar Wilde and Rudyard Kipling are also available. When the plot of a book reaches a climax (高潮), background music will create tension. In America, works by Shakespeare and Jane Austen have already been released with music and background noise so that, for example, readers can hear tea cups clinking in Mr Darcy’s-garden as they read Pride and Prejudice. Supporters argue that sound effects are the next logical development for, ebooks and will add excitement for younger readers. Critics, however, will argue that the noises will ruin the simple pleasure of having the imagination stimulated by reading., Caroline Michel, chief executive of the literary agency PFD*, said the new generation of computer-literate readers was used to multiple sensory input. She said: “Concentration now is such that people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time. If that’s what the market wants then we should respond to the market.” Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of synch (同步), a click on any word will re-set it. Some authors fear a soundtrack could destroy the peace and quiet of libraries and ruin the pleasure of reading. David Nicholls, author of One Day, the bestseller now released as a film, said: “This sounds like the opposite of reading. It would be a distraction. I have enough trouble reading an ebook. Because I’m constantly disturbed by emails and so I’ve given up on it for the time being.” Stuart MacBride, the crime writer whose novel Shatter the Bones was an ebook bestseller, sells 18% of his books as electronic downloads. He said: “If I’m reading, I will do the noises in my head. I don’t need someone to tell me what crunching gravel (嘎吱响的石子) sounds like. That would annoy me.” *PFD: Peters Fraser + Dunlop is one of the longest-established literary and talent agencles in London representing writers, broadcasters, speakers and journalists, etc. 41. The ebook soundtrack is intended to ________. A. make readers focus on the story B. help readers with unknown vocabulary C. strengthen readers’ impression of characters D. add tension when the book reaches an exciting point 42. Caroline Michel thinks that computer-literate readers ________. A. ignore the multiple sensory input B. focus on enjoying the pleasure of reading C. are used to doing several things at the same time D. consider the soundtrack’s influence on reading speed 43. The underlined word “it” in Paragraph 5 refers to ________. A. the soundtrack B. the speed of reading C. the software D. the required time 44. What is David Nicholls’ attitude towards the soundtrack? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Disapproving. D. Objective. 45. The text is most probably taken from ________. A. a science textbook B. a newspaper report C. a book review D. a personal diary 【答案】41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了电子出版商计划推出带有音效的电子书，引发了支持和反对的不同观点。 【41题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“When the plot of a book reaches a climax (高潮), background music will create tension.(当书的情节达到高潮时，背景音乐会制造紧张气氛)”可知，电子书音效是为了在情节高潮时增加紧张感。故选D。 【42题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Concentration now is such that people have split computer screens where they may be watching television and replying to an email at the same time.(现在的注意力是这样的，人们把电脑屏幕分开，可以一边看电视一边回复电子邮件)”可知，Caroline Michel认为熟悉电脑的读者习惯同时做多件事。故选C。 【43题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第五段中“Booktrack’s sound effects work by estimating the user’s reading speed. Each time you “turn” a page, the software reassesses where you have reached in the text and times the sounds to switch on accordingly. If the soundtrack becomes out of synch (同步), a click on any word will re-set it.(Booktrack的音效是通过估计用户的阅读速度来工作的。每次你“翻”一页，软件都会重新评估你在文本中读到的位置，并相应地调整声音的开启时间。如果配乐不同步，点击任何一个单词都会重新设置它)”可知，it指代前文提到的“soundtrack(配乐)”。故选A。 【44题详解】 推理判断题。根据第六段中“This sounds like the opposite of reading. It would be a distraction. It would be a distraction. I have enough trouble reading an ebook. Because I’m constantly disturbed by emails and so I’ve given up on it for the time being.(这听起来像是阅读的反面。这会分散注意力。我读电子书已经够麻烦的了。因为我经常被电子邮件打扰，所以我暂时放弃了。)”可知，David Nicholls对配乐持反对态度。故选C。 【45题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“An advance in electronic publishing could make the book you are reading-seem as out-of-date as a silent film. Publishers hope to exploit (利用) the growing success of ebooks by releasing versions with added soundtracks and musical accompaniment.(电子出版技术的进步可能会让你正在阅读的书看起来像无声电影一样过时。出版商希望通过发行带有附加配乐和音乐伴奏的版本来利用电子书日益取得的成功)”和全文内容可知，文章讨论了电子书音效的推出及其引发的争议，符合新闻报道的特点，可能来自报纸报道。故选B。 C People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why. Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes. “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure,whereas Easterners favor the eyes and overlook the mouth.” According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations. The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted (厌恶的), angry, or neutral (中性的). They compared how Accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies. It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.” In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified (多样化) these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation. 46. The discovery shows that Westerners ________. A. consider facial expressions universally reliable B. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions 47. What were the people asked to do in the study? A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive. C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces. 48. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to ________. A. examine the eyes more attentively B. study the mouth more frequently C. perform translation more successfully D. read facial expressions more correctly 49. What key weakness might critics highlight about the study’s design? A. Dependence on subjective emotion categorization. B. Use of posed photos instead of natural expressions. C. Lack of more diverse American cultural groups. D. Failure to track eye movements during observation. 50. What can be the best title for the passage? A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding 【答案】46. B 47. C 48. A 49. C 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍东西方人在识别面部表情时的文化差异及原因，并强调面部表情并非普遍情感信号，跨文化交流易产生误解。 【46题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and overlook the mouth.(西方人对眼睛和嘴巴的关注程度相同，而东方人偏爱眼睛，忽视嘴巴。)”可知，研究发现西方人对眼睛和嘴巴给予同等关注。故选B项。 【47题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral.(研究人员记录了13名西方白种人和13名东亚人的眼球运动，研究他们在识别面部表情时的文化差异。这些人观察带有表情的面部图片，并将其分类为：快乐、悲伤、惊讶、恐惧、厌恶、愤怒或中性。)”可知，研究中人们被要求对一些面部图片进行分类。故选C项。 【48题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中的“It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did.(结果表明，东方人更关注眼睛，而且比西方人犯的错误多得多。)”可知，与西方人相比，东方人可能更专注地观察眼睛。故选A项。 【49题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted (厌恶的), angry, or neutral (中性的). (研究人员记录了13名西方白种人和13名东亚人的眼球运动，研究他们在识别面部表情时的文化差异。这些人观察带有表情的面部图片，并将其分类为：快乐、悲伤、惊讶、恐惧、厌恶、愤怒或中性。)”可知，研究仅选取了西方白种人和东亚人，缺乏更多元化的美国文化群体，这可能是批评者会强调的研究设计的主要缺陷。故选C项。 【50题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中的“People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.(东亚人往往比欧洲人更难区分面部表情——《当代生物学》在线发表的一份新报告解释了原因。)”及最后一段中的“In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion.(简而言之，数据表明面部表情并不是人类情感的通用信号。)”可知，本文主要介绍了在解读情感方面存在的文化差异，因此“解读情感的文化差异”可以概括文章主题，最适合作为文章标题。故选B项。 第 Ⅱ卷 (共40分) 第四部分：读写综合 第一节：单词运用 (共10小题；每小题 1 分，满分10分) 根据句子意义选择适合该句的单词，并根据语境和构词法知识用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个单词多余。 enthusiasm upset expect elect conclude appreciate delight endurance fame interact 51. Mount Huang enjoys worldwide ________ for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists. 52. The more________ the robot are with humans, the better it can learn. 53. We are the products of evolution, and not just evolution that ________ mullions of years ago. 54. This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and ________. 55. Seeing that everybody was ________ about the trip, the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day to ensure everyone had enough time to enjoy the beautiful scenery. 56. After three rounds of voting, Jack was finally ________ president of the school's students' union. 57. The result is totally beyond his ________ That is to say, he has never thought he could get the award. 58. He was very ________ of his colleagues’ help and support during his illness. 59. Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the sound without ________the boy or his parents. 60. To our joy, the picture drawn by my brother made all the judges ________ so he won first prize. 【答案】51. fame 52. interactive 53. occurred 54. endurance 55. enthusiastic 56. elected 57. expectations 58. appreciative 59. upsetting 60. delighted 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查名词。句意：黄山以其美丽的景色而闻名于世，吸引了大量游客。根据“for its beautiful scenery and attracts a large number of tourists”以及句意“闻名”可知应填名词fame，故填fame。 【52题详解】 考查形容词。句意：机器人与人类的互动性越强，它就越能更好地学习。根据“the robot are with humans”以及句意“互动性”可知应填形容词interactive，作表语。故填interactive。 【53题详解】 考查动词。句意：我们是进化的产物，而且并非仅仅是数百万年前发生的那种进化。根据“not just evolution that”以及句意“发生”可知应填动词occur，根据后文mullions of years ago可知为一般过去时。故填occurred。 【54题详解】 考查名词。句意：这项锻炼对您的健康有益，还能增强力量和耐力。根据“This exercise is beneficial to your health and will improve strength and”以及句意“耐力”可知应填名词endurance，作宾语，不可数。故填endurance。 【55题详解】 考查形容词。句意：看到大家都对这次旅行充满热情，导游决定将行程延长一天，以确保每个人都有足够的时间来欣赏美丽的风景。根据“the tour guide decided to extend the trip by an extra day”以及句意“充满热情”可知形容词enthusiastic，作表语，故填enthusiastic。 【56题详解】 考查动词。句意：经过三轮投票，杰克最终当选为学校学生会的主席。根据“president of the school's students' union”以及句意“当选”可知应填elect，与主语构成被动关系，根据上文was可知为一般过去时的被动语态。故填elected。 【57题详解】 考查名词。句意：结果完全超出了他的预期。也就是说，他从未想过自己能获得这个奖项。根据“he has never thought he could get the award”以及句意“预期”可知应填复数名词expectations，作宾语，表示数量大于一，故填expectations。 【58题详解】 考查形容词。句意：在患病期间，他非常感激同事们给予的帮助和支持。根据“of his colleagues' help and support during his illness”以及句意“感激”可知应填形容词appreciative，作表语。故填appreciative。 【59题详解】 考查动词。句意：多亏了“静音机器”（这是一款英国发明的产品），你就能消除噪音，同时又不会打扰到那个男孩以及他的父母。根据“the boy or his parents”以及句意“打扰”可知应填动词upset，作介词的宾语，用动名词形式。故填upsetting。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：令我们高兴的是，我哥哥画的那幅画让所有评委都大为赞赏，因此他获得了第一名。根据“To our joy”以及句意“高兴，赞赏”可知应填形容词delighted，作宾补。故填delighted。 第二节：词块运用(共5小题；每小题 1 分，满分5分) 根据句子意义选择适合该句的词块，并用其正确形式填空，使句子意义通顺完整。其中有一个词块多余。 probe into at one’s own pace give way throw light on look through think on his feet 61. In the past, people ________________ newspapers to get the latest news. However, they rely on the mobile phones for news now. 62. His speech in the class ________________ the differences between Chinese and Western cultures. 63. Some people think online students are able to study ________________ and often finish faster than traditional students. 64. Instead, as linguists ________ deeper ________ the world’s languages (7,000 or so, only a small number of them analyzed), innumerable unpredictable differences appeared. 65. The wall ________________ suddenly due to the continuous rainfall which fortunately caused no injury to the residents. 【答案】61. looked through 62. threw light on 63. at their own pace 64. ①. probed ②. into 65. gave way 【解析】 【61题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：在过去，人们通过翻阅报纸来获取最新消息。然而，他们现在依靠手机获取新闻。根据“to get the latest news”以及“newspapers”可知，此处指“翻阅报纸”，应用动词短语look through，意为“浏览；翻阅”；根据“In the past”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填looked through。 【62题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：他在课堂上的演讲阐明了中西文化的差异。根据“the differences between Chinese and Western cultures”可知，此处指“阐明中西文化的差异”，应用动词短语throw light on，意为“阐明；揭示”；句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填threw light on。 【63题详解】 考查介词短语。句意：有些人认为，在线学生能够按照自己的节奏学习，而且往往比传统学生完成得更快。根据“and often finish faster than traditional students”可知，此处指“按照自己的节奏学习”，应用介词短语at one’s own pace，意为“按照自己的节奏”；主语为online students，其形容词性物主代词为their。故填at their own pace。 【64题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：相反，当语言学家深入探究世界语言（大约7000种，其中只有少数被分析过）时，出现了无数不可预测的差异。根据“innumerable unpredictable differences appeared”可知，此处指“深入探究世界语言”，应用动词短语probe into，意为“探究；探索”；根据“appeared”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填①probed；②into。 【65题详解】 考查动词短语及时态。句意：由于持续降雨，墙壁突然倒塌，幸运的是没有对居民造成伤害。根据“due to the continuous rainfall”以及“which fortunately caused no injury to the residents”可知，此处指“墙壁突然倒塌”，应用动词短语give way，意为“倒塌；坍塌”；结合“caused”可知，句子描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填gave way。 第三节：阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分) 阅读短文，按照题目要求用英语回答问题。 The students of Carlton Primary School are treated to an after-school program once a week to learn how to keep healthy and get along with the community through playing sports. Louise Larcombe was studying for a Master’s in Public Health at the University of Melbourne when she started looking for a way to help out the local community. She decided to join the Heart of Carlton program run by Sports Without Borders in 2019. She is now in her third year of volunteering for the program. The program is designed to get school kids to connect with their local community through sports. It addresses a different theme each week for the children to learn about and discuss, such as a healthy diet, good sportsmanship, and teamwork. Larcombe said it can be quite a challenge for her because a classroom-of kids can be pretty wild after class, and they want to go play soccer instead of listening to her. Larcombe found it easy to get involved because sports naturally attracted her and she wanted to understand the effects of sports on a community directly. “Sport is a cool platform for improving health. People get the physical activity and it brings them together. It’s a good platform for health messaging,” she said. Larcombe believes the Heart of Carlton program is a great stepping stone for people to connect with the community. Sports Without Borders has a good support network, where teachers are involved from the get-go, and parents often lend their support. Meanwhile, it is also assisted by the R. E. Ross Trust and the Telco Together Foundation, helping primary school kids learn through sports. 66. What did Larcombe do as her mission in volunteering for the Heart of Carlton program in 2019? (no more than 12 words) ________________________________________________ 67. What bothered Larcombe in her volunteer work for the program? (no more than 12 words) ________________________________________________ 68. What is the role of sports in communities in Larcombe’s view? (no more than 15 words) ________________________________________________ 69. What is the meaning of the underlined phrase “stepping stone” in the last paragraph? (no more than 5 words) ________________________________________________ 70. Besides sports, what activities help connect you with your community? Please explain it in your own words. (no more than 20 words) ________________________________________________ 【答案】66. She connected pupils with their community using sports./She helped school kids connect with the community through sports. 67. That the kids were wild and didn’t want to listen to her/ preferred playing soccer to listening./ Managing energetic kids preferring soccer over discussions. 68. Improving people’s health, connecting people and getting them to share health information./ Sports unite people, promote health, and spread health messages./ Sports improve health and bring people together in communities. 69. Bridge/ Means/ Gateway/Foundation/ Starting point/Initial (First) step/Springboard. 70. Holding book sales where you can buy books at a favorable price and make friends with community members./Volunteering for community service helps me connect with my community by helping others and building relationships. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了Larcombe通过体育项目助力小学生融入社区的相关事迹。 【66题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“The program is designed to get school kids to connect with their local community through sports.(该项目旨在让学生通过体育运动与当地社区建立联系)”以及“She decided to join the Heart of Carlton program run by Sports Without Borders in 2019. She is now in her third year of volunteering for the program.(2019年，她决定加入由体育无国界组织运营的“Heart of Carlton”项目。她现在已经是这个项目的第三年志愿者了)”可知，Larcombe在2019年作为志愿者参与“Heart of Carlton”项目的使命是通过体育帮助小学生与社区建立联系。故答案为She connected pupils with their community using sports./ She helped school kids connect with the community through sports. 【67题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“Larcombe said it can be quite a challenge for her because a classroom-of kids can be pretty wild after class, and they want to go play soccer instead of listening to her.(Larcombe说，这对她来说是一个相当大的挑战，因为一个教室的孩子在课后可能会非常狂野，他们想去踢足球，而不是听她讲课)”可知，在参与项目时，让Larcombe感到困扰的是孩子们很狂野，不想听她讲课，而是想去踢足球。故答案为That the kids were wild and didn’t want to listen to her/preferred playing soccer to listening./Managing energetic kids preferring soccer over discussions. 【68题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段中“Sport is a cool platform for improving health. People get the physical activity and it brings them together. It’s a good platform for health messaging(运动是一个改善健康的很好的平台。人们进行体育活动，它把他们聚集在一起。这是一个很好的健康信息传播平台)”可知，在Larcombe看来，体育运动在社区中可以改善人们的健康，将人们联系在一起，并让人们分享健康信息。故答案为Improving people’s health, connecting people and getting them to share health information./Sports unite people, promote health, and spread health messages./Sports improve health and bring people together in communities. 【69题详解】 考查词句猜测。根据上文“Larcombe believes the Heart of Carlton program is a great(Larcombe认为Heart of Carlton项目是一个很好的)”以及后文“for people to connect with the community(人们与社区建立联系)”可知，Larcombe认为Heart of Carlton项目是一个很好的人们与社区建立联系的途径，即“垫脚石”，故stepping stone意思与“纽带，方法，途径，基础，起点，跳板”相近。故答案为Bridge/ Means/ Gateway/ Foundation/Starting point/ Initial (First) step/ Springboard. 【70题详解】 考查开放性题目。题目要求回答除了运动之外，还有什么活动可以帮助你与社区建立联系，并解释原因。开放性题目，言之有理即可，答案不唯一，例如：举办图书特卖会，你可以以优惠的价格买到书，并与社区成员交朋友/参加社区服务活动，帮助他人和建立关系可以帮助我与社区建立联系。故答案为Holding book sales where you can buy books at a favorable price and make friends with community members./Volunteering for community service helps me connect with my community by helping others and building relationships. 第四节：书面表达(满分15分) 71. 假设你是华星中学的高一学生李津。你的美国笔友 Jim在邮件中得知你上周参加了校运动会，对此很感兴趣。请你给他回复一封邮件，分享你的经历与感受。 内容提示： (1)简要描述运动会情况和现场氛围； (2)介绍你参与的项目、赛况和感受； (3)阐述运动会带给你的感悟。 注意： (1) 词数不少于100； (2)可以适当增加细节，以使内容充实，行文连贯； (3)邮件开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, How’s everything going? _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Jin 【答案】Dear Jim, How’s everything going? I’m so excited to tell you about our school sports meet last week! The whole playground was full of cheers and laughter. Colorful flags waved everywhere, students shouted encouragement for their classmates, and the loud music made everyone’s heart beat faster. I competed in the 100-meter race and the 4x100m relay. When I ran the 100-meter, my legs felt like heavy rocks at first, but I pushed myself to rush to the finish line. I didn’t win, yet I felt proud just for trying my best! In the relay race, my teammate passed me the stick smoothly. We ran like a team of wild horses, passing others with all our strength. Though we didn’t win either, our teamwork made us smile. This experience taught me that sports are not just about winning. Real victory lies in courage to challenge myself and the joy of working together with friends. Life is like a race — what matters most is not how fast you run, but how bravely you keep running against your own limits. Can’t wait to hear from you! Yours Li Jin 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给美国笔友 Jim回复一封邮件，分享你参加校运动会的经历与感受。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动：excited→thrilled 充满：be full of→be filled with 重要：matter→count 超过：pass→surpass 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：I didn’t win, yet I felt proud just for trying my best! 拓展句：Although I didn’t win, I felt proud just for trying my best! 【点睛】【高分句型1】When I ran the 100-meter, my legs felt like heavy rocks at first, but I pushed myself to rush to the finish line. (运用了when引导时间状语从句) 【高分句型2】Life is like a race — what matters most is not how fast you run, but how bravely you keep running against your own limits. (运用了what引导主语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $