周周有招登顶班第十七讲九年级上册Unit6HappyHoliday(A)讲义2026-2027学年八升九人教版英语暑假衔接（教师版+学生版）

第十七讲 九上Unit 6 Happy Holiday Section A: Why do we explore space? 学生版讲义 姓名：_______________   班级：_______________   日期：_______________ 一、单词加油站 1.1 核心词汇速览 1. beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep.超出；在…另一边 2. mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务；使命 3. telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 4. rover /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器；漫游者 5. manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的 6. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维修；保持 7. launch /lɔːntʃ/ v./n. 发射；发起 8. weightless /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的 9. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动；活动 10. asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着 (的) 11. solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj.太阳的；太阳能的 12. tie /taɪ/ v. 系上；束紧 13. geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 地质；地质学 14. satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 人造卫星；卫星 15. crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的 16. human being /ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋ/ 人；人类 17. require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 需要；要求 18. rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ n. 火箭 19. cancel /ˈkænsl/ v. 取消；终止 20. publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 刊登；出版 21. exoplanet /ˈeksəʊplænɪt/ n. 系外行星 学习提示：对照左侧音标大声朗读每个单词，并将释义写在右侧空白处。完成后再遮住释义进行自测。 1.2 词形转换·深度梳理 请根据词根，写出对应的派生词并总结词性转换规律： 序号 词根 派生词 词性转换规律 1 improve v. 改善 improvement n. → ________ adj. → ________ adj. -ment 名词后缀；-ed/-ing 形容词化 2 explore v. 探索 ________ n. → ________ n. → ________ adj. -ation 名词；-er 人；-atory 形容词 3 maintain v. 维持 ________ n. → ________ adj. -ance 名词；-able 可……的 4 benefit v./n. 受益；益处 ________ adj. → ________ adv. -cial 形容词；-cially 副词 5 weigh v. 称重 ________ n. → ________ adj. → ________ adj. -t 名词化；-y 形容词；-less 否定形容词 6 launch v. 发射 ________ n. 发射器 -er 器物名词 7 mission n. 任务 ________ n./adj. 传教士（的） -ary 人或相关 笔记区：请记录本课词形转换的重点规律。 1.3 重点短语分类速记 请将下列短语翻译成中文，并熟记。 太空探索类 1. space mission ____________________ 1. space exploration ____________________ 1. manned spaceship ____________________ 1. weightless environment ____________________ 1. in outer space ____________________ 1. on Earth ____________________ 动作/行为类 1. carry out a mission ____________________ 1. fall asleep ____________________ 1. do some experiments ____________________ 1. choose from ____________________ 1. give sb an example ____________________ 1. hear about ____________________ 逻辑/关系类 1. benefit from ____________________ 1. deal with / do with ____________________ 1. run out of ____________________ 1. in that case ____________________ 1. look like ____________________ 1. be made into ____________________ 时间/范围类 1. in the future ____________________ 1. in future ____________________ 1. all human beings ____________________ 环保/社会类 1. climate change ____________________ 1. deal with problems ____________________ 1. run out of resources ____________________ 二、考点精讲与深度拆解 2.1 beyond 的完整用法体系 词性：prep. 超出；在……之外   adv. 在远处 核心义项：请根据例句，在右侧写出每个义项的中文释义。 义项 搭配 例句 你的理解 ① beyond one's ability The problem is beyond me. ________ ② beyond description The beauty is beyond words. ________ ③ beyond doubt The fact is beyond doubt. ________ ④ beyond the sea/river The village is beyond the river. ________ ⑤ look beyond Look beyond the mountain. ________ 反义词：within prep. 在……之内 辨析对比：beyond vs. over vs. above 词 核心含义 搭配习惯 beyond 超出（能力/范围/理解） beyond one's reach / control / imagination over 超过（数量/年龄） over 100 people, over 18 years old above 高于（位置/级别/标准） above average, above sea level 题型1·语境单选题 The technical difficulty of space exploration is ______ our present ability, so we need more professional researchers. A. within   B. beyond   C. over   D. against 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 题型2·完成句子题 The view from the top of the mountain is _______________（美得无法形容）. 你的答案：_______________ 题型3·语法填空题 The beauty of the universe is beyond __________ (describe). 你的答案：_______________ 2.2 manned 的用法与反义对比 释义：adj. _______________ 常见搭配（请写出中文释义）： manned spaceship ____________________ manned mission ____________________ manned flight ____________________ 反义词：unmanned adj. _______________ 辨析：manned vs. unmanned vs. automatic 词 含义 例句 manned _______________ China's manned space program is world-leading. unmanned _______________ Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) are widely used. automatic _______________ The automatic system can work without human help. 例句翻译：China has successfully launched many manned spaceships. 你的翻译：___________________________________________________ 2.3 maintain 的用法与易混词辨析 释义：v. _______________ 常用搭配（请写出中文释义）： maintain peace ____________________ maintain health ____________________ maintain a car ____________________ maintain a relationship ____________________ maintain stability ____________________ 同根词：maintenance n. _______________ 深度辨析：maintain vs. support vs. preserve vs. reserve 动词 核心含义 搭配对象 maintain _______________ peace / health / balance / car support _______________ family / idea / system preserve _______________ tradition / environment / food reserve _______________ seat / table / right 记忆口诀：_______________________________________________ 题型1·语境单选题 The government is taking measures to ______ social stability and economic development. A. support   B. maintain   C. preserve   D. reserve 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 题型2·词形转换题 Regular exercise is important for the ________ (maintain) of good health. 你的答案：_______________ 题型3·完成句子题 我们应该保持学习与娱乐间的平衡。 We should _______________ between our study and entertainment. 你的答案：_______________ 2.4 launch 的双重词性与用法 释义：v. _______________   n. _______________ 动词用法（写出中文释义）： launch a rocket / satellite / spaceship ____________________ launch a project / program / campaign ____________________ launch a product / phone ____________________ launch into ____________________ 名词用法： space launch ____________________ product launch ____________________ the launch of a new satellite ____________________ 题型1·词性判断题 在括号横线处填入词性（n. / v.）： Scientists will launch () a new spacecraft, and the launch () will take place next Monday. 题型2·完成句子题 这家公司下个月将推出一款新手机。 The company will _______________ next month. 你的答案：_______________ 2.5 weightless 的词族与语境 释义：adj. _______________ 词族梳理：请根据提示写出各词性对应单词 词性 单词 含义 v. ________ 称重 n. ________ 重量 adj. ________ 失重的 n. ________ 失重状态 adj. ________ 沉重的；重要的 搭配（写出中文释义）： weightless environment ____________________ feel weightless ____________________ in weightless conditions ____________________ 例句翻译：Astronauts work in weightless conditions. 你的翻译：___________________________________________________ 2.6 fall asleep 深度辨析与考点全覆盖 释义：_______________ 三大高频考点 考点一：fall asleep vs. be asleep vs. asleep 的时态与搭配 短语/词 含义 动词类型 时间状语搭配 fall asleep _______________ 非延续性 不能接 for.../since... be asleep _______________ 延续性 可接 for.../since... asleep _______________ — — 考点二：asleep 只能作________语，不能作________语。 正确：The baby is asleep.   正确：a ________ baby（用________作定语） 错误：an asleep baby ✗ 考点三：fall asleep 强调""的瞬间动作；go to sleep 强调""的意图。 题型1·选词填空题 选词填空（fall asleep, be asleep, asleep），注意时态： 1. My mother ____________. Don't wake her up. 1. The baby ____________ for two hours. 1. Last night, he ____________ fast after a busy day. 题型2·改错题 找出下列句子中的错误并改正： It's not easy to fall asleep in a weightless environment, so many astronauts find it hard to be asleep. 错误：_______________________________________________ 改正：_______________________________________________ 题型3·语法填空（时态综合） He ____________ (fall) asleep while he ____________ (watch) TV last night. 你的答案：____________; ____________ 2.7 benefit 的用法与词形变换 释义：v. _______________   n. _______________ 用法结构：请根据例句写出各结构的含义 结构 含义 例句 benefit from sth. _______________ We benefit from reading. A benefits B _______________ Space technology benefits all humans. be beneficial to _______________ Reading is beneficial to teenagers. for the benefit of _______________ For the benefit of everyone. 同根词家族： benefit n./v. → ________ adj. → ________ adv. 题型1·词形转换题 We all know that reading is ____________ (benefit) to teenagers. 你的答案：_______________ 题型2·完成句子题 技术发展让全人类受益。 Technology development _____________ all human beings. 你的答案：_______________ 题型3·同义转换题 Regular exercise is good for your health. (改为同义句) Regular exercise ________________ your health. 你的答案：_______________ 2.8 deal with 与 do with 的对比辨析 释义：_______________ 核心对比 短语 搭配疑问词 侧重 deal with ________ 处理的方式、方法 do with ________ 对某物的利用或处置 记忆口诀：_______________________________________________ 例句翻译： How do you deal with these old photos? _________________________________ What do you do with these old photos? _________________________________ 题型·选择题 — I don't know ______ to deal with this problem. — You can ask your teacher for help. A. how   B. what   C. which   D. who 你的答案：_______ 2.9 run out of 的用法与易混辨析 释义：_______________ 辨析：run out of vs. run out 短语 主语 是否接宾语 run out of _______________ ________ run out _______________ ________ 例句翻译： If we waste natural resources, we will run out of them one day. 你的翻译：___________________________________________________ Time is running out. 你的翻译：___________________________________________________ 2.10 in that case / in case / in case of 三合一辨析 短语 含义 语法功能 接续 in case _______________ 连词 接完整句子 in case of _______________ 介词短语 接名词 in that case _______________ 插入语 单独使用，常放句首 题型·单选题 It may rain this afternoon, so take your raincoat ______. If it really rains, ______, we will put off the outdoor activity. A. in that case; in case   B. in case; in that case   C. in case; in case   D. in that case; in that case 你的答案：_______ 2.11 be similar to 的介词陷阱 释义：_______________ 用法注意：to 在此为________词，不是不定式符号。 同反义对比： be similar to ____________________ be the same as ____________________ be different from ____________________ 题型·语法填空题 Many people think living on Mars is similar to ______ (live) on the Earth. 你的答案：_______________ 三、语法专项：一般将来时的被动语态 3.1 核心定义 一般将来时的被动语态表示：将来某一时间将要发生的________动作，即主语是动作的________，动作在未来发生。 主动 vs. 被动对比 主动语态：People will launch a new satellite next year. → 翻译：___________________________________________________ 被动语态：A new satellite will be launched next year. → 翻译：___________________________________________________ 3.2 基本结构 结构一：will + be + 过去分词 请根据示例，补全各句式结构： 句式 结构 示例 肯定式 主语 + will + ______ + 过去分词 The base will be built. 否定式 主语 + ______ + be + 过去分词 The base won't be built. 一般疑问句 ______ + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Will the base be built? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + ______ + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ When will the base be built? 结构二：be going to + be + 过去分词 句式 结构 示例 肯定式 主语 + am/is/are + ____________ + 过去分词 The rover is going to be sent. 否定式 主语 + am/is/are + ______ + going to be + 过去分词 It isn't going to be sent. 一般疑问句 ______ + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？ Is it going to be sent? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + ____________ + 过去分词？ When is it going to be sent? 3.3 被动语态转换五步法 请填写五步法的核心内容： 步骤一：找出主动句的________ → 变为被动句的________ 步骤二：判断主动句的________ → 确定be动词的时态形式 步骤三：动词 + 主动句的 步骤四：主动句的主语 → 变为________ + ________（可省略） 步骤五：检查________一致 示例演练：People will build a small Mars base. 请按五步法逐步转换： 步骤 操作 结果 1 找宾语→主语 _______________ 2 时态判断 will → 一般将来时 3 be + 过去分词 _______________ 4 原主语变by短语 _______________ 5 主谓一致 主语单数，will be built ✓ 最终 — _____________________________________ 3.4 不规则动词过去分词速查 请写出下列动词的过去分词形式： 原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词 do ________ make ________ send ________ build ________ write ________ teach ________ take ________ give ________ show ________ know ________ 3.5 即学即用 练习一：用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. A new satellite ____________ (launch) next year. 1. The space mission ____________ (not cancel). 1. ____________ the rover ____________ (send) to Mars?（一般疑问句） 1. More books about space ____________ (write) for children. 1. The old rocket ____________ (not repair).（用be going to结构） 1. A new space park ____________ (build) in our city.（用be going to结构） 1. ____________ the telescope ____________ (use) by students?（用be going to结构的一般疑问句） 1. The climate data ____________ (collect) by satellites next decade. 练习二：将下列主动句改为被动句 1. People will build a small Mars base. 36. They will launch a new rocket. 37. Teachers will teach us about space. 38. The team will send the rover to the moon. 39. Workers will repair the space station. 40. Scientists are going to study the exoplanet. 41. We will watch the launch live. 42. The government will open a space museum. 43. Astronauts are going to plant trees in the space station. 44. People will use solar energy for the rover. 核心规律总结：请在课后整理被动语态的三步法和两大结构对比。 被动语态三步法： 两大结构对比： will be done → ___________________________________________________ be going to be done → ___________________________________________________ 四、当堂小测 4.1 单词拼写 A. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. The Zhurong rover has successfully l________ on Mars in 2021. 1. China has launched many m________ spaceships into space over the past years. 1. It is expensive to m________ an old car, but we should keep it in good condition. 1. The new satellite will be l________ from the launch centre at 6 p.m. today. 1. Astronauts feel w________ in space because there is almost no gravity. B. 根据汉语提示填写本单元词汇 50. The ________（卫星）orbits the Earth about 16 times a day. 51. The school ________（要求）that every student wear the school uniform on weekdays. 52. Because of the heavy rain, they decided to ________（取消）the outdoor rocket exhibition. 53. The famous scientist will ________（出版）his new research paper about Mars next week. 54. The ________（火箭）was successfully launched into space. 4.2 语法填空（综合能力检测） 1. The Zhurong rover successfully landed on Mars in 2021, and scientists are excited about ________ (explore) more about the red planet. 1. It is expensive ________ (maintain) an old car, so many people prefer to buy new ones. 1. The school requires all visitors ________ (show) their ID cards before entering. 1. The wedding ________ (cancel) at the last minute. 1. The writer spent three years ________ (publish) his new book about space travel. 1. Astronauts feel strange when they work in ________ (weight) conditions. 1. The mission was completed ________ (success). 1. The robot club made our after-school life much more ________ (enjoy) than before. 1. The magazine will publish an article about future space travel next month. It ________ (publish) tomorrow. 1. International ________ (cooperate) is important for space research. 五、能力提升 5.1 综合填空（2024-2025 武珞路中学九上期中） 解题策略：综合填空考查词形变化、语法知识、固定搭配和上下文逻辑。建议按"通读→填空→验证"三步完成。 On August 20th, 2024, the Chinese gaming industry reached a milestone with the global release of Black Myth: Wukong, ____________ (71) new AAA action role-playing game by Game Science. Black Myth: Wukong draws on Chinese mythologies and the classic novel Journey to the West. It ____________ (72) (allow) players to act as the role of Sun Wukong and start ____________ (73) (adventure). Inspired by Stephen Chow's A Chinese Odyssey, the game creates a wonderful dreamland ____________ (74) Chinese scenery, like far-away mountains, wild roads and ancient temples. Feng Ji, Game Science founder and CEO, said that the game ____________ (75) (create) completely by a Chinese team to bring Chinese stories to the world's gaming stage, and the work ____________ (76) (wise) connects Chinese stories and classical cultural elements to the game. He believed a game's true value is not decided by its budget or visuals, ____________ (77) by the right enjoyment it offers players. According to the Xinhua News Agency, ____________ (78) (develop) a truly immersive, world-class game, the game's production team spent years ____________ (79) (travel) across China, scanning historical and cultural places of interest, and mixing them into every game scene. The game has really improved interest in Chinese culture in a ____________ (80) (please) and effective way. 题号 你的答案 考点类型 71 ________ 冠词 72 ________ 动词时态 73 ________ 名词复数 74 ________ 介词 75 ________ 被动语态 76 ________ 副词 77 ________ 连词 78 ________ 不定式 79 ________ 固定搭配 80 ________ 形容词 全文翻译（试着自己翻译，写在下方）： 5.2 阅读理解（AI主题三则新闻） 解题策略：阅读理解要抓住"主旨→细节→推断"三层递进。先读题目再读文章，带着问题找答案。 文章 News 1：The rapid development of AI OpenAI says ChatGPT now has over 200 million weekly users. That's double the number late last year and comes less than 2 years after its launch. The robot has heated the whole AI-using field, which has upended the world of tech. More and more people throw themselves into AI learning and researching. News 2：The AI effect on companies and countries In AI, chipmaker NVIDIA has been among the big winners, again, beyond its expectation. DELL says rising demand for AI servers made it raise full-year sales and profit forecasts. That was driven by a partnership with NVIDIA and made up for a weak showing on PCs. French President Macron says it's time Europe developed its own AI model. He says the continent can't afford to depend on American or Chinese robots. China, which has had its driverless cars and drones developed by the well-known Chinese firm, is rapidly developing its AI. News 3：AI's impact on climate change AI may not be great news for climate change with data centers set to produce 2.5 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions through the end of the decade, and it is said that firms including Microsoft and EA are racing to enlarge the computer warehouses, which will take a huge amount of energy, seriously influencing the world's climate according to the research by Morgan Stanley, a firm which mainly deals with financial affairs. 题目 1. In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A. SCIENCE.   B. HEALTH.   C. FOOD.   D. SPORTS. 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 66. What does the French president mean in the 2nd news? A. Europe has rapidly developed AI. B. French people are the most clever. C. France can help China make much better robots. D. China and the US are ahead of Europe in AI models. 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 67. The best heading for the third piece of news would be ______. A. Climate Change By AI   B. Two Firms Enlarge Their Products C. AI Can Protect The Earth   D. Robots Stop The Climate Change 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 68. How many firms are mentioned in these three pieces of news? A. 5   B. 6   C. 7   D. 8 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 69. What do the three pieces of news have in common? A. They all have to do with AI. B. They all tell how firms use AI. C. They all talk about the future of AI. D. They all discuss the advantage of AI. 你的答案：_______ 解析笔记： 5.3 拓展写作训练 题目：假设你是李华，你的笔友 Tom 对中国的太空探索很感兴趣。请你给他写一封80词左右的邮件，介绍中国在太空探索方面的成就（如嫦娥探月、天问一号火星探测、空间站建设等），并表达你对未来太空探索的期待。 要求：使用本单元所学词汇（beyond, mission, launch, manned, satellite 等），并运用一般将来时的被动语态至少2处。 写作框架： 开头：___________________________________________________ 主体：___________________________________________________ 结尾：___________________________________________________ 正式写作区： Dear Tom, Yours, Li Hua 写作自查清单： [ ] 是否使用了 beyond？ [ ] 是否使用了 mission？ [ ] 是否使用了 launch？ [ ] 是否使用了 manned？ [ ] 是否使用了 satellite？ [ ] 是否包含至少2处一般将来时的被动语态？ [ ] 词数是否在80词左右？ —— 本讲义为学生版，仅供学生课堂学习与课后复习使用 —— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第十七讲 Unit 6 Happy Holiday Section A: Why do we explore space? 一、单词加油站 1.1 核心词汇速览 1. beyond /bɪˈjɒnd/ prep.超出；在…另一边 2. mission /ˈmɪʃn/ n. 任务；使命 3. telescope /ˈtelɪskəʊp/ n. 望远镜 4. rover /ˈrəʊvə(r)/ n. 探测器；漫游者 5. manned /mænd/ adj. 载人的 6. maintain /meɪnˈteɪn/ v. 维修；保持 7. launch /lɔːntʃ/ v./n. 发射；发起 8. weightless /ˈweɪtləs/ adj. 失重的 9. movement /ˈmuːvmənt/ n. 运动；活动 10. asleep /əˈsliːp/ adj. 睡着 (的) 11. solar /ˈsəʊlə(r)/ adj.太阳的；太阳能的 12. tie /taɪ/ v. 系上；束紧 13. geology /dʒiˈɒlədʒi/ n. 地质；地质学 14. satellite /ˈsætəlaɪt/ n. 人造卫星；卫星 15. crazy /ˈkreɪzi/ adj. 疯狂的 16. human being /ˈhjuːmən ˈbiːɪŋ/ 人；人类 17. require /rɪˈkwaɪə(r)/ v. 需要；要求 18. rocket /ˈrɒkɪt/ n. 火箭 19. cancel /ˈkænsl/ v. 取消；终止 20. publish /ˈpʌblɪʃ/ v. 刊登；出版 21. exoplanet /ˈeksəʊplænɪt/ n. 系外行星 1.2 词形转换·深度梳理 序号 词根 派生词 词性转换规律 1 improve v. 改善 improvement n. → improved adj. → improving adj. -ment 名词后缀；-ed/-ing 形容词化 2 explore v. 探索 exploration n. → explorer n. → exploratory adj. -ation 名词；-er 人；-atory 形容词 3 maintain v. 维持 maintenance n. → maintainable adj. -ance 名词；-able 可……的 4 benefit v./n. 受益；益处 beneficial adj. → beneficially adv. -cial 形容词；-cially 副词 5 weigh v. 称重 weight n. → weighty adj. → weightless adj. -t 名词化；-y 形容词；-less 否定形容词 6 launch v. 发射 launcher n. 发射器 -er 器物名词 7 mission n. 任务 missionary n./adj. 传教士（的） -ary 人或相关 教学重点提示：词形转换的考查方向主要是"动词→名词"和"动词→形容词"。特别注意 weigh→weight→weightless 这条线索，以及 benefit 既是动词也是名词，其形容词 beneficial 是高频考点。 1.3 重点短语分类速记 太空探索类 1. space mission 太空任务 1. space exploration 太空探索 1. manned spaceship 载人飞船 1. weightless environment 失重环境 1. in outer space 在外太空 1. on Earth 在地球上 动作/行为类 7. carry out a mission 执行任务 8. fall asleep 入睡 9. do some experiments 做实验 10. choose from 从……中选择 11. give sb an example 给某人举个例子 12. hear about 听说 逻辑/关系类 13. benefit from 从……受益 14. deal with / do with 处理；对付 15. run out of 用完；耗尽 16. in that case 在那种情况下 17. look like 看起来像 18. be made into 被制成…… 时间/范围类 19. in the future 将来 20. in future 今后；以后 21. all human beings 全人类 环保/社会类 22. climate change 气候变化 23. deal with problems 处理问题 24. run out of resources 耗尽资源 二、考点精讲与深度拆解 2.1 beyond 的完整用法体系 词性 prep. 超出；在……之外   adv. 在远处 核心义项拆解 义项 搭配 例句 翻译 超出（能力/范围） beyond one's ability The problem is beyond me. 这个问题我解决不了。 超出（描述/想象） beyond description The beauty is beyond words. 美得无法用言语形容。 超出（怀疑） beyond doubt The fact is beyond doubt. 事实不容置疑。 在……另一边 beyond the sea/river The village is beyond the river. 村庄在河对岸。 在远处（副词） look beyond Look beyond the mountain. 看向山的那一边。 反义词 within prep. 在……之内 辨析对比：beyond vs. over vs. above 词 核心含义 搭配习惯 beyond 超出（能力/范围/理解） beyond one's reach/control/imagination over 超过（数量/年龄） over 100 people, over 18 years old above 高于（位置/级别/标准） above average, above sea level 题型1·语境单选题 The technical difficulty of space exploration is ______ our present ability, so we need more professional researchers. A. within    B. beyond    C. over    D. against 答案：B 解析 步骤1：分析句意——"太空探索的技术难度______我们目前的能力，因此我们需要更多专业研究人员。" 步骤2：因果关系推断——因为"需要更多专业人员"，所以"技术难度超出现有能力"。 步骤3：搭配验证——beyond one's ability 是固定搭配，意为"超出某人能力"。 步骤4：排除干扰项——within 表"在……之内"，与句意相反；over 一般不与 ability 搭配；against 表"反对"，不符合语境。 易错点：学生容易混淆 beyond 和 over，误认为"超出"就用 over。但 over 多用于数量/年龄超过，beyond 用于能力/范围/理解的超出。 结论与规律：beyond + 抽象名词（ability/description/doubt/belief）构成固定搭配，表示"超出某种界限"。 题型2·完成句子题 The view from the top of the mountain is ___________ (美得无法形容). 答案：beyond description / beyond words 解析：beyond description 为固定短语，意为"难以形容，无法用语言描述"。此处 beyond + 抽象名词结构再次印证上述规律。 易错点：学生可能误写为 "can't describe"，但题目要求使用 beyond 短语，考查固定搭配的掌握。 题型3·语法填空题 The beauty of the universe is beyond __________ (describe). 答案：description 解析：beyond 是介词，介词后接名词作宾语。describe 的名词形式为 description。"beyond + 名词"表示"超出……的范围"，是固定结构。此处不可填 describing（动名词虽然也可以作介词宾语，但 beyond description 是固定搭配）。 2.2 manned 的用法与反义对比 释义 adj. 载人的；有人驾驶的 常见搭配 manned spaceship 载人飞船 manned mission 载人任务 manned flight 载人飞行 反义词 unmanned adj. 无人驾驶的 辨析：manned vs. unmanned vs. automatic 词 含义 例句 manned 载人的；有人操控的 China's manned space program is world-leading. unmanned 无人驾驶的 Unmanned aerial vehicles (drones) are widely used. automatic 自动的（不一定无人） The automatic system can work without human help. 例句 China has successfully launched many manned spaceships. 中国已成功发射多艘载人飞船。 2.3 maintain 的用法与易混词辨析 释义 v. 保持；维持；维修；保养 常用搭配 maintain peace 维护和平 maintain health 保持健康 maintain a car 保养汽车 maintain a relationship 维持关系 maintain stability 维护稳定 同根词 maintenance n. 维护；保养 深度辨析：maintain vs. support vs. preserve vs. reserve 动词 核心含义 搭配对象 典型例句 maintain 维持（状态/水平） peace/health/balance/car maintain social stability support 支持（人/观点/系统） family/idea/system support the government preserve 保存（原有状态/品质） tradition/environment/food preserve historical buildings reserve 预留（以备后用） seat/table/right reserve a ticket 记忆口诀："maintain 维持状态，support 支持观点，preserve 保存原样，reserve 预留备用" 题型1·语境单选题 The government is taking measures to ______ social stability and economic development. A. support    B. maintain    C. preserve    D. reserve 答案：B 解析 步骤1：分析宾语——social stability（社会稳定）和 economic development（经济发展）都是"需要持续保持的状态"。 步骤2：词义匹配——maintain 强调"维持某种状态或水平"，与 stability 搭配最为自然。 步骤3：排除法——support 侧重"支持某人/某主张"；preserve 侧重"保存保护（原有物）"；reserve 侧重"预留保留"。 易错点：学生常混淆 preserve 和 maintain。区别在于：preserve 强调"保护使之不受破坏"（如 preserve the environment），maintain 强调"维持使之持续运转"（如 maintain a car）。 结论与规律：maintain + 抽象名词（stability/peace/balance/health）→ 维持某种状态。 题型2·词形转换题 Regular exercise is important for the ________ (maintain) of good health. 答案：maintenance 解析：定冠词 the 后接名词，maintain 的名词形式为 maintenance。注意拼写：maintain → maintenance，不是 maintainment。 易错点：学生容易直接加 -ment 写成 "maintainment"，但 maintain 的名词是特殊变化 maintenance。 题型3·完成句子题 我们应该保持学习与娱乐间的平衡。 We should _______________ between our study and entertainment. 答案：maintain a balance 解析：maintain a balance 意为"保持平衡"，是高频固定搭配。注意 balance 前的不定冠词 a 不可遗漏。 2.4 launch 的双重词性与用法 释义 v. 发射；发起；启动；上市；发行   n. 发射；发行 动词用法 launch a rocket/satellite/spaceship 发射火箭/卫星/飞船 launch a project/program/campaign 启动项目/计划/活动 launch a product/phone 推出产品/手机 launch into 开始投入（某种行动或讲话） 名词用法 space launch 太空发射 product launch 产品发布会/上市 the launch of a new satellite 新卫星的发射 同根词 launcher n. 发射器 题型1·词性判断题 在括号横线处填入词性（n. / v.）： Scientists will launch () a new spacecraft, and the launch () will take place next Monday. 答案：v. ; n. 解析 步骤1：第一个 launch——前有 will（情态动词），后接宾语 a new spacecraft，充当谓语→动词。 步骤2：第二个 launch——前有定冠词 the，在句中作主语→名词。 易错点：学生可能忽略 launch 的双重词性，以为两个 launch 词性相同。需根据语法位置判断：动词前有助动词/情态动词，后有宾语；名词前有冠词/形容词修饰。 结论与规律：同一个词出现在不同语法位置时词性不同。判断词性的三大线索：①是否受冠词修饰（名词）；②是否受助动词/情态动词修饰（动词）；③是否带宾语（动词）。 题型2·完成句子题 这家公司下个月将推出一款新手机。 The company will _____________ next month. 答案：launch a new phone 解析：launch a new phone 意为"推出新手机"，launch 在此为动词，表示"上市/发布"。 易错点：学生可能误用 produce（生产）或 sell（销售），但 launch 强调"首次推出/发布"的意味。 2.5 weightless 的词族与语境 释义 adj. 失重的；无重量的 词族梳理 词性 单词 含义 例句 v. weigh 称重 The astronaut weighs 70 kg on Earth. n. weight 重量 What is the weight of the rover? adj. weightless 失重的 Astronauts feel weightless in space. n. weightlessness 失重状态 Weightlessness is hard to adapt to. adj. weighty 沉重的；重要的 This is a weighty decision. 搭配 weightless environment 失重环境 feel weightless 感到失重 in weightless conditions 在失重条件下 例句 Astronauts work in weightless conditions. 航天员在失重的条件下工作。 2.6 fall asleep 深度辨析与考点全覆盖 释义 入睡；睡着 三大高频考点 考点一：fall asleep vs. be asleep vs. asleep 的时态与搭配 短语/词 含义 动词类型 时间状语搭配 例句 fall asleep 入睡（动作） 非延续性 不能接 for.../since... He fell asleep at 10 p.m. be asleep 睡着（状态） 延续性 可接 for.../since... He has been asleep for 2 hours. asleep 睡着的（表语adj.） — — He is asleep. Don't wake him. 考点二：asleep 只能作表语，不能作定语 正确：The baby is asleep. ✓ 正确：a sleeping baby ✓（用 sleeping 作定语） 错误：an asleep baby ✗ 考点三：fall asleep 与 go to sleep 的区别 fall asleep 强调"入睡"的瞬间动作（更口语化） go to sleep 强调"去睡觉"的意图（相当于 go to bed） 题型1·选词填空题 选词填空（fall asleep, be asleep, asleep），注意时态： 1. My mother ____________. Don't wake her up. 1. The baby ____________ for two hours. 1. Last night, he ____________ fast after a busy day. 答案：1. is asleep   2. has been asleep   3. fell asleep 解析 第1题：表示"正在睡着的状态"——Don't wake her up（别叫醒她）说明此刻正在睡着。用一般现在时 is asleep。 第2题：for two hours 表示持续一段时间，需用延续性动词短语 be asleep。从过去持续到现在用现在完成时 has been asleep。 第3题：Last night 是过去时间点，fall asleep 表示"入睡"这一瞬间动作，用一般过去时 fell asleep。 易错点：第2题学生可能误填 "has fallen asleep"——但 fall asleep 为非延续性动词，不能与 for two hours 连用。需要转换为延续性表达 be asleep。 结论与规律：瞬间动作动词（fall asleep/arrive/leave）不能与时间段连用。若需与时间段连用，需转换为对应的延续性状态动词（be asleep/be in/be away）。 题型2·改错题 找出下列句子中的错误并改正： It's not easy to fall asleep in a weightless environment, so many astronauts find it hard to be asleep. 错误：be asleep 在此语境中使用不当。 改正：将 to be asleep 改为 to fall asleep。因为句首已说"入睡不容易"，后面应是"很难入睡"这个动作本身，而不是"很难处于睡着状态"。 解析：原句前半句用 fall asleep（入睡动作），后半句用 be asleep（睡着状态），语义上前后应保持一致。 题型3·语法填空（时态综合） He ____________ (fall) asleep while he ____________ (watch) TV last night. 答案：fell; was watching 解析：while 引导的时间状语从句表示"正在看电视时"，用过去进行时 was watching；主句"入睡"是瞬间动作，用一般过去时 fell。 易错点：学生可能将两个空都填一般过去时，忽略 while 从句的进行时态要求。 2.7 benefit 的用法与词形变换 释义 v. 有益于；受益于   n. 益处；好处 用法结构 结构 含义 例句 benefit from sth. 从……中受益 We benefit from reading. A benefits B A 使 B 受益 Space technology benefits all humans. be beneficial to 对……有益（adj.） Reading is beneficial to teenagers. for the benefit of 为了……的利益 For the benefit of everyone. 同根词家族 benefit n./v. → beneficial adj. → beneficially adv. 题型1·词形转换题 We all know that reading is ____________ (benefit) to teenagers. 答案：beneficial 解析 步骤1：分析句子结构——is 后需接表语（形容词或名词短语）。 步骤2：语义判断——be ______ to 结构，"对……有益"。 步骤3：词形选择——benefit 的形容词形式为 beneficial，be beneficial to 为固定搭配。 易错点：学生可能填 "benefit"（原形，词性不符）或 "benefited"（过去分词，语法不符）。 结论与规律：be + 形容词 + to 结构中，to 为介词。benefit → beneficial 是 -t → -cial 型变化，类似的还有：influence → influential，confidence → confident。 题型2·完成句子题 技术发展让全人类受益。 Technology development _____________ all human beings. 答案：benefits 解析：主语 Technology development 为第三人称单数，benefit 在此作及物动词，意为"使……受益"，直接加宾语。注意：benefit 作动词时既可作及物（benefit sb.）也可作不及物（benefit from sth.）。 易错点：学生可能误写 "benefits from"，但 benefit from 的主语是受益者，而此处主语是"技术发展"（施益者），应直接跟宾语。 题型3·同义转换题 Regular exercise is good for your health. (改为同义句) Regular exercise ________________ your health. 答案：is beneficial to 解析：be good for = be beneficial to，两者都表示"对……有益"。注意 beneficial 的拼写，不要漏掉 -cial 中的 i。 2.8 deal with 与 do with 的对比辨析 释义 处理；解决 核心对比 短语 搭配疑问词 结构 侧重 deal with how How do you deal with sth.? 处理的方式、方法 do with what What do you do with sth.? 对某物的利用或处置 例句对比例 How do you deal with these old photos? 你如何处理这些老照片？（问方式） What do you do with these old photos? 你怎样处理这些老照片？（问处置结果） 记忆口诀："how 问方式用 deal，what 问结果用 do" 题型·选择题 — I don't know ______ to deal with this problem. — You can ask your teacher for help. A. how    B. what    C. which    D. who 答案：A 解析：deal with 搭配疑问词 how，意为"如何处理"。句意为"我不知道如何处理这个问题"。若选 what，则动词应改为 do with（what...do with）。 易错点：学生可能不假思索地选 what，因为"what to do"很常见。但此处是 deal with，必须搭配 how。 结论与规律：deal with = how；do with = what。这是一对严格对应的搭配，考试中高频出现。 2.9 run out of 的用法与易混辨析 释义 用完；耗尽 用法结构 主语（人/物）+ run out of + 宾语（资源/时间/精力） 注意：run out（无 of）的主语是"被消耗的东西" 辨析：run out of vs. run out 短语 主语 是否接宾语 例句 run out of 使用者的主体 接宾语（用完某物） We have run out of water. run out 被消耗的资源 不接宾语 Our water has run out. 例句 If we waste natural resources, we will run out of them one day. Time is running out. 时间快不够了。 易错点：run out 不用于被动语态。不能说 "Water is run out of" ✗。 2.10 in that case / in case / in case of 三合一辨析 释义 in that case 既然那样；在那种情况下 三项对比表 短语 含义 语法功能 接续 例句 in case 以防；万一 连词 接完整句子 Take an umbrella in case it rains. in case of 万一发生…… 介词短语 接名词 In case of fire, press the alarm. in that case 在那种情况下 插入语 单独使用，常放句首 It may rain. In that case, stay home. 题型·单选题 It may rain this afternoon, so take your raincoat ______. If it really rains, ______, we will put off the outdoor activity. A. in that case; in case    B. in case; in that case    C. in case; in case    D. in that case; in that case 答案：B 解析 步骤1：第一空——"take your raincoat ______ 以防下雨"，表"以防万一"→ in case。 步骤2：第二空——"If it really rains, ______"——在真正下雨的"那种情况下"→ in that case 作插入语。 步骤3：排除——若第一空选 in that case 则逻辑不通（不能因为"那种情况下"而带雨衣）。 易错点：学生可能混淆 in case 和 in case of。in case 后接句子，in case of 后接名词。 结论与规律：in case + 句子；in case of + 名词；in that case 单独作插入语。 2.11 be similar to 的介词陷阱 释义 与……相似；与……相像 用法注意：to 在此为介词，不是不定式符号。 同反义对比 be similar to 与……相似 be the same as 和……一样 be different from 与……不同 题型·语法填空题 Many people think living on Mars is similar to ______ (live) on the Earth. 答案：living 解析 步骤1：识别 to 的词性——be similar to 中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号。 步骤2：介词后接动名词——介词后的动词用 doing 形式。 步骤3：确认答案——living。 易错点：学生一看到 to 就认为是"to do"不定式，误填 "to live" 或 "live"。 结论与规律：be similar to / look forward to / pay attention to / be used to 等短语中的 to 均为介词，后接 doing。这是中考的高频易错点！ 三、语法专项：一般将来时的被动语态 3.1 核心定义 一般将来时的被动语态表示 将来某一时间将要发生的被动动作，即主语是动作的承受者，动作在未来发生。 主动 vs. 被动对比 主动语态：People will launch a new satellite next year.（人们明年将发射一颗新卫星。） 被动语态：A new satellite will be launched next year.（一颗新卫星将于明年被发射。） 3.2 基本结构 结构一：will + be + 过去分词 句式 结构 示例 肯定式 主语 + will be + 过去分词 The base will be built. 否定式 主语 + won't be + 过去分词 The base won't be built. 一般疑问句 Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Will the base be built? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ When will the base be built? 结构二：be going to + be + 过去分词 句式 结构 示例 肯定式 主语 + am/is/are going to be + 过去分词 The rover is going to be sent. 否定式 主语 + am/is/are not going to be + 过去分词 It isn't going to be sent. 一般疑问句 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？ Is it going to be sent? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？ When is it going to be sent? 3.3 被动语态转换五步法 步骤一：找出主动句的宾语→ 变为被动句的主语 步骤二：判断主动句的时态→ 确定 be 动词的时态形式 步骤三：be 动词 + 主动句的过去分词 步骤四：主动句的主语→ 变为 by + 宾格（可省略） 步骤五：检查主谓一致 示例演示：People will build a small Mars base. 步骤 操作 结果 1 找宾语→主语 a small Mars base → 主语 2 时态判断 will → 一般将来时 3 be + 过去分词 will be built 4 原主语变 by 短语 by people 5 主谓一致 主语单数，will be built ✓ 最终 — A small Mars base will be built by people. 3.4 不规则动词过去分词速查 原形 过去分词 原形 过去分词 do done make made send sent build built write written teach taught take taken give given show shown know known 3.5 即学即用（含深度解析） 练习一：用括号内动词的适当形式填空 1. A new satellite ____________ (launch) next year. 1. The space mission ____________ (not cancel). 1. ____________ the rover ____________ (send) to Mars?（一般疑问句） 1. More books about space ____________ (write) for children. 1. The old rocket ____________ (not repair).（用 be going to 结构） 1. A new space park ____________ (build) in our city.（用 be going to 结构） 1. ____________ the telescope ____________ (use) by students?（用 be going to 结构的一般疑问句） 1. The climate data ____________ (collect) by satellites next decade. 答案 1. will be launched   2. won't be cancelled   3. Will; be sent   4. will be written   5. isn't going to be repaired   6. is going to be built   7. Is; going to be used   8. will be collected 深度解析 题号 答案 步骤拆解 易错点 1 will be launched next year 表将来；satellite 与 launch 被动→ will be launched launch 过去分词直接加 -ed 2 won't be cancelled cancel 规则动词→cancelled（双写 l）；否定式 won't be 忘记双写 l 3 Will; be sent 一般疑问句将 will 提前；send→sent 不规则 sent 为不规则变化 4 will be written books 与 write 被动；write→written 双写 t written 拼写易错 5 isn't going to be repaired be going to 否定式；repair 规则加 -ed 注意 isn't 与 is not 等价 6 is going to be built park 单数用 is；build→built 不规则 built 为不规则变化 7 Is; going to be used be going to 一般疑问句将 Is 提前 不可将 going 提前 8 will be collected climate data 不可数，谓语单数；next decade 表将来 data 单复数辨析 练习二：将下列主动句改为被动句 1. People will build a small Mars base. 1. They will launch a new rocket. 1. Teachers will teach us about space. 1. The team will send the rover to the moon. 1. Workers will repair the space station. 1. Scientists are going to study the exoplanet. 1. We will watch the launch live. 1. The government will open a space museum. 1. Astronauts are going to plant trees in the space station. 1. People will use solar energy for the rover. 答案 1. A small Mars base will be built by people. 1. A new rocket will be launched by them. 1. We will be taught about space by teachers. 1. The rover will be sent to the moon by the team. 1. The space station will be repaired by workers. 1. The exoplanet is going to be studied by scientists. 1. The launch will be watched live by us. 1. A space museum will be opened by the government. 1. Trees are going to be planted in the space station by astronauts. 1. Solar energy will be used for the rover by people. 核心规律总结 被动语态三步法： 1. 原宾语变主语（注意单复数） 1. 时态 + be + 过去分词 1. 原主语变 by + 宾格（可省略） 两大结构对比： will be done → 更正式，常用于书面语 be going to be done → 更口语化，强调计划性 四、当堂小测 4.1 单词拼写 A. 根据句意及首字母提示完成单词 1. The Zhurong rover has successfully l________ on Mars in 2021. 1. China has launched many m________ spaceships into space over the past years. 1. It is expensive to m________ an old car, but we should keep it in good condition. 1. The new satellite will be l________ from the launch centre at 6 p.m. today. 1. Astronauts feel w________ in space because there is almost no gravity. 答案：1. landed   2. manned   3. maintain   4. launched   5. weightless 深度解析 题号 答案 步骤拆解 易错点 1 landed "land on Mars" 登陆火星；has + 过去分词 → landed 注意 land 是规则动词，加 -ed 2 manned "manned spaceship" 载人飞船，固定搭配 不要误拼为 "manned"→正确 3 maintain "it is + adj. + to do" 结构，填动词原形 不要误填 maintaining 4 launched "will be + 过去分词" 表被动；launch→launched launch 过去分词直接加 -ed 5 weightless "feel + adj."；"几乎没有重力"→失重的 不要误填 weight（名词） B. 根据汉语提示填写本单元词汇 46. The ________（卫星）orbits the Earth about 16 times a day. 47. The school ________（要求）that every student wear the school uniform on weekdays. 48. Because of the heavy rain, they decided to ________（取消）the outdoor rocket exhibition. 49. The famous scientist will ________（出版）his new research paper about Mars next week. 50. The ________（火箭）was successfully launched into space. 答案：6. satellite   7. requires   8. cancel   9. publish   10. rocket 深度解析 题号 答案 语法分析 易错点 6 satellite 主语，谓语 orbits 为三单，主语需单数名词 拼写：satellite 双 l 双 t 7 requires 主语 The school 三单，一般现在时 require that 从句用虚拟语气（should + do） 8 cancel decide to do sth.，后接动词原形 cancel 双写 l → cancelling（进行时），但此处是原形 9 publish will 后接动词原形 publish 直接加 -ed（过去式） 10 rocket 主语，was launched 为被动语态 rocket 拼写注意 -et 结尾 4.2 语法填空（综合能力检测） 1. The Zhurong rover successfully landed on Mars in 2021, and scientists are excited about ________ (explore) more about the red planet. 1. It is expensive ________ (maintain) an old car, so many people prefer to buy new ones. 1. The school requires all visitors ________ (show) their ID cards before entering. 1. The wedding ________ (cancel) at the last minute. 1. The writer spent three years ________ (publish) his new book about space travel. 1. Astronauts feel strange when they work in ________ (weight) conditions. 1. The mission was completed ________ (success). 1. The robot club made our after-school life much more ________ (enjoy) than before. 1. The magazine will publish an article about future space travel next month. It ________ (publish) tomorrow. 1. International ________ (cooperate) is important for space research. 答案 1. exploring   2. to maintain   3. to show   4. was cancelled   5. publishing   6. weightless   7. successfully   8. enjoyable   9. will be published   10. cooperation 深度解析 题号 答案 考查点 步骤拆解 易错点 1 exploring 介词后接动名词 be excited about doing sth. 误填 to explore 2 to maintain 不定式作真正主语 It is + adj. + to do sth. 误填 maintaining 3 to show require 的搭配 require sb. to do sth. 误填 showing 4 was cancelled 被动语态（过去时） 婚礼被取消，at the last minute 表过去 忘记双写 l 5 publishing 固定搭配 spend time (in) doing sth. 误填 to publish 6 weightless 形容词作定语 修饰名词 conditions 需形容词 误填 weight 7 successfully 副词修饰动词 修饰 was completed 需副词 误填 successful 8 enjoyable 形容词作宾补 make + 宾语 + adj.（宾补） 误填 enjoyed 9 will be published 被动语态（将来时） 文章被出版，tomorrow 表将来 漏掉 be 10 cooperation 名词作主语 句中作主语需名词 误填 cooperate 五、能力提升 5.1 综合填空（2024-2025 武珞路中学九上期中） 解题策略：综合填空考查词形变化、语法知识、固定搭配和上下文逻辑。建议按"通读→填空→验证"三步完成。 On August 20th, 2024, the Chinese gaming industry reached a milestone with the global release of Black Myth: Wukong, ____________ (71) new AAA action role-playing game by Game Science. Black Myth: Wukong draws on Chinese mythologies and the classic novel Journey to the West. It ____________ (72) (allow) players to act as the role of Sun Wukong and start ____________ (73) (adventure). Inspired by Stephen Chow's A Chinese Odyssey, the game creates a wonderful dreamland ____________ (74) Chinese scenery, like far-away mountains, wild roads and ancient temples. Feng Ji, Game Science founder and CEO, said that the game ____________ (75) (create) completely by a Chinese team to bring Chinese stories to the world's gaming stage, and the work ____________ (76) (wise) connects Chinese stories and classical cultural elements to the game. He believed a game's true value is not decided by its budget or visuals, ____________ (77) by the right enjoyment it offers players. According to the Xinhua News Agency, ____________ (78) (develop) a truly immersive, world-class game, the game's production team spent years ____________ (79) (travel) across China, scanning historical and cultural places of interest, and mixing them into every game scene. The game has really improved interest in Chinese culture in a ____________ (80) (please) and effective way. 答案 1. a   72. allows   73. adventures   74. with   75. was created   76. wisely   77. but   78. To develop   79. traveling   80. pleasant 深度解析 题号 答案 考点类型 详解 易错点 71 a 冠词 game 为可数名词单数，首次提及用不定冠词 a。AAA 虽以元音字母开头，但读音以辅音 /eɪ/ 开头，故用 a。 误以为 AAA 是元音音素开头用 an 72 allows 动词时态 主语 It 为第三人称单数，描述游戏功能这一客观事实，用一般现在时 allows。 忽略三单加 -s 73 adventures 名词复数 start adventures"开始冒险"，adventure 在此为可数名词，用复数形式泛指各类冒险。 误用单数 adventure 74 with 介词 a dreamland with Chinese scenery"一个拥有中国风景的梦境"，with 表"带有、具有"。 误用 of 或 in 75 was created 被动语态 game 与 create 为被动关系，由 completely by a Chinese team 确定用一般过去时被动语态。 忘记用被动 76 wisely 副词 修饰动词 connects 需用副词，wise 的副词形式为 wisely。 误用形容词 wise 77 but 连词 not...but... 结构"不是……而是……"，表转折。 误用 and 或 or 78 To develop 不定式 不定式作目的状语"为了开发……"。 误用 Developing 79 traveling 固定搭配 spend time (in) doing sth."花时间做某事"。 误填 to travel 80 pleasant 形容词 修饰名词 way 需用形容词，please 的形容词 pleasant"令人愉快的"。 误填 pleased 全文翻译参考 2024年8月20日，中国游戏产业迎来了一个里程碑——《黑神话：悟空》在全球发行，这是游戏科学开发的一款全新的3A动作角色扮演游戏。《黑神话：悟空》借鉴了中国神话和经典小说《西游记》。它允许玩家扮演孙悟空并开始冒险。受周星驰《大话西游》的启发，该游戏创造了一个充满中国风景的美妙梦境——远山、古道和古寺。 游戏科学创始人兼CEO冯骥表示，这款游戏完全由中国团队打造，旨在将中国故事带上世界游戏舞台，该作品巧妙地将中国故事和经典文化元素融入游戏。他认为一款游戏真正的价值不是由预算或画面决定的，而是由它带给玩家的真实乐趣所决定的。 据新华社报道，为了打造一款真正沉浸式的世界级游戏，该制作团队花了数年时间走遍中国，扫描历史文化景点，并将其融入每一个游戏场景中。这款游戏以一种令人愉快且有效的方式提升了人们对中国文化的兴趣。 5.2 阅读理解（AI 主题三则新闻） 解题策略：阅读理解要抓住"主旨→细节→推断"三层递进。先读题目再读文章，带着问题找答案。 文章 News 1：The rapid development of AI OpenAI says ChatGPT now has over 200 million weekly users. That's double the number late last year and comes less than 2 years after its launch. The robot has heated the whole AI-using field, which has upended the world of tech. More and more people throw themselves into AI learning and researching. News 2：The AI effect on companies and countries In AI, chipmaker NVIDIA has been among the big winners, again, beyond its expectation. DELL says rising demand for AI servers made it raise full-year sales and profit forecasts. That was driven by a partnership with NVIDIA and made up for a weak showing on PCs. French President Macron says it's time Europe developed its own AI model. He says the continent can't afford to depend on American or Chinese robots. China, which has had its driverless cars and drones developed by the well-known Chinese firm, is rapidly developing its AI. News 3：AI's impact on climate change AI may not be great news for climate change with data centers set to produce 2.5 billion metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions through the end of the decade, and it is said that firms including Microsoft and EA are racing to enlarge the computer warehouses, which will take a huge amount of energy, seriously influencing the world's climate according to the research by Morgan Stanley, a firm which mainly deals with financial affairs. 题目与深度解析 51. In which SECTION of the website can we read the news? A. SCIENCE.    B. HEALTH.    C. FOOD.    D. SPORTS. 答案：A 解析 步骤1（主旨定位）：三则新闻分别涉及AI用户增长、AI产业竞争、AI环境影响。 步骤2（范畴判断）：均属于科技/科学范畴。 步骤3（排除法）：B健康、C食品、D体育均不相关。 结论：最合适的栏目是 SCIENCE。 52. What does the French president mean in the 2nd news? A. Europe has rapidly developed AI. B. French people are the most clever. C. France can help China make much better robots. D. China and the US are ahead of Europe in AI models. 答案：D 解析 步骤1（原文定位）："French President Macron says it's time Europe developed its own AI model. He says the continent can't afford to depend on American or Chinese robots." 步骤2（推断）：欧洲需要"开发自己的AI模型"、"不能依赖"中美→中美在AI领域领先于欧洲。 步骤3（排除）：A 与原文相反（欧洲并未快速发展AI）；B 语法错误（the most clever → the cleverest）且内容无依据；C 无中生有。 易错点：选项 B 中 "the most clever" 本身有语法错误，但这是干扰项设置，不影响正误判断。 结论：马克龙此言暗示中美在AI领域领先于欧洲。 53. The best heading for the third piece of news would be ______. A. Climate Change By AI    B. Two Firms Enlarge Their Products    C. AI Can Protect The Earth    D. Robots Stop The Climate Change 答案：A 解析 步骤1（主旨概括）：第三则新闻核心——AI数据中心产生大量二氧化碳、消耗大量能源，加剧气候变化。 步骤2（匹配选项）：A "AI导致的气候变化" 直接对应。 步骤3（排除）：B 以偏概全（不止两家公司）；C、D 与原文相悖（AI对气候不利）。 易错点：学生可能误选 B，因文中提到了 Microsoft 和 EA 两家公司，但标题需覆盖全文主旨而非局部细节。 结论：标题应反映文章核心——AI对气候的负面影响。 54. How many firms are mentioned in these three pieces of news? A. 5    B. 6    C. 7    D. 8 答案：C 解析 步骤1（逐条定位）： News 1：OpenAI（1家） News 2：NVIDIA、DELL（2家），"the well-known Chinese firm" 未具名但算一家 News 3：Microsoft、EA、Morgan Stanley（3家） 步骤2（计数）：共计 1 + 2 + 1 + 3 = 7 家。 注意：French President Macron 是政治人物，非企业，不计数。 易错点：学生可能漏算中国的 "well-known Chinese firm"（DC），或误将 Macron 算作企业。 结论：7家企业被提及。 55. What do the three pieces of news have in common? A. They all have to do with AI. B. They all tell how firms use AI. C. They all talk about the future of AI. D. They all discuss the advantage of AI. 答案：A 解析 步骤1（共性分析）： News 1：AI的发展现状 News 2：AI对产业和国家的影响 News 3：AI对环境的影响 步骤2（匹配选项）：三者共同点是"都与AI有关"。 步骤3（排除）： B 过于片面（News 3 未讲公司如何使用AI） C 不准确（News 1 讲的是现状） D 错误（News 3 讨论的是负面影响） 结论：三则新闻的共同主题是"都与AI相关"。 5.3 拓展写作训练（高阶附加题） 题目：假设你是李华，你的笔友 Tom 对中国的太空探索很感兴趣。请你给他写一封 80 词左右的邮件，介绍中国在太空探索方面的成就（如嫦娥探月、天问一号火星探测、空间站建设等），并表达你对未来太空探索的期待。 要求：使用本单元所学词汇（beyond, mission, launch, manned, satellite 等），并运用一般将来时的被动语态至少2处。 参考范文 Dear Tom, I'm glad to hear that you're interested in China's space exploration. China has made great achievements in this field. For example, Chang'e-5 successfully brought lunar samples back to Earth. The Tianwen-1 mission sent a rover to Mars. Moreover, China's manned space station will be completed in the near future. More scientific experiments will be carried out there. I believe the beauty of the universe is beyond description. New satellites will be launched to explore deeper space. It's exciting to think about what will be discovered next! What do you think of China's space program? Looking forward to your reply. Yours, Li Hua 本邮件中的目标词汇与语法盘点 beyond：beyond description（超出描述） mission：Tianwen-1 mission launch：will be launched（被动语态） manned：manned space station satellite：new satellites 被动语态（2处）：will be completed; will be carried out; will be launched; will be discovered —— 本讲义为高阶教师版，仅供教师内部教学使用 —— 教研建议：建议教师在授课时，先利用"核心词汇速览"建立整体认知，再通过"考点精讲"逐项突破，最后以"当堂小测"检测掌握度。"能力提升"部分可作为课后作业或限时训练。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $