内容正文:
人教版五年级上册Unit 1 Different friends
常考易错语法专项精讲精练
单元语法总览:本单元核心围绕人物外貌、性格、能力描述展开,高频易错点集中:be动词用法、形容词原级运用、can能力句型、一般现在时三单、疑问词辨析,是五上入门必考重难点。
语法点一:be动词am/is/are 人物描述用法(基础最易错)
✅ 语法精讲
本单元用于描述人物外貌、性格(高矮、胖瘦、文静、友好等)
1.固定口诀:I用am,you用are,he/she/it单用is,复数人名用are
2.核心结构:主语 + be动词 + 形容词
3.高频例句:
He is tall and strong. 他又高又壮。
She is quiet and kind. 她文静又善良。
易错点:单数人物(he/she/Lily)误用are,人称和be动词不匹配
✅ 即时专项练习(一)(每空2分,共10分)
用 am / is / are 填空
1. He ________ very clever.
2. I ________ tall and thin.
3. Amy ________ quiet and hard-working.
4. They ________ my good friends.
5. My new friend ________ polite.
语法点二:can 情态动词(人物能力描述,90%学生出错)
✅ 语法精讲
1.功能:描述人物具备的能力、本领(会做某事)
2.核心结构:主语 + can + 动词原形
3.否定结构:主语 + can’t + 动词原形
4.疑问结构:Can + 主语 + 动词原形?
超级易错点:can后面永远加动词原形,绝对不能加s/ing/过去式
例句:She can speak English. 她会说英语。
✅ 即时专项练习(二)(每空2分,共10分)
用所给动词的正确形式填空
1. He can ________ (play) football well.
2. My friend can ________ (sing) English songs.
3. She can’t ________ (swim).
4. Can you ________ (dance)?
5. They can ________ (draw) pictures.
语法点三:一般现在时第三人称单数(单元最大难点)
✅ 语法精讲
1.适用场景:描述朋友长期的性格、爱好、习惯
2.规则:主语为 he/she/单个人名,动词要变三单
3.高频三单变化:like→likes, have→has
4.核心例句:He likes reading. 他喜欢阅读。
易错点:三单主语后动词忘记变形;be动词和实义动词混用
✅ 即时专项练习(三)(每空2分,共10分)
用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. She ________ (like) reading books.
2. My friend ________ (have) a new bag.
3. Tom ________ (study) hard at school.
4. He ________ (do) his homework every day.
5. Amy ________ (love) singing songs.
语法点四:特殊疑问词辨析(Who/What/What’s...like)
✅ 语法精讲
单元三大必考问句,极易混淆:
1.What’s sb. like? 询问人物外貌+性格(核心句型)
答句:Sb. is + 形容词(tall/kind/quiet...)
2.Who is sb.? 询问人物身份(是谁)
3.What can sb. do? 询问人物能力(会做什么)
易错点:分不清“What’s he like?”和“What does he like?”
✅ What’s he like? 他什么样?(外貌性格)
✅ What does he like? 他喜欢什么?(爱好)
✅ 即时专项练习(四)(每空2分,共10分)
单项选择(高频易错题)
( ) 1. — ________ is he like? — He is tall and kind.
A. Who B. What C. Where
( ) 2. — ________ she like? — She likes dancing.
A. What’s B. What does C. Who does
( ) 3. — ________ can she do? — She can draw pictures.
A. What B. Who C. How
( ) 4. — ________ is your new friend? — She is Lucy.
A. What B. Where C. Who
( ) 5. — What’s Tom like? — ________
A. He likes sports. B. He is clever. C. He can run.
语法点五:形容词并列连用规则
✅ 语法精讲
1.本单元常用多个形容词同时描述人物:tall and strong、quiet and polite
2.规则:两个形容词并列,中间用 and 连接
3.易错点:多形容词漏加and、误用逗号
✅ 即时专项练习(五)(每空2分,共10分)
连词填空(and / 不填)
1. He is tall ________ strong.
2. She is quiet ________ hard-working.
3. My friend is polite ________ clever.
4. The boy is short ________ thin.
5. She is nice ________ kind.
语法点六:单元经典句型改错(期末高频错题)
✅ 即时专项练习(六)(每小题3分,共15分)
找出句子错误并改正
1. He can plays basketball. ( ) ________
2. She is likes singing. ( ) ________
3. What does she like? She is quiet. ( ) ________
4. My friend are hard-working. ( ) ________
5. He tall and thin. ( ) ________
完整答案+易错解析
专项一答案(be动词用法)
1. is 2. am 3. is 4. are 5. is
易错解析:单个他人(he/she/人名)一律用is,多人复数用are,I固定搭配am。
专项二答案(can情态动词)
1. play 2. sing 3. swim 4. dance 5. draw
易错解析:can/can’t为情态动词,后接动词原形,无三单、ing变化。
专项三答案(三单用法)
1. likes 2. has 3. studies 4. does 5. loves
易错解析:he/she/单人名为三单主语,一般现在时动词需变三单;have特殊变形为has。
专项四答案(疑问词辨析)
1.B 2.B 3.A 4.C 5.B
易错解析:What’s sb. like? 问外貌性格;What does sb. like? 问爱好,二者句型和答句完全不同,是单元最大陷阱。
专项五答案(形容词并列)
1. and 2. and 3. and 4. and 5. and
易错解析:两个并列形容词描述人物,必须用and连接,不能省略或用逗号。
专项六答案(句型改错)
1. plays → play 解析:can后接动词原形
2. 去掉is 解析:实义动词likes直接作谓语,不与be动词连用
3. does → is 解析:答句是性格,问句应用What’s she like?
4. are → is 解析:friend是单数,be动词用is
5. He后加is 解析:句子缺少谓语动词,He is tall and thin.
📝 单元语法易错速记清单(可直接背诵)
1. 描述人物用:主语+be+形容词
2. can后必接动词原形,永不变形
3. 单个人名/he/she,动词变三单
4. 问外貌性格:What’s sb. like?
5. 问爱好:What does sb. like?
6. 双形容词并列必须加and
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