Unit3 Great people 知识清单-2026-2027学年译林版(三起)英语六年级上册

该小学英语知识清单围绕译林版六年级上册Unit 3“Great people”主题展开，属于Module 1“Good qualities”模块。从核心问题“从伟大人物身上学到什么”出发，构建词汇（科学家、发明家等）、短语（杂交水稻之父等）、语法（一般过去时特殊疑问句）、语音（ar发/ɑː/）、课文（袁隆平、蔡伦生平）到写作（人物介绍短文）的学习支架，形成完整知识脉络。 知识链路以“感知伟大人物—学习语言要素—运用语言表达”为逻辑主线，通过人物故事渗透文化意识（如中国科学家事迹增强家国情怀），借助写作模板培养思维品质（时间顺序与逻辑表达），语言能力训练贯穿始终（词汇积累、语法运用到短文写作），助力学生全面提升英语综合素养。

译林版六年级上册英语 Unit 3 Great people 知识总结 一、单元概述 本单元主题为"Great people"（伟大的人们），属于Module 1 Good qualities（良好品质）的第三个单元。 核心问题（Big Question）：What can you learn from great people?（你能从伟大的人们身上学到什么？） 学习目标： • 谈论伟大的人们及其工作 • 用过去时态讲述一个人的生平故事 • 写一篇关于伟大人物的短文 二、核心词汇 单词/短语 音标 中文释义 scientist /ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 科学家 inventor /ɪnˈventə(r)/ 发明家 work /wɜːk/ 工作；作品 hard /hɑːd/ 努力地；困难的 dream /driːm/ 梦想 come true /kʌm truː/ 实现 grow up /ɡrəʊ ʌp/ 长大 study /ˈstʌdi/ 学习；研究 develop /dɪˈveləp/ 发展；开发 important /ɪmˈpɔːtnt/ 重要的 help /help/ 帮助 read /riːd/ 阅读 write /raɪt/ 写 make /meɪk/ 制作 give /ɡɪv/ 给 go /ɡəʊ/ 去 say /seɪ/ 说 take /teɪk/ 带走 know /nəʊ/ 知道 teach /tiːtʃ/ 教 pass away /pɑːs əˈweɪ/ 去世 all over the world /ɔːl ˈəʊvə(r) ðə wɜːld/ 全世界 at an early age /æt ən ˈɜːli eɪdʒ/ 在幼年时期 give up /ɡɪv ʌp/ 放弃 the father of hybrid rice /ðə ˈfɑːðə(r) ɒv ˈhaɪbrɪd raɪs/ 杂交水稻之父 Chinese rice scientist /ˈtʃaɪniːz raɪs ˈsaɪəntɪst/ 中国水稻科学家 in the Han Dynasty /ɪn ðə hæn ˈdɪnəsti/ 在汉朝 make paper /meɪk ˈpeɪpə(r)/ 造纸 bamboo or silk /bæmˈbuː ɔː(r) sɪlk/ 竹子或丝绸 cheap but good /tʃiːp bʌt ɡʊd/ 便宜但好的 keep thinking and trying /kiːp ˈθɪŋkɪŋ ænd ˈtraɪɪŋ/ 不断思考和尝试 hero /ˈhɪərəʊ/ 英雄 do the shopping /duː ðə ˈʃɒpɪŋ/ 购物 every week /ˈevri wiːk/ 每周 三、重点短语 1. the father of hybrid rice 杂交水稻之父 例：People call him the father of hybrid rice. 人们称他为杂交水稻之父。 2. all over the world 全世界 例：It feeds people all over the world. 它养活了全世界的人。 3. pass away 去世 例：He passed away in 2021 in Changsha. 他2021年在长沙去世。 4. at an early age 在幼年时期 例：Yuan liked farming at an early age. 袁隆平幼年时就喜欢农耕。 5. give up 放弃 例：It was very difficult, but he never gave up. 这非常艰难，但他从未放弃。 6. come true 实现 例：How did his dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ 7. grow up 长大 例：When he grew up, he studied farming. 当他长大后，他学习了农耕。 8. work on 从事于；致力于 例：In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice. 1964年，他开始研究杂交水稻。 9. work hard 努力工作 例：He worked hard and always stayed in the fields. 他努力工作，总是待在田间。 10. keep thinking and trying 不断思考和尝试 例：He kept thinking and trying. 他不断思考和尝试。 11. do the shopping 购物 例：I want to do the shopping for Mrs Pig. 我想为猪太太购物。 12. every week 每周 例：Thanks for doing the shopping for me every week. 谢谢你每周为我购物。 13. make paper 造纸 例：Cai Lun wanted to use cheap things to make paper. 蔡伦想用便宜的东西造纸。 14. cheap but good 便宜但好的 例：Finally, he made cheap but good paper. 最终，他造出了便宜但优质的纸。 15. in the Han Dynasty 在汉朝 例：He lived in the Han Dynasty. 他生活在汉朝。 16. be born in 出生于 例：He was born in 1930 in Beijing. 他1930年出生于北京。 17. in the fields 在田间 例：He always stayed in the fields. 他总是待在田间。 18. help sb. do sth. 帮助某人做某事 例：Cai Lun's paper helped more people read and write. 蔡伦的纸帮助更多人阅读和书写。 四、语法聚焦：一般过去时的特殊疑问句（How/Who was...? How did...?） 本单元核心语法是一般过去时的特殊疑问句，用于询问过去的人物身份、状态及动作方式。 4.1 对人物/身份提问：Who was...? • Who was Yuan Longping? 袁隆平是谁？ —He was a Chinese rice scientist. 他是一位中国水稻科学家。 • Who was Cai Lun? 蔡伦是谁？ —He was a great Chinese inventor. 他是一位伟大的中国发明家。 • Who was Marie Curie? 玛丽·居里是谁？ —She was a great scientist. 她是一位伟大的科学家。 4.2 对状态/方式提问：How was...? / How did...? • How was school today? 今天学校怎么样？ —Great! Mrs Fox asked us to write about our heroes. 太棒了！狐狸老师让我们写关于我们的英雄。 • How did his dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ —He worked hard and never gave up. 他努力工作，从未放弃。 • How did Cai Lun make paper? 蔡伦是如何造纸的？ —He kept thinking and trying. 他不断思考和尝试。 4.3 一般过去时特殊疑问句结构 （1）疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + ...? （对状态/身份提问） 例：Who was Yuan Longping? 袁隆平是谁？ 例：How was school today? 今天学校怎么样？ （2）疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形 + ...? （对动作提问） 例：How did his dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ 例：What did Cai Lun make? 蔡伦制作了什么？ 例：Why did he do that? 他为什么那样做？ 例：When did he develop hybrid rice? 他什么时候培育出了杂交水稻？ （3）注意：did 后面必须接动词原形 ✓ How did he work? 他如何工作？ ✗ How did he worked? （错误） 4.4 不规则动词过去式（本单元重点） 原形 过去式 中文 eat ate 吃 give gave 给 go went 去 grow grew 生长 know knew 知道 make made 制作 read read 阅读 say said 说 take took 带走 teach taught 教 五、语音知识：字母组合 ar 的发音 /ɑː/ 本单元语音聚焦字母组合 "ar"，发长元音 /ɑː/，与单词 star 中的 ar 发音相同。 5.1 含有 ar 发 /ɑː/ 的单词 • star /stɑː(r)/ 星星 • hard /hɑːd/ 努力地 • dark /dɑːk/ 黑暗的 • park /pɑːk/ 公园 • car /kɑː(r)/ 汽车 • arm /ɑːm/ 手臂 • farm /fɑːm/ 农场 • art /ɑːt/ 艺术 • card /kɑːd/ 卡片 • party /ˈpɑːti/ 聚会 • garden /ˈɡɑːdn/ 花园 • market /ˈmɑːkɪt/ 市场 • start /stɑːt/ 开始 • large /lɑːdʒ/ 大的 5.2 韵律歌谣（Rhyme） Great people are like stars. In the dark, they give light. With dreams and hard work, You can also shine bright. 中文大意：伟大的人们就像星星。在黑暗中，他们带来光明。带着梦想和努力工作，你也可以闪耀光芒。 六、课文内容回顾 6.1 Cartoon Time --- My hero 故事梗概：Mrs Fox 让学生们写关于他们的英雄。Bobby 起初想写一位著名的科学家或发明家，因为他们努力工作并做伟大的事情。后来他和妈妈一起购物时，发现妈妈帮助 Mrs Mouse 带她的宝宝去公园，还每周为 Mrs Pig 购物。Bobby 意识到妈妈也是英雄，于是写道："You're my hero. Now I know everyone can be great."（你是我的英雄。现在我知道每个人都可以变得伟大。） 重点句子： • "Mrs Fox asked us to write about our heroes."（狐狸老师让我们写关于我们的英雄。） • "A famous scientist or inventor. They work hard and do great things."（一位著名的科学家或发明家。他们努力工作并做伟大的事情。） • "Thanks for taking my baby to the park yesterday."（谢谢你昨天带我的宝宝去公园。） • "Thanks for doing the shopping for me every week."（谢谢你每周为我购物。） • "Because I have a good idea for my homework!"（因为我对于作业有了一个好主意！） • "You're my hero. Now I know everyone can be great."（你是我的英雄。现在我知道每个人都可以变得伟大。） 6.2 Story Time --- A great scientist: Yuan Longping 故事梗概：袁隆平是一位中国水稻科学家，人们称他为杂交水稻之父。他1930年出生于北京，2021年在长沙去世。他幼年时就喜欢农耕，长大后学习了农耕。1964年，他开始研究杂交水稻。这非常艰难，但他从未放弃。他努力工作，总是待在田间。1973年，他培育出了杂交水稻。现在杂交水稻在中国和许多其他国家种植，养活了全世界的人。 重点句子： • "Yuan Longping was a Chinese rice scientist."（袁隆平是一位中国水稻科学家。） • "He was born in 1930 in Beijing."（他1930年出生于北京。） • "He passed away in 2021 in Changsha."（他2021年在长沙去世。） • "People call him the father of hybrid rice."（人们称他为杂交水稻之父。） • "Yuan liked farming at an early age."（袁隆平幼年时就喜欢农耕。） • "When he grew up, he studied farming."（当他长大后，他学习了农耕。） • "In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice."（1964年，他开始研究杂交水稻。） • "It was very difficult, but he never gave up."（这非常艰难，但他从未放弃。） • "He worked hard and always stayed in the fields."（他努力工作，总是待在田间。） • "He developed hybrid rice in 1973."（他在1973年培育出了杂交水稻。） • "Now hybrid rice grows in China and many other countries."（现在杂交水稻在中国和许多其他国家种植。） • "It feeds people all over the world."（它养活了全世界的人。） 6.3 补充阅读：Cai Lun --- a Chinese inventor 故事梗概：蔡伦是一位伟大的中国发明家，他生活在汉朝。他喜欢制作东西。那时，人们经常在竹子或丝绸上写字，但是竹子很重，丝绸很昂贵。蔡伦想用便宜的东西造纸。起初非常困难，但他没有放弃。他不断思考和尝试。最终，他造出了便宜但优质的纸。蔡伦的纸帮助更多人阅读和书写，它非常重要。 重点句子： • "Cai Lun was a great Chinese inventor."（蔡伦是一位伟大的中国发明家。） • "He lived in the Han Dynasty."（他生活在汉朝。） • "At that time, people often wrote on bamboo or silk."（那时，人们经常在竹子或丝绸上写字。） • "But bamboo was heavy and silk was dear."（但是竹子很重，丝绸很昂贵。） • "Cai Lun wanted to use cheap things to make paper."（蔡伦想用便宜的东西造纸。） • "It was very difficult at first, but he did not give up."（起初非常困难，但他没有放弃。） • "He kept thinking and trying."（他不断思考和尝试。） • "Finally, he made cheap but good paper."（最终，他造出了便宜但优质的纸。） • "Cai Lun's paper helped more people read and write."（蔡伦的纸帮助更多人阅读和书写。） • "It was very important."（它非常重要。） 七、写作指导：写一篇关于伟大人物的短文 写作结构（人物介绍型）： 1. 开头（介绍人物身份） ... was a great ... He/She was born in ... in ... 例：Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist. He was born in 1930 in Beijing. 2. 中间（介绍人物事迹） When he/she grew up, he/she ... In ..., he/she began to ... It was very difficult, but he/she never gave up. He/She worked hard and ... Finally, he/she ... 例：When he grew up, he studied farming. In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice. It was very difficult, but he never gave up. He worked hard and always stayed in the fields. Finally, he developed hybrid rice in 1973. 3. 结尾（评价人物/表达感悟） People call him/her ... He/She was great because ... We can learn from him/her. I want to ... 例：People call him the father of hybrid rice. He was great because he helped so many people. We can learn from him. I want to work hard like him. 常用时间连接词： • at an early age 在幼年时期 • when he/she grew up 当他/她长大后 • in 1964 / in 1973 在1964年/1973年 • at first 起初 • then 然后 • after that 之后 • finally 最后 • in the end 最后 • now 现在 写作模板： ________ was a great ________. He/She was born in ________ in ________. When he/she grew up, he/she ________. In ________, he/she began to ________. It was very difficult, but he/she never gave up. He/She ________. Finally, he/she ________ in ________. People call him/her ________. He/She was great because ________. I want to learn from him/her. I will ________. 参考范文： Yuan Longping was a great Chinese scientist. He was born in 1930 in Beijing. When he grew up, he studied farming. In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice. It was very difficult, but he never gave up. He worked hard and always stayed in the fields. Finally, he developed hybrid rice in 1973. Now hybrid rice grows in many countries. It feeds people all over the world. People call him the father of hybrid rice. He was great because he helped so many people. We can learn from him. I want to work hard and never give up like him. 八、单元核心句型 1. Great people never stop trying to make life better for all. 伟大的人们从不停止努力，让所有人的生活变得更好 2. They work hard and find the answers to problems big and small. 他们努力工作，找到大大小小问题的答案。 3. Can we be great people like them? 我们能成为像他们一样伟大的人吗？ 4. Yes, we can try to do good things every day. 是的，我们可以每天努力做好事。 5. We can help people in our own small way. 我们可以用自己的小方式帮助人们。 6. I have two dreams. 我有两个梦想。 7. I want to enjoy the cool under tall rice plants. 我想在高大的水稻下享受清凉。 8. I also want to see hybrid rice grow all over the world. 我也想看到杂交水稻在全世界生长。 9. He was born in 1930 in Beijing. 他1930年出生于北京。 10. He passed away in 2021 in Changsha. 他2021年在长沙去世。 11. He did a lot of studies on rice. 他对水稻做了大量研究。 12. It was very difficult, but he never gave up. 这非常艰难，但他从未放弃。 13. He developed hybrid rice in 1973. 他在1973年培育出了杂交水稻。 14. It feeds people all over the world. 它养活了全世界的人。 15. He kept thinking and trying. 他不断思考和尝试。 16. Now I know everyone can be great. 现在我知道每个人都可以变得伟大。 17. Who was Yuan Longping? 袁隆平是谁？ 18. How did his dreams come true? 他的梦想是如何实现的？ 19. What did Cai Lun make? 蔡伦制作了什么？ 20. Why was he great? 他为什么伟大？ 九、易错点提醒 1. 年份前用介词 in：in 1930, in 1973, in 2021 ✓ He was born in 1930. ✗ He was born on 1930. （错误） 2. 城市前用介词 in：in Beijing, in Changsha, in Paris ✓ He passed away in 2021 in Changsha. 3. pass away 表示"去世"，是委婉说法，比 die 更正式。 4. 不规则动词过去式需特别记忆： eat → ate give → gave go → went grow → grew know → knew make → made read → read say → said take → took teach → taught 5. did 后面必须接动词原形： ✓ How did he work? ✗ How did he worked? （错误） 6. stop doing sth. 停止做某事（正在做的事） stop to do sth. 停下来去做另一件事 例：Great people never stop trying. （伟大的人们从不停止努力。） 7. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事，to 可以省略。 例：Cai Lun's paper helped more people read and write. 8. want to do sth. 想要做某事 例：He wanted to use cheap things to make paper. 9. begin to do sth. / begin doing sth. 开始做某事 例：In 1964, he began to work on hybrid rice. 10. call sb. sth. 称某人为…… 例：People call him the father of hybrid rice. 第 1 页 共 16 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $