专题28 独立主格结构（专项训练）（全国通用）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

**基本信息** 聚焦独立主格结构7大核心形式，通过基础-重难-真题三级分层训练，结合新情境与高考真题实现语言应用能力递进。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |模拟·基础演练|单句语法填空（15题）|按7大结构设考向，覆盖名词/代词+分词/不定式等基础形式|从核心结构概念切入，构建"形式识别-成分分析"逻辑链| |重难·创新演练|词形填空（17题）+语法填空（5篇）|融入童年趣事等新情境，考查with复合结构及独立主格在语篇中的应用|从单句到语篇，实现"结构应用-语境理解"能力提升| |真题·实战演练|高考真题（10题）|精选2000-2019年高频考点，聚焦分词/with结构等核心考法|对接高考命题趋势，强化"考点识别-解题策略"迁移能力|

专题28 独立主格结构 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：独立主格结构名词/主格代词+现在分词，考查名词/主格代词+过去分词，名词/主格代词+不定式，名词/主格代词+形容词/副词，名词/主格代词+介词（短语），名词/主格代词+名词，with的复合结构 单句语法填空 考向01 考查名词/主格代词+现在分词 1．The moon rose from the valley, the whole mountain (bathe) itself in mysterious moonlight. 【答案】bathing 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：月亮从山谷中升起，整座山都被神秘的月光笼罩着。此处句中没有连词，为独立主格结构，且mountain与bathe构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。故填bathing。 2．The weather (be) fine, they decided to go out for a walk. 【答案】being 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：天气很好，他们决定出去散步。本句中“The weather ____ fine”是独立主格结构作状语，其中the weather和be之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式being。故填being。 3．Time (permit), I sincerely hope that you can appreciate the musical performance to be held in the school hall next Saturday. 【答案】permitting 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：时间允许的话，我真诚地希望你能欣赏下周六在学校礼堂举行的音乐表演。Time与permit之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式，在句中作条件状语。这里Time permitting是独立主格结构。故填permitting。 4．I was amazed at the wild beauty of the desert I had never seen before, the colours of the dunes (contrast) strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 【答案】contrasting 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：我对以前从未见过的沙漠的野性之美感到惊讶，沙丘的颜色与万里无云的蓝色天空形成了鲜明的对比。本句为“名词短语+非谓语动词”独立主格结构，the colours of the dunes与contrast为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词形式。故填contrasting。 5．Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music, the crowd (jump) into action. 【答案】jumping 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：接着，鲜艳的色彩和欢快的音乐爆发了，人群开始行动起来。句子为there be句型，逗号后内容为独立主格结构，作状语，jump into action“开始行动起来”和the crowd逻辑上是主动关系，且该动作和谓语动作同时发生，因此用jump的现在分词形式。故填jumping。 考向02考查名词/主格代词+过去分词 1．Face (cover) in sweat, he might be walking through the field, carefully checking his crops before deciding what needs to be done. 【答案】covered 【解析】考查独立主格。句意：满脸是汗的他可能正在田地里走来走去，在决定需要做什么之前仔细检查他的庄稼。根据空格前的face和空格后面的逗号可知，空格处应该用独立主格表示；动词cover与逻辑主语face之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词covered，构成“名词+过去分词”组成的独立主格。故填covered。 2．My son went out to play football, his lessons (finish) for the day. 【答案】finished 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：我儿子出去踢足球了，他那天的功课做完了。分析句子可知，逗号前是完整句子，逗号后his lessons与finish是逻辑上的被动关系，即功课被完成，所以用过去分词finished，构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。故填finished。 3．The problem (solve), the team members finally got some rest after days of hard work. 【答案】solved 【解析】考查独立主格。句意：问题解决后，队员们在连日辛劳之后终于得以休息。句中已有谓语动词got，空处用非谓语动词，逻辑主语The problem与solve为被动关系，独立主格结构中用过去分词表被动且动作已完成，故填solved。 4．Standing there in the doorway, she stared at the strange figure, her entire body (freeze) with shock, unable to even scream. 【答案】frozen 【解析】句意：她站在门口，盯着那个陌生的人影，整个人因震惊而僵住，甚至发不出尖叫。her entire body________ with shock为独立主格结构作状语，her entire body和freeze为逻辑动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。 25．His bag (grab) by a thief, he shouted loudly and ran after the man. 【答案】grabbed 【解析】句意：他的包被一个小偷偷走了，他大声呼喊着并追向那个小偷。此处为独立主格结构，且bag与grab构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 考向03考查名词/主格代词+不定式 1．The four of us agreed on a division of labor just now, each (translate) a quarter of the book. 【答案】to translate 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：我们四个人刚才商定分工，每人翻译这本书的四分之一。空格处应该用非谓语动词与each构成独立主格，动词translate与逻辑主语each之间是主动关系，且表示将来的动作，所以应该用不定式形式。故填to translate。 2．Lots of homework (do), I have to stay at home all day. 【答案】to do 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：由于有很多作业要做，我不得不整天待在家里。空处应填非谓语动词构成独立主格结构作原因状语，指向未来的动作，应用不定式。故填to do。 3．With so many different forms of poetry ( choose) from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! 【答案】to choose 【解析】句意：有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你最终可能会想要自己写诗。试一试吧! choose(选择)作with复合结构中宾语补足语，用非谓语形式，描述未发生的动作，用不定式形式to choose，且在with复合结构中主动表被动。 4．She felt anxious, with many details (confirm) before the project launch. 【答案】to confirm 【解析】句意：项目启动前还有许多细节需要确认，她感到焦虑。此处为“with + 宾语 + 宾补”结构，细节尚未被确认，动作尚未发生，应用不定式to confirm作宾语补足语。 5．With a lot of tasks (complete) in two days, we have to work extra hours these days. 【答案】to complete 【解析】考查with的复合结构。句意：由于两天内有大量任务需要完成，所以这几天我们不得不加班。此处是with复合结构，此处表示有任务要完成，因此用不定式表将来，故填to complete。 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 童年趣事(T1) 秭归县的“小狗山”(T2); 英式下午茶(T3);快闪图书馆(T4)；北京——古老建筑和现代化发展结合(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】A professional expert (offer) guidance, the staff quickly mastered the new product distribution process. 【答案】offering 【解析】句意：一位专业专家提供了指导，员工们很快就掌握了新产品的销售流程。此处为独立主格结构，且offer与expert构成主动关系，故用现在分词形式。 2．【新考法】A large number of orders (accumulate), the factory hired extra workers to handle purchases and distributions. 【答案】accumulated 【解析】句意：订单数量大幅增加，于是工厂额外雇用了工人来负责采购和配送工作。此处为独立主格结构，且orders与accumulate构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。 3．【新考法】Weather (permit), we shall have an organized trip to the local forests to search for the herbs that our teacher has asked us to prepare. 【答案】permitting 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：天气允许的话，我们将组织一次去当地森林的旅行，寻找老师要求我们准备的草药。分析句子可知，此处为独立主格结构（名词 / 代词 + 非谓语），本句主句为we shall have an organized trip...，前半句无连词，且Weather与主句主语we不一致，需用独立主格作条件状语，表“如果天气允许的话”。Weather（天气）与permit（允许）之间是主动关系（天气主动呈现“允许”的状态），因此用现在分词permitting。故填permitting。 4．【新情境】The protesters flooded the square, their numbers (multiply) by the minute like raindrops merging into a downpour. 【答案】multiplying 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：抗议者挤满了广场，他们的人数每分钟都在不断增加，就像雨滴汇聚成倾盆大雨一样。their numbers ________ (multiply) by the minute like raindrops merging into a downpour.为独立主格结构，multiply和逻辑主语their numbers为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填multiplying。 5.【新情境】A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power (remind) me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city. 【答案】reminding 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一条蓝色的河流在我们身边奔流，与我们的速度相匹配，它的力量让我想起在城市里我很少感受到大自然的力量。remind在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语power构成主动关系，故用现在分词的形式，和its power构成独立主格结构，在句中作状语。故填reminding。 6．【新情境】In that distant continent, trees are extremely tall, some (measure) over 90 meters in height. 【答案】measuring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：在那个遥远的大陆上，树木都极其高大，有些高达90多米。逗号前是完整句子，逗号后无连词连接，因此此处为独立主格结构；逻辑主语some与动词measure之间是主动关系，表示“测量起来有……高”，应用现在分词形式measuring构成独立主格，作补充说明状语。故填measuring。 7.【新情境】There (be) nothing else to do, we left. 【答案】being 【解析】考查独立主格结构。句意：没有别的事可做，我们就离开了。空处应填非谓语动词构成独立主格结构，there be应用there being。故填being。 8．【新角度】Everything (take) into consideration, his work is well done. 【答案】taken 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：一切都考虑在内，他的工作做得很好。逗号前为独立主格结构，设空处应填非谓语动词，everything 与 take 之间是被动关系，表示“被考虑”，应用过去分词形式。故填 taken。 9.【新情境·】By the time we arrived, the concert had already started, the band (rank) first on the music charts. 【答案】ranking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们到达时，音乐会已经开始了，而那个乐队正是音乐排行榜上的冠军乐队。此处是独立主格结构，the band 与 rank 之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词 。故填ranking。 10．【新情境】The street musician played the violin, a young pianist (accompany) him with simple chords. 【答案】accompanying 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：街头音乐家拉着小提琴，一位年轻的钢琴家用简单的和弦为他伴奏。分析句子结构可知，本句为独立主格结构。逻辑主语a young pianist与accompany之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词形式。故填accompanying。 11.【新考法】The writer eagerly opened the response from a publisher, his heart (sink) when he reached that final sentence. 【答案】sinking 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：这位作家急切地打开出版商的回复，当他读到最后一句话时，他的心沉了下去。句子的主干为“The writer eagerly opened the response from a publisher”，逗号后“his heart ______ (sink) when he reached that final sentence”为独立主格结构，作伴随状语。其中逻辑主语his heart与动词sink（下沉）之间为主动关系，应用现在分词形式sinking。故填sinking。 12．【新情境】He added that it is affecting everything from bacteria to mammals, humans (include). 【答案】included 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充说，这正影响着从细菌到哺乳动物的所有生物，人类也包括在内。此处为独立主格结构，且human与include构成被动关系，故用过去分词形式。故填included。 13.【新情境】As the sun began to rise, casting a golden hue on the park’s traditional architecture, the volunteers gathered at the Zhuzi Cultural Park Square, their red and blue vests (contrast) vividly with the lush green mountains for the opening ceremony. 【答案】contrasting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意：当太阳开始升起，金色的光辉洒在公园的传统建筑上时，志愿者们聚集在朱子文化公园广场，他们红蓝相间的背心在开幕式上与郁郁葱葱的青山形成鲜明对比。 “their red and blue vests ___________ (contrast) vividly with the lush green mountains”是独立主格结构，contrast(与……形成对比)与其逻辑主语“their red and blue vests”之间是主动关系，用现在分词形式表主动。故填contrasting。 14.【新考法】John collected a lot of ancient coins, most of dating back to the Ming Dynasty. 【答案】them 【解析】考查代词。句意：John收集了很多古钱币，这些古钱币中的大部分可以追溯到明朝。分析句子结构可知，“most of _____ dating back to the Ming Dynasty”是独立主格结构，作状语，在这个独立主格结构中，“most of”是一个介词短语，其后需要接一个宾语来指代前面提到的“ancient coins”，需用代词them。故填them。 15.【新情境】With something important   (talk) about with you, you must stay here. 【答案】to talk 【解析】句意：有重要的事情要和你谈谈，所以你必须留在这里。空格处在“with复合结构”中作宾语补足语，此处表示尚未发生，未来的动作，应该用不定式形式to talk。 16.【新情境】With a lot of money his command, he traveled around the world freely. 【答案】at 【解析】句意：由于拥有大量可支配的钱财，他自由自在地环游世界。根据空后his command可知，空处需用介词at与之搭配，构成固定短语at one’s command，意为“由某人支配/指挥”，介词短语在with的复合结构中作宾语补足语。 17.【新情境】With a lot of work (do), I have to cancel the plan of traveling this weekend. 【答案】to do 【解析】考查with复合结构。句意：有很多工作要做，我不得不取消这个周末旅行的计划。“with +宾语+宾语补足语”构成with复合结构，在句中作状语。此处a lot of work与do是逻辑上的动宾关系，且表示工作还未做，是将来要发生的动作，所以用动词不定式to do作宾语补足语。故填to do。 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·童年趣事】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026年1月浙江卷） There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. 【答案】 1．to finish 2．in 3．numbers 4．watching 5．excitement 6．that/which 7．being pushed 8．the 9．and 10．seemingly 【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者回忆童年时与母亲一起度过的快乐时光，以及母亲如何将平凡的日常活动变得充满乐趣。 1．to finish考查非谓语动词。句意：很少有人能在等待微波炉加热完成时找到乐趣，但我妈妈却能。who引导的定语从句的谓语为could find，此处为非谓语动词，wait for sb/sth to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“等待某人/某物做某事”，所以用finish的不定式形式to finish，作宾语补足语。故填to finish。 2．考查介词。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。固定搭配in one’s arms表示“在某人的怀里”。故填in。 3．考查名词复数。句意：我最早的记忆之一是被妈妈抱在怀里，一起倒数闪烁的绿色数字。number“数字”是可数名词，此处指多个数字，应用复数形式，作宾语。故填numbers。 4．watching考查非谓语动词。句意：她带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，就像它是一艘太空火箭的倒计时，兴奋和紧张一直持续到最后一刻：哔！本句已有谓语动词would dance，此处为独立主格结构，our eyes与watch之间为主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填 watching。 5．考查名词。句意：她会带着我们在厨房里左右跳舞，我们的眼睛盯着微波炉，仿佛那是火箭发射的倒计时，兴奋和紧张的情绪在最后一刻不断累积：叮！本空与后面的tension为并列关系，共同作主语，需用excite的名词形式excitement“兴奋”。故填excitement。 6．that/which考查定语从句。句意：微波炉的警报声很大，但我们用自己的表演掩盖了那个声音，仰起头对着天空大喊——一声尖叫总是以笑声结束。本空引导定语从句，先行词是a scream，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语，应用关系代词that或which引导。故填that/which。 7．being pushed考查非谓语动词。句意：我记得坐在超市的手推车里，被人推着，在凹凸不平的停车场地面上就像坐过山车一样。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，且I与push“推”之间为被动关系，需用动名词的被动形式，作宾语。故填being pushed。 8．考查冠词。句意：我记得在超市推着手推车，在凹凸不平的停车场地面就像坐过山车一样。此处特指凹凸不平的停车场地面，应用定冠词the。故填the。 9．and考查连词。句意：她会加速，风吹着我们的头发向后飘，而我小小的声音喊着：“Weeee-eee-eee！”本空连接两个并列的独立主格结构the wind blowing our hair back和my tiny voice singing out为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 10．考查副词。句意：生活中充满了许多看似平淡无奇的时刻，但我们可以把其中任何一个变成庆祝。此处修饰形容词uneventful，应用副词seemingly“看似”，作状语。故填seemingly。 Passage 2 【新情境·秭归县的“小狗山”】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026河南信阳开学考试） A mountain in Zigui county, Yichang, Hubei province, has turned into an unexpected online hit. Owing 1 its unique karst landscape (喀斯特地貌) it remarkably looks like a cute dog lying on its stomach, which 2   (draw) millions of views on various social media platforms so far. “Puppy Mountain”, 3 (locate) along the Yangtze River, was first detected in a photo by a Shanghai designer surnamed Guo, during the Spring Festival. Guo, 4 has a sharp eye for spotting extraordinary scenes, shared it with great 5 (enthusiastic). Instantly, the image gained rapid popularity, gathering as many as 123,000 likes within just 10 days. Netizens (网民) from all corners of the world were amazed by 6 (it) strikingly strong likeness to a real dog. This unique sight also caught widespread international attention, with numerous media eagerly 7 (cover) the story. However, local authorities have issued a timely warning that the area is not only remote but extremely steep, and it is still not 8 official scenic site yet. Thus, visitors are strongly recommended 9 (view) it safely from the observation platform on the opposite “Ox Liver and Horse Lung” Gorge. Geologically, an expert named Li Zhongdong said it was 10 (gradual) formed by long-term karst processes over countless years, which eventually created this special and rare karst landform. 【答案】 1．to 2．has drawn 3．located 4．who 5．enthusiasm 6．its 7．covering 8．an 9．to view 10．gradually 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了湖北省宜昌市秭归县的“小狗山”的相关情况。 1．考查介词。句意：因其独特的喀斯特地貌，这座山峰酷似一只趴着的可爱小狗，迄今在各大社交媒体平台上已吸引了数百万次浏览。owing to是固定搭配，表示“因为”，符合句意。故填to。 2．考查时态和主谓一致。句意：因其独特的喀斯特地貌，这座山峰酷似一只趴着的可爱小狗，迄今在各大社交媒体平台上已收获数百万次浏览。在which引导的非限制性定语从句中，which作主语，所填词是谓语。从句中的so far是现在完成时的标志词，which与draw之间为主动关系，要用现在完成时的主动语态结构have/has+过去分词。which指代前面整个主句，表示单数概念，助动词要用has，draw的过去分词是drawn。故填has drawn。 3．考查形容词。句意：“小狗山”位于长江沿岸，是在春节期间由一位姓郭的上海设计师在一张照片中首次发现的。________ along the Yangtze River作定语修饰“Puppy Mountain”，要将动词locate变为对应的形容词located。故填located。 4．考查定语从句。句意：郭先生有着敏锐捕捉非凡场景的能力，他对此表现出了极大的热情并分享了出来。“_______has a sharp eye for spotting extraordinary scenes”是关系代词引导的非限制性定语从句修饰表示“人”的词Guo。关系代词在该从句中作主语，关系代词要用who。故填who。 5．考查名词。句意：郭先生有着敏锐的捕捉非凡场景的能力，他对此表现出了极大的热情并分享了出来。great是形容词，作定语修饰此空，将enthusiastic变为名词enthusiasm作with宾语。该词是不可数名词，故填enthusiasm。 6．考查代词。句意：来自世界各地的网民都对它酷似真狗的外形感到惊叹不已。修饰名词短语“strikingly strong likeness”，需用代词所有格“its”表示“它的”（指代山的），因此it要变为对应的形容词性物主代词its。故填its。 7．考查非谓语动词。句意：这一独特的景观也引起了国际社会的广泛关注，众多媒体纷纷争相报道这一事件。“with numerous media eagerly ________ the story”是独立主格结构作状语。名词media(媒体)和动词cover(报道)之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，要用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填covering。 8．考查冠词。句意：然而，当地有关部门及时发出警告，称该区域不仅偏远，而且地势极为险峻，目前尚未成为官方指定的旅游景点。site为可数名词，此处表示泛指“一个景点”，official发音以元音音素开头，需用不定冠词an。故填an。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：因此，强烈建议游客从对面牛肝马肺峡的观景台安全观赏。由于be recommended to do sth是固定用法，表示“被建议做某事”，空要变为动词不定式作主语补足语。故填to view。 10．考查副词。句意：从地质学角度来看，名叫李忠东的专家表示，该地貌是经过漫长的喀斯特作用，历经无数年逐渐形成的，最终造就了这一特殊且罕见的喀斯特地貌。空作状语修饰动词formed，要将形容词gradual的词尾加ly变为副词。故填gradually。 Passage 3 【新情境·英式下午茶】（2026·广东佛山市第一中学二模检测） The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, 1 more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into 2 popular pastime. This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3 (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon!   Afternoon tea, 4 (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.  It went on to become a 5 (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes. Now there is a resurgence (复苏) in its 6 (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. 7 it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 8 (enjoy) a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9 (ask) to leave. Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour devoted to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you try it, you 10 (agree). 【答案】 1．with 2．a 3．comfortably 4．designed 5．fashionable 6．popularity 7．Though / Although/While 8．to enjoy 9．being asked 10．will agree 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要向读者介绍了英式下午茶。 1．考查with的复合结构。本题考查with + 名词 + 过去分词。句意：我们都知道英国人爱喝茶，他们每天要喝掉1.6亿多杯茶。故填with。 2．考查冠词。单数可数名词前用不定冠词表泛指。句意：不过，下午茶的发明才真正将品茶变成了一项受欢迎的休闲活动。故填a。 3．考查副词。修饰整个句子用副词形式。句意：这种社交活动包括：舒服地饮用质量上好的茶……。故填comfortably。 4．考查非谓语动词。逻辑主语Afternoon tea与动词design为被动关系，故用过去分词作状语。句意：下午茶是为了填补午餐和晚餐之间的空当而出现的轻便小食。故填designed。 5．考查形容词。冠词后、名词前用形容词作定语。句意：之后，下午茶的习惯逐渐成为上流社会时髦的社交活动。故填fashionable。 6．考查名词。代词its后接名词形式。句意：如今下午茶的风潮又在英国兴起。故填popularity。 7．考查连词。根据前后句逻辑关系可知，这里引导让步状语从句。句意：尽管在家里可以享用，但体验下午茶的最佳方式是去豪华酒店或者咖啡馆。故填Though / Although/While。 8．考查非谓语动词。这里用不定式作目的状语。句意：如果你想去这样的地方去品尝甜品和美味小食，再饮一壶刚泡好的热茶。故填to enjoy。 9．考查非谓语动词。动词avoid后接doing作宾语。逻辑主语you与ask之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。句意：有些规矩是必须遵守的，否则人家可能会请你离开。故填being asked。 10．考查时态。主句将来时，时间状语从句用一般现在时或现在完成时表将来。句意：我确信一旦你试过，你就会同意。故填will agree。 Passage 4 【新情境·快闪图书馆】（2026·贵州中央民族大学附属中学贵阳学校第三次适应性考试） A pop-up library is a temporary reading space that has become a popular cultural trend in cities worldwide. Unlike traditional libraries with fixed buildings and opening hours, it can 1 (put) up easily in public squares, school campuses or even shopping malls 2 books within easy reach of people’s daily lives. Its greatest meaning consists in breaking the barriers of traditional reading and 3 (make) reading a casual part of life. For example, a small pop-up library 4 (locate) in a busy London street has drawn hundreds of passers-by since it was opened last year. 5 (local) stop by, grab a book on the shelf and read. In a Beijing primary school, the pop-up library by the playground lets students 6 (exchange) books during breaks, filling the whole campus with 7 lively reading atmosphere. Most pop-up libraries follow a “take one, leave one” rule, which has won wide 8 (recognize) from the public, as it turns idle books into valuable treasures and encourages the circulation of books. These temporary libraries save resources and build a close reading community. They prove 9 reading needs is not a fixed place but a willing heart. By bringing books out of closed spaces, they turn public areas into warm reading corners and make the joy of reading 10 (access) to everyone. 【答案】 1．be put 2．with 3．making 4．located 5．Locals 6．exchange 7．a 8．recognition 9．what 10．accessible 【解析】本文介绍了快闪图书馆这种临时阅读空间，对比传统图书馆，阐述其灵活搭建、打破阅读壁垒的优势，列举伦敦、北京实例，并点明节约资源、普及阅读乐趣的深层价值。 1．考查动词语态。句意：不同于有着固定建筑和开放时间的传统图书馆，它能轻易搭建在公共广场、校园甚至商场，让书籍贴近人们的日常生活。it指代pop-up library，与put up是动宾关系，情态动词can后接be done，此空是be put。 2．考查介词。句意：同上。此处是“with+宾语+宾补”的复合结构，作状语，表示场馆附带书籍、方便民众阅读，此空是with。 3．考查非谓语动词。句意：它最大的意义在于打破传统阅读的壁垒，让阅读成为生活中随性的一部分。介词in后跟动名词making，作宾语，此空是making。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：例如，一家坐落在伦敦繁忙街道的小型快闪图书馆自去年开业以来吸引了数百路人。句子已有谓语“has drawn”，此空是非谓语。library与locate是动宾关系，此空是过去分词located，作后置定语，意为“坐落于”。 5．考查名词。句意：当地人顺路停下，从书架拿书阅读。根据“stop by”可知，此空是名词复数Locals，作主语，意为“当地居民”。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：北京一所小学操场旁的快闪图书馆允许学生课间交换书籍，让整个校园充满浓厚鲜活的阅读氛围。let sb. do sth.是固定搭配，此空是exchange，作宾补，意为“交换”。 7．考查冠词。句意：同上。atmosphere是可数名词单数，此处泛指“一种氛围”，lively以辅音音素开头，此空是不定冠词a。 8．考查名词。句意：大多数快闪图书馆遵循“带走一本，留下一本”的规则，这赢得了大众广泛认可，因为它把闲置的书籍变成了宝贵的宝藏，并鼓励书籍的流通。根据“has won”可知，此空是不可数名词recognition，作宾语，意为“认可”。 9．考查名词性从句。句意：它们证明，阅读真正需要的东西从来不是固定场所，而是一颗愿意读书的心。They prove之外的部分是宾语成分，“____ reading needs”是宾语从句的主语，此空作needs的宾语，表达“阅读所需之物”，用what。 10．考查形容词。句意：通过将书籍带出封闭空间，它们把公共区域变为温暖阅读角，让所有人都能接触阅读的乐趣。此处是固定结构“make sth.+adj.”，此空是形容词accessible，作宾补，意为“可接触的”。 Passage 5 【新情境·北京——古老建筑和现代化发展结合】（2023·全国乙卷） Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 5 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 7 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8   (record) everything I discovered. The 9 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 【答案】 1．to 2．built 3．which/that 4．wonders 5．but 6．Having visited 7．was amazed 8．recording 9．remarkable 10．means 【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了北京这座城市的古老建筑和现代化发展之间的独特结合，同时探讨了城市如何在不断发展的同时保护其丰富的遗产。作者作为一名摄影师，记录了这座城市的变化，并表示将来还会继续拍摄北京的风貌。 1．考查介词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，从狭窄的胡同到皇家宫殿，它拥有3000多年的辉煌历史，甚至从它的布局来看，这座城市一直保持着精心建造的环城道路系统。根据上文的“From Buddhist temples to museums”可知，空处和上文保持一致，表示“从……到……”，用介词to。故填to。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：从佛教寺庙到博物馆，狭窄的胡同和皇家宫殿，它是3000多年辉煌历史的家园，即使是在它的布局上，这座城市也保持着精心建造的环城公路系统。这里为非谓语动词担当定语，表示“精心建造的……”，和被修饰词“system of ring roads”之间为被动关系，用过去分词。故填built。 3．考查定语从句。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。这里为定语从句的关系代词，先行词为“a place”，在定语从句中担当主语，所以用关系代词which或that引导。故填which/that。 4．考查名词。句意：但是，除了古建筑，北京也是一个欢迎现代生活快节奏发展的地方，21世纪的建筑奇迹与过去的历史建筑并存。分析句子成分可知，空处为名词形式；根据下文的“historical buildings of the past”可知，空处为名词的复数形式。故填wonders。 5．考查连词。句意：但不知何故，这两个截然不同的世界却很好地结合在了一起。空前“It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work,”和空后“somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination.”之间存在转折关系，用but。故填but。 6．考查非谓语动词。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为非谓语动词担当状语，和主句主语“I”之间为主动关系；根据时间状语“over the last 10 years”可知，用完成时态，由此推断，空处用现在分词的完成时态。置于句首，首字母大写。故填Having visited。 7．考查时态和语态。句意：在过去的10年里，我多次访问北京，我惊讶于这里的新旧共存，惊讶于一个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词，根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知，本句用一般过去时；主语I和动词amaze之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 8．考查非谓语动词。句意：作为一名摄影师，我花了两年时间记录我发现的一切。spend time (in) doing sth.花费时间做某事。这里为非谓语动词担当宾语，用动名词形式。故填recording。 9．考查形容词。句意：这个城市的显著发展，是有意识地在保护过去的同时步入现代世界，这意味着这里总是有新的东西可以发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。分析句子成分可知，空处为形容词修饰名词“development of this city”。故填remarkable。 10．考查时态。句意：这座城市的显著发展，在有意识地保护过去的同时步入现代世界，意味着这里总是有新的东西等待发现，我可以在接下来的50年里一直拍摄北京。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“development”，单数，所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 真题·实战演练 高频考点：独立主格结构名词/主格代词+现在分词，考查名词/主格代词+过去分词，名词/主格代词+不定式，名词/主格代词+形容词/副词，名词/主格代词+介词（短语），名词/主格代词+名词，with的复合结构 1. (2019江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ______________(recognize) its role in international affairs. 【答案】recognizing。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法。句意：随着越来越多国家承认其在国际事务中发挥的作用，中国形象在稳定提升。这是with sb doing用法，用现在分词强调主动行为。故填recognizing。 2. (2014江苏卷) _______ no hope for cure and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. 【答案】With。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法的。题干中后半句提到“病人向医生寻求帮助以结束她的生命”，说明病人已经对治疗失去了希望。根据句意，需要选择一个表示“没有治疗希望”的选项。“With no hope for cure”是with引导的介词短语，表示“没有治疗的希望”，符合语境。故填With。 3. (2012全国卷)It was a pity that the great writer died ________ his works unfinished． 【答案】With。 【解析】本题考查with复合结构。题干中“It was a pity that the great writer died ________ his works unfinished”表示“这位伟大的作家死了，他的作品没有完成，这真遗憾”。这里需要选用一个介词与“his works unfinished”构成with复合结构，表示“带着未完成的作品”的意思。故填With。 4. (2012全国卷)The murder was brought in, with his hands ________(tie) behind． 【答案】tied。 【解析】本题考查with复合结构。句意：谋杀者手绑在身后被带进来。这里需要选用with sth done构成with复合结构，强调被动动作。故填tied。 5. (2010全国卷)–Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. --- Sorry. With so much work _________(fill) my mind, I almost break down. 【答案】filling。 【解析】本题考查非谓语动词。题干中“with so much work _______ my mind”是一个with引导的复合结构，其中“so much work”是宾语，“_______ my mind”是宾语补足语。由于“so much work”与“fill”之间是主动关系，即“工作”是“填满”我的脑海的，所以应使用现在分词形式。故填filling。 6. (2007重庆卷)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons __________(prepare) for the day. 【答案】finished。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法。后半部分是“with their lessons _____for the day”的省略，强调宾语their lessons与finish之间的被动关系。 7. (2005上海卷) ---You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith . ---Yes, I know. But how could I ______the meeting date fixed so soon . 【答案】with。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法。只有with符合构成复合结构，用作表示原因的状语，代词I之后省略了动词prepare。句意是：因为会议日期确定的太快了，我还没有准备好。 8.(2004全国卷) ________two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend. 【答案】With。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法。从句子的结构看这里必须要填一个介词，而不能填连词， with才符合构成“ with + n / pron + to do ”结构。句意是：由于担心这两门考试，本周末我得真的用功了。故填With。 9. (2002上海春)With a lot of difficult problems (settle) , the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 【答案】to settle。 【解析】考查介词with复合结构用法。首先“总统解决问题”是一个主动行为，其次该动作尚未发生，故应用不定式作宾语补足语。 10.(2000全国卷) _________ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year. 【答案】With。 【解析】本题考查介词with的复合结构“with + n / pron + prep. phrase”的用法。在这里应用with，意思是“因为、由于”。 句意是：由于生产（产品）上升了60% ，这家公司又有了一个辉煌年。故填With。 6 / 24网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题28 独立主格结构 目 录 模拟·基础演练 1 重难·创新演练 7 真题·实战演练 13 模拟·基础演练 考查重点：独立主格结构名词/主格代词+现在分词，考查名词/主格代词+过去分词，名词/主格代词+不定式，名词/主格代词+形容词/副词，名词/主格代词+介词（短语），名词/主格代词+名词，with的复合结构 单句语法填空 考向01 考查名词/主格代词+现在分词 1．The moon rose from the valley, the whole mountain (bathe) itself in mysterious moonlight. 2．The weather (be) fine, they decided to go out for a walk. 3．Time (permit), I sincerely hope that you can appreciate the musical performance to be held in the school hall next Saturday. 4．I was amazed at the wild beauty of the desert I had never seen before, the colours of the dunes (contrast) strikingly with the blue of the cloudless sky. 5．Then there was an explosion of bright colors and lively music, the crowd (jump) into action. 考向02考查名词/主格代词+过去分词 1．Face (cover) in sweat, he might be walking through the field, carefully checking his crops before deciding what needs to be done. 2．My son went out to play football, his lessons (finish) for the day. 3．The problem (solve), the team members finally got some rest after days of hard work. 4．Standing there in the doorway, she stared at the strange figure, her entire body (freeze) with shock, unable to even scream. 25．His bag (grab) by a thief, he shouted loudly and ran after the man. 考向03考查名词/主格代词+不定式 1．The four of us agreed on a division of labor just now, each (translate) a quarter of the book. 2．Lots of homework (do), I have to stay at home all day. 3．With so many different forms of poetry ( choose) from, you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! 4．She felt anxious, with many details (confirm) before the project launch. 5．With a lot of tasks (complete) in two days, we have to work extra hours these days. 重难·创新演练 设题创新: 童年趣事(T1) 秭归县的“小狗山”(T2); 英式下午茶(T3);快闪图书馆(T4)；北京——古老建筑和现代化发展结合(T5) 一、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【新情境】A professional expert (offer) guidance, the staff quickly mastered the new product distribution process. 2．【新考法】A large number of orders (accumulate), the factory hired extra workers to handle purchases and distributions. 3．【新考法】Weather (permit), we shall have an organized trip to the local forests to search for the herbs that our teacher has asked us to prepare. 4．【新情境】The protesters flooded the square, their numbers (multiply) by the minute like raindrops merging into a downpour. 5.【新情境】A blue river rushed beside us, matching our speed, its power (remind) me how rarely I feel nature’s strength in the city. 6．【新情境】In that distant continent, trees are extremely tall, some (measure) over 90 meters in height. 7.【新情境】There (be) nothing else to do, we left. 8．【新角度】Everything (take) into consideration, his work is well done. 9.【新情境·】By the time we arrived, the concert had already started, the band (rank) first on the music charts. 10．【新情境】The street musician played the violin, a young pianist (accompany) him with simple chords. 11.【新考法】The writer eagerly opened the response from a publisher, his heart (sink) when he reached that final sentence. 12．【新情境】He added that it is affecting everything from bacteria to mammals, humans (include). 13.【新情境】As the sun began to rise, casting a golden hue on the park’s traditional architecture, the volunteers gathered at the Zhuzi Cultural Park Square, their red and blue vests (contrast) vividly with the lush green mountains for the opening ceremony. 14.【新考法】John collected a lot of ancient coins, most of dating back to the Ming Dynasty. 15.【新情境】With something important   (talk) about with you, you must stay here. 16.【新情境】With a lot of money his command, he traveled around the world freely. 17.【新情境】With a lot of work (do), I have to cancel the plan of traveling this weekend. 二、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Passage 1 【新情境·童年趣事】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026年1月浙江卷） There are few people who could find joy in waiting for a microwave (微波炉) 1 (finish) heating, but my mum did it. One of my earliest memories is being held 2 her arms, counting down the flashing green 3 (number) together. Mum is small, but I remember feeling so high up there. She would dance us left and right around the kitchen, our eyes 4 (watch) the microwave like it was a space rocket countdown, 5 (excite) and tension building to that final moment: BEEP! The microwave had a loud alarm, but we overshadowed that noise with our own performance, tipping our heads back and shouting into the air-a scream 6 always ended in laughter. My mum would find fun even when completing the most boring of tasks. I remember 7 (push) in a supermarket trolley (手推车) over 8 uneven car park ground like riding a rollercoaster. She would speed up, the wind blowing our hair back 9 my tiny voice singing out, “Weeee-eee-eee!” I realise now that Mum didn’t find the joy in these tasks: she created it. Who cares if neighbours can hear you singing along to a microwave? Life is full of so many 10 (seeming) uneventful moments, but we can turn any of them into a celebration. Passage 2 【新情境·秭归县的“小狗山”】阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（2026河南信阳开学考试） A mountain in Zigui county, Yichang, Hubei province, has turned into an unexpected online hit. Owing 1 its unique karst landscape (喀斯特地貌) it remarkably looks like a cute dog lying on its stomach, which 2   (draw) millions of views on various social media platforms so far. “Puppy Mountain”, 3 (locate) along the Yangtze River, was first detected in a photo by a Shanghai designer surnamed Guo, during the Spring Festival. Guo, 4 has a sharp eye for spotting extraordinary scenes, shared it with great 5 (enthusiastic). Instantly, the image gained rapid popularity, gathering as many as 123,000 likes within just 10 days. Netizens (网民) from all corners of the world were amazed by 6 (it) strikingly strong likeness to a real dog. This unique sight also caught widespread international attention, with numerous media eagerly 7 (cover) the story. However, local authorities have issued a timely warning that the area is not only remote but extremely steep, and it is still not 8 official scenic site yet. Thus, visitors are strongly recommended 9 (view) it safely from the observation platform on the opposite “Ox Liver and Horse Lung” Gorge. Geologically, an expert named Li Zhongdong said it was 10 (gradual) formed by long-term karst processes over countless years, which eventually created this special and rare karst landform. Passage 3 【新情境·英式下午茶】（2026·广东佛山市第一中学二模检测） The British have many traditions but there is nothing more quintessential (典型的) than taking afternoon tea. We know the British have a love affair with drinking tea, 1 more than 160 million cups drunk every day, but it was the invention of afternoon tea that turned tea-drinking into 2 popular pastime. This sociable feast involves drinking good quality tea 3 (comfort) while nibbling (小口吃) on nice sandwiches, scones with jam and cream and a selection of small cakes. And, of course, it can only happen in the afternoon!   Afternoon tea, 4 (design) as a light snack to bridge the gap between lunch and dinner, dates back to the 1840s.  It went on to become a 5 (fashion) social occasion for the upper classes. Now there is a resurgence (复苏) in its 6 (popular) in the UK and it is available to anyone who can afford it. 7 it can be enjoyed at home, the best way to experience it is at a smart hotel of café. But if you’re thinking of visiting such a place 8 (enjoy) a plate of sweet and tasty treats with a steaming hot brew, remember the rules you must follow to avoid 9 (ask) to leave. Writer Henry James once noted that “there are few hours in life more agreeable than the hour devoted to the ceremony known as afternoon tea”. I’m sure once you try it, you 10 (agree). Passage 4 【新情境·快闪图书馆】（2026·贵州中央民族大学附属中学贵阳学校第三次适应性考试） A pop-up library is a temporary reading space that has become a popular cultural trend in cities worldwide. Unlike traditional libraries with fixed buildings and opening hours, it can 1 (put) up easily in public squares, school campuses or even shopping malls 2 books within easy reach of people’s daily lives. Its greatest meaning consists in breaking the barriers of traditional reading and 3 (make) reading a casual part of life. For example, a small pop-up library 4 (locate) in a busy London street has drawn hundreds of passers-by since it was opened last year. 5 (local) stop by, grab a book on the shelf and read. In a Beijing primary school, the pop-up library by the playground lets students 6 (exchange) books during breaks, filling the whole campus with 7 lively reading atmosphere. Most pop-up libraries follow a “take one, leave one” rule, which has won wide 8 (recognize) from the public, as it turns idle books into valuable treasures and encourages the circulation of books. These temporary libraries save resources and build a close reading community. They prove 9 reading needs is not a fixed place but a willing heart. By bringing books out of closed spaces, they turn public areas into warm reading corners and make the joy of reading 10 (access) to everyone. Passage 5 【新情境·北京——古老建筑和现代化发展结合】（2023·全国乙卷） Beijing is a city bridging the ancient and the modern. From Buddhist temples to museums, narrow hutong 1 royal palaces, it is home to more than 3,000 years of glorious history even down to its layout, with the city keeping its carefully 2 (build) system of ring roads. But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place 3 welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life, with 21st-century architectural 4 (wonder) standing side by side with historical buildings of the past. It is a distinct visual contrast (反差) that shouldn’t work, 5 somehow these two very different worlds make a good combination. 6 (visit) several times over the last 10 years, I 7 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. As a photographer, I have spent the last two years 8   (record) everything I discovered. The 9 (remark) development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, 10 (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. 真题·实战演练 高频考点：独立主格结构名词/主格代词+现在分词，考查名词/主格代词+过去分词，名词/主格代词+不定式，名词/主格代词+形容词/副词，名词/主格代词+介词（短语），名词/主格代词+名词，with的复合结构 1. (2019江苏卷)China’s image is improving steadily, with more countries ______________(recognize) its role in international affairs. 2. (2014江苏卷) _______ no hope for cure and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease, the patient sought her doctor’s help to end her life. 3. (2012全国卷)It was a pity that the great writer died ________ his works unfinished． 4. (2012全国卷)The murder was brought in, with his hands ________(tie) behind． 5. (2010全国卷)–Come on, please give me some ideas about the project. --- Sorry. With so much work _________(fill) my mind, I almost break down. 6. (2007重庆卷)The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons __________(prepare) for the day. 7. (2005上海卷) ---You should have prepared your speech for the meeting , Mrs Smith . ---Yes, I know. But how could I ______the meeting date fixed so soon . 8.(2004全国卷) ________two exams to worry about , I have to work really hard this weekend. 9. (2002上海春)With a lot of difficult problems (settle) , the newly-elected president is having a hard time. 10.(2000全国卷) _________ production up by 60 % , the company has had another excellent year. 6 / 24网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $