13练-2026年【暑假分层作业】 人教版必修三Unit2-夯实基础+能力提升

**基本信息** 本同步练以“基础巩固-能力提升”为梯度，通过词汇、句式、语法到语篇的递进设计，系统强化Unit 2核心知识，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升，适配高中英语暑假分层复习需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |基础层（词汇/短语句式/语法）|词形转换、固定搭配、语法规则（如分词作状语）|词汇过关通过“名词-动词-形容词”派生训练夯实语言基础；语法题聚焦单元核心语法点，强化语言能力| |提升层（语法填空/完形/阅读）|语篇语法应用、语境词汇运用、信息获取与推理|语法填空以郑和下西洋语篇融合语法与文化意识；完形填空通过海滩清理情境培养思维品质；阅读聚焦校园项目，提升综合理解能力|

第13练 Unit 2 Morals And Virtues (原卷版） 1. 【词汇过关】 1．________n. 结婚; 婚姻→________vi. & vt. (和某人) 结婚; 嫁; 娶→________adj. 已婚的; 婚姻的 2．________n. 大部分; 大多数→________adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 专业→________n. 少数 3．________ vt. 回答; 回复 vi. 做出反应; 回应→________n. 反应; 回答; 回复 4．________vt. 拒绝接受; 不录用→________n. 拒绝接受; 否决 5．________vt. 任命; 委派→________n. 约定; 任命→________adj. 约定的; 指定的 6．________ vt. 惊吓; 使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的; 对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→________adj. 恐怖的; 可怕的 7．________adj. (增长、下跌等) 急剧的; 锋利的; 明显的→________vi. & vt. (使) 变得锋利; 使尖锐→________n. 磨具; 削具 8．________adj. 精力充沛的; 充满活力的→________ n. 能量; 精力 9．→________n. 手术; 企业; 经营→________v. 操作; 经营→________n. 操作员; 接线员 10．________vt. 帮助; 援助→________n. 帮助; 协助→________n. 助手; 助理; 售货员 11．________n. 记忆力; 回忆→________n. 纪念碑; 纪念品→________vt. 记住; 记忆 12．________n. 事故; 车祸; 失事→________adj. 意外的; 偶然的→________adv. 偶然地 2. 【短语和句式过关】 13．Now think of some more questions to ask people (申请) these jobs. 14．The news _________________________ (正在传播) is surprising to all of us. 15．The careless driver was caught on camera __________ (闯红灯) at a busy intersection, causing a near-miss accident with a pedestrian who was crossing legally. 16．The two media can work together to give rise to new forms of art, _____________ (结合它们的优势) to create something that can become larger than the sum of their parts 17．典型句式 现在分词（短语）作状语 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, ________________ (在春天的阳光下闪闪发光) . 18．____________________ (听着雨轻轻敲打窗户的声音), he felt all his anxiety drain away with each drop 3. 【语法过关】 19．To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy). 20．It is decorated with panda models mounted on the walls, (invite) visitors to step inside. 21．... because it’s one of the most bio-diverse countries in the world, (possess) over 1,700 species of orchids. 22．Chinese literature took center stage at the London Book Fair on March 11, (demonstrate) active literary and publishing exchanges between China and the United Kingdom. 23．Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist climate early in its history, (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial life. 24．Football has become deeply integrated with each region’s local characteristics, (bring) unique cultures into the spotlight. 25．To lose weight, he decides (reject) junk food and keep healthy eating habits. 26．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. 27．Meanwhile , with my horse getting frightened, (jump) up, and running around wildly, I held the rope tightly in case I might fall off the horse. 28．I heard him (sing) an English song when I passed his room. 4、【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China’s greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage. A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, 29 was a splendid scene. According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, 30 (demonstrate) the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships. Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. His ships 31 (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits 32 more than 30 countries and regions. As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, kept logs of their voyages 33 charted the coast. Later the detailed maps became Zheng He’s Navigation Map. Zheng He’s seven voyages had 34 far-reaching impact on China and its neighbors. His efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese 35 (understand) overseas lands profoundly. For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as 36 (legend). The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing, where the fleet had been built. Zheng He’s accomplishments are now 37 (wide) acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China’s most 38   (influence) explorers. 5. 【完形填空过关】 On a bright Saturday morning, I took part in a volunteer beach cleanup at Jawbone Marine Sanctuary. I joined in the activity 39 because my friend invited me, rather than having a real 40 for ocean protection. At first sight, the broad beach seemed neat and clean. Yet as we 41 along the shore, we discovered all kinds of 42 . Countless plastic pieces lay hidden under seashells, and 43 shoes and old tyres were half-buried in the sand dunes. I worked slowly at the beginning, feeling 44 and hoping to finish early. Everything changed when I 45 a sea turtle shell trapped inside a plastic bag. I couldn’t stop thinking about how many sea animals 46 plastic for food or get caught in such rubbish. Deeply touched, I 47 myself into the work wholeheartedly. By mid-morning, our team had 48 more than 180 kilograms of litter in total. Looking at the huge pile of waste, I felt ashamed of people’s careless acts. Meanwhile, I felt proud that we had made a small 49 . I came to realize that cleaning beaches is more than just clearing away rubbish. It is an act of 50 for the planet we all share. This meaningful experience 51 my way of thinking. I used to believe one person could hardly have any impact. Now I understand that small efforts can 52 great changes. From then on, I formed a good habit. I always carry 53 bags and never litter. I will keep doing my best to protect the marine environment. 39．A．namely B．nearly C．simply D．hardly 40．A．request B．passion C．preference D．courage 41．A．rushed B．stormed C．walked D．sailed 42．A．treasures B．goods C．plastics D．waste 43．A．worn B．burned C．decorated D．cheap 44．A．nervous B．surprised C．bored D．relaxed 45．A．searched B．spotted C．examined D．observed 46．A．prepare B．select C．exchange D．mistake 47．A．got B．turned C．threw D．devoted 48．A．collected B．picked C．sorted D．moved 49．A．difference B．point C．deal D．wish 50．A．waiting B．caring C．hoping D．asking 51．A．balanced B．controlled C．transformed D．fixed 52．A．come down to B．add up to C．result from D．rely on 53．A．available B．common C．cheap D．Reusable 6. 【阅读能力提升】 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 54．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She owns a fast food restaurant. D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 55．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids’ parents distrusted her. B．Students had little time for her classes. C．Some kids disliked garden work. D．There was no space for school gardens. 56．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable. 57．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 第13练 Unit 2 Morals And Virtues (解析版） 1. 【词汇过关】 1．________n. 结婚; 婚姻→________vi. & vt. (和某人) 结婚; 嫁; 娶→________adj. 已婚的; 婚姻的 2．________n. 大部分; 大多数→________adj. 主要的 vi. 主修 n. 专业→________n. 少数 3．________ vt. 回答; 回复 vi. 做出反应; 回应→________n. 反应; 回答; 回复 4．________vt. 拒绝接受; 不录用→________n. 拒绝接受; 否决 5．________vt. 任命; 委派→________n. 约定; 任命→________adj. 约定的; 指定的 6．________ vt. 惊吓; 使害怕 vi. 受惊吓→________ adj. 害怕的; 对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→________adj. 恐怖的; 可怕的 7．________adj. (增长、下跌等) 急剧的; 锋利的; 明显的→________vi. & vt. (使) 变得锋利; 使尖锐→________n. 磨具; 削具 8．________adj. 精力充沛的; 充满活力的→________ n. 能量; 精力 9．→________n. 手术; 企业; 经营→________v. 操作; 经营→________n. 操作员; 接线员 10．________vt. 帮助; 援助→________n. 帮助; 协助→________n. 助手; 助理; 售货员 11．________n. 记忆力; 回忆→________n. 纪念碑; 纪念品→________vt. 记住; 记忆 12．________n. 事故; 车祸; 失事→________adj. 意外的; 偶然的→________adv. 偶然地 【答案】 1． marriage marry married 2． majority major minority 3． respond response 4． reject rejection 5． appoint appointment appointed 6． scare scared scary 7． sharp sharpen sharpener 8． energetic energy 9． operation operate operator 10． assist assistance assistant 11． memory memorial memorize 12． accident accidental accidentally 【解析】略 2. 【短语和句式过关】 13．Now think of some more questions to ask people (申请) these jobs. 【答案】applying for 【详解】句意：现在再想一些可以问申请这些工作的人的问题。“申请”是固定短语apply for，空格处用非谓语动词，people和apply之间是主谓关系，因此用现在分词表主动，作后置定语。 14．The news _________________________ (正在传播) is surprising to all of us. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】being spread 【详解】 句意：正在传播的这条消息令我们所有人惊讶。news与spread为被动关系，且动作正在进行，用being done结构作后置定语。 15．The careless driver was caught on camera __________ (闯红灯) at a busy intersection, causing a near-miss accident with a pedestrian who was crossing legally. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】running a red light 【详解】句意：这名粗心的司机被拍到在繁忙的十字路口闯红灯，引发了一起险发事故，差点撞到正常合规过马路的行人。“闯红灯”用动词短语run a red light，作主语补足语，用非谓语形式，与其逻辑主语driver之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。 16．The two media can work together to give rise to new forms of art, _____________ (结合它们的优势) to create something that can become larger than the sum of their parts (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】combining their advantages 【详解】句意：这两种媒介可以相互协作，创造出新的艺术形式，结合各自的优点，产生出超越部分之和的全新作品。根据汉语提示可知短语为combine their advantages，与The two media构成主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。 17．典型句式 现在分词（短语）作状语 教材原句 Imagine mountains wrapped in silver water, ________________ (在春天的阳光下闪闪发光) . (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】shining in the spring sun 【详解】句意：试想群山被银白色的湖水环绕，在春日暖阳下熠熠生辉。“闪闪发光”为shine，“在春天的阳光下”为in the spring sun，句子中有谓语，前后没有连词，此处应用非谓语动词作状语，逻辑主语为mountains，二者之间是主动关系，应用现在分词形式。 18．____________________ (听着雨轻轻敲打窗户的声音), he felt all his anxiety drain away with each drop. (根据汉语提示完成句子) 【答案】Listening to the rain gently beating against the window 【详解】句意：听着雨轻轻敲打窗户的声音，他感到所有的焦虑都随着雨滴一点点消散了。“听……”用listen to，和主语he为逻辑主动关系，用现在分词作状语，“雨轻轻敲打窗户”用rain gently beat against the window，beat和rain为主动关系，其表示动作正在进行，应用现在分词，作宾补。 3. 【语法过关】 19．To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to strengthen your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it’s always (energy). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】energetic 【详解】句意：为避免膝盖疼痛，你可以在柔软的地面跑步、做锻炼来强化腿部肌肉、避开坡路并穿上合适的跑鞋。跑步花销低、简单易行，而且它总能让人精力充沛。空处作表语，提示词的形容词形式energetic“精力充沛的”符合题意。 20．It is decorated with panda models mounted on the walls, (invite) visitors to step inside. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】inviting 【详解】句意：墙上装饰着熊猫模型，吸引游客入内参观。句子谓语动词是is decorated，空处需用非谓语动词；表示前面句子带来的自然而然的结果，应用现在分词inviting作结果状语。 21．... because it’s one of the most bio-diverse countries in the world, (possess) over 1,700 species of orchids. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】possessing 【详解】句意：……因为它是全球生物多样性最丰富的国家之一，拥有1700多种兰花。本句谓语为is，本空作状语，主语it与possess“拥有”是主动关系，应用现在分词。 22．Chinese literature took center stage at the London Book Fair on March 11, (demonstrate) active literary and publishing exchanges between China and the United Kingdom. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】demonstrating 【详解】句意：3月11日，中国文学在伦敦书展占据核心位置，展现了中英两国活跃的文学与出版交流。本句谓语动词为took，空格处作伴随状语，主语Chinese literature与demonstrate“展示、体现”是主动关系，应用现在分词。 23．Research suggests that Mars once had a thick atmosphere and a warm, moist climate early in its history, (make) it suitable for the emergence and development of microbial life. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】making 【详解】句意：研究表明，火星在其历史早期曾拥有浓厚的大气层和温暖、湿润的气候，这使得它适合微生物生命的出现和发展。此处作结果状语，make(使变得，使处于)用非谓语动词形式，且与其逻辑主语(前面整个句子所述事实)之间是主动关系，应用现在分词表主动，表示自然而然产生的结果。 24．Football has become deeply integrated with each region’s local characteristics, (bring) unique cultures into the spotlight. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】bringing 【详解】句意：足球已经与各个地区的本土特色深度融合，将独特文化带入大众视野。本句谓语为has become，空格作结果状语，主语Football与bring是主动关系，应用现在分词bringing。 25．To lose weight, he decides (reject) junk food and keep healthy eating habits. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】to reject 【详解】句意：为了减肥，他决定拒绝垃圾食品并保持健康的饮食习惯。此处考查固定搭配decide to do sth.，表“决定做某事”，空格处需用动词不定式to reject作宾语。 26．She (whisper) to her desk-mate quietly in class when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】was whispering 【详解】句意：她上课正小声和同桌窃窃私语，这时老师突然转身直视她们。此处为句型sb. be doing sth. when...，结合后文when the teacher suddenly turned around and looked straight at them可知为过去进行时，谓语用单数。 27．Meanwhile , with my horse getting frightened, (jump) up, and running around wildly, I held the rope tightly in case I might fall off the horse. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】jumping 【详解】句意：与此同时，我的马受到惊吓，跳起来并疯狂地四处乱跑，我紧紧抓住缰绳以防从马上摔下来。本句是“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”的复合结构，在句中作状语。my horse与jump up是主动关系，所以用现在分词形式jumping作宾语补足语。 28．I heard him (sing) an English song when I passed his room. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】singing 【详解】句意：我经过他房间时听见他正在唱一首英文歌。 hear sb. doing sth.固定搭配，意为“听见某人正在做某事”，强调路过那一刻动作正在发生。 4、【语法填空能力提升】 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In the summer of 1405, Zheng He, one of China’s greatest explorers, set sail from Taicang on his first voyage. A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board, 29 was a splendid scene. According to some records, the largest ships were over 140 metres in length, 30 (demonstrate) the advanced technology and special skills used in constructing ships. Between 1405 and 1433, on behalf of the Ming Dynasty, Zheng He made a total of seven voyages. His ships 31 (load) with china, silk, tea and other treasures as gifts for foreign rulers, and the fleet paid friendly visits 32 more than 30 countries and regions. As they sailed, the navigators took compass readings, kept logs of their voyages 33 charted the coast. Later the detailed maps became Zheng He’s Navigation Map. Zheng He’s seven voyages had 34 far-reaching impact on China and its neighbors. His efforts helped develop and strengthen harmonious relations with these countries and regions, exposing foreign people to Chinese culture, and allowing the Chinese 35 (understand) overseas lands profoundly. For many years, some historians dismissed the records of these voyages as 36 (legend). The final proof came when an enormous shipyard was discovered in Nanjing, where the fleet had been built. Zheng He’s accomplishments are now 37 (wide) acknowledged, and he is remembered as one of China’s most 38   (influence) explorers. 【答案】 29．which 30．demonstrating 31．were loaded 32．to 33．and 34．a 35．to understand 36．legends 37．widely 38．influential 【导语】主要介绍了中国伟大航海家郑和的航海事迹。讲述了他首次航海的规模，七次航海的时间、目的及带来的影响，还提及航海记录曾被质疑，最终因造船厂的发现得以证实，郑和的成就如今也得到广泛认可。 【详解】29．考查定语从句。句意：一支由200多艘船组成的舰队在蓝色的海洋上航行，船上有近28000人，场面十分壮观。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子“A fleet of over 200 ships navigated the blue seas, with almost 28,000 people on board”，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which。 30．考查非谓语动词。句意：根据一些记录，最大的船长度超过140米，展示了建造船舶时使用的先进技术和特殊技能。分析句子结构，此处为非谓语动词作状语，demonstrate与“最大的船长度超过140米”这件事之间是主动关系，所以用现在分词demonstrating。 31．考查动词时态和语态。句意：他的船上装载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他珍宝，作为送给外国统治者的礼物，舰队对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。根据上下文可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时，且ships与load之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语ships是复数，所以用were loaded。 32．考查固定搭配。句意：他的船上装载着瓷器、丝绸、茶叶和其他珍宝，作为送给外国统治者的礼物，舰队对30多个国家和地区进行了友好访问。pay a visit to...为固定搭配，意为“对……进行访问”，所以此处用介词to。 33．考查连词。句意：在航行过程中，航海者们读取指南针读数，记录航行日志并绘制海岸地图。“took compass readings”“kept logs of their voyages”和“charted the coast”是并列关系，所以用and连接。 34．考查冠词。句意：郑和的七次航行对中国及其邻国产生了深远的影响。have an/ a...impact on...为固定短语，意为“对……有……影响”，far-reaching是以辅音音素开头的单词，所以用不定冠词a。 35．考查非谓语动词。句意：他的努力有助于发展和加强与这些国家和地区的和谐关系，让外国人民接触到中国文化，也让中国人深刻了解海外土地。allow sb. to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“允许某人做某事”，所以此处用动词不定式to understand。 36．考查名词复数。句意：多年来，一些历史学家认为这些航行记录是传说。legend作“传说”讲时是可数名词，根据语境，此处应用复数形式legends。 37．考查副词。句意：郑和的成就现在得到了广泛认可，他被认为是中国最有影响力的探险家之一。此处修饰动词acknowledged，应用副词widely，意为“广泛地”。 38．考查形容词。句意：郑和的成就现在得到了广泛认可，他被认为是中国最有影响力的探险家之一。此处修饰名词explorers，应用形容词influential，意为“有影响力的”。 5、【完形填空过关】On a bright Saturday morning, I took part in a volunteer beach cleanup at Jawbone Marine Sanctuary. I joined in the activity 39 because my friend invited me, rather than having a real 40 for ocean protection. At first sight, the broad beach seemed neat and clean. Yet as we 41 along the shore, we discovered all kinds of 42 . Countless plastic pieces lay hidden under seashells, and 43 shoes and old tyres were half-buried in the sand dunes. I worked slowly at the beginning, feeling 44 and hoping to finish early. Everything changed when I 45 a sea turtle shell trapped inside a plastic bag. I couldn’t stop thinking about how many sea animals 46 plastic for food or get caught in such rubbish. Deeply touched, I 47 myself into the work wholeheartedly. By mid-morning, our team had 48 more than 180 kilograms of litter in total. Looking at the huge pile of waste, I felt ashamed of people’s careless acts. Meanwhile, I felt proud that we had made a small 49 . I came to realize that cleaning beaches is more than just clearing away rubbish. It is an act of 50 for the planet we all share. This meaningful experience 51 my way of thinking. I used to believe one person could hardly have any impact. Now I understand that small efforts can 52 great changes. From then on, I formed a good habit. I always carry 53 bags and never litter. I will keep doing my best to protect the marine environment. 39．A．namely B．nearly C．simply D．hardly 40．A．request B．passion C．preference D．courage 41．A．rushed B．stormed C．walked D．sailed 42．A．treasures B．goods C．plastics D．waste 43．A．worn B．burned C．decorated D．cheap 44．A．nervous B．surprised C．bored D．relaxed 45．A．searched B．spotted C．examined D．observed 46．A．prepare B．select C．exchange D．mistake 47．A．got B．turned C．threw D．devoted 48．A．collected B．picked C．sorted D．moved 49．A．difference B．point C．deal D．wish 50．A．waiting B．caring C．hoping D．asking 51．A．balanced B．controlled C．transformed D．fixed 52．A．come down to B．add up to C．result from D．rely on 53．A．available B．common C．cheap D．reusable 【答案】 39．C 40．B 41．C 42．D 43．A 44．C 45．B 46．D 47．C 48．A 49．A 50．B 51．C 52．B 53．D 【导语】文章通过叙述作者从被动参与海滩清理到主动投身环保的转变过程，说明亲身经历和亲眼所见能激发人的环保意识，而每个人的小小行动都能为保护地球带来积极改变。 【详解】39．考查副词。句意：我加入这个活动仅仅是因为朋友的邀请，而不是对保护海洋有着真正的热情。A. namely也就是；B. nearly几乎，差不多；C. simply仅仅，只是；D. hardly几乎不。根据后文“rather than having a real for ocean protection.”可知，作者参加这个活动仅仅是因为朋友的邀请。 40．考查名词。句意同上。A. request请求；B. passion热情，热爱；C. preference偏爱；D. courage勇气。根据后文“I worked slowly at the beginning”推测，作者参加这个活动不是因为对保护海洋的热情。 41．考查动词。句意：然而当我们沿着海岸行走时，我们发现了各种各样的废弃物。A. rushed冲；B. stormed突袭，猛冲；C. walked行走；D. sailed航行。根据后文“we discovered all kinds of . Countless plastic pieces lay hidden under seashells, and shoes and old tyres were half-buried in the sand dunes.”可知，他们发现了很多废弃物，因此他们是沿着海岸行走时发现的。 42．考查名词。句意同上。A. treasures珍宝；B. goods商品；C. plastics塑料制品；D. waste废弃物。根据后文“Countless plastic pieces lay hidden under seashells, and shoes and old tyres were half-buried in the sand dunes.”可知，后文具体提到了塑料碎片、鞋子、旧轮胎等，这些都是废弃物。 43．考查形容词。句意：无数的塑料碎片藏在贝壳下，破旧的鞋子和旧轮胎半埋在沙丘中。A. worn穿旧的，磨破的；B. burned烧焦的；C. decorated装饰过的；D. cheap便宜的。此处与“old tyres”并列，描述被遗弃的垃圾，故此处指破旧鞋子。 44．考查形容词。句意：刚开始我干得很慢，感到无聊并希望早点结束。A. nervous紧张的；B. surprised惊讶的；C. bored无聊的；D. relaxed放松的。根据后文“and hoping to finish early”可知，作者想早点结束，因此是觉得很无聊。 45．考查动词。句意：当我发现一个海龟壳被困在塑料袋里时，一切都变了。A. searched搜索；B. spotted发现，认出；C. examined检查；D. observed观察。根据空后“a sea turtle shell trapped inside a plastic bag”可知，指作者发现了被困在塑料袋里的海龟壳，spot强调偶然看到或发现。 46．考查动词。句意：我忍不住想有多少海洋动物会把塑料误认为食物，或者被这样的垃圾缠住。A. prepare准备；B. select选择；C. exchange交换；D. mistake弄错，误认。根据后文“plastic for food”可知，此处指海洋动物将塑料误认为食物，mistake...for...意为“把……误认为……”。 47．考查动词。句意：深受触动后，我全身心地投入到工作中。A. got得到；B. turned转变；C. threw扔；D. devoted投入，奉献。根据前文“Deeply touched”可知，作者看到被困在塑料袋里的海龟壳后，深受触动，因此便全身心投入到工作中，throw oneself into意为“投身于”。 48．考查动词。句意：到上午中段，我们的团队总共收集了超过180公斤的垃圾。A. collected收集；B. picked捡起；C. sorted分类；D. moved移动。根据前文“I took part in a volunteer beach cleanup at Jawbone Marine Sanctuary.”可知，作者参加的是海滩清理活动，故此处为收集垃圾。 49．考查名词。句意：同时我感到自豪，因为我们产生了微小的影响。 A. difference差异，影响；B. point要点；C. deal交易；D. wish愿望。根据前文“Looking at the huge pile of waste”可知，作者看着自己和朋友们收集起来堆成山的垃圾，感到自豪，因为他们对海洋环境产生了微小的影响，make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”。 50．考查动词。句意：这是对我们共同拥有的这个星球的一种关爱行为。A. waiting等待；B. caring关心，关爱；C. hoping希望；D. asking询问。根据前文“I came to realize that cleaning beaches is more than just clearing away rubbish.”可知，作者意识到自己参加的这次活动不仅仅是清理垃圾，而是一种关爱我们居住的星球的行为。 51．考查动词。句意：这次有意义的经历改变了我的思维方式。A. balanced平衡；B. controlled控制；C. transformed转变，改变；D. fixed修理。根据后文“I used to believe one person could hardly have any impact. Now I understand that small efforts can great changes.”可知，作者过去认为个人难以产生影响，现在明白了小努力可以带来大变化，因此作者的思维方式被改变了。 52．考查动词短语。句意：现在我明白了小小的努力可以累积成巨大的变化。A. come down to归结为；B. add up to累积成；C. result from由……引起；D. rely on依赖。根据前文“I used to believe one person could hardly have any impact. Now I understand that small efforts”可知，作者过去认为个人难以产生影响，但现在却明白了小努力能累积成大变化。 53．考查形容词。句意：从那时起，我总是携带可重复使用的袋子，从不乱扔垃圾。A. available可获得的；B. common普通的；C. cheap便宜的；D. reusable可重复使用的。根据后文“I will keep doing my best to protect the marine environment.”可知，作者会一直努力保护海洋环境，因此为了保护环境，作者会携带可重复使用的袋子。 6、【阅读能力提升】 Turning soil, pulling weeds, and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids. And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools. The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. Jaramillo’s students live in neighborhoods where fresh food and green space are not easy to find and fast food restaurants outnumber grocery stores. “The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” Though some are initially scared of the insects and turned off by the dirt, most are eager to try something new. Urban Sprouts’ classes, at two middle schools and two high schools, include hands-on experiments such as soil testing, flower-and-seed dissection, tastings of fresh or dried produce, and work in the garden. Several times a year, students cook the vegetables they grow, and they occasionally make salads for their entire schools. Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. “We have students who say they went home and talked to their parents and now they’re eating differently,” Jaramillo says. She adds that the program’s benefits go beyond nutrition. Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students, many of whom have emotional control issues. “They get outside,” she says, “and they feel successful.” 54．What do we know about Abby Jaramillo? A．She used to be a health worker. B．She grew up in a low-income family. C．She owns a fast food restaurant. D．She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts. 55．What was a problem facing Jaramillo at the start of the program? A．The kids’ parents distrusted her. B．Students had little time for her classes. C．Some kids disliked garden work. D．There was no space for school gardens. 56．Which of the following best describes the impact of the program? A．Far-reaching. B．Predictable. C．Short-lived. D．Unidentifiable. 57．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Rescuing School Gardens B．Experiencing Country Life C．Growing Vegetable Lovers D．Changing Local Landscape 【答案】54．D 55．C 56．A 57．C 【导语】文章主要介绍了Abby Jaramillo发起的学校花园项目Urban Sprouts，该项目帮助低收入家庭学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康生活方式。 【详解】54．细节理解题。根据第一段中“And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.(起初确实如此，Abby Jaramillo说，她与其他一名教师共同创办了Urban Sprouts项目，在四所低收入学校开设了校园菜园计划)”可知，Abby Jaramillo是Urban Sprouts的发起人之一。 55．推理判断题。根据第二段中““The kids literally come to school with bags of snacks and large bottles of soft drinks,” she says. “They come to us thinking vegetables are awful, dirt is awful, insects are awful.” (“孩子们真的会带着成袋的零食和大瓶的软饮料来上学，”她说。“他们来到我们这里时，认为蔬菜很可怕，泥土很可怕，虫子也很可怕。”)”可知，项目开始时面临的问题是有些孩子不喜欢园艺工作。 56．推理判断题。根据第四段中“Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. (项目评估显示，参加课程后孩子们吃了更多蔬菜)”以及第五段中“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. Besides, working in the garden seems to have a calming effect on Jaramillo’s special education students (一些学生对园艺产生浓厚兴趣，带种子回家开始自己的菜园。此外，在花园里劳作似乎对Jaramillo的特殊教育学生有镇静作用)”可知，该项目改变了孩子们的习惯，激发了对园艺的兴趣并对特殊教育学生起到镇静作用，说明它产生了深远的影响。 57．主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第一段“The program aims to help students develop science skills, environmental awareness, and healthy lifestyles. (该项目旨在帮助学生培养科学技能、环保意识和健康生活方式)”以及第四段“Program evaluations show that kids eat more vegetables as a result of the classes. (项目评估显示，参加课程后孩子们吃了更多蔬菜)”和第五段“Some students get so interested in gardening that they bring home seeds to start their own vegetable gardens. (一些学生对园艺产生浓厚兴趣，带种子回家开始自己的菜园)”可知，文章主要讲述了学校花园项目如何让学生爱上蔬菜、改变饮食习惯。故C项“Growing Vegetable Lovers (培养蔬菜爱好者)”能概括文章内容，最适合做文章标题。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $