专题突破练（一）阅读（1）-【高考领航】2027年高考英语总复习四测通关卷

**基本信息** 聚焦高考阅读核心题型，通过社会生活、个人故事、科普知识、科技发展四类主题语篇，系统训练细节理解、推理判断等能力，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读专项|15题（4篇短文）|涵盖细节理解（1-6题）、推理判断（7-10题、13-14题）、主旨大意（11题）、词义猜测（12题）|围绕语篇信息定位与分析，构建“信息提取-逻辑推理-综合理解”的解题链条，典例覆盖高考高频主题与核心素养考查维度。|

二练　专题突破练 专题突破练(一)　阅读(1) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In a world dominated by consumerism, thrifting(淘二手货) offers a chance to embrace unusual pieces with character and history. This guide explains how to shop for second-hand vinyl(黑胶唱片) in the UK. Elvis Shakespeare Located in the Portobello neighborhood, Edinburgh, Elvis Shakespeare is a special thrift store that combines vinyl records with a vast collection of second-hand books. This store offers a laid-back atmosphere for music lovers to browse through vinyl gems(精品) while surrounded by the charm of a bookshop. Piccadilly Records Piccadilly Records, situated in the heart of Manchester, is a long-established independent record store. With a wide range of vinyl, CDs and cassettes, the store appeals to various musical preferences. The knowledgeable staff and regular in-store events make it a must-visit for music lovers. Monorail Music Monorail Music, located in Glasgow, is an independent record store that celebrates the love of music. It is a special place for those seeking both popular and underground releases. The store's commitment to local artists adds to its charm. Crash Records Crash Records in Leeds is an independent record store that has become a key part of the city's music scene. The store offers a broad selection of vinyl records, CDs and cassettes across various genres. With a focus on supporting local artists, Crash Records is a center for discovering new music. 1．Where can you buy both books and records? A．The store in Leeds. B．The store in Glasgow. C．The store in Edinburgh. D．The store in Manchester. 2．What makes Piccadilly Records different from the rest of the record stores? A．It focuses on unusual music. B．It hosts regular music events. C．It employs musicians as staff. D．It is a store established recently. 3．What do Monorail Music and Crash Records have in common? A．They provide underground releases. B．They occupy key positions in the city. C．They center on discovering new music. D．They are closely related to local artists. B Two years ago, my son sat me down for a talk. “Mom, it's time，” he said. “Hear me out: It's time we got actual TV. And you need an iPhone.” This funny conversation two years ago marked a change in our relationship. Perhaps for the first time, I began to really listen to John's opinion about our home technology. Since his reasoning was sound and his suggestions were within budget, I took his advice and was pleasantly surprised with the results. I'd known for a while that my son understands technology better than I do. On airplanes, he grabbed my phone to put it in airplane mode. He wired the speakers in our house. After something was stolen from our front yard, he picked out, set up, and now monitors our security camera. He has a busy social life, with skateboarding, basketball, and online gaming. I see our time together becoming less and our shared interests shrinking. That's why I jumped at the chance when a friend mentioned writing technology reviews. It's changed our relationship in surprising ways. Although he used to get annoyed quickly at my technical ignorance, now he's learned to be more patient and explain things to me in a way that I can convey them to an equally unknowing audience. The parent-child relationship is not only changed; it's even slightly reversed(颠倒). He's leading me. I'm asking him for help and advice. As someone not much of a reader, he now searches instruction booklets. Without any prompting, he even emailed and called to customer service or tech support when products weren't working as expected. I never imagined being a tech reviewer, but it's proved to be a valuable way to learn from, work with, and enjoy time with my teen. 4．Why did the author approve of her son's view according to the first paragraph? A．They were able to afford the two products. B．Their funny talk changed their relationship. C．The two products were on sale during the period. D．The two products were the most advanced at the time. 5．How did the author's son deal with the theft? A．He wired the speakers. B．He reported it to the police. C．He purchased and installed a camera. D．He spent much time investigating it. 6．When did the author decide that she should write technology reviews? A．When she and her son had less in common. B．After her son explained to her some technology. C．When she and her son were stuck in their business. D．After her friend persuaded and forced her to do so. 7．What can we infer about the author from the last three paragraphs? A．Her son used to put up with her technical ignorance. B．Her son has a rich knowledge of technical terms. C．She once dreamed of being a tech reviewer. D．She can benefit from her son's assistance. C Facing intense competition for foods, sea otters(海獭) survive with the help of tools—like rocks and even glass bottles—that let them break open tougher prey(猎物) that they wouldn't otherwise be able to eat. That's according to a new study of sea otters in Monterey Bay, California, which took a look at the tool use of individual otters. The findings reveal how this may increase their chances of survival in an uncertain world. Sea otters spend their days looking around for food in kelp(海草) forests. They dive to the bottom to grab tasty food, plus sometimes rocks that they plan to use as tools. They bring these to the surface and float on their backs as they get to work on opening and eating their snacks. “Their preferred food is urchins(海胆)，” says biologist Chris Law, who notes that urchins are relatively easy for otters to break apart. But there are areas with an over-abundance of urchins, where urchins have eaten all the kelp. Since the kelp is gone, however, these urchins no longer have a good food supply and provide little nutritional value for otters. That's a matter of life-and-death to otters, so they aren't interested in consuming them. “So that means otters have to eat alternative foods，” says Law. “Many of them are those super hard prey items that really require some kind of external force to break into.” Law and some co-workers analyzed data on 196 otters in California. It turns out that frequent tool users were able to eat harder and larger prey. This was particularly important for female otters, since they're smaller than males and aren't able to bite down with as much force. “They typically wouldn't be able to break into harder prey，” says Law. “But they use tools more than males, so they're able to gain access to these novel sources of food items.” Besides, using tools protected the otters' teeth. The researchers found that tool users had less dental damage from biting hard food items. 8．What can we infer about kelp and urchins? A．Urchins survive kelp. B．Urchins destroy kelp forests. C．Kelp and urchins coexist. D．Kelp restricts urchins' growth. 9．Why are urchins abandoned by sea otters? A．Urchins offer little nutrition. B．Otters find novel food items. C．Urchins are hard to break apart. D．Otters are tired of eating urchins. 10．What can we know about male otters? A．They prefer to consume soft food. B．They make less use of tools for food. C．Their food chain has been broken. D．Their teeth are easier to get damaged. 11．Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A．Sea Otters' Favorite Food: Urchins in Kelp Forests B．The Relationship Between Sea Otters' Diet and Kelp Forests C．Differences in Tool Use Between Male and Female Sea Otters D．Tool Use: A Key to Sea Otters' Survival in Competition for Food D These days it's quite easy to strike up a conversation with artificial intelligence(AI). Ask some chatbots a question, and they'll even provide an engaging response verbally. You can chat with them across multiple languages and request a reply in a particular dialect or accent. It is now even possible to use AI-powered speech cloning tools to imitate the voices of real humans. It raises an interesting question: Is there anything unique about the human voice to help us distinguish it from robo-speech? Jonathan Harrington, a professor of phonetics(语音学) and digital speech processing at the University of Munich, Germany, has spent decades studying the complexity of how humans talk and produce the sounds of words and accents. Even he is impressed by the capabilities of AI-powered voice tools. But he believes there are still some important cues that can help us to tell if we are talking to a human or an AI. “To some extent, computer-generated speech has been quite poor and not very human-like，” says Harrington. He further gives the following reasons. Listening for the emphasis words given in a sentence can be a good trick for spotting computer-generated speech. This is because humans use emphasis to give a sentence more meaning. Intonation—the rise and fall of the voice in speaking across a sentence—can also change the same words from being a statement into a question. Phrasing is also an important factor. The way a sentence is broken up can also change its meaning. Together these elements are known as sentence-level prosody(韵律学)． There are also moves to make deepfake detection software more readily available to consumers. But in the unavoidable race between AI generation and AI detection, we may find new value in something we have lost in our increasingly virtually connected world—physical interaction. Perhaps in the search to find out if you are speaking to a human, the solution is simple—spending more time meeting in person. 12．What does the underlined word “imitate” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Distinguish. B．Adjust. C．Raise. D．Copy. 13．What does Harrington think of human speech? A．It is poor. B．It is expressive. C．It is very computer-like. D．It is made up of two elements. 14．How can people tell AI-powered speech from human voice according to Harrington? A．By asking questions. B．By analyzing speech contents. C．By identifying rhythm patterns. D．By changing sentence structures. 15．What does the author propose doing in the last paragraph? A．Avoiding physical interaction. B．Interacting in the virtual world. C．Having a face-to-face conversation. D．Making deepfake detection software. 答 题 栏 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 答案 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 二练　专题突破练 专题突破练(一)　阅读(1) A 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了如何在英国购买二手黑胶唱片。 1．C　细节理解题。由Elvis Shakespeare中“Located in the Portobello neighborhood, Edinburgh, Elvis Shakespeare is a special thrift store that combines vinyl records with a vast collection of second-hand books.”可知，在爱丁堡的商店可以买到书和唱片。 2．B　细节理解题。由Piccadilly Records中“The knowledgeable staff and regular in-store events make it a must-visit for music lovers.”可知，Piccadilly Records与其他唱片店的不同之处在于它会定期举办音乐活动。 3．D　细节理解题。由Monorail Music中“The store's commitment to local artists adds to its charm.”和Crash Records中“With a focus on supporting local artists, Crash Records is a center for discovering new music.”可知，Monorail Music和Crash Records都与当地艺术家关系密切。 B 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者与儿子之间因科技产品而产生的关系变化。 4．A　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Since his reasoning was sound and his suggestions were within budget, I took his advice and was pleasantly surprised with the results.”可推断，作者之所以同意儿子的观点是因为他们能够负担得起这两样产品。 5．C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“After something was stolen from our front yard, he picked out, set up, and now monitors our security camera.”可知，作者的儿子通过购买和安装摄像头来处理盗窃事件。 6．A　细节理解题。根据第四段中“I see our time together becoming less and our shared interests shrinking. That's why I jumped at the chance when a friend mentioned writing technology reviews.”可知，作者是在发现与儿子共同兴趣减少时，决定写技术评论的。 7．D　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可推断，作者可以从儿子的帮助中受益。 C 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海獭在食物竞争中如何借工具生存及相关生存策略。 8．B　推理判断题。根据第二段中“But there are areas with an over-abundance of urchins, where urchins have eaten all the kelp.”可知，海胆会破坏海草森林。 9．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Since the kelp is gone... so they aren't interested in consuming them.”可知，海胆已经不能为海獭提供营养价值了。 10．B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“But they use tools more than males, so they're able to gain access to these novel sources of food items.”可知，雄性海獭相对较少使用工具获取食物。 11．D　标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Facing intense competition for foods... that they wouldn't otherwise be able to eat.”可知，文章开篇点明海獭在食物竞争激烈的情况下借助工具生存，接着阐述了海獭因食物变化不得不食用难获取的食物，而使用工具对它们获取食物、生存以及保护牙齿都有重要作用。故Tool Use: A Key to Sea Otters' Survival in Competition for Food作为文章标题最为合适。 D 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍人工智能语音技术的发展，探讨人类声音与AI语音的区别，以及分辨AI语音的方法和建议。 12．D　词义猜测题。根据画线词前“It is now even possible to use AI-powered speech cloning tools to”及画线词后“the voices of real humans... help us distinguish it from robo-speech？”可推断，画线词与Copy的意思最接近。 13．B　推理判断题。根据第三段中“‘To some extent, computer-generated speech has been quite poor and not very human-like，’ says Harrington.”及第四段中“This is because humans use emphasis to... The way a sentence is broken up can also change its meaning.”可推断，Harrington认为人类语音富有表现力。 14．C　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Listening for the emphasis words given in a sentence... The way a sentence is broken up can also change its meaning. Together these elements are known as sentence-level prosody(韵律学)．”可推断，Harrington认为人们可以通过识别语音中的节奏模式，来区分AI语音和人类声音。 15．C　细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Perhaps in the search to find out if you are speaking to a human, the solution is simple—spending more time meeting in person.”可知，作者提议人们进行面对面交流。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $