组合练七 自然生态与环境保护（2）-【高考领航】2027年高考英语总复习四测通关卷

**基本信息** 以自然生态与环境保护为主题，整合科普阅读、完形填空及读后续写，构建“现象认知-问题分析-行动实践”的逻辑链条，强化语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（C/D篇）|细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断、主旨大意|火烈鸟捕食机制（生物适应）→火箭发射与臭氧层（环境影响），体现科学探究与生态保护关联| |完形填空|15题|语境词汇辨析（如“immediate”“defensive”）|以刺猬救助叙事，展现个体环保行动的意义，衔接生态保护实践| |读后续写|1题|情节发展与情感表达|通过养狗经历深化人与动物关系，呼应生态和谐主题，提升思维品质|

组合练七　自然生态与环境保护(2) (时间：45分钟　满分：60分) Ⅰ.阅读理解C、D篇(共8小题；每小题2.5分，满分20分) C Flamingos(火烈鸟) are eye-catching birds known for their pink color and for standing on one leg to conserve energy. They also engage in dancing behaviors during mating and even while feeding. Scientists have long classified them as filter-feeders(滤食性动物). Like baleen whales, they have developed parts of the mouth that allow them to filter and eat small organisms from the water. One biology researcher from Northern California became curious about what was going on under the water. It started when he and his family were visiting the zoo in Atlanta, Georgia, and he noticed a flamingo eating. Surprised that scientific research hadn't yet provided an answer, he decided to investigate. After studying the animals for a few years, he announced his findings in May. Flamingos, he says, aren't simply passively filtering food. They are deliberately moving water in ways that direct the prey into their mouths. They use their L-shaped beaks upside down underwater to create vortex(漩涡)—like mini-tornadoes of water. The water, which can contain small organisms, moves from the lake bed or seafloor to the water surface and into the flamingos' mouths. To find out what was happening, the researcher and his team studied three flamingos that were trained to feed in a clear container. The scientists also built a three-dimensional model of a flamingo beak and watched it work underwater. They found that flamingos frequently pull their heads out of the water during the process of feeding. The birds also chatter(鸣叫), or clap their beaks together, when the tops of their heads but not their beaks are out of the water. These movements, along with a dance-like stomping motion they do with their feet, create the vortexes. While the flamingos' motions can look playful, they serve an important role in their survival. 1．What can we know about flamingos from the first paragraph? A．They use filtering to attract potential mates' attention. B．They adopt specific postures to display their beauty. C．Their pink feathers are closely related to mating behavior. D．The function of their mouth parts is similar to that of baleen whales. 2．What does the underlined word “prey” in paragraph 3 probably refer to? A．The water in the container. B．The vortex-like mini-tornadoes. C．The small organisms in the water. D．The L-shaped beaks of flamingos. 3．What can we infer from the researcher's investigation? A．All flamingos live in lakes or seas with clear water. B．The findings use three wild flamingos as study objects. C．Baleen whales catch food in the same way as flamingos. D．Flamingos' feeding is more complex than previously thought. 4．What is the last paragraph mainly about? A．How flamingos created vortexes. B．How three flamingos are trained. C．How researchers built 3D models. D．How flamingos survive the vortexes. D In recent years, the sharp increase in global rocket launches has transformed the sky, fueled by the rapid growth of the space industry. This creates major opportunities but also raises environmental challenges. Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer(臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation. Investigations into how rocket emissions(排放) affect ozone began more than three decades ago, but for many years the impact was considered minimal. As the frequency of launches continues to rise, this view is shifting. In 2019, only 97 orbital launches were recorded worldwide, but by 2024, the figure had climbed to 258, with projections pointing to continued rapid growth. Unlike ground-level pollutants, emissions from rockets and re-entering satellites can stay in the middle and upper atmosphere up to 100 times longer, since removal processes such as precipitation do not occur at those heights. While most launches take place in the Northern Hemisphere, the atmospheric flow eventually distributes the pollutants globally. Recently, researchers from ETH Zurich and the Physical Meteorological Observatory in Davos, in cooperation with Laura Revell's international team at the University of Canterbury, used a chemistry-climate model to see how future emissions might impact the ozone layer by 2030. With 2，040 annual launches by 2030—roughly eight times the 2024 total—the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring. While these reductions may appear small, the context is critical. The ozone layer is still recovering from the earlier loss caused by long-lived chlorofluorocarbons(CFCs), which were banned under the 1989 Montreal Protocol. Even today, global ozone thickness remains about 2% below pre-industrial levels, and the full recovery is not expected until around 2066. But we believe a launch industry that avoids ozone-damaging effects is entirely possible: Monitoring rocket emissions and carrying out necessary and appropriate regulations are all key to ensuring that the ozone layer continues its recovery. This requires scientists, policymakers, and industry to work together. 5．What is the current view on rocket emissions? A．Their impact will become severe. B．Their distribution is location-limited. C．They will decrease at a faster speed. D．They can be removed by precipitation. 6．Why was the recent research on rocket emissions conducted? A．To seek potential solutions. B．To look into their future effect. C．To address climate change challenges. D．To figure out the leading contributors. 7．What is the function of paragraph 6? A．To show protecting the ozone layer is possible. B．To indicate the dark future of the space industry. C．To argue that the model predictions are worrying. D．To set standards for global average ozone thickness. 8．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．Global Rocket Launches Are Rocketing B．Can the Ozone Layer Still Protect Earth? C．Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer D．Can Ozone-damaging Effects Be Avoided? Ⅱ.完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) One rainy evening, I spotted a trembling hedgehog(刺猬) near my garage. Its tiny body curled tightly, a deep cut visible on its leg. Having read about declining hedgehog populations, I realized __9__ action was essential. I __10__ placed the injured animal in a cardboard box, with old towels at the bottom. The next morning, I cycled to the local wildlife rescue center, only to find it permanently closed. Disappointed but __11__， I transformed our garden shed into a __12__ shelter. I cleaned its wound with warm water and __13__ it gently. For days. I offered it water and cat food, observing its __14__ recovery. Just as hope grew, a crisis __15__. One afternoon, our neighbor's cat slipped into the shed. As soon as I heard the crazy rustling(沙沙声), I rushed over and found the hedgehog rolling into a __16__ ball, while the cat was threateningly circling around. Shouting and __17__ my arms, I drove the cat away, __18__ to see no new injuries to the hedgehog. Two weeks later, the hedgehog's wound healed __19__. Though reluctant to part with my companion, I recognized its need for __20__. I carried it to the park nearby. When I put it down, it __21__ a moment and then disappeared into the bushes. Wildlife protection isn't about __22__ gestures. It begins with ordinary people making small conscious choices. Every small creature saved sews another thread into the __23__ fabric of our ecosystem—a fabric we're all entrusted(委托) to mend. 9．A.direct B．joint C．immediate D．preventative 10．A.bravely B．nervously C．eagerly D．carefully 11．A.determined B．astonished C．dissatisfied D．discouraged 12．A.homeless B．powerful C．temporary D．permanent 13．A.pressed B．dried C．soaked D．touched 14．A.speedy B．gradual C．significant D．partial 15．A.struck B．affected C．stuck D．sunk 16．A.dependent B．supportive C．defensive D．weighty 17．A.squeezing B．lowering C．extending D．swinging 18．A.relieved B．disappointed C．shocked D．embarrassed 19．A.barely B．completely C．slightly D．basically 20．A.escape B．shelter C．freedom D．independence 21．A.struggled B．concentrated C．wandered D．hesitated 22．A.grand B．modest C．various D．accurate 23．A.beautiful B．delicate C．strange D．special 答 题 栏 题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 答案 题号 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 答案 Ⅲ.读后续写(满分25分) For three years, I had refused my son David's begging for a dog, fearing it would disrupt the peace, beauty, and order I cherished in our home. The turning point came when I saw thirty notes hidden in his room, each one reading: “Dear Mom, I want a dog.” Moved by a mother's desire not to see her son feel disappointed, I gave in. I brought home Tippy, a mixed-breed puppy. For David, it was instant bonding and days filled with joyful commands of “sit, girl, heel(跟紧), girl.” But for me, the reality of puppy ownership quickly set in. While David attended school, the spirited puppy became bored. It fell on me to rescue socks, slippers and mailman. When I tied Tippy to a tree, her whines(哀嚎) got on my nerves. “I'm going to get rid of that dog，” I told David. “Just leave the messes till I get home，” David offered anxiously, his attachment to Tippy evident. When Tippy was seven months old, our yard became a battleground. From behind my curtains, I watched, terrified, as seven dogs wrestled for the love of Tippy. Nine weeks later, to no one's surprise, Tippy presented us with a litter(窝) of pups. David was excited, but I was mad. All I could think about was Tippy's energetic puppyhood about to be repeated nine times at once! When the puppies were five weeks old, Tippy developed a life-threatening disease. Following the vet's advice, we had to give away all her puppies immediately to save her. She recovered. Yet the separation sent Tippy into a deep depression. As her grief soon turned into aggression, she dragged home dead animals, bared her teeth at anyone who came near, and trapped my friends in their car in our driveway. This was the final straw for me. Tippy would have to go. I took Tippy and headed for the animal adoption center. Unexpected tears trickled down my cheeks. This was the right thing to do, I persuaded myself—I didn't want to think otherwise. 注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Back home, I found David lying in his bed, sobbing and unwilling to eat or sleep.____________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ When I took Tippy back to our door, she ran straight for David.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 组合练七　自然生态与环境保护(2) Ⅰ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学家对火烈鸟进食方式的新研究，阐明了火烈鸟独特的捕食机制，颠覆了传统认知。 1．D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Like baleen whales, they have developed parts of the mouth that allow them to filter and eat small organisms from the water.”可知，火烈鸟嘴部器官的功能与须鲸相似。 2．C　词义猜测题。根据画线词后“They use their L-shaped beaks... to the water surface and into the flamingos' mouths.”可推断，画线词在这里指代“水中的小生物”。 3．D　推理判断题。根据第一段及第三段中“Flamingos, he says, aren't simply passively filtering food... into their mouths.”可推断，火烈鸟的进食方式比之前认为的更为复杂。 4．A　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要讲述了火烈鸟如何制造漩涡。 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了全球火箭发射数量激增对臭氧层造成的渐进性破坏。 5．A　细节理解题。根据第二段中“Investigations into how rocket emissions(排放) affect ozone began... this view is shifting.”可知，人们现在认为火箭排放物对臭氧层的影响会随着火箭发射频率的增加而变得严重。 6．B　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，近期对火箭排放的研究是为了研究它们未来对臭氧层的影响。 7．C　推理判断题。根据第五段中“the model predicts that... continues to reappear each spring”和第六段内容可推断，第六段意在说明该模型预测是令人担忧的。 8．C　标题判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Pollutants released during rocket launches and re-entry are left in the middle atmosphere, where they can damage the ozone layer(臭氧层) which protects Earth against harmful ultraviolet radiation.”和第五段“the model predicts that global average ozone thickness would decrease by nearly 0.3%. Seasonal losses could reach as much as 4% over Antarctica, where the ozone hole continues to reappear each spring.”可知，文章主要讨论了火箭发射激增对臭氧层的渐进性破坏。故Rockets Could Eat Away at the Ozone Layer适合作本文标题。 Ⅱ. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在一个雨夜发现了一只受伤的刺猬，并悉心照料直至其康复放归自然的故事。 9．C　由于读过刺猬数量减少的文章，“我”意识到必须立即(immediate)采取行动。 10．D　“我”小心翼翼地(carefully)把受伤的动物放在一个纸板箱里，箱底铺着旧毛巾。 11．A　虽然失望但内心坚定(determined)，“我”把花园棚屋改造成一间临时的(temporary)避护所。 12．C　见上题解析。 13．B　“我”用温水清洗了它的伤口，并轻轻擦干(dried)。 14．B　几天来，“我”给它提供水和猫粮，观察它逐渐(gradual)康复。 15．A　正当希望增长时，一场危机袭来(struck)。 16．C　一听到疯狂的沙沙声，“我”冲过去，发现刺猬蜷缩成一个防御性的(defensive)球，而猫正威胁性地围着它转。 17．D　“我”大喊并挥舞(swinging)手臂，赶走了猫，欣慰地(relieved)看到刺猬没有新伤。 18．A　见上题解析。 19．B　两周后，刺猬的伤口完全(completely)愈合了。 20．C　虽然不愿意与“我”的伙伴分开，但“我”认识到它需要自由(freedom)。 21．D　当“我”放下它时，它犹豫了(hesitated)一会儿，然后消失在灌木丛中。 22．A　野生动物保护不需要重大的(grand)举动。 23．B　脆弱的(delicate)的生态系统需要我们每个人去保护和修补。 Ⅲ. One possible version： Back home, I found David lying in his bed, sobbing and unwilling to eat or sleep. Seeing him curled up with a photo of Tippy broke my heart. I wanted to comfort him, but how? After all, I was the one who had given away his beloved companion. A profound silence and sadness now filled the house, replacing the previous chaos. In that quiet grief, I realized something: a tidy house could never replace a happy one—filled with laughter, running feet, and joyful barking. At that moment, my hesitation vanished. I realized that before, I had merely been willing to have Tippy back; now, I deeply wanted her back for David. When I brought Tippy back to our door, she ran straight for David. Drawn to him like a magnet, she zoomed over, bursting with excitement. What a reunion it was—a joyful tangle of arms and paws, mingled with tears and happy yips! David kept whispering, “Oh, Tippy，” as she covered his face in licks. Soon we were all hugging, crying, and laughing together. Did perfect order return to our home? Not exactly. But love and laughter did. And I can say with my whole heart: I wouldn't have it any other way. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $