10 必修第三册 Unit 2 Natural disasters（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

课时冲关10　Unit 2　Natural disasters  　学生课时P306

 

　　Survival is every living being's basic instinct. Animals, you may have noticed, know how to make do in the worst of the situations; they can manage for days without food, water, and decent habitat. Humans too had the same survival instincts and the ability to care for themselves and their kind.

With the development of the society, we have gained a lot of comfort and ease in our lifestyle, but unfortunately, with this cozy life, we have lost touch with our basic instincts. We are so dependent on the comforts around us that if you take them away, we do not know how to make do without them. We instantly begin to panic and fail to think logically.

Man is the most intelligent of nature's creation. Our achievements in every field are a distinct example of that. Then why is it that we become so dependent on our creations that we begin to trust the creation more than the creator? If you do not agree with me, then look around at the state of panic and chaos we are currently in. What is the cause of it? A virus outbreak? No. It's the inability to deal with it calmly and the lack of faith in our abilities to get through it safely. We are looking at our governments for help. Why in such urgent circumstances are we still being needy and dependent? We are well equipped with skills to look after ourselves, pull through this and protect our loved ones; more and in a better way than any government ever could. All we need to do is be prepared for the worst like the world is coming to an end, and only then will you be able to survive.

Frank Marshall's Ultimate Survival Code will walk you through, step by step and help you restore the lost faith in yourself. It will guide you on to what you should do to survive any disaster, man­made or natural, on your own, with the right kind of advance preparation. It talks about disaster management at the most basic levels and how being prepared at an early stage can save you a lot of grief later. It is a survival guide based on the real­life experiences of an army man aiming to teach you the basic survival methods when a disaster strikes.

1．What does the underlined word “creator” in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．Nature.　　　　 B．Achievement.

C．Mankind. D．Government.

2．What does the writer recommend us to do in disasters?

A．Be equipped with multiple skills.

B．Be appreciative of human's creations.

C．Be calm and dependent on our capabilities.

D．Be faithful about the help from governments.

3．What might the writer agree with?

A．A full preparation can help you survive the disasters.

B．Animals are better survivors than humans in disasters.

C．A pandemic is the cause of the loss of logical thinking.

D．Modernization is to blame for the panic we are in.

4．What might Frank Marshall be?

A．A noted psychologist.

B．A retired soldier.

C．A film review writer.

D．A magazine publisher.

[语篇解读]　这是一篇议论文。主要讨论了人类在面对灾难时，由于过度依赖现代文明而失去了基本的生存本能。文章通过提出问题和分析问题，呼吁人们恢复自我生存能力，并通过Frank Marshall的《终极生存守则》来指导人们如何在灾难面前自救。

1．C　[词义猜测题。根据文章第三段中的“Then why is it that we become so dependent on our creations that we begin to trust the creation more than the...？(那么，为什么我们会变得如此依赖我们的创造物，以至于我们开始比创造者更信任……呢？)”可知这里的“creator”指的是创造这些人类的发明或成果的主体。因此“creator”最可能指的是“Mankind”，即人类自身。]

2．C　[细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“We are well equipped with skills to look after ourselves, pull through this and protect our loved ones; more and in a better way than any government ever could.(我们具备了照顾自己、度过难关和保护亲人的技能；比任何政府都更多、更好。)”以及第四段中的“All we need to do is be prepared for the worst like the world is coming to an end, and only then will you be able to survive.(我们所需要做的就是为最坏的情况做好准备，就像世界即将结束一样，只有这样你才能生存下来。)”可以看出，作者建议我们在灾难面前保持冷静，依靠自己的能力，并做好充分的准备。]

3．A　[推理判断题。根据文章第四段中的“Frank Marshall's Ultimate Survival Code will walk you through, step by step and help you restore the lost faith in yourself. It will guide you on to what you should do to survive any disaster, man­made or natural, on your own, with the right kind of advance preparation.(弗兰克·马歇尔的《终极生存法则》将一步步引导你，帮助你恢复对自己失去的信心。它将指导你应该做什么来独自生存任何灾难，无论是人为的还是自然的，有了正确的预先准备。)”可以看出，作者可能会同意“A full preparation can

 

 　help you survive the disasters.(充分的准备可以帮助你度过灾难。)”。]

4．B　[推理判断题。根据文章最后一段中的“It is a survival guide based on the real­life experiences of an army man aiming to teach you the basic survival methods when a disaster

strikes.(这是一本基于一个军人的真实生活经验的生存指南，旨在教你当灾难发生时的基本生存方法。)”可以推断出，Frank Marshall可能是一位退休的士兵，因为他有军队背景并且分享了基于军队经验的生存技巧。]

　　July was the hottest month on record globally. High temperatures and serious wildfires have swept across the Northern Hemisphere. Oceanic heat waves are damaging the world's third­largest coral reef off Florida. And as the levels of greenhouse gases continue to increase, it means many even hotter summers lie ahead.

Last week, the United Nations Secretary­General Antonio Guterres coined a new term. The time of “global warming” has ended, he announced, and the time of “global boiling” has arrived.

But critics have strongly disagreed with the phrase. At one level, “global boiling” is clearly an overstatement, but “global warming” is now far too weak a description. Many climate scientists have pushed for the term “global heating” to be used in preference. Similarly, phrases such as “climate crisis” haven't received enough attention. That's because many of us still feel we haven't seen this crisis with our own eyes.

But that is changing. In the past few years, extreme weather and relevant events have struck many countries. Australia's Black Summer brought wildfires that burned an area the size of the United Kingdom. Germany suffered serious flooding in 2021. The 2022 flood in Pakistan flooded large parts of the country. China has seen both droughts and floods. Terrible droughts have hit the Horn of Africa for many years. India has stopped rice exports due to damage from heavy rain.

Critics of climate action often complain about what they see as the overuse of “crisis talk”. If everything is a crisis, nothing is a crisis.

When Guterres uses deeply impactful phrases, he's not inviting us to imagine a Hollywood­style disaster. What he's hoping is to make people listen and act — now we can see what climate change looks like.

Are there better phrases to describe this? Possibly. Take the challenge yourself: can you think up a brief, correct phrase to cover worsening local­and­regional­scale droughts, fires, typhoons and floods; damage to crops and food safety; water shortages; existential threats to coral reefs and low­lying communities? You can see how hard it is.

5．What does the underlined word “coined” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Explained.　　　　　 B．Invented.

C．Valued.  D．Accepted.

6．What do critics think of the term “global boiling”？

A．It is overused.

B．It is exaggerated.