3 必修第一册 Unit 3 Getting along with others（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

课时冲关3　Unit 3　Getting along with others 　学生课时P286 Ⅰ.阅读理解A 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：说明文 话题：聊天机器人 　　One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays millions of people are already turning to ChatGPT and specialist therapy (治疗) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive mental health support. Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of socalled empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species' defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction. One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their experience. On the first point, in recent years, AIpowered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the empathiser's response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation. All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend. 1．What does the underlined word “boon” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Trap.　　　　　 B．Prize. C．Blessing. D．Challenge. 2．What does the recent analysis show about empathy? A．It calls for clear communication. B．It starts with emotion identification. C．It rules out individual difference. D．It depends on rich imagination. 3．What can AI do according to Paragraph 4? A．Provide datadriven feedback. B．Recognize one's real desire. C．Update large language models. D．Predict one's behavior by intuition. 4．What does the author think of ChatGPT? A．Its development should be sped up. B．Its intelligence is winning more favor. C．Its application should be strictly managed. D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans'. [语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI聊天机器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及与人类真正同理心的差距。 1．C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans.”可知，这里提到人工智能因为不受尴尬和疲惫的影响，可能在表达同理心上比人类更开放、不知疲倦，因此对于某些专家来说，这是人工智能在心理健康支持方面的优势，是一种好事。所以boon在这里意为“好事，益处”。] 2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling.”可知，关于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要条件是能够识别另一个人的感受。] 3．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“On the first point, in recent years, AIpowered chatbots have...seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time.”可知，人工智能如ChatGPT能够识别我们的情感并做出适当的反应，这是基于大量语言模型对数据的预测能力，即能够提供数据驱动的反馈。] 4．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses...some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation.”以及最后一段的“At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend.”可知，作者在与多个聊天机器人交谈后，最终还是选择给朋友打电话寻求情感支持。这表明，虽然ChatGPT能提供一定的帮助，但在作者看来，它的人工善意仍然不能与真实的人类情感交流相比。由此可推知，作者认为它的人工善意无法与人类的相比。] 阅读理解B 主题语境：人与自然 体裁：说明文 话题：蛇的超强社交智慧与能力 Most of us likely consider snakes to be cold to others of their kind, just as they are cold to us human beings. But those beliefs are wrong—especially when it comes to garter snakes (袜带蛇), a new study says. These nonpoisonous creatures, which range from the chilly plains of Canada to the forests of Costa Rica, have special preferences about which snakes they hang out with—in other words, they have “friends.” “All animals—even snake—need to interact with others，” says study leader Morgan Skinner, a doctoral candidate in behavioral ecology at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada. To investigate this theory, Skinner carried out a novel experiment to assess the personalities and sociability of eastern garter snakes. The results showed that “like us, they seek out social contacts, and they're particular about whom they socialize with，” says Skinner. The idea that snakes have close friends may be surprising, but such relationships are increasingly being found throughout the animal kingdom, from bats to elephants. A recent analysis of bats showed, for example, that bats and humans both have conditional friendships. Scientists are likely better at discovering friendships among animals now than, say, 30 years ago, partly because many societies are more accepting of such a concept, and because researchers have far better tools for gathering and analyzing the data. However, the scientists have no idea what's motivating friendships in garter snakes, though they do know it's not related to reproduction or mating (交配): The study snakes did not prefer the opposite sex as friends. But such partnerships must be offering some benefit－otherwise the animals would not waste the energy forming such bonds. For example, snake friends usually curl up together, which helps them keep heat and defend against natural enemies. Whatever the reason, says Gordon Burghardt, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Tennessee, the study “should help convince people that snakes aren't all mysterious loners, but have more social intelligence and a larger social ability than most of us realize.” 5．What can we know from the new study? A．Snakes make friends for their next generation. B．Snakes are kinder to each other than to mankind. C．Snakes have special preferences for their partners. D．Snakes also need social contacts and close friends. 6．Why can friendships among animals be researched better than before? A．Because of the unique experiment by Skinner. B．Because of more social support and better equipment. C．More researchers are gathering and analyzing the data. D．More people are changing their attitude toward animals. 7．In which way is snakes' friendship special? A．Snakes' friendship does not last long. B．Snakes prefer the opposite sex as friends. C．Snakes make friends for the benefit of themselves. D．Snakes are not particular about whom to make friends with. 8．What's the main idea of the text? A．Snakes may also have friends. B．Snakes are good at making friends. C．Snakes can live with us peacefully. D．Snakes will never feel lonely. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。新研究表明发现，蛇并不像我们通常所认为的冷漠，它们也有朋友，比我们想象中拥有更多的社交智慧和更强大的社交能力。 5．D　[推理判断题。根据第三段“‘All animals—even snake—need to interact with others，’says study leader Morgan Skinner (研究负责人摩根·斯金纳说，‘所有的动物——甚至蛇——都需要与其他人互动’)”和“The results showed that ‘like us, they seek out social contacts, and they're particular about whom they socialize with，’ says Skinner.(结果表明，像我们一样，它们(蛇)寻求社会联系，而且它们对与谁交往很挑剔。)”可知，这项新的研究表明，这些蛇类也像我们人类一样需要社会交流，需要选择它们的社交伙伴，也就是说它们也有朋友和友谊。] 6．B　[细节理解题。根据第五段“...partly because many societies are more accepting of such a concept, and because researchers have far better tools for gathering and analyzing the data(与30年前相比，现在的科学家可能更善于发现动物之间的友谊，部分原因是许多社会更能接受这样的概念，也因为研究人员有更好的工具来收集和分析数据)”可知，由于有了更多的社会支持和更好的设备，动物之间的友谊能得到更好的研究。] 7．C　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“...such partnerships must be offering some benefit—otherwise the animals would not waste the energy forming such bonds. (这样的伙伴关系必须能带来一些好处，否则它们就不会浪费精力来建立这样的关系。)”可知，蛇的友谊特殊之处在于蛇交朋友是为给自己带来好处。] 8．A　[主旨大意题。本文主要是介绍一项新的研究发现，大多数人以往对蛇类动物那种冷漠的传统观念是错误的，它们也像人类一样拥有朋友。] Ⅱ.阅读七选五 主题语境：人与社会 体裁：应用文 话题：成为更好的人 The best thing you can do for yourself is to try to be a better person—and to consciously improve yourself and your life. Choosing to “be better” will not only make you feel better, but will also bring better people, opportunities, and possibilities into your life. Here are some ways to become a better person. __1__ Admit the good, the bad, and the ugly and embrace it. In order to improve as a person, you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not. We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments (赞美), we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are. __2__ And this little gift will make a difference in their lives. Surprise your friends, your partner, or your children. No matter how old we are, we all love surprises — good ones, of course. And it doesn't have to be a big gesture, sometimes a simple message, card, or letter is enough. Be creative! Creating something that other people can benefit from is priceless. Whether craft or business, whether blog or book, whether special food or an entire restaurant. __3__ __4__ Give up bad habits and replace them with good ones. If you can't give up your bad habits right away, start small until you can really get rid of them. Is there a person that hurt you in the past, and you still are mad at the person or don't talk to him or her? __5__ Can we develop compassion in any form by dealing with it? A．Lots of people want to feel valued. B．One man's meat is another man's poison. C．Smoking, gossiping, or judging－please don't! D．Can we leave behind the pain or misunderstanding? E．To become a better person, one must always be true to oneself. F．Can you give a hand to people that you are not so familiar with? G．Keep thinking about how you can add value to your community. [语篇解读]　这是一篇应用文。文章指出成为更好的人好处良多，并给出了一些具体方法。 1．E　[文章第一段以“Here are some ways to become a better person.(这里是一些成为更好的人的方法。)”可知，接下来的段落都是如何成为更好的人的不同方法。本段缺少主题句，空白后的两句话“Admit the good, the bad, and the ugly and embrace it. In order to improve as a person, you first have to be really aware of who you are and who you are not.(承认好的、坏的以及丑陋的一面并坦然接受。它们为了成为更好的人，你首先必须真正意识到自己是怎样的人、不是怎样的人。)”可知，本段的主题是承认自己、接纳自己，E选项“要成为一个更好的人，就必须总是忠实于自己。”符合这一主题，适合作为主题句。] 2．A　[由空白前句“We are not saying that you should give superficial compliments (赞美), we are saying that you should really compliment someone for something they do or who they are. (我们并不是说你应该给出肤浅的赞美，我们是说你应该为某些人做的事或他们的为人而真心赞美他们。)”推知本段主题是真心赞美他人。A选项“许多人都想感受到被尊重。”承接前文，且与下一句中的this little gift对应。] 3．G　[本段主题为“创造一些其他人能从中受益的东西是无价的”，空白前句列举了“Whether craft or business, whether blog or book, whether special food or an entire restaurant.(无论是一门手艺或生意，博客或书籍，还是特色食品或一家饭店。)”，G选项“保持思考你怎样能给社区增加价值。”中的add value to your community正对应了列举的这些例子的作用，切合段落主题。] 4．C　[由空白后句“Give up bad habits and replace them with good ones.(放弃坏习惯并用好习惯取代之。)”可知本段讲的方法是戒除坏习惯，C选项“抽烟、说三道四或是指指点点——请别这样做！”符合本段主题，适合作为主题句。] 5．D　[空白前后句分别是两个问句，分别询问“是否有人曾伤害过你、你还对他怀恨在心”以及“通过处理这些我们能否发展出任何形式的同情心”，D选项“我们能不能抛下伤痛和误解？”符合句式特点，三个问句在逻辑层次上也是递进的，共同表达“放下芥蒂、原谅过去”的段落主题。] Ⅲ. 应用文写作(征文)◄ 毕业之际，学校英文报开展“照片里的高中故事”征文活动。请你选一张记录自己校园生活精彩瞬间的照片，并为该照片写一段英文解读，内容包括： 1．照片介绍； 2．个人感悟。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；开头已给出，不计入总词数； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 This photo is about________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] This_photo_is_about the most memorable moment in my high school life, when we celebrated our friend's birthday in the school library. It was taken during a break between classes. We sneaked into the library to enjoy some cake. Looking at this photo, I am reminded of the warmth we shared. High school life was not just about studies; it was also about these small moments of joy that we created together. This picture captures the happy time that we spent in high school. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $