3 必修第一册 Unit 3 Getting along with others（配套练习Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮课时作业（译林版）

课时冲关3　Unit 3　Getting along with  others  　学生课时P286

　　One day I typed into ChatGPT all about my upset feelings and it instantly responded, offering a list of practical advice. Nowadays millions of people are already turning to ChatGPT and specialist therapy (治疗) chatbots for convenient and inexpensive mental health support.

Some experts say this is a boon. After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans. But others worry about the consequences of people seeking emotional support from machines that can only pretend to care. Some even wonder if the rise of socalled empathetic AI might change the way we interact with one another. Indeed, empathy is one of our species' defining qualities, developing as it did in pace with social interaction.

One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling. They must also be affected by those emotions and differentiate between themselves and the other person, grasping that the other person's feelings aren't their own while still being able to imagine their experience.

On the first point, in recent years, AIpowered chatbots have made progress in their ability to read human emotions, most powered by large language models (LLMs) that work by predicting which words are most likely to appear together based on training data. In this way, LLMs like ChatGPT can seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time. But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses the mark in many ways. Empathy is interpersonal, with continued feedback helping to perfect the empathiser's response, which also requires some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation.

All of this helps to explain conversations like the ones I had with ChatGPT. At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend.

1．What does the underlined word “boon” in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．Trap.　　　　　 B．Prize.

C．Blessing.  D．Challenge.

2．What does the recent analysis show about empathy?

A．It calls for clear communication.

B．It starts with emotion identification.

C．It rules out individual difference.

D．It depends on rich imagination.

3．What can AI do according to Paragraph 4?

A．Provide datadriven feedback.

B．Recognize one's real desire.

C．Update large language models.

D．Predict one's behavior by intuition.

4．What does the author think of ChatGPT?

A．Its development should be sped up.

B．Its intelligence is winning more favor.

C．Its application should be strictly managed.

D．Its artificial kindness is no match for humans'.

[语篇解读]　这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了AI聊天机器人在提供心理支持方面的利弊，以及与人类真正同理心的差距。

1．C　[词义猜测题。根据第二段的“After all, AI, undisturbed by embarrassment and burnout, might be able to express empathy (同理心) more openly and tirelessly than humans.”可知，这里提到人工智能因为不受尴尬和疲惫的影响，可能在表达同理心上比人类更开放、不知疲倦，因此对于某些专家来说，这是人工智能在心理健康支持方面的优势，是一种好事。所以boon在这里意为“好事，益处”。]

2．B　[细节理解题。根据第三段的“One recent analysis about empathy looked at 52 studies published between 1980 and 2019, which shows that the empathiser must first be able to recognize how the other person is feeling.”可知，关于同理心的最近分析表明，同理心的首要条件是能够识别另一个人的感受。]

3．A　[细节理解题。根据第四段的“On the first point, in recent years, AIpowered chatbots have...seemingly identify our feelings and respond appropriately most of the time.”可知，人工智能如ChatGPT能够识别我们的情感并做出适当的反应，这是基于大量语言模型对数据的预测能力，即能够提供数据驱动的反馈。]

4．D　[推理判断题。根据第四段的“But when it comes to the other criteria, AI still misses...some degree of intuitive (直觉的) awareness of an individual and their situation.”以及最后一段的“At the end of the day, despite talking to multiple chatbots online, I did what I knew I had to do all along: I picked up my phone and called a friend.”可知，作者在与多个聊天机器人交谈后，最终还是选择给朋友打电话寻求情感支持。这表明，虽然ChatGPT能提供一定的帮助，但在作者看来，它的人工善意仍然不能与真实的人类情感交流相比。由此可推知，作者认为它的人工善意无法与人类的相比。]

 

 

 

Most of us likely consider snakes to be cold to others of their kind, just as they are cold to us human beings.

But those beliefs are wrong—especially when it comes to garter snakes (袜带蛇), a new study says. These nonpoisonous creatures, which range from the chilly plains of Canada to the forests of Costa Rica, have special preferences about which snakes they hang out with—in other words, they have “friends.”

“All animals—even snake—need to interact with others，” says study leader Morgan Skinner, a doctoral candidate in behavioral ecology at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada. To investigate this theory, Skinner carried out a novel experiment to assess the personalities and sociability of eastern garter snakes. The results showed that “like us, they seek out social contacts, and they're particular about whom they socialize with，” says Skinner.

The idea that snakes have close friends may be surprising, but such relationships are increasingly being found throughout the animal kingdom, from bats to elephants. A recent analysis of bats showed, for example, that bats and humans both have conditional friendships.

Scientists are likely better at discovering friendships among animals now than, say, 30 years ago, partly because many societies are more accepting of such a concept, and because researchers have far better tools for gathering and analyzing the data.

However, the scientists have no idea what's motivating friendships in garter snakes, though they do know it's not related to reproduction or mating (交配): The study snakes did not prefer the opposite sex as friends. But such partnerships must be offering some benefit－otherwise the animals would not waste the energy forming such bonds. For example, snake friends usually curl up together, which helps them keep heat and defend against natural enemies.

Whatever the reason, says Gordon Burghardt, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Tennessee, the study “should help convince people that snakes aren't all mysterious loners,  but have more social intelligence and a larger social ability than most of us realize.”

5．What can we know from the new study?

A．Snakes make friends for their next generation.

B．Snakes are kinder to each other than to mankind.

C．Snakes have special preferences for their partners.

D．Snakes also need social contacts and close friends.

6．Why can friendships among animals be researched better than before?

A．Because of the unique experiment by Skinner.