Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage（分层作业）英语译林版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 高中英语新授课同步练以A/B/C三层设计构建梯度化巩固路径，从词汇基础到语篇综合，适配差异化教学需求，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（汉译英、选词填空）|聚焦单元基础词汇，通过直接默写与语境应用夯实语言能力| |B组能力进阶|句型结构（完成句子、适当形式填空）|衔接语法规则，结合动词时态、非谓语等考点提升语言表达准确性| |C组思维拔高|语篇综合（语法填空、完形、阅读）|以语篇为载体融合语法应用与文化理解，通过推理分析深化思维品质|

分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 1．受害者 ________________ 2．申请 n. ________________ 3．道歉 v. ________________ 4．陪同，陪伴 v. ________________ 5．可供替代的 ________________ 6．拥护，提倡 ________________ 7．大气；气氛 ________________ 8．假设 n. ________________ 9．到达 n. ________________ 10．权威，官方 ________________ 二、选词填空 从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子。 rough  released  pessimistic  purchase   contest   undergo   core  visually  worthy  breakthrough    reform   folk     1．The article is of being read carefully and thought about deeply by every student. 2．The government plans to the old education system. 3．I hold the firm belief that we can make a great in the treatment of cancer. 4．The list of winners has just been . 5．Some artists a change in middle life. 6．His hands are because of hard work. 7．The of their appeal is food safety. 8．Some people are about the future , but I’m hopeful. 9．The movie is attractive with bright colors. 10．I heard you won the first prize at the speech . 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．— The place __________ (被称作) as the City of Culture attracts countless visitors every year. — I really hope I can pay a visit to it during the coming winter holiday. 2．He spent two hours _________________________ (整理) his study yesterday. 3．Neither laziness nor fear of failure ________________ (能够阻挡心怀梦想的人奋勇前行). 4．________ (早睡早起) is a good living habit. 5．I like ________ ________ ________ (和其他人交流). 6．As a whole, ________________ (拥有丰富的词汇) is important for English learners. 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．The girl (catch) stealing makeup from the drugstore was not allowed to enter any local shop for six months. 2．The market analysis report, (base) on first-hand data from over 2,000 consumers, provides a convincing conclusion. 3．Chinese people follow the traditional (believe) that cleaning the house before the new year will sweep away bad luck and bring good fortune. 4．The castle (surround) by a beautiful landscape attracts many tourists every year. 5．Every word (write) on the walls encourages us students to pursue our dreams. 6．A remarkable jade carving (discover) at Liangzhu ancient city may hold the key to understanding an ancient civilization that predates what many historians believed to be China’s oldest. 7．Absent are the narrow seats (sandwich) between towers of shoe boxes and stuffed shelves of backpacks. 8．... marking a major step toward (introduce) contemporary Chinese voices to global audiences. 五、语法填空 Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry 1 (write) in classical Chinese. Many 2 (poem) come from particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty. Its existence 3 (document) at least as early as the publication of the Classic of Poetry or Shijing. 4 (variety) combinations of forms and genres exist. Many of them 5 (arise) in the Tang Dynasty. Development of classical Chinese poetry 6 (active) continued up to the year of 1919, 7 the May Fourth Movement took place, and is still popular even today. Poetry created during this 2,500-year period of more-or-less continuous development shows 8 great deal of diversity classified by both major historical periods and dynastic periods. Of the key aspects of classical Chinese poetry, another is 9 (it) intense interrelationship with other forms of Chinese art, such as Chinese painting and Chinese calligraphy. Classical Chinese poetry has proven to have strong influence 10 poetry worldwide. 六、完形填空 My school meant so much to me, as both my grandfather and father had graduated from there. So, when hearing the 1 calling for a group project to celebrate our school’s 100th anniversary, I was 2 . What a chance to honor the school my family had 3 for generations! 4 with Jack, a photography enthusiast, and Lisa, a talented writer, I thought cooperation (合作) would be 5 at first. But my enthusiasm quickly faded. Our first meeting was a 6 , full of endless chatting and disinterested shrugs (耸肩). By the next meeting, both of them even claimed they had been too busy and contributed nothing, leaving me 7 . Back home, I decided to take matters into my own hands. Seeing my slow and painful progress, Mom reminded me, “You can’t do this 8 . You should get them involved. Their skills can make it 9 .” Thinking it through, I knew I had to 10 . With three days left, I 11 my team again and suggested a brochure combining pictures with storytelling, their eyes 12 unexpectedly. Then we worked tirelessly: Jack 13 the school’s history with his camera, Lisa was 14 collecting inspiring stories of students and teachers, and I designed the layout. On presentation day, our brochure impressed everyone. As applause and praise filled the hall. I realized: individual talents mean little without 15 . 1．A．bell B．cheer C．announcement D．alarm 2．A．confused B．thrilled C．amused D．surprised 3．A．attended B．visited C．run D．supported 4．A．Compared B．Dissatisfied C．Competed D．Teamed 5．A．challenging B．easy C．unnecessary D．optional 6．A．lesson B．chance C．success D．disaster 7．A．delighted B．discouraged C．relaxed D．ashamed 8．A．alone B．often C．silently D．quickly 9．A．fail B．appear C．shine D．continue 10．A．rise B．talk C．act D．leave 11．A．built B．gathered C．quit D．praised 12．A．blinking B．closing C．narrowing D．brightening 13．A．captured B．studied C．wrote D．created 14．A．engaged in B．bored with C．concerned about D．faced with 15．A．practice B．competition C．kindness D．unity 七、阅读理解 Jules Verne is widely regarded as one of the fathers of science fiction. His “Extraordinary Voyages (航海)” series transport readers on grand adventures to the far reaches of Earth and beyond. But Verne did more than just tell entertaining stories — he also predicted over 100 modern-day inventions and technologies in his writings. For example, in the 1889 short story In the Year 2889, Verne painted a picture of a highly networked world with global multimedia communications. He described the “phonotelephote,” which sent sound and images over great distances. The main character, Fritz Napoleon Smith, is able to easily communicate via this technology with his wife on another continent: “Mr. Smith was able distinctly to see his wife despite the distance that separated him from her. Mrs. Smith immediately appeared on the telephotic screen, with her features smiling and her eyes moist (潮湿的) with tears.” Verne’s technically-grounded adventure tales represented a new approach to imagining the future through fiction. Unlike other writers of his day who penned more fanciful or supernatural stories, Verne aimed for realism in his futuristic visions, always basing them on cutting-edge science and his own extensive research. This laid the foundation for the “hard science fiction” of the 20th century and beyond. Verne is often thought of as a technological optimist, a champion of scientific progress and innovation. But his writings also reveal another perspective. Many of his stories feature a brilliant but mad scientist whose inventions ultimately bring more harm than good. Captain Nemo in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea uses his submarine (潜艇) to violently attack ships. For Verne, human nature determined whether technology would be a force for good or a source of destruction. The spirit of adventure in Verne’s timeless stories will live on, continuing to inspire generations to push the boundaries of the possible and create the world of tomorrow. That is perhaps the greatest achievement of the extraordinary voyages of Jules Verne. 1．How does Mr. Smith get in touch with his wife? A．Via a sound-image communication device. B．By sailing a cross-continental submarine. C．Through traditional handwritten letters. D．By driving fast vehicles to visit her. 2．How did Verne’s writing differ from that of other writers at his time? A．He focused on supernatural events. B．He preferred fanciful and unrealistic plots. C．He based his stories on realistic science and research. D．He only wrote about optimistic futures. 3．What can we infer about Verne from Captain Nemo’s story? A．He is confident in human nature. B．He is supportive of scientific advance. C．He is different from the writers of his time. D．He is aware of the danger of technology. 4．What is the most suitable description of Jules Verne according to the passage? A．Sensitive and positive-minded. B．Imaginative and forward-thinking. C．Creative and strong-willed. D．Adventurous and fantasy-seeking. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 1．受害者 ________________ 2．申请 n. ________________ 3．道歉 v. ________________ 4．陪同，陪伴 v. ________________ 5．可供替代的 ________________ 6．拥护，提倡 ________________ 7．大气；气氛 ________________ 8．假设 n. ________________ 9．到达 n. ________________ 10．权威，官方 ________________ 【答案】 1．victim 2．application 3．apologize/apologise 4．accompany 5．alternative 6．advocate 7．atmosphere 8．assumption 9．arrival 10．authority 【详解】 1．“受害者”，英文表达为victim，故填victim。 2．名词“申请”，英文表达为application，故填application。 3．动词“道歉”，英文表达为apologize/apologise，故填apologize/apologise。 4．动词“陪同，陪伴”，英文表达为accompany，故填accompany。 5．“可供替代的”，英文表达为alternative，故填alternative。 6．“拥护，提倡”，英文表达为advocate，故填advocate。 7．“大气；气氛”，英文表达为atmosphere，故填atmosphere。 8．名词“假设”，英文表达为assumption，故填assumption。 9．名词“到达”，英文表达为arrival，故填arrival。 10．“权威，官方”，英文表达为authority，故填authority。 二、选词填空 从词汇框中选择合适的单词完成句子。 rough  released  pessimistic  purchase   contest   undergo   core  visually  worthy  breakthrough    reform   folk     1．The article is of being read carefully and thought about deeply by every student. 2．The government plans to the old education system. 3．I hold the firm belief that we can make a great in the treatment of cancer. 4．The list of winners has just been . 5．Some artists a change in middle life. 6．His hands are because of hard work. 7．The of their appeal is food safety. 8．Some people are about the future , but I’m hopeful. 9．The movie is attractive with bright colors. 10．I heard you won the first prize at the speech . 【答案】 1．worthy 2．reform 3．breakthrough 4．released 5．undergo 6．rough 7．core 8．pessimistic 9．visually 10．contest 【详解】 1．考查形容词。句意：这篇文章值得每个学生仔细阅读和深入思考。根据空前的“is”和空后的“of being read”以及句意可知，此处为固定搭配“be worthy of doing sth.”，意为“值得做某事”，其中worthy为形容词，意为“值得的”。 2．考查动词。句意：政府计划改革旧的教育体系。根据“plans to”可知，此处为plan to do sth.，意为“计划做某事”，空处应填动词原形，又根据句意“旧的教育体系”可知，应是对此进行“改革”，填原形reform。 3．考查名词。句意：我坚信我们能在癌症治疗方面取得重大突破。分析从句句子成分及根据空前的“a”和形容词“great”可知，空处应填名词，作make的宾语，根据句意“在癌症治疗方面”取得的应是重大突破，breakthrough意为“突破”。 4．考查动词。句意：获奖者名单刚刚被公布。本句主语为The list，谓语为现在完成时被动语态，空处应填过去分词，且能与主语搭配，结合句意，“名单”应是被“发布、公布”出来，动词release表达该意，其过去分词为released。 5．考查动词。句意：一些艺术家在中年经历了变化。句子主语artists为复数形式，空处需要填动词作谓语，且此处为对一般情况的陈述，应用一般现在时，动词undergo意为“经历”，可与空后宾语a change构成动宾搭配。 6．考查形容词。句意：因为辛苦劳作，他的手很粗糙。空处需要填形容词作表语，根据句意“因辛苦劳作”而导致的应是手很粗糙，rough为形容词，意为“粗糙的”。 7．考查名词。句意：他们诉求的核心是食品安全。空处需要填名词作主语，根据句意，他们的“诉求”与“食品安全”有关，这应是诉求的最核心内容，在定冠词The和介词of前，用名词core符合题意，意为“核心”。 8．考查形容词。句意：有些人对未来感到悲观，但我充满希望。空处需要填形容词作表语，且与后文“hopeful”表达相反含义。形容词pessimistic意为“悲观的”，与“hopeful”形成对比。 9．考查副词。句意：这部电影色彩鲜艳，视觉上很吸引人。空处需要填副词修饰形容词attractive，结合句意“电影色彩鲜艳”，应是在视觉上吸引人，visually为副词，意为“视觉上”，作状语修饰attractive。 10．考查名词。句意：我听说你在演讲比赛中获得了一等奖。空处需填入名词，与the speech构成名词短语，作介词at的宾语。根据句意“获得了一等奖”可知，这是一次演讲比赛，名词contest意为“比赛、竞赛”，符合语境。 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．— The place __________ (被称作) as the City of Culture attracts countless visitors every year. — I really hope I can pay a visit to it during the coming winter holiday. 【答案】referred to 【详解】句意：——这个被称作“文化之城”的地方每年吸引无数游客。——我真希望能在即将到来的寒假去参观它。“被称为”为固定短语be referred to as，是refer to ...as...“把……称为……”的被动语态，句中已有谓语动词attracts，The place与refer to之间为逻辑上的被动关系，用过去分词短语referred to作后置定语。 2．He spent two hours _________________________ (整理) his study yesterday. 【答案】tidying up 【详解】句意：他昨天花了两小时整理书房。“整理”可用短语tidy up。根据固定句型“spend time (in) doing sth. (花费时间做某事)”可知，此空是tidying up。 3．Neither laziness nor fear of failure ________________ (能够阻挡心怀梦想的人奋勇前行). 【答案】can stop dreamers from moving forward bravely 【详解】句意：懒惰和对失败的恐惧都不能阻挡心怀梦想的人奋勇前行。根据汉语提示可知，此处表示“能够阻挡心怀梦想的人奋勇前行”，表示“能够”为情态动词can，表示“阻挡某人做某事”为固定搭配stop sb. from doing sth.，表示“心怀梦想的人”为dreamers作stop的宾语，表示“奋勇向前”为move forward bravely，作介词from的宾语，所以使用动名词短语moving forward bravely。 4．________ (早睡早起) is a good living habit. 【答案】Going to bed early and getting up early 【详解】句意：早睡早起是一种良好的生活习惯。根据汉语提示“早睡早起”可知，空处应用动词短语Go to bed early and get up early；分析句子结构，空格处需填入动名词短语作主语，句首单词首字母大写，因此表达为Going to bed early and getting up early。 5．I like ________ ________ ________ (和其他人交流). 【答案】communicating with others 【详解】句意：我喜欢和其他人交流。根据汉语提示“和其他人交流”可知，空处应用communicate with others，动词like表示“（长期一贯）喜欢做某事”时，后接动名词作宾语，因此communicate需要用动名词形式。 6．As a whole, ________________ (拥有丰富的词汇) is important for English learners. 【答案】having a rich vocabulary 【详解】句意：总的来说，拥有丰富的词汇对英语学习者很重要。“拥有丰富的词汇”用have a rich vocabulary，此处为宾语从句的主语，所以使用动名词短语having a rich vocabulary。 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．The girl (catch) stealing makeup from the drugstore was not allowed to enter any local shop for six months. 【答案】caught 【详解】句意：那个在杂货店偷化妆品被当场抓住的女孩，六个月内禁止进入当地任何一家商店。句子主干为The girl was not allowed...，空格部分作后置定语修饰The girl；girl和catch之间是被动关系，即女孩“被抓住”，因此使用过去分词caught表被动。 2．The market analysis report, (base) on first-hand data from over 2,000 consumers, provides a convincing conclusion. 【答案】based 【详解】句意：这份基于两千多名消费者一手数据的市场分析报告给出了令人信服的结论。report与 base是被动关系，固定搭配be based on，此处省略be动词用based作定语。 3．Chinese people follow the traditional (believe) that cleaning the house before the new year will sweep away bad luck and bring good fortune. 【答案】belief 【详解】句意：中国人秉持着传统观念：新年之前打扫房屋能够扫走霉运、带来好运。空格前为形容词 traditional，形容词修饰名词，空格处需填名词作动词follow的宾语；后文that引导同位语从句，解释说明该名词的内容。动词believe的名词形式为belief，意为“观念、信仰”。 4．The castle (surround) by a beautiful landscape attracts many tourists every year. 【答案】surrounded 【详解】句意：这座被秀美风光环绕的城堡每年都吸引着众多游客。句子主干为“The castle attracts many tourists”，已有谓语动词attracts，因此空格处为非谓语动词；The castle与动词surround之间为逻辑上的被动关系（城堡被美景环绕），用过去分词surrounded作后置定语，修饰名词The castle。 5．Every word (write) on the walls encourages us students to pursue our dreams. 【答案】written 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：写在墙上的每一句话都鼓励着我们学生去追逐梦想。本句中谓语动词是encourages，空白处在句子中作定语，使用非谓语动词。又因为逻辑主语Every word与write之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，使用过去分词。 6．A remarkable jade carving (discover) at Liangzhu ancient city may hold the key to understanding an ancient civilization that predates what many historians believed to be China’s oldest. 【答案】discovered 【详解】句意：在良渚古城发现的一件非凡的玉雕，或许能为我们理解一种古老文明提供关键线索，该文明比许多历史学家所认定的中国最古老文明还要久远。 句子主干为A remarkable jade carving may hold the key...，空格处作后置定语修饰jade carving，jade carving与discover之间是被动关系，表示“被发现的玉雕”，因此使用过去分词discovered作后置定语。 7．Absent are the narrow seats (sandwich) between towers of shoe boxes and stuffed shelves of backpacks. 【答案】sandwiched 【详解】句意：那些被夹在成堆鞋盒和塞满背包的架子之间的狭窄座位不见了。根据空后“between towers of shoe boxes and stuffed shelves of backpacks”可知，空处需填非谓语动词；sandwich与其逻辑主语seats之间为被动关系，表示“被夹在中间”，应用过去分词sandwiched作后置定语。 8．... marking a major step toward (introduce) contemporary Chinese voices to global audiences. 【答案】introducing 【详解】句意：……标志着向全球读者介绍当代中国声音迈出重要一步。本空作介词toward的宾语，用动名词形式introducing。 五、语法填空 Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry 1 (write) in classical Chinese. Many 2 (poem) come from particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty. Its existence 3 (document) at least as early as the publication of the Classic of Poetry or Shijing. 4 (variety) combinations of forms and genres exist. Many of them 5 (arise) in the Tang Dynasty. Development of classical Chinese poetry 6 (active) continued up to the year of 1919, 7 the May Fourth Movement took place, and is still popular even today. Poetry created during this 2,500-year period of more-or-less continuous development shows 8 great deal of diversity classified by both major historical periods and dynastic periods. Of the key aspects of classical Chinese poetry, another is 9 (it) intense interrelationship with other forms of Chinese art, such as Chinese painting and Chinese calligraphy. Classical Chinese poetry has proven to have strong influence 10 poetry worldwide. 【答案】 1．written 2．poems 3．is documented 4．Various 5．arose 6．actively 7．when 8．a 9．its 10．on/upon 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了中国古典诗歌的发展及影响。 【详解】 1．考查非谓语动词。句意：中国古诗是用古文写成的中国传统诗歌。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词，write与poetry之间是动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填written。 2．考查名词复数。句意：许多诗歌，比如唐诗，来自特定的历史时期。poem为可数名词，其前有Many修饰，故用复数形式。故填 poems。 3．考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它的存在至少在《诗经》出版时就有记载。document在此表示“记录，记载”，是及物动词，document与主语existence之间是被动关系，且此处表示客观事实，要用一般现在时的被动语态，主语是不可数名词，be动词用is。故填is documented。 4．考查形容词。句意：存在着各种形式和体裁的组合。空处修饰名词combinations，故填形容词作定语，various多种多样的，形容词，句首单词首字母应大写。故填Various。 5．考查一般过去时。句意：它们中的很多产生于唐代。arise“产生，出现”是不及物动词，根据时间状语“in the Tang Dynasty”可知应用一般过去时。故填arose。 6．考查副词。句意：中国古诗的发展一直积极地持续到1919年发生的五四运动，甚至今天仍然很流行。分析句子结构可知，空格处修饰谓语动词continued，故用副词 actively“积极地”。故填actively。 7．考查定语从句。句意同上。分析句子结构可知，空格处引导定语从句，先行词是the year of 1919，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when，故填when。 8．考查不定冠词。句意：在这2500年或多或少持续发展的时期里，诗歌创作呈现出很大的多样性，无论是主要历史时期还是王朝时期。a great deal of“大量的，许多”，是固定短语。故填a。 9．考查形容词性物主代词。句意：在中国古典诗歌的关键方面，另一个是它与中国其他艺术形式的密切相互关系，如中国绘画和中国书法。修饰名词interrelationship应用形容词性物主代词，故填its。 10．考查介词。句意：中国古诗对全世界诗歌的影响被证明是巨大的。influence常与介词on或upon连用，have influence on/upon对……有影响。故填on/upon。 六、完形填空 My school meant so much to me, as both my grandfather and father had graduated from there. So, when hearing the 1 calling for a group project to celebrate our school’s 100th anniversary, I was 2 . What a chance to honor the school my family had 3 for generations! 4 with Jack, a photography enthusiast, and Lisa, a talented writer, I thought cooperation (合作) would be 5 at first. But my enthusiasm quickly faded. Our first meeting was a 6 , full of endless chatting and disinterested shrugs (耸肩). By the next meeting, both of them even claimed they had been too busy and contributed nothing, leaving me 7 . Back home, I decided to take matters into my own hands. Seeing my slow and painful progress, Mom reminded me, “You can’t do this 8 . You should get them involved. Their skills can make it 9 .” Thinking it through, I knew I had to 10 . With three days left, I 11 my team again and suggested a brochure combining pictures with storytelling, their eyes 12 unexpectedly. Then we worked tirelessly: Jack 13 the school’s history with his camera, Lisa was 14 collecting inspiring stories of students and teachers, and I designed the layout. On presentation day, our brochure impressed everyone. As applause and praise filled the hall. I realized: individual talents mean little without 15 . 1．A．bell B．cheer C．announcement D．alarm 2．A．confused B．thrilled C．amused D．surprised 3．A．attended B．visited C．run D．supported 4．A．Compared B．Dissatisfied C．Competed D．Teamed 5．A．challenging B．easy C．unnecessary D．optional 6．A．lesson B．chance C．success D．disaster 7．A．delighted B．discouraged C．relaxed D．ashamed 8．A．alone B．often C．silently D．quickly 9．A．fail B．appear C．shine D．continue 10．A．rise B．talk C．act D．leave 11．A．built B．gathered C．quit D．praised 12．A．blinking B．closing C．narrowing D．brightening 13．A．captured B．studied C．wrote D．created 14．A．engaged in B．bored with C．concerned about D．faced with 15．A．practice B．competition C．kindness D．unity 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．D 【导语】作者因家族渊源十分看重母校百年校庆项目，组队后队友消极怠工，听从母亲建议调动队友分工合作完成手册，领悟到团结远比个人能力重要。 【详解】 1．考查名词。句意：所以，当听到号召大家组队完成项目庆祝学校百年校庆的通知时，我十分激动。A. bell铃声；B. cheer欢呼；C. announcement通知；D. alarm警报。后文“calling for a group project to celebrate our school's 100th anniversary”是征集校庆小组项目的消息，announcement指官方通知。 2．考查形容词。句意：所以，当听到号召大家组队完成项目庆祝学校百年校庆的通知时，我十分激动。A. confused困惑的；B. thrilled激动的；C. amused觉得好笑的；D. surprised惊讶的。根据上文“My school meant so much to me, as both my grandfather and father had graduated from there.”可知，祖辈父辈都毕业于此校，作者十分珍视学校，得到校庆项目机会内心激动。 3．考查动词。句意：这是一个致敬我们家族几代人就读过的学校的绝佳机会。A. attended上（学），出席；B. visited参观；C. run运营；D. supported支持。根据上文“My school meant so much to me, as both my grandfather and father had graduated from there.”可知，祖父和父亲都从这所学校毕业，attend school表示“上学”。 4．考查动词。句意：我和摄影爱好者杰克、文笔出众的莉萨组队，起初我以为合作会很顺利。A. Compared对比；B. Dissatisfied使不满，使失望；C. Competed竞争；D. Teamed组队。后文“my team again”出现team，此处team with表示“与……组队”。 5．考查形容词。句意：我和摄影爱好者杰克、文笔出众的莉萨组队，起初我以为合作会很顺利。A. challenging有挑战的；B. easy轻松的；C. unnecessary没必要的；D. optional可选择的。后文“But my enthusiasm quickly faded.”转折说热情消退、合作糟糕，可见最初我以为合作简单容易。 6．考查名词。句意：我们第一次碰面一团糟，全程闲聊不停，两人全程毫无兴致、不停耸肩。A. lesson课程；B. chance机会；C. success成功；D. disaster彻底失败的人（或事），极为糟糕的事。根据后文“full of endless chatting and disinterested shrugs”以及后文提到初次会面效率极低、组员消极，场面十分糟糕。 7．考查形容词。句意：第二次碰面时两人都称太忙，一点成果都没交出，让我倍感灰心。A. delighted开心的；B. discouraged灰心的；C. relaxed放松的；D. ashamed羞愧的。根据上文“both of them even claimed they had been too busy and contributed nothing”可知，队友全程摆烂、毫无付出，我独自承担压力，内心失落气馁。 8．考查副词。句意：看着我进展缓慢又吃力，妈妈提醒我，你不能独自完成这件事。A. alone独自地；B. often经常；C. silently安静地；D. quickly快速地。根据后文“You should get them involved.”可知，妈妈劝说作者不要单打独斗，要带动队友参与。 9．考查动词。句意：他们的特长能让作品大放异彩。A. fail失败；B. appear出现；C. shine出彩；D. continue继续。根据上文“with Jack, a photography enthusiast, and Lisa, a talented writer”可知，杰克擅长摄影、莉萨擅长写作，发挥两人优势能让项目出彩亮眼。 10．考查动词。句意：仔细思考后，我明白自己必须行动起来。A. rise上升；B. talk交谈；C. act行动；D. leave离开。根据后文“With three days left, I ____ my team again and suggested a brochure combining pictures with storytelling, their eyes ____ unexpectedly.”可知，听完母亲建议，作者不再独自硬扛，主动想办法调动队友，要采取实际行动。 11．考查动词。句意：还剩三天时，我再次召集组员，提议制作图文结合的纪念小册子。A. built建造；B. gathered召集；C. quit放弃；D. praised夸奖。根据后文“my team again and suggested a brochure combining pictures with storytelling”可知，作者主动重新集合两位队友，商量新方案，gather表示召集众人。 12．考查动词。句意：还剩三天时，我再次召集组员，提议制作图文结合的纪念小册子，他俩的眼睛意外亮了起来。A. blinking眨眼；B. closing闭上；C. narrowing使窄小；D. brightening发亮。根据上文“suggested a brochure combining pictures with storytelling, their eyes”以及空后“unexpectedly”可知，贴合两人摄影、写作特长的方案让他们提起兴趣，眼前一亮。 13．考查动词。句意：之后我们全力协作：杰克用镜头记录学校的历史，莉萨专心收集师生动人故事，我负责版面设计。A. captured拍摄；B. studied研究；C. wrote书写；D. created创造。根据后文“the school’s history with his camera”杰克是摄影爱好者，用相机捕捉校园历史画面，capture有拍摄取景含义。 14．考查形容词短语。句意：之后我们全力协作：杰克用镜头记录学校的历史，莉萨专心收集师生动人故事，我负责版面设计。A. engaged in专心从事；B. bored with厌烦；C. concerned about担忧；D. faced with面对。根据后文“collecting inspiring stories of students and teachers”可知，分工后三人认真完成各自任务，莉萨专注搜集故事，engage in表示全身心投入。 15．考查名词。句意：热烈的掌声与赞美响彻大厅，我意识到：缺少团结，个人才华毫无意义。A. practice练习；B. competition竞争；C. kindness善意；D. unity团结。前期各自单干进展糟糕，通力合作后作品广受好评，结合空前“realized: individual talents mean little without ”可知，文章主旨突出团队团结的重要性。 七、阅读理解 Jules Verne is widely regarded as one of the fathers of science fiction. His “Extraordinary Voyages (航海)” series transport readers on grand adventures to the far reaches of Earth and beyond. But Verne did more than just tell entertaining stories — he also predicted over 100 modern-day inventions and technologies in his writings. For example, in the 1889 short story In the Year 2889, Verne painted a picture of a highly networked world with global multimedia communications. He described the “phonotelephote,” which sent sound and images over great distances. The main character, Fritz Napoleon Smith, is able to easily communicate via this technology with his wife on another continent: “Mr. Smith was able distinctly to see his wife despite the distance that separated him from her. Mrs. Smith immediately appeared on the telephotic screen, with her features smiling and her eyes moist (潮湿的) with tears.” Verne’s technically-grounded adventure tales represented a new approach to imagining the future through fiction. Unlike other writers of his day who penned more fanciful or supernatural stories, Verne aimed for realism in his futuristic visions, always basing them on cutting-edge science and his own extensive research. This laid the foundation for the “hard science fiction” of the 20th century and beyond. Verne is often thought of as a technological optimist, a champion of scientific progress and innovation. But his writings also reveal another perspective. Many of his stories feature a brilliant but mad scientist whose inventions ultimately bring more harm than good. Captain Nemo in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea uses his submarine (潜艇) to violently attack ships. For Verne, human nature determined whether technology would be a force for good or a source of destruction. The spirit of adventure in Verne’s timeless stories will live on, continuing to inspire generations to push the boundaries of the possible and create the world of tomorrow. That is perhaps the greatest achievement of the extraordinary voyages of Jules Verne. 1．How does Mr. Smith get in touch with his wife? A．Via a sound-image communication device. B．By sailing a cross-continental submarine. C．Through traditional handwritten letters. D．By driving fast vehicles to visit her. 2．How did Verne’s writing differ from that of other writers at his time? A．He focused on supernatural events. B．He preferred fanciful and unrealistic plots. C．He based his stories on realistic science and research. D．He only wrote about optimistic futures. 3．What can we infer about Verne from Captain Nemo’s story? A．He is confident in human nature. B．He is supportive of scientific advance. C．He is different from the writers of his time. D．He is aware of the danger of technology. 4．What is the most suitable description of Jules Verne according to the passage? A．Sensitive and positive-minded. B．Imaginative and forward-thinking. C．Creative and strong-willed. D．Adventurous and fantasy-seeking. 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 【导语】文章主要介绍科幻之父儒勒・凡尔纳的成就，他在作品中预言大量现代科技，写作立足前沿科学、注重写实，同时辩证看待科技的利弊，其作品至今仍激励后人探索未来。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据原文第二段“He described the “phonotelephote,” which sent sound and images over great distances. (他描绘了一种名为“声像传讯仪”的设备，它可以远距离传输声音和图像。)”以及第三段“Mr. Smith was able distinctly to see his wife despite the distance that separated him from her.(尽管相隔遥远，史密斯先生仍能清晰看见妻子。)”可知，史密斯先生依靠可传输声音和图像的通讯设备与妻子取得联系。 2．细节理解题。根据原文第四段“Unlike other writers of his day who penned more fanciful or supernatural stories, Verne aimed for realism in his futuristic visions, always basing them on cutting-edge science and his own extensive research.(与他那个时代其他创作奇幻、超自然故事的作家不同，凡尔纳力求对未来的构想贴合现实，所有构想都以前沿科学和他大量的研究为依据。)”可知，凡尔纳的故事以真实的科学与研究为基础，这是他和同期作家的区别。 3．推理判断题。根据原文第五段“Many of his stories feature a brilliant but mad scientist whose inventions ultimately bring more harm than good. Captain Nemo in 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea uses his submarine (潜艇) to violently attack ships.(他许多故事里都有聪慧却疯狂的科学家，他们的发明最终弊大于利。《海底两万里》中的尼摩船长驾驶潜艇暴力袭击船只。)”可知，凡尔纳意识到科技存在潜在危险。 4．推理判断题。根据原文第一段“But Verne did more than just tell entertaining stories — he also predicted over 100 modern-day inventions and technologies in his writings.(但凡尔纳不只是讲述有趣的故事，他还在作品中预言了一百多种现代发明与科技。)”以及末段“The spirit of adventure in Verne’s timeless stories will live on, continuing to inspire generations to push the boundaries of the possible and create the world of tomorrow.(凡尔纳经典故事中的冒险精神永存，不断激励一代代人突破可能性的边界，创造明日世界。)”可知，凡尔纳想象力丰富且富有远见。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 4 Period 2 Grammar and usage 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 一、汉译英 【答案】 1．victim 2．application 3．apologize/apologise 4．accompany 5．alternative 6．advocate 7．atmosphere 8．assumption 9．arrival 10．authority 二、选词填空 【答案】 1．worthy 2．reform 3．breakthrough 4．released 5．undergo 6．rough 7．core 8．pessimistic 9．visually 10．contest 三、根据汉语提示完成句子 1．【答案】referred to 2．【答案】tidying up 3．【答案】can stop dreamers from moving forward bravely 4．【答案】Going to bed early and getting up early 5．【答案】communicating with others 6．【答案】having a rich vocabulary 四、所给词的适当形式填空 1．【答案】caught 2．【答案】based 3．【答案】belief 4．【答案】surrounded 5．【答案】written 6．【答案】discovered 7．【答案】sandwiched 8．【答案】introducing 五、语法填空 【答案】 1．written 2．poems 3．is documented 4．Various 5．arose 6．actively 7．when 8．a 9．its 10．on/upon 六、完形填空 【答案】 1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．B 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．C 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．A 15．D 七、阅读理解 【答案】 1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $