内容正文:
2026-2027学年 人教版八年级上册
Unit 4
Amazing Plants and Animals
神奇的植物与动物 · 暑期预习学案
词汇 | 短语 | 句型 | 语法 | 语音 | 写作
1
Q
单元概览
Unit Overview · Big Question
BIG Question:What makes plants and animals amazing? 是什么让植物和动物如此神奇?
1
谈论神奇生物
talk about amazing
plants & animals
2
用最高级比较
use superlatives
to compare
3
讨论联系
discuss the
connections
4
探索重要性
explore why they
matter to us
Section A
Amazing plants and animals
介绍神奇动植物 · 最高级 · 语音 /eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ/ 与辅音连缀
Section B
How are they connected with us?
蜜蜂/蓝鲸阅读 · 联系与保护 · 海报写作(FCCA)
2
O
学习目标
Learning Objectives
比
比较技能
Superlatives
能用形容词/副词最高级比较三个及以上事物,用 in/among/on/of 表达比较范围。
词
词汇
60+ words · 4 groups
掌握 60+ 单词:动植物名词、描述性形容词及其最高级、动作联系动词、功能词。
法
语法
Superlative Forms
掌握最高级的构成,运用 最高级+范围 与 one of the+最高级+复数名词 结构。
能
功能
Functions
描述动植物的独特之处,表达人与自然的联系、保护倡议与重要性。
文
文化
Culture
理解“没有它们我们无法生存”,体会竹之善、银杏之长,培养爱护自然的意识。
3
V
词汇精讲(一)动植物与自然界名词
Vocabulary · Plants & Animals
English 中文 音标
blue whale
蓝鲸
/bluː weɪl/
redwood
红杉(树)
/ˈredwʊd/
cheetah
猎豹
/ˈtʃiːtə/
moss
苔藓
/mɒs/
bamboo
竹子
/ˌbæmˈbuː/
ginkgo
银杏
/ˈɡɪŋɡəʊ/
bee
蜜蜂
/biː/
honeycomb
蜂巢
/ˈhʌnikəʊm/
English 中文 音标
frog
青蛙
/frɒɡ/
butterfly
蝴蝶
/ˈbʌtəflaɪ/
peony
牡丹
/ˈpiːəni/
lotus
莲花
/ˈləʊtəs/
rose
玫瑰
/rəʊz/
panda
熊猫
/ˈpændə/
elephant bird
象鸟(已灭绝)
/ˈelɪfənt bɜːd/
pollination
授粉
/ˌpɒləˈneɪʃn/
例句 The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.
蓝鲸是世界上最大、最重的动物。
4
V
词汇精讲(二)描述性形容词(含最高级)
Vocabulary · Adjectives & Superlatives
English 中文 最高级
beautiful
美丽的
→ most beautiful
big
大的
→ biggest
fast
快的
→ fastest
heavy
重的
→ heaviest
large
大的
→ largest
long
长的
→ longest
old
老的
→ oldest
small
小的
→ smallest
English 中文 最高级
tall
高的
→ tallest
short
矮的/短的
→ shortest
cute
可爱的
→ cutest
colourful
多彩的
→ most colourful
ancient
古老的
→ most ancient
common
常见的
→ most common
good
好的
→ best(不规则)
popular
受欢迎的
→ most popular
例句 Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world.
竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。useful(有用的)最高级为 most useful。
5
V
词汇精讲(三)动作与联系动词 + 补充词
Vocabulary · Action & Connection Verbs
English 中文 音标 / 搭配
appear
出现;似乎
/əˈpɪə(r)/
connect
连接;联系
/kəˈnekt/ be connected
communicate
交流;沟通
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
imagine
想象
/ɪˈmædʒɪn/
protect
保护;防护
/prəˈtekt/ protect...from
store
贮存;存储
/stɔː(r)/ store honey
weigh
有…重;称重
/weɪ/ weigh 200 tons
disappoint
使失望
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/
pollinate
授粉
/ˈpɒləneɪt/
believe
相信;认为
/bɪˈliːv/
English 中文 音标 / 搭配
land
陆地;降落
/lænd/ land in water
help
帮助;有助于
/help/ help plants grow
create
创造;造成
/kriˈeɪt/ create honeycomb
shoot
幼苗;嫩芽
/ʃuːt/ bamboo shoot
tool
工具;手段
/tuːl/ make tools
actually
实际上;居然
/ˈæktʃuəli/ adv.
folding
折叠式的
/ˈfəʊldɪŋ/ folding fan
wing
翅膀;翼
/wɪŋ/ colourful wings
mushroom
蘑菇;伞菌
/ˈmʌʃrʊm/
ant
蚂蚁
/ænt/ like bees
小贴士 connect 的形容词 connected(相连的);名词 connection(联系)。
protect...from... 保护……免受……;feel free (to do) 可随便做。
6
V
词汇精讲(四)功能词与抽象名词 + 自然补充
Vocabulary · Function & Abstract Words
English 中文 音标 / 词性
habit
习惯
/ˈhæbɪt/ n.
height
高度
/haɪt/ n.
size
尺寸;大小
/saɪz/ n.
weight
重量
/weɪt/ n.
joy
欢乐
/dʒɔɪ/ n. bring joy
happiness
幸福;快乐
/ˈhæpinəs/ n.
fun
乐趣;有趣
/fʌn/ n.
anger
愤怒
/ˈæŋɡə(r)/ n.
symbol
象征
/ˈsɪmbl/ a symbol of
dance
舞蹈(蜜蜂的舞)
/dɑːns/ n.
English 中文 音标 / 词性
connection
联系;连接
/kəˈnekʃn/ n.
importance
重要性
/ɪmˈpɔːtns/ n.
action
行动;行为
/ˈækʃn/ n.
role
作用;角色
/rəʊl/ play a role
title
标题;名称
/ˈtaɪtl/ n.
human
人;人类的
/ˈhjuːmən/ n.&adj.
percent
百分之…
/pəˈsent/ 80 per cent
province
省份
/ˈprɒvɪns/ Shaanxi
climate
气候
/ˈklaɪmət/ climate change
ocean
大海;海洋
/ˈəʊʃn/ Arctic Ocean
小贴士 tiny(极小的)/ lively(生机勃勃的)/ except(除…之外)/ without(没有)。
be home to... 是……的栖息地;play a role in... 在……中发挥作用。
7
L
词汇搭配与用法
Useful Collocations
be home to
是……的栖息地
play an important part / role in
在……中起重要作用
be connected with / to
与……相连;有关联
in order to
为了;以便
protect ... from ...
保护……免受……
one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
最……的……之一
feel free (to do sth)
可以随便做(某事)
without
没有;缺乏
for this reason
出于这个原因
take care of
爱护;照顾
up to
接近;直到(live up to 90 years)
except
除……之外(live in all oceans except)
8
P
重点短语(一)范围与独特之处
Key Phrases · Range & Uniqueness
in the world
在世界上
among all land animals
在所有陆地动物之中
on this planet
在这个星球上
one of the most popular subjects
最受欢迎的主题之一
a symbol of goodness
善良的象征
grow almost one metre in one day
一天长近一米
use ... to build houses
用……建造房屋
make tools and instruments
制作工具和乐器
bamboo shoots
竹笋
one of the fastest-growing plants
生长最快的植物之一
one of the most useful plants
最有用的植物之一
weigh as much as 200 tons
重达 200 吨
live up to 90 years
寿命长达 90 年
the most amazing animals on earth
地球上最令人惊奇的动物
play an important role in ...
在……中起重要作用
be home to many birds
是许多鸟类的家园
9
P
重点短语(二)联系·保护·活动
Key Phrases · Connection & Protection
the number of bees is dropping
蜜蜂数量正在下降
protect ... from ...
保护……免受……
we can't live without bees
没有蜜蜂就无法生存
connect with ...
与……相联系
on one trip
一次出行中
take pollen with them
随身带走花粉
help plants grow
帮助植物生长
as they fly from one flower to another
当它们从一朵花飞向另一朵
tell the others where and how far
告诉同伴食物在哪、多远
create a honeycomb
筑造蜂巢
store honey
储存蜂蜜
take care of animals and plants
爱护动植物
in fact
确切地说;实际上
for this reason
出于这个原因
in order to
为了;以便
feel free (to do)
可以随便做某事
10
S
核心句型(一)最高级 + 比较范围
Sentence Patterns · Superlatives
最高级
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal in the world.
蓝鲸是世界上最大最重的动物。
最高级
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
猎豹在所有陆地动物中跑得最快。
one of
The redwood is one of the tallest trees on earth.
红杉是地球上最高的树之一。
one of
Bamboo is one of the most useful plants in the world.
竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。
one of
Ginkgo is one of the most ancient living trees.
银杏是地球上最古老的活树之一。
one of
Bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
蜜蜂是这种联系最好的例子之一。
最高级
The rose is the most beautiful flower in my garden.
玫瑰是我花园里最美的花。
最高级
The panda is the cutest animal in the zoo.
熊猫是动物园里最可爱的动物。
最高级
This is the most interesting plant I've ever seen.
这是我见过最有趣的植物。
最高级
Which is the most beautiful of the three?
三者中哪个最美丽?
副词
The cheetah runs (the) fastest among land animals.
猎豹在陆地动物中跑得最快(副最高级)。
副词
Blue whales can live up to 90 years—the longest of great animals.
蓝鲸可活90年——大型动物中最长寿的。
11
S
核心句型(二)联系·保护·重要性
Sentence Patterns · Connection & Care
联系
We need each other to live.
我们需要彼此才能生存。
联系
People, plants, and animals are all connected.
人、植物、动物都彼此相连。
重要性
Bamboo is a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture.
竹子是中国文化里善良的象征。
重要性
Bees are the most important animals on this planet.
蜜蜂是地球上最重要的动物。
重要性
Blue whales play an important role in our world.
蓝鲸在我们的世界起重要作用。
保护
Blue whales play an important role, so we must protect them.
蓝鲸作用重要,我们必须保护它们。
保护
Pollination helps plants grow, so we need bees to live.
授粉助植物生长,我们需要蜜蜂。
保护
The number of bees is dropping, and scientists are worried.
蜜蜂数量下降,科学家担忧。
保护
Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals.
想想你能为保护最神奇动物做些什么。
提问
What makes plants and animals amazing?
是什么让植物和动物如此神奇?
行动
For this reason, we should take care of them.
因此,我们应爱护它们。
行动
Let's plant more trees and protect nature!
我们多种树、保护自然!
12
A
句型解析
Pattern Analysis · 6 大核心句型
1
最高级 + 范围
the + 最高级 + in / among / on
in+地点、among+群体、on+星球,引出比较范围。
2
one of the + 最高级
one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
表示“最……的……之一”,名词必须用复数。
3
副词最高级
runs (the) fastest
副词最高级前 the 常省略(口语),如 runs fastest。
4
描述独特之处
It is the largest / one of the most ...
用最高级或 one of 结构说明动植物的独特之处(Fact)。
5
联系与保护
We need each other to live.
用 connected / protect / take care of 表达关联与保护。
6
主题升华提问
What makes ... amazing?
用特殊疑问句升华单元主题,引导思考与写作。
13
G
语法(一)最高级构成
Grammar · Forming Superlatives
最高级用于三者或以上的比较。构成分六类,结合本单元词汇记牢。
类别
构成规则
原级 → 最高级
本单元例词
单音节词
词尾 + -est
tall → tallest
fast, large, big, old, long
以不发音 e 结尾
词尾 + -st
nice → nicest
large, white
辅音 + y 结尾
变 y 为 i + -est
heavy → heaviest
early, happy
重读闭音节
双写尾字母 + -est
big → biggest
hot, red
多音节/部分双音节
前加 most
beautiful → most beautiful
interesting, popular, amazing
不规则变化
特殊形式
good/well → best
bad→worst, many/much→most, far→farthest
记忆口诀 & 注意
口诀:单音加-est,多音加 most,e 结尾加-st,y 结尾 i 来替,重读闭音节双写尾,不规则单独记。
• 形容词最高级前必须加 the(the largest / the most useful)。
• most 修饰多音节词;-est 不可与 most 混用(× most tallest)。
14
G
语法(二)最高级 + 比较范围
Grammar · Superlative + Range
结构 the + 最高级 + in / among / on / of + 范围
范围引导词
例句
中文
in + 地点/范围
The blue whale is the largest animal in the world.
世界上最大的动物
among + 群体
The cheetah runs the fastest among all land animals.
陆地动物中跑得最快
on + 星球/表面
Bees are the most important animals on this planet.
地球上最重要的动物
of + 所属
Which is the most beautiful of the three?
三者中哪个最美丽
用法规则 Usage Rules
• in 用于地点/范围最大(in the world / in China);among 用于同类群体(among all land animals)。
• on 用于星球或表面(on this planet / on earth);of 用于所属三者及以上(of the three)。
• 形容词最高级必须加 the;副词最高级(runs fastest)the 常省略。
15
G
语法(三)名词后缀与 one of 结构
Grammar · Noun Suffixes & one of
名词后缀构词法
-ance
appear → appearance
important → importance
-ion
act → action
imagine → imagination
communicate → communication
connect → connection
-ness
good → goodness
kind → kindness
-ity
real → reality
popular → popularity
one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词
1
Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing plants.
2
It's one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.
3
Ginkgo is one of the most ancient living trees on earth.
4
Bees are one of the best examples of this connection.
16
P
语音知识
Pronunciation · Diphthongs & Clusters
/eɪ/
字母组合 a / ai / ay
whale
rain
stay
great
The whale stays in the rain.
/aɪ/
字母组合 i / y / igh
ice
fly
high
tie
I fly high in the sky.
/ɔɪ/
字母组合 oy / oi
toy
join
choice
voice
The boy makes a choice.
/bl//cl//gl/
辅音连缀(清辅音组)
black
clean
glad
Blue black glass is clean.
/br//cr//gr/
辅音连缀(浊辅音组)
bread
cross
green
Brown bread grows green.
重音
连读与重音差异
California
forests
several
I visited the redwood forests in California several times.
17
T
课文回顾(一)Section A 竹子折扇
Text Review · Bamboo & The Fan
对话 · Ella & Chen Jie · 四川竹海折扇
Ella: Oh, what's that, Chen Jie? It's so beautiful!
Chen Jie: It's a folding fan. It has a painting of bamboo on it.
Chen Jie: Bamboo is one of the most popular subjects in Chinese paintings.
It's a symbol of goodness in Chinese culture.
Chen Jie: It's one of the fastest-growing plants—some grow almost one metre a day!
It's also one of the most useful plants: people build houses and make tools with it.
Ella: I remember pandas love to eat bamboo too, right?
Chen Jie: Exactly! Actually we eat bamboo shoots too. They're really delicious.
重点句型 one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词(most popular subjects / fastest-growing plants / most useful plants)
18
T
课文回顾(二)我们离不开蜜蜂
Text Review · We Can't Live Without Bees
Section B 1b · We Can't Live Without Bees(节选)
Bees are very hard-working, and their greatest work is pollination.
On one trip, they visit 50 to 100 flowers and take pollen with them.
Without their work, about 80 per cent of the world's plants cannot grow.
Many scientists believe bees are the most important animals on this planet.
Bees are also one of the most interesting animals—they communicate by dancing.
When a bee finds new food, it dances to tell others where and how far away it is.
Bees play an important part in the ecosystem, but their number is dropping.
Think about what you can do to protect one of the most amazing animals on earth.
19
T
课文回顾(三)蓝鲸与海报项目
Text Review · The Blue Whale & Project
The Blue Whale(3a 事实)
Weight: 重达 200 tons(最重动物)
Where: 除北冰洋外所有海洋
Food: 吃最小的海洋动物,约 4 tons/天
Life: 寿命长达 90 年
Importance: 死后成为食物,创造生态系统
Project · 制作动植物海报(4a-4d)
Name 名称
What is its name?
Home 栖息地
Where does it live / grow?
Why 选择理由
Why did you choose it?
Facts 有趣事实
What are some interesting facts?
主题升华 & 文化链接
Take care of animals and plants because we cannot live without them. (爱护动植物,因为没有它们我们无法生存。)
• bamboo 是中国文化里善良(goodness)的象征;ginkgo 象征希望与长寿。
• 蓝鲸死后滋养整个生态系统,体现“万物相连”。
• Project 用 FCCA 框架做海报,介绍一种动植物并呼吁保护。
20
W
写作指导 · 介绍一种动植物
Writing · Fact-Connection-Problem-Action
FCCA 四步框架
1
事实 Fact
Uniqueness
用最高级说独特之处
It is one of the cutest animals.
2
联系 Connection
Relation
写它与人类/自然关联
Bees help plants grow, so we need them.
3
问题 Problem
Crisis
指出面临的危机
The number is dropping; scientists worried.
4
行动 Action
Action
发出保护倡议
We must protect them / plant more trees.
范文 My Favourite Animal — the Giant Panda
The giant panda is one of the cutest animals in the world. It is also a symbol of friendship in China.
Pandas eat bamboo, and bamboo forests are home to many birds and other animals. We need them to keep nature balanced.
However, the number of pandas was once dropping, and scientists were worried about their future.
We must protect pandas and their homes. Let's plant more bamboo and take care of them.
If we work together, these amazing animals will live happily with us on this planet.
21
W
写作素材积累
Writing Materials · FCCA Support
事实 Fact 表达
the largest / heaviest animal
one of the most amazing animals
weigh as much as 200 tons
live up to 90 years
one of the fastest-growing plants
联系 Connection 表达
We need each other to live.
Bees help plants grow.
be home to many birds
keep nature balanced
people, plants and animals are connected
问题 Problem 表达
the number is dropping
scientists are worried
without their work, plants cannot grow
in danger
need our help
行动 Action 表达
protect ... from ...
take care of animals and plants
plant more trees
play an important role
think about what you can do
22
E
练习题型与备考建议
Exercise Types & Study Tips
1. 最高级填空
用所给词最高级补全句子
2. 选词匹配
heaviest/largest/fastest/tallest 配对
3. 范围介词填空
用 in / among / on / of 补全
4. 阅读理解
蜜蜂/蓝鲸主旨与细节理解
5. 语音辨析
区分双元音与辅音连缀
6. 海报制作
Project: make a poster
7. 主题写作
介绍动植物+联系与保护
学习建议 Tips
1
熟记最高级构成六类口诀
2
区分 in/among/on/of 范围
3
套用 FCCA 写动植物海报
4
积累名词后缀构词法
23
C
自我检测
Self-Check · 预习效果自查
词汇 Vocabulary
我说得出动植物名词及形容词最高级
我理解 connected / protect / symbol 等词
我认识动作联系动词(appear/store/weigh…)
语法 Grammar
我会构成形容词/副词最高级
我会用 in/among/on 表示范围
我会用 one of the+最高级+复数
句型 Patterns
我会用最高级描述独特之处
我会表达联系与保护
我会提问 What makes...amazing?
写作 Writing
我能用 FCCA 框架介绍动植物
我会举例子说明联系
我会发出保护倡议
24
单元总结
Unit Summary · Amazing Plants and Animals
V
词汇
60+ 单词
4 大类
动植物·最高级
P
短语
32 核心短语
范围+独特
联系与保护
S
句型
24 重点句型
最高级+范围
one of the
G
语法
最高级构成
in/among/on/of
名词后缀
P
语音
双元音
/eɪ//aɪ//ɔɪ/
辅音连缀
W
写作
FCCA 框架
介绍动植物
海报 Project
We can't live without them. 没有它们,我们无法生存。
25
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