暑假预习Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 自测题 2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册

**基本信息** 暑假预习自测题聚焦八年级上册Unit 4“Amazing Plants and Animals”主题，融合选择、完形、阅读等7类题型，以考拉、竹子、大象等真实动植物素材为载体，覆盖语言能力、文化意识等核心素养，适配单元预习检测需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|核心词汇（如communicate, connect）、介词（without）、比较级|通过沙漠生物等情境考查词义辨析与语法应用| |完形填空|15/15|动词短语（break down）、语境逻辑|以考拉生存危机为线索，渗透生态保护意识| |阅读理解|15/30|细节理解、主旨归纳|选取竹子文化、大象保护等语篇，兼顾文化传承与社会热点| |书面表达|1/15|信息整合、观点表达|围绕大熊猫保护，要求结合事实与建议，培养思维品质与表达能力|

暑假预习自测题Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 八年级上册新教材人教版 （考试时间：90分钟 满分：100分） 第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共55分） 一、单项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 1. Many people think deserts are empty and lifeless. ______, they are home to many amazing plants and animals. A. In fact B. For example C. By the way D. At least 2. —How do whales ______ with each other in the deep ocean? —They use special sounds and songs. A. communicate B. compare C. compete D. complete 3. —Do you have any hobbies ______ reading? —Yes, I also like painting and playing the piano. A. except B. besides C. without D. against 4. The new high-speed railway will ______ our small town with the capital city, making travel much easier. A. compare B. contact C. connect D. collect 5. You shouldn’t cross the road ______ looking both ways carefully. It’s very dangerous. A. by B. to C. without D. in 6. Mr. Green is a wonderful biology teacher. He always makes his lessons ______ with interesting experiments. A. alive B. live C. living D. lively 7. The giant panda ______ about 100 kilograms when fully grown. Do you know its birth ______? A. weighs; weight B. weighed; weight C. weight; weigh D. weighed; weighs 8. I think the hummingbird is ______ bird I’ve ever seen because it can hover in mid-air like a helicopter. A. a unique B. more unique C. the most unique D. unique 9. Camels are well-adapted to desert life. They ______ water in their bodies and can travel long distances without drinking. A. store B. save C. spend D. support 10. To make the cake fluffy, you need to ______ the egg whites ______ the flour gently. A. connect; with B. share; with C. cut; into D. mix; with 二、完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入相应空白处的最佳选项。 Koalas are one of Australia’s most beloved animals, but they are facing many challenges. These tree-dwelling marsupials (有袋动物) spend most of their time sleeping—up to 20 hours a day! They have very soft gray fur and big black noses. Baby koalas, called joeys, live in their mother’s pouch (育儿袋) for about six months. Koalas are very picky eaters. They only eat the __11__ of certain eucalyptus (桉树) trees. These leaves are tough and poisonous (有毒的) to most animals, but koalas have a special digestive system that can __12__ the poison. However, this diet provides very little energy, which is why they sleep so much to __13__ energy. Sadly, koala populations are dropping quickly. The biggest threat is habitat loss. As cities grow, many eucalyptus forests are __14__ down to make space for new buildings and roads. This means koalas lose their homes and their food supply. Another major problem is climate change. Severe droughts and bushfires have __15__ millions of hectares of koala habitat in recent years. When koalas lose their homes, they are forced to travel across open land, where they are in great __16__. They might get hit by cars or attacked by domestic dogs. Some kind-hearted people have built “koala crossings”—special bridges and tunnels under roads—to help koalas move __17__ between forest areas. These crossings have saved many koala lives. Conservation groups are working hard to __18__ koalas. They rescue injured koalas and nurse them back to health. They also plant new eucalyptus trees to restore (恢复) habitats. Scientists are even studying koala genetics to help them __19__ better to environmental changes. But everyone can help. Planting native trees in your garden, supporting conservation organizations, and driving carefully in koala areas are all __20__ we can make a difference. Koalas are a symbol of Australia’s unique wildlife. If we don’t act now, future generations might only see them in __21__. Remember, every small action counts. By learning about koalas and sharing their story, we can inspire others to __22__. Together, we can ensure that these sleepy, grey-furred creatures continue to charm us for centuries to come. They are not just animals; they are a __23__ part of our natural heritage (遗产). Let’s protect them __24__ it’s too late. We must do our __25__ to save these amazing Australian icons. 11. A. fruits B. leaves C. roots D. flowers 12. A. break down B. put up C. take in D. give out 13. A. waste B. save C. produce D. lose 14. A. cut B. burnt C. turned D. grown 15. A. protected B. created C. destroyed D. saved 16. A. safety B. danger C. peace D. silence 17. A. quickly B. safely C. loudly D. easily 18. A. hunt B. protect C. sell D. study 19. A. adopt B. refuse C. adapt D. return 20. A. ways B. problems C. questions D. reasons 21. A. books B. zoos C. forests D. cities 22. A. give up B. take action C. run away D. look back 23. A. small B. common C. vital D. boring 24. A. after B. before C. when D. while 25. A. work B. job C. part D. duty 三、阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A In China, bamboo is more than just a plant—it’s a cultural icon. Known as one of the “Four Gentlemen” in Chinese art (along with plum blossom, orchid, and chrysanthemum), bamboo symbolizes resilience (坚韧), modesty, and integrity (正直). Bamboo is incredibly versatile (多功能的). It grows quickly—some species can grow nearly a meter in 24 hours! Unlike trees, bamboo doesn’t need to be replanted after harvesting because its underground root system keeps regenerating (再生). This makes it a highly sustainable resource. In daily life, bamboo is used for countless purposes. It’s used to make furniture, scaffolding (脚手架) for buildings, musical instruments like the flute, and even food (bamboo shoots are a delicious vegetable). In Sichuan, giant pandas rely almost entirely on bamboo for survival. Artists have celebrated bamboo for centuries. The famous Song Dynasty painter Wen Tong was known for his lifelike bamboo paintings. He spent so much time observing bamboo that he could paint it from memory. His dedication (奉献) inspired the idiom “xiong you cheng zhu” (having a ready plan in mind). Today, bamboo continues to play an important role in environmental protection. Bamboo forests prevent soil erosion (侵蚀) and absorb more carbon dioxide than many tree species. As the world looks for eco-friendly materials, bamboo is gaining global attention. 26. Why is bamboo called one of the “Four Gentlemen” in Chinese art? A. Because it grows very fast. B. Because it has many uses. C. Because it symbolizes good qualities. D. Because pandas eat bamboo. 27. What makes bamboo a sustainable resource? A. It grows slowly. B. It needs to be replanted after harvesting. C. Its roots regenerate after harvesting. D. It absorbs less carbon dioxide. 28. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a use of bamboo? A. Making furniture. B. Building skyscrapers. C. Creating musical instruments. D. Providing food for pandas. 29. What does the idiom “xiong you cheng zhu” mean? A. To be as strong as bamboo. B. To have a ready plan in mind. C. To grow quickly like bamboo. D. To be modest like bamboo. 30. What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A. Bamboo’s role in environmental protection. B. The history of bamboo painting. C. How to cook bamboo shoots. D. Why pandas love bamboo. B The African elephant is the largest land animal on Earth. These gentle giants play a crucial role in maintaining the savanna ecosystem. They dig waterholes that other animals use, spread seeds through their dung, and create pathways through dense vegetation. However, African elephants are in danger. According to the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), there are only about 415,000 African elephants left in the wild, down from over a million in the 20th century. The main threats are poaching (偷猎) for ivory tusks and habitat loss due to human population growth. Elephants are highly intelligent and social animals. They live in matriarchal (母系的) herds led by the oldest female, who makes decisions about where to find food and water. They have excellent memories and can recognize hundreds of other elephants. They also show emotions like grief and joy. Conservation efforts are underway. Many African countries have banned ivory trade and increased anti-poaching patrols. Organizations like Save the Elephants use GPS collars to track elephant movements and understand their migration patterns. Community-based conservation programs involve local people in protecting elephants, providing them with economic benefits through ecotourism. You can help too! Support organizations working to protect elephants, avoid buying ivory products, and spread awareness about elephant conservation. Remember, every elephant matters. If we don’t act now, future generations may never witness these magnificent creatures roaming the African savannas. 31. What role do elephants play in the savanna ecosystem? A. They compete with other animals for food. B. They help maintain the ecosystem. C. They destroy vegetation. D. They only eat grass. 32. What is the main threat to African elephants? A. Climate change. B. Lack of food. C. Poaching and habitat loss. D. Disease. 33. How many African elephants are left in the wild? A. About 1 million. B. About 415,000. C. About 41,500. D. Less than 10,000. 34. What is one way local communities help protect elephants? A. By hunting elephants for meat. B. Through ecotourism programs. C. By selling ivory. D. By cutting down forests. 35. What can readers do to help protect elephants? A. Buy ivory products. B. Ignore elephant conservation. C. Support anti-poaching efforts. D. Hunt elephants legally. C Can plants talk? Scientists say they can’t speak like humans, but they have their own ways of communicating. When a plant is attacked by insects, it releases chemicals into the air. Neighboring plants “smell” these chemicals and start producing their own defensive chemicals to protect themselves. This is called “plant alarm signals.” For example, when a tomato plant is eaten by caterpillars, it releases a chemical that attracts wasps (黄蜂). Wasps are natural enemies of caterpillars, so they come and lay eggs inside the caterpillars, killing them. This helps both the tomato plant and the wasps. Plants also communicate through their roots. They send nutrients and chemical signals to neighboring plants through underground fungal networks (真菌网络), often called the “Wood Wide Web.” Through this network, older trees can share nutrients with younger trees, helping them survive. Even more amazingly, some plants can recognize their relatives. In experiments, scientists found that plants grow more roots when planted near siblings (兄弟姐妹) than when planted near unrelated plants. This suggests they can identify their family members and cooperate with them. So, next time you walk through a forest, remember: the trees are not just standing silently. They are talking, sharing, and helping each other through complex communication systems we are just beginning to understand. 36. How do plants warn each other about insect attacks? A. By making loud noises. B. By releasing chemicals. C. By sending electrical signals. D. By changing colors. 37. What happens when a tomato plant is attacked by caterpillars? A. It dies immediately. B. It releases chemicals that attract wasps. C. It stops growing. D. It turns red. 38. What is the “Wood Wide Web”? A. A network of roots and fungi. B. A system of bird calls. C. A type of insect communication. D. A human-made internet for plants. 39. What did scientists discover about plants and their relatives? A. Plants ignore their relatives. B. Plants grow fewer roots near siblings. C. Plants grow more roots near siblings. D. Plants attack their relatives. 40. What is the main idea of the passage? A. Plants are silent and passive. B. Plants have complex communication systems. C. Insects are harmful to plants. D. Fungi are dangerous to trees. 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题 共45分） 四、选词填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文通顺、连贯，每词限用一次。 protect, imagine, community, clean, relax, plant, in, happy, look, and Plants and animals make our world beautiful and lively. __41__ a world without them—it would be colorless and silent. Trees clean our air and provide shade. Flowers bring __42__ to our gardens. Animals, from tiny insects to giant whales, are fascinating to watch and study. In my __43__, there is a small nature reserve. Volunteers often go there to __44__ up litter and plant native trees. We also build birdhouses to help birds nest safely. It’s a peaceful place to __45__ after a busy week. We enjoy watching squirrels play and listening to birds sing. Taking care of nature is everyone’s responsibility. We should __46__ after stray animals and avoid harming wild creatures. Simple actions, like not stepping on grass and not picking wildflowers, can make a big difference. When we protect nature, we also protect ourselves. Plants and animals are connected to us __47__ many ways. They provide us with food, medicine, and materials. They also teach us about life—resilience, cooperation, and adaptation. We should __48__ them because they are irreplaceable. Let’s work together to create a greener, healthier planet for all living things. __49__ remember: small actions lead to big changes. If we all do our part, we can ensure a brighter future for our planet __50__ all its amazing inhabitants. 五、任务型阅读（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题（注意每题答案不超过8个词）。 The monarch butterfly (帝王蝶) is famous for its incredible migration. Every fall, millions of monarchs fly up to 4,000 kilometers from Canada and the northern United States to central Mexico. They spend the winter in warm mountain forests before flying back north in spring. This migration is one of nature’s greatest wonders. But monarchs are in trouble. Their population has dropped by over 80% in the last 20 years. The main reason is habitat loss. In North America, milkweed—the only plant monarch caterpillars eat—is disappearing due to farmland expansion and herbicide (除草剂) use. In Mexico, illegal logging (伐木) threatens their winter homes. Monarchs are important pollinators (传粉者). They help fertilize many wild plants and crops. Without them, ecosystems would suffer. Scientists are studying monarch migration to understand how they navigate (导航)—they use the sun, magnetic fields, and even scent (气味) to find their way. You can help monarchs! Plant milkweed and nectar-rich flowers in your garden. Avoid using pesticides (杀虫剂). Support organizations that protect butterfly habitats. Educate others about the importance of monarchs. Every small action helps these beautiful insects continue their amazing journey. 51. Where do monarch butterflies spend the winter? 52. How far can monarchs migrate? 53. What is the main reason for the drop in monarch population? 54. What do monarch caterpillars eat? 55. How can we help protect monarch butterflies? (Give ONE example) 六、短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Coral reefs (珊瑚礁) are often called the “rainforests of the sea.” They cover less than 1% of the ocean floor but are home to about 25% of all marine species. Corals are actually tiny animals called polyps (珊瑚虫). They live in colonies and build hard skeletons (骨骼) that form reefs. Coral reefs are very __56__ (color) because of the algae (藻类) living inside them. These algae provide corals with food and oxygen. However, when the ocean gets too warm, corals expel (排出) the algae, turning white—this is called coral bleaching (白化). Bleached corals can die if conditions don’t improve. Reefs protect coastlines from storms and erosion. They also provide food and jobs for millions of people. __57__ (fortunate), coral reefs are in danger. Climate change, pollution, and overfishing are destroying them. Scientists estimate that half of the world’s coral reefs have already __58__ (appear) in the last 30 years. We can help protect coral reefs. Reducing carbon emissions (排放) slows ocean warming. Avoiding products with coral or buying sustainable seafood helps. Supporting marine protected areas allows reefs to recover. __59__ (science) are also working on “coral gardening”—growing corals in nurseries and transplanting (移植) them to damaged reefs. Coral reefs are amazing ecosystems. They show us how delicate (脆弱的) and interconnected (相互关联的) nature is. If we don’t act now, future generations might only see coral reefs in __60__ (picture). Let’s work together to save these underwater wonders. Every effort __61__ (count)! Remember, healthy oceans mean a healthy planet. We must do our part __62__ (protect) these vital habitats. __63__ (visit) aquariums and learning about marine life can also inspire us to care. Coral reefs are not just beautiful; they are essential for life on Earth. Let’s not __64__ (forget) their importance. Together, we can make a __65__ (different) for our blue planet. 七、书面表达（满分15分） 假设你校英语社团正在开展“Protect Wild Animals”主题征文活动。请你根据以下思维导图提示，写一篇不少于90词的英语短文投稿。 Facts about giant pandas: • National treasure of China • Mainly live in Sichuan, Shaanxi, Gansu • Face problems: habitat loss, low birth rate Ways to protect them: • Set up nature reserves • Raise public awareness (e.g., Panda Awareness Week) • Reduce human interference (干扰) Your hope: • More pandas in the wild • Harmony between humans and nature 提示词： national treasure 国宝；nature reserve 自然保护区；awareness 意识 Protect Wild Animals: Giant Pandas _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 参考答案及解析 第Ⅰ卷（选择题） 一、单项选择 1. A 【解析】考查固定搭配。In fact意为“事实上”，符合“人们以为沙漠荒芜，实际上有很多生物”的转折语境；For example举例，By the way顺便说，At least至少，均不符合。 2. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。communicate with意为“与……交流”，符合“鲸鱼如何在深海交流”的语境；compare比较，compete竞争，complete完成，均不符合。 3. B 【解析】考查介词辨析。besides意为“除了……还有（包含在内）”，符合“除了阅读还有绘画等爱好”的语境；except意为“除了……之外（不包含）”，without没有，against反对，均不符合。 4. C 【解析】考查动词辨析。connect...with...意为“把……和……连接起来”，符合“高铁连接城镇和首都”的语境；compare比较，contact联系，collect收集，均不符合。 5. C 【解析】考查介词辨析。without意为“没有”，符合“过马路不看两边危险”的语境；by通过，to到，in在……里，均不符合。 6. D 【解析】考查形容词辨析。lively意为“生动的，活泼的”，可修饰课程，符合“用实验让课堂生动”的语境；alive活着的（表语形容词），live现场直播的，living活着的（定语形容词），均不符合。 7. B 【解析】考查词性转换。weigh是动词“重达”，weight是名词“重量”；第一空作谓语，用一般过去时weighed；第二空birth weight“出生体重”为固定搭配，用名词。 8. C 【解析】考查形容词最高级。句中有“I’ve ever seen”这一比较范围，用最高级the most unique；unique是多音节形容词，最高级加most，且前面加the。 9. A 【解析】考查动词辨析。store意为“储存”，符合“骆驼在体内储存水分”的语境；save节省，spend花费，support支持，均不符合。 10. D 【解析】考查动词短语。mix...with...意为“把……和……混合”，符合“做蛋糕时轻柔混合蛋白和面粉”的语境；connect...with...连接，share...with...分享，cut...into...切成，均不符合。 二、完形填空 11. B 【解析】常识题。考拉以桉树叶为食，选leaves。 12. A 【解析】短语辨析。break down意为“分解（有毒物质）”，符合“考拉消化系统分解毒素”的语境；put up张贴，take in吸收，give out发出，均不符合。 13. B 【解析】逻辑推理。考拉睡觉是为了“节省”能量，选save。 14. A 【解析】常识题。森林被“砍伐”建楼房，cut down为固定搭配。 15. C 【解析】语境理解。野火“摧毁”了栖息地，选destroyed。 16. B 【解析】逻辑推理。失去家园的动物处于“危险”中，选danger。 17. B 【解析】语境理解。“考拉通道”帮助它们“安全地”移动，选safely。 18. B 【解析】主题理解。保护组织努力“保护”考拉，选protect。 19. C 【解析】短语辨析。adapt to意为“适应”，符合“适应环境变化”的语境；adopt采纳，refuse拒绝，return返回，均不符合。 20. A 【解析】固定搭配。ways to make a difference“做出改变的方法”，选ways。 21. A 【解析】逻辑推理。如果不行动，后代只能在“书本”中看到考拉，选books。 22. B 【解析】短语辨析。take action意为“采取行动”，符合“激励他人行动”的语境；give up放弃，run away逃跑，look back回顾，均不符合。 23. C 【解析】语境理解。考拉是自然遗产中“至关重要的”一部分，选vital。 24. B 【解析】逻辑推理。“在太迟之前”保护它们，选before。 25. C 【解析】固定搭配。do one’s part“尽某人的职责”，选part。 三、阅读理解 A篇 26. C 【解析】细节题。根据第一段“symbolizes resilience, modesty, and integrity”可知因其象征美好品质，选C。 27. C 【解析】细节题。根据第二段“its underground root system keeps regenerating”可知其根系可再生，选C。 28. B 【解析】细节题。文中提到家具、乐器、熊猫食物，未提及建造摩天大楼，选B。 29. B 【解析】词义猜测题。根据第四段“having a ready plan in mind”可知意为“胸有成竹”，选B。 30. A 【解析】主旨题。最后一段讲竹子在环保中的作用，选A。 B篇 31. B 【解析】细节题。根据第一段“play a crucial role in maintaining the savanna ecosystem”可知选B。 32. C 【解析】细节题。根据第二段“main threats are poaching...and habitat loss”可知选C。 33. B 【解析】细节题。根据第二段“about 415,000 African elephants left”可知选B。 34. B 【解析】细节题。根据第四段“Community-based conservation programs...through ecotourism”可知选B。 35. C 【解析】细节题。根据最后一段“Support organizations working to protect elephants”可知选C。 C篇 36. B 【解析】细节题。根据第一段“releases chemicals into the air”可知选B。 37. B 【解析】细节题。根据第二段“releases a chemical that attracts wasps”可知选B。 38. A 【解析】细节题。根据第三段“underground fungal networks”可知选A。 39. C 【解析】细节题。根据第四段“plants grow more roots when planted near siblings”可知选C。 40. B 【解析】主旨题。文章主要讲植物有复杂的交流系统，选B。 第Ⅱ卷（非选择题） 四、选词填空 41. Imagine 【解析】祈使句开头，用动词原形，“想象一个没有动植物的世界”。 42. happiness 【解析】bring后接名词，happy的名词形式是happiness。 43. community 【解析】in my community“在我的社区里”，符合语境。 44. clean 【解析】clean up litter“清理垃圾”，固定搭配。 45. relax 【解析】不定式to后接动词原形，“放松的地方”。 46. look 【解析】look after“照顾”，固定搭配。 47. in 【解析】in many ways“在许多方面”，固定搭配。 48. protect 【解析】should后接动词原形，“保护它们”。 49. And 【解析】连接并列句，句首首字母大写。 50. and 【解析】连接并列宾语，“为我们星球和所有居民”。 五、任务型阅读 51. In central Mexico. 52. Up to 4,000 kilometers. 53. Habitat loss. 54. Milkweed. 55. Plant milkweed in gardens. (答案不唯一，合理即可) 【解析】所有答案均来自原文，符合词数要求。 六、短文填空 56. colorful 【解析】are后接形容词，color的形容词形式是colorful。 57. Unfortunately 【解析】修饰整个句子用副词，“不幸的是”，fortunate变副词去e加ly。 58. disappeared 【解析】have后接过去分词构成现在完成时，appear的反义词是disappear，过去分词加d。 59. Scientists 【解析】作主语，用名词复数，“科学家们”，句首首字母大写。 60. pictures 【解析】in后接名词，picture用复数表泛指，“在图片中”。 61. counts 【解析】主语every effort是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数counts。 62. to protect 【解析】do one’s part to do sth.“尽某人的职责做某事”，用不定式。 63. Visiting 【解析】作主语用动名词，句首首字母大写。 64. forget 【解析】let’s后接动词原形，“不要忘记”。 65. difference 【解析】make a difference“产生影响”，固定搭配。 七、书面表达（参考范文） Protect Wild Animals: Giant Pandas Giant pandas are China’s national treasures. They mainly live in Sichuan, Shaanxi, and Gansu provinces. Sadly, they face serious problems. Their habitats are shrinking due to human activities, and they have a low birth rate, making survival in the wild difficult. To protect these lovely animals, we must take action. First, setting up more nature reserves can provide safe homes for them. Second, we should raise public awareness through events like “Panda Awareness Week” to educate people about their importance. Finally, reducing human interference in their habitats is crucial. I hope that with our efforts, there will be more pandas in the wild. Let’s work together to achieve harmony between humans and nature. Protecting pandas means protecting our planet’s biodiversity. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $