Unit6 导学案2026-2027学年外研版八年级英语上册

该初中英语导学案聚焦八年级上册Unit 6灾害主题，涵盖disaster等核心词汇、rush into等短语及过去进行时等语法，通过挖空课文、单词短语默写搭建从词汇到语篇的学习支架，衔接庞贝火山爆发记叙文与汶川地震励志故事的语篇理解。 以学习目标、挖空预习等7大模块系统设计为特色，挖空式任务激发主动学习，长难句精讲与语法要点提升语言能力，励志故事融入培养思维品质，助力学生提升自主学习效率和综合语言运用能力。

2026秋新版外研版八年级上册英语Unit6 导学案参考答案 Passage 1 Understanding ideas P85 A lost city 一、课文原文挖空答案 1. were staying; was sleeping; to wake; were still shaking; to leave 2. to move; were left 3. to continue; to leave; was spreading; were crying; were trying 4. was covered 二、单词过关（音标 + 单词 + 变形） 1. disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/n. 灾难 2. shake /ʃeɪk/v. 摇晃（过去式 shook） 3. coach /kəʊtʃ/n. 马车 4. sea /siː/n. 大海 5. ash /æʃ/n. 火山灰 6. flood /flʌd/n. 洪水 7. smoke /sməʊk/n. 烟雾 8. escape /ɪˈskeɪp/v. 逃离 三、核心短语 英汉互译 1. rush into one’s room 冲进某人房间 2. leave sb behind 丢下某人 3. spread like a flood 如洪水般蔓延开来 4. turn day into night 白昼变为黑夜 5. be covered in ash 被火山灰覆盖 四、长难句精讲 翻译答案 1. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. 翻译：那天夜里，我正在睡觉，大地突然剧烈晃动。 2. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land. 翻译：我们继续前行，黑云在大地上不断蔓延。 五、语法要点填空答案 1. 过去进行时：单数 was doing；复数 were doing 2. when：短暂动作；while：延续进行动作 六、预习习题完整答案 1. 词形填空 (1) I was sleeping when the earth shook violently. (2) While the cloud was spreading, people ran everywhere. 2. 翻译 (1) The whole city was covered in thick ash. 七、预习小结 掌握过去进行时 when/while 区分；自然灾害类阅读高频词 Passage 2 Developing ideas P92 Iron Girl 一、课文原文挖空答案 1. lost 2. to be; bled; to hide 3. to stop; has completed 4. to look; to show 二、单词过关（音标 + 单词 + 变形） 1. disaster /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/n. 灾难 2. artificial /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/adj. 人造的 3. bleed /bliːd/v. 流血（过去式 bled） 4. hide /haɪd/v. 隐藏 5. marathon /ˈmærəθən/n. 马拉松 6. survivor /səˈvaɪvə(r)/n. 幸存者 7. torch /tɔːtʃ/n. 火炬 8. brave /breɪv/adj. 勇敢的；n. bravery 三、核心短语 英汉互译 1. come out from the shadows 走出阴霾 2. half marathon 半程马拉松 3. share one’s story 分享自己的经历 4. encourage sb to look forward 鼓励某人向前看 5. carry the torch 传递火炬 四、长难句精讲 翻译答案 1. She used to be in the school sports team. 翻译：她以前是校运动队的一员。 2. It is a good chance to show people the power of being brave. 翻译：这是一个向人们展现勇敢力量的好机会。 五、语法要点填空答案 used to do 过去常常；decide/encourage sb to do 不定式结构 六、预习习题完整答案 1. 词形变换 (1) She lost her leg in the 2008 earthquake. (2) She decided to stop hiding her artificial leg. 2. 翻译 (1) Disasters bring pain, but we should always be the heroines of our own lives. 七、预习小结 励志人物写作万能素材；掌握 used to do、encourage sb to do 句型 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2026秋新版外研版八年级上册英语全册12篇课文预习挖空导学案 统一7大模块：学习目标→课文原文（挖空）→单词过关（挖空默写）→核心短语（英汉互译挖空）→长难句精讲→语法要点→预习习题 Unit 6 When disaster strikes Passage 1 Understanding ideas P85 A lost city 【学习目标】 1. 词汇：disaster, shake, coach, sea, ash, flood, smoke, escape 2. 短语：rush into, leave sb behind, spread like a flood, turn day into night, be covered in ash 3. 句型：was/were doing…when… 过去进行时核心句型 4. 语法：过去进行时；when/while区分 5. 读懂小普林尼书信改编庞贝火山爆发灾难记叙文，掌握灾害场景表达 一、课文原文（挖空版） A lost city 1 My mother and I ____________ (stay) in a town near Pompeii. The earth shook these days. That night, I ____________ (sleep) when the ground shook very hard. My mother rushed into my room ____________ (wake) me up. We had to stay outside for the night. My mother was so scared. She didn't shut her eyes for even one second. By six o'clock the next morning, many buildings ____________ (still shake). We decided ____________ (leave) the town. 2 The road was crowded. We were at a place out of town. Just then, shocking things happened. Our coach couldn't go straight ahead. It began ____________ (move) from side to side. The sea moved back suddenly, and many sea animals ____________ (leave) on the sand. 3 We noticed a very dark cloud over Mount Vesuvius. Soon, the cloud moved down and covered the sea. My mother asked me ____________ (continue) without her, but I refused ____________ (leave) her behind. We moved on while the cloud ____________ (spread) over the land like a flood. It turned day into night. The air was thick with smoke and ash began to fall in heavy showers. All around us, women were calling, children ____________ (cry) and men were shouting. People ____________ (try) to find their families in the dark. 4 Thankfully, after a while, the daylight returned! Everything ____________ (cover) in ash, like the snow in winter. After a night of living between hope and fear, we had no thoughts of things to come. 二、单词过关 1. ________ /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难 2. ________ /ʃeɪk/ v. 摇晃（过去式shook） 3. ________ /kəʊtʃ/ n. 马车 4. ________ /siː/ n. 大海 5. ________ /æʃ/ n. 火山灰 6. ________ /flʌd/ n. 洪水 7. ________ /sməʊk/ n. 烟雾 8. ________ /ɪˈskeɪp/ v. 逃离 三、核心短语 1. rush into one’s room ________________________ 2. leave sb behind ________________________ 3. spread like a flood ________________________ 4. turn day into night ________________________ 5. be covered in ash ________________________ 四、长难句精讲 1. That night, I was sleeping when the ground shook very hard. 翻译：________________________________________ 考点：过去进行时+when打断动作 2. We moved on while the cloud was spreading over the land. 翻译：________________________________________ 考点：while后接延续进行动作 五、语法要点 1. 过去进行时：单数________ doing；复数________ doing 2. when：短暂动作；while：延续进行动作 六、预习习题 1.词形填空 (1) I ________ (sleep) when the earth shook violently. (2) While the cloud ________ (spread), people ran everywhere. 2.翻译 (1) 整座城市被厚厚的火山灰覆盖。 七、预习小结 掌握过去进行时when/while区分；自然灾害类阅读高频词 Passage 2 Developing ideas P92 Iron Girl 【学习目标】 1. 词汇：disaster, artificial, bleed, hide, marathon, survivor, torch, brave 2. 短语：come out from the shadows, half marathon, share one’s story, look forward, carry the torch 3. 句型：定语从句、转折状语从句 4. 语法：一般过去时描述人物人生经历；现在完成时描述人生改变 5. 读懂汶川地震截肢女孩牛钰“钢铁女孩”励志故事，学会直面伤痛、勇敢成长 一、课文原文（挖空版） Iron Girl 1 During the 2021 Shanghai Fashion Week, a young, slim and confident woman with an iron leg drew everyone's attention. Her name was Niu Yu. She ____________ (lose) her right leg in the 2008 Wenchuan earthquake. She was only 11 years old then. 2 Niu Yu used ____________ (be) in the school sports team. She loved running. But the disaster broke her dream. She had to live with an artificial leg. It wasn't comfortable, and her leg often ____________ (bleed). People's curious eyes made her even more uncomfortable. She always tried ____________ (hide) her leg under jeans or dresses. 3 With the support of her family and friends, Niu Yu slowly came out from the shadows. In 2018, right before her 21st birthday, she decided ____________ (stop) hiding her leg. To her surprise, she received lots of encouraging words. She also finished a half marathon in about 4 hours. She ____________ (complete) the hard 10 - year journey of finding herself again. 4 Now Niu Yu shares her story on social media. She listens to disaster survivors and encourages them ____________ (look) forward. In 2023, she carried the torch at the FISU World University Games. “It is a great honour for me," she said. “But it is also a good chance ____________ (show) people the power of being brave.” 5 A disaster can bring wounds and pain. But we should always face it with courage. As the writer Nora Ephron once said: “Above all, be the heroine of your life, not the victim.” 二、单词过关 1. ________ /dɪˈzɑːstə(r)/ n. 灾难 2. ________ /ˌɑːtɪˈfɪʃl/ adj. 人造的 3. ________ /bliːd/ v. 流血（过去式bled） 4. ________ /haɪd/ v. 隐藏 5. ________ /ˈmærəθən/ n. 马拉松 6. ________ /səˈvaɪvə(r)/ n. 幸存者 7. ________ /tɔːtʃ/ n. 火炬 8. ________ /breɪv/ adj. 勇敢的；n. ________ 三、核心短语 1. come out from the shadows ________________________ 2. half marathon ________________________ 3. share one’s story ________________________ 4. encourage sb to look forward ________________________ 5. carry the torch ________________________ 四、长难句精讲 1. She used to be in the school sports team. 翻译：________________________________________ 考点：used to do 过去常常（现在不再） 2. It is a good chance to show people the power of being brave. 翻译：________________________________________ 考点：不定式作后置定语修饰chance 五、语法要点 used to do 过去常常；decide/encourage sb to do 不定式结构 六、预习习题 1.词形变换 (1) She ________ (lose) her leg in the 2008 earthquake. (2) She decided ________ (stop) hiding her artificial leg. 2.翻译 (1) 灾难会带来伤痛，但我们要勇敢做自己人生的主角。 七、预习小结 励志人物写作万能素材；掌握used to do、encourage sb to do句型 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $