内容正文:
There be结构
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、概念 1
二、There be 结构的基本句式 1
三、be 动词的选择(主谓一致) 2
四、句式转换规则 2
1. 肯定句变否定句 2
2. 肯定句变一般疑问句 2
3. 特殊疑问句 3
五、There be 与 have/has 的区别 3
六、注意事项 3
注意一:There be 不能与 have/has 混用 3
注意二:some 与 any 在 There be 中的变化 3
注意三:就近原则是中考必考点 4
注意四:不可数名词用 is 4
七、分层练习题(30道) 4
第一层 · 基础巩固(第1-10题)⭐ 容易 4
第二层 · 能力提升(第11-20题)⭐⭐ 中等 5
第三层 · 拓展挑战(第21-30题)⭐⭐⭐ 较难 7
一、概念
There be 结构是英语中非常常用的句型,用来表示 “某处存在某人或某物” 。
There is a book on the desk. (课桌上有一本书。)
There are some students in the classroom. (教室里有一些学生。)
核心含义:强调“存在”而非“拥有”。There be 结构中的 there 是引导词,本身没有实际意义,真正的主语是be动词后面的名词。
There is a cat under the tree. (树下有一只猫。——真正的主语是 a cat)
二、There be 结构的基本句式
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
There is/are + 主语 + 地点状语.
There is a car in the yard. 院子里有一辆小汽车。
否定句
There is/are + not + 主语 + 地点状语.
There aren't any pens on the desk. 桌上没有钢笔。
一般疑问句
Is/Are there + 主语 + 地点状语?
—Are there any books in the bag? 包里有一些书吗? —Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + is/are there + 地点状语?
—How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生?
三、be 动词的选择(主谓一致)
There be 结构中,be 动词用 is 还是 are,取决于紧跟在be动词后面的名词(即真正的主语):
主语情况
be动词
例句
可数名词单数
is
There is a man under the tree. 树下有一名男子。
不可数名词
is
There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
可数名词复数
are
There are many trees in the park. 公园里有很多树。
⚠️ 就近原则(中考高频考点)
当 There be 后面有两个或两个以上名词时,be动词的单复数要和离它最近的名词保持一致 。
There is a girl and two boys in the classroom. (离be最近的是 a girl,单数,用 is)
There are two boys and a girl in the classroom. (离be最近的是 two boys,复数,用 are)
四、句式转换规则
1. 肯定句变否定句
在 be 动词后加 not。若句中有 some,要改为 any。
There is some water in the glass.
→ There isn't any water in the glass.
There are some pictures on the wall.
→ There aren't any pictures on the wall.
2. 肯定句变一般疑问句
将 be 动词提到句首,句号变问号。若句中有 some,要改为 any。
There is some water in the glass.
→ Is there any water in the glass?
There are some fish in the pool.
→ Are there any fish in the pool?
3. 特殊疑问句
· 对数量提问:
· How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点状语?(可数名词)
· How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?(不可数名词)
How many students are there in your class?
How much water is there in the bottle?
· 对主语(事物)提问:用 What's + 地点状语?(无论原句主语是单数还是复数,be动词都用 is)
There are many things over there.
→ What's over there?
五、There be 与 have/has 的区别
结构
含义
主语
例句
There be
表示“存在”(某地有某物)
地点/位置
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有幅画。
have/has
表示“拥有”(某人拥有某物)
人/物
I have some pictures. 我有一些画。
❌ There has a book on the desk.(错误,There be 不能用 have)
✅ There is a book on the desk.(正确)
✅ I have a book.(正确,表示“拥有”)
记忆口诀:“There be 表存在,have/has 表拥有;某地有某物用 there be,某人拥有某物用 have/has。”
六、注意事项(初一高频易错点)
⚠️ 注意一:There be 不能与 have/has 混用
There be 本身已表示“有”,不能再与 have/has 连用。
❌ There has a dog in the garden.
✅ There is a dog in the garden.
⚠️ 注意二:some 与 any 在 There be 中的变化
· 肯定句用 some:There are some apples.
· 否定句/疑问句用 any:There aren't any apples. / Are there any apples?
⚠️ 注意三:就近原则是中考必考点
当 There be 后面跟多个名词时,只看离 be 动词最近的那个名词来决定用 is 还是 are。
There is a pen and two books on the desk. (a pen 是单数 → is)
There are two books and a pen on the desk. (two books 是复数 → are)
⚠️ 注意四:不可数名词用 is
不可数名词(如 water, milk, bread, money, homework 等)作主语时,be 动词用 is。
There is some milk in the glass.
There is much water in the river.
七、分层练习题(30道)
第一层 · 基础巩固(第1-10题)⭐ 容易
1. There ______ a book on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】a book 是可数名词单数,be 动词用 is。
2. There ______ some water in the bottle.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】water 是不可数名词,be 动词用 is。
3. There ______ many students in the classroom.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】many students 是可数名词复数,be 动词用 are。
4. ______ there any milk in the fridge?
A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Be
【答案】B
【解析】milk 是不可数名词,疑问句用 Is。
5. There ______ a cat and two dogs in the garden.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 a cat(单数),用 is。
6. There ______ two dogs and a cat in the garden.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 two dogs(复数),用 are。
7. There aren't ______ apples on the table.
A. some B. any C. much D. a
【答案】B
【解析】否定句中用 any 修饰可数名词复数。
8. —Is there a library in your school? —Yes, ______.
A. there is B. it is C. there are D. they are
【答案】A
【解析】There be 句型的一般疑问句肯定回答用 Yes, there is/are.
9. There ______ some bread and eggs on the plate.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】B
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some bread(不可数名词),用 is。
10. How many pens ______ there in your pencil case?
A. am B. is C. are D. be
【答案】C
【解析】pens 是可数名词复数,且 How many 提问复数名词,用 are。
第二层 · 能力提升(第11-20题)⭐⭐ 中等
11. There ______ some milk and some oranges in the fridge.
A. are B. have C. is D. has
【答案】C
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some milk(不可数名词),用 is。
12. There ______ a glass of water and three apples on the desk.
A. has B. are C. be D. is
【答案】D
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 a glass of water(单数),用 is。
13. ______ two libraries in our school.
A. There is B. There are C. There have D. There has
【答案】B
【解析】two libraries 是复数,用 There are。There be 不能用 have/has。
14. There are ______ on the table.
A. a glass of water B. a glass of waters C. two glasses of waters D. two glasses of water
【答案】D
【解析】water 是不可数名词,无复数形式;two glasses 表复数,量词用复数。
15. —Is there ______ art room? —No, there ______.
A. a; isn't B. an; isn't C. an; aren't D. a; aren't
【答案】B
【解析】art room 中 art 以元音音素开头,用 an;回答单数名词用 isn't。
16. ______ cans of cola ______ there in the fridge?
A. How many; are B. How many; is C. How much; is D. How much; are
【答案】A
【解析】cans 是可数名词复数,用 How many;复数主语用 are。
17. There ______ a new garden beside the house.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
【答案】D
【解析】a new garden 是单数,用 is。There be 不能用 have/has。
18. —Is there a big playground in your school? —______.
A. Yes, there isn't B. No, there isn't C. Yes, they are D. No, it isn't
【答案】B
【解析】There be 疑问句的否定回答用 No, there isn't/aren't.
19. —How many children are there in your family? —There is ______.
A. only two B. only one C. only some D. some
【答案】B
【解析】问“有多少个孩子”,回答具体数量。A 项应用 are;C、D 项 some 不表具体数量。
20. There ______ dog in the picture.
A. isn't B. aren't any C. isn't a D. aren't
【答案】C
【解析】dog 是单数可数名词,否定用 isn't a。
第三层 · 拓展挑战(第21-30题)⭐⭐⭐ 较难
21. ______ a clock on the wall. It ______ three hands.
A. There's; has B. There're; has C. There have; has D. There has; have
【答案】A
【解析】第一空 There is 表“存在”;第二空 It has 表“拥有”(主语 It 是单数,用 has)。
22. The weather forecast says that ______ another storm tomorrow.
A. there will have B. there will be C. there has D. there is
【答案】B
【解析】tomorrow 表将来,用 there will be。There be 不能用 have。
23. Bob, there ______ some milk and eggs on the table. You can have them.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案】A
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some milk(不可数名词),用 is。
24. There ______ a lot of beef and some potatoes on the kitchen table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
【答案】A
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 a lot of beef(beef 不可数),用 is。
25. —______ there any things in the new room? —Yes. There ______ a round table and two chairs.
A. Is; are B. Is; is C. Are; is D. Are; are
【答案】C
【解析】第一空 any things 是复数,用 Are;第二空就近原则:离 be 最近的是 a round table(单数),用 is。
26. Look! There ______ some milk and cakes on the table. Enjoy them!
A. is B. are C. has D. have
【答案】A
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some milk(不可数名词),用 is。
27. There ______ some bread and five apples in Sandy's shopping bag.
A. are B. is C. be D. has
【答案】B
【解析】就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some bread(不可数名词),用 is。
28. There ______ a Frenchman and two ______ in the room.
A. is; Germans B. is; Germen C. are; Germans D. are; Germen
【答案】A
【解析】第一空就近原则:离 be 最近的是 a Frenchman(单数),用 is;第二空 German 的复数是 Germans(直接加-s)。
29. —______ there a book on the desk? —Yes, ______.
A. Is; there is B. Are; there are C. Is; it is D. Are; they are
【答案】A
【解析】a book 是单数,疑问句用 Is;肯定回答用 Yes, there is。
30. —What's in the box? —______ some toys and a doll.
A. There is B. There are C. It has D. They have
【答案】B
【解析】回答“盒子里有什么”,用 There be 结构。some toys 是复数,且就近原则:离 be 最近的是 some toys(复数),用 There are。
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There be结构
(语法讲解+分层精练)
目 录
一、概念 1
二、There be 结构的基本句式 1
三、be 动词的选择(主谓一致) 2
四、句式转换规则 2
1. 肯定句变否定句 2
2. 肯定句变一般疑问句 3
3. 特殊疑问句 3
五、There be 与 have/has 的区别 3
六、注意事项 3
注意一:There be 不能与 have/has 混用 3
注意二:some 与 any 在 There be 中的变化 4
注意三:就近原则是中考必考点 4
注意四:不可数名词用 is 4
七、分层练习题(30道) 4
第一层 · 基础巩固(第1-10题)⭐ 容易 4
第二层 · 能力提升(第11-20题)⭐⭐ 中等 5
第三层 · 拓展挑战(第21-30题)⭐⭐⭐ 较难 5
一、概念
There be 结构是英语中非常常用的句型,用来表示 “某处存在某人或某物” 。
There is a book on the desk. (课桌上有一本书。)
There are some students in the classroom. (教室里有一些学生。)
核心含义:强调“存在”而非“拥有”。There be 结构中的 there 是引导词,本身没有实际意义,真正的主语是be动词后面的名词。
There is a cat under the tree. (树下有一只猫。——真正的主语是 a cat)
二、There be 结构的基本句式
句式
结构
例句
肯定句
There is/are + 主语 + 地点状语.
There is a car in the yard. 院子里有一辆小汽车。
否定句
There is/are + not + 主语 + 地点状语.
There aren't any pens on the desk. 桌上没有钢笔。
一般疑问句
Is/Are there + 主语 + 地点状语?
—Are there any books in the bag? 包里有一些书吗? —Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
特殊疑问句
疑问词 + is/are there + 地点状语?
—How many students are there in your class? 你们班有多少学生?
三、be 动词的选择(主谓一致)
There be 结构中,be 动词用 is 还是 are,取决于紧跟在be动词后面的名词(即真正的主语):
主语情况
be动词
例句
可数名词单数
is
There is a man under the tree. 树下有一名男子。
不可数名词
is
There is some milk in the bottle. 瓶子里有一些牛奶。
可数名词复数
are
There are many trees in the park. 公园里有很多树。
⚠️ 就近原则(中考高频考点)
当 There be 后面有两个或两个以上名词时,be动词的单复数要和离它最近的名词保持一致 。
There is a girl and two boys in the classroom. (离be最近的是 a girl,单数,用 is)
There are two boys and a girl in the classroom. (离be最近的是 two boys,复数,用 are)
四、句式转换规则
1. 肯定句变否定句
在 be 动词后加 not。若句中有 some,要改为 any。
There is some water in the glass.
→ There isn't any water in the glass.
There are some pictures on the wall.
→ There aren't any pictures on the wall.
2. 肯定句变一般疑问句
将 be 动词提到句首,句号变问号。若句中有 some,要改为 any。
There is some water in the glass.
→ Is there any water in the glass?
There are some fish in the pool.
→ Are there any fish in the pool?
3. 特殊疑问句
· 对数量提问:
· How many + 复数名词 + are there + 地点状语?(可数名词)
· How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 地点状语?(不可数名词)
How many students are there in your class?
How much water is there in the bottle?
· 对主语(事物)提问:用 What's + 地点状语?(无论原句主语是单数还是复数,be动词都用 is)
There are many things over there.
→ What's over there?
五、There be 与 have/has 的区别
结构
含义
主语
例句
There be
表示“存在”(某地有某物)
地点/位置
There is a picture on the wall. 墙上有幅画。
have/has
表示“拥有”(某人拥有某物)
人/物
I have some pictures. 我有一些画。
❌ There has a book on the desk.(错误,There be 不能用 have)
✅ There is a book on the desk.(正确)
✅ I have a book.(正确,表示“拥有”)
记忆口诀:“There be 表存在,have/has 表拥有;某地有某物用 there be,某人拥有某物用 have/has。”
六、注意事项(初一高频易错点)
⚠️ 注意一:There be 不能与 have/has 混用
There be 本身已表示“有”,不能再与 have/has 连用。
❌ There has a dog in the garden.
✅ There is a dog in the garden.
⚠️ 注意二:some 与 any 在 There be 中的变化
· 肯定句用 some:There are some apples.
· 否定句/疑问句用 any:There aren't any apples. / Are there any apples?
⚠️ 注意三:就近原则是中考必考点
当 There be 后面跟多个名词时,只看离 be 动词最近的那个名词来决定用 is 还是 are。
There is a pen and two books on the desk. (a pen 是单数 → is)
There are two books and a pen on the desk. (two books 是复数 → are)
⚠️ 注意四:不可数名词用 is
不可数名词(如 water, milk, bread, money, homework 等)作主语时,be 动词用 is。
There is some milk in the glass.
There is much water in the river.
七、分层练习题(30道)
第一层 · 基础巩固(第1-10题)⭐ 容易
1. There ______ a book on the desk.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
2. There ______ some water in the bottle.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
3. There ______ many students in the classroom.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
4. ______ there any milk in the fridge?
A. Am B. Is C. Are D. Be
5. There ______ a cat and two dogs in the garden.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
6. There ______ two dogs and a cat in the garden.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
7. There aren't ______ apples on the table.
A. some B. any C. much D. a
8. —Is there a library in your school? —Yes, ______.
A. there is B. it is C. there are D. they are
9. There ______ some bread and eggs on the plate.
A. am B. is C. are D. be
10. How many pens ______ there in your pencil case?
A. am B. is C. are D. be
第二层 · 能力提升(第11-20题)⭐⭐ 中等
11. There ______ some milk and some oranges in the fridge.
A. are B. have C. is D. has
12. There ______ a glass of water and three apples on the desk.
A. has B. are C. be D. is
13. ______ two libraries in our school.
A. There is B. There are C. There have D. There has
14. There are ______ on the table.
A. a glass of water B. a glass of waters C. two glasses of waters D. two glasses of water
15. —Is there ______ art room? —No, there ______.
A. a; isn't B. an; isn't C. an; aren't D. a; aren't
16. ______ cans of cola ______ there in the fridge?
A. How many; are B. How many; is C. How much; is D. How much; are
17. There ______ a new garden beside the house.
A. has B. have C. are D. is
18. —Is there a big playground in your school? —______.
A. Yes, there isn't B. No, there isn't C. Yes, they are D. No, it isn't
19. —How many children are there in your family? —There is ______.
A. only two B. only one C. only some D. some
20. There ______ dog in the picture.
A. isn't B. aren't any C. isn't a D. aren't
第三层 · 拓展挑战(第21-30题)⭐⭐⭐ 较难
21. ______ a clock on the wall. It ______ three hands.
A. There's; has B. There're; has C. There have; has D. There has; have
22. The weather forecast says that ______ another storm tomorrow.
A. there will have B. there will be C. there has D. there is
23. Bob, there ______ some milk and eggs on the table. You can have them.
A. is B. are C. has D. have
24. There ______ a lot of beef and some potatoes on the kitchen table.
A. is B. are C. have D. has
25. —______ there any things in the new room? —Yes. There ______ a round table and two chairs.
A. Is; are B. Is; is C. Are; is D. Are; are
26. Look! There ______ some milk and cakes on the table. Enjoy them!
A. is B. are C. has D. have
27. There ______ some bread and five apples in Sandy's shopping bag.
A. are B. is C. be D. has
28. There ______ a Frenchman and two ______ in the room.
A. is; Germans B. is; Germen C. are; Germans D. are; Germen
29. —______ there a book on the desk? —Yes, ______.
A. Is; there is B. Are; there are C. Is; it is D. Are; they are
30. —What's in the box? —______ some toys and a doll.
A. There is B. There are C. It has D. They have
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