甘肃兰州市第五十一中学2025-2026学年第二学期期末考试高二英语试卷

兰州市第五十一中学 2025—2026学年第二学期期末考试 高二 英语 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。 1. What does the man suggest bringing? A. Clothes. B. Snacks. C. Medicine. 2. When will the speakers leave for the trip? A. On Friday. B. On Saturday. C. On Sunday. 3. What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A. Supportive. B. Doubtful. C. Unclear. 4. What do the speakers want to do? A. Make phone calls. B. Send postcards. C. Take photos. 5. How long do the speakers plan to stay in Europe? A. 4 days. B. 7 days. C. 14 days. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6. What did the man like doing best in New York City? A. Trying the local food. B. Touring the park. C. Exploring the museum. 7. What did the man probably do on the plane? A. He read books. B. He watched films. C. He played games. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8. Who is the woman probably? A. A tour guide. B. A teacher. C. A salesperson. 9. What interests the man most about the Sydney Harbour Bridge? A. Taking the ship tour. B. Climbing the bridge. C. Learning about its history. 10. What does the woman advise the man to do in the end? A. Relax on the beach. B. Watch a performance. C. Visit a zoo. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 11. Why does the man make the call? A. To give suggestions. B. To ask for information. C. To express thanks. 12. Where will the man go this afternoon? A. The tower. B. The square. C. The theatre. 13. What will the man probably do next? A. Search online. B. Have lunch. C. Go shopping. 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. A sea journey. B. A shopping trip. C. A sports game. 15. What did the woman’s parents enjoy doing most? A. Climbing rock walls. B. Tasting different food. C. Walking in the garden. 16. What is the man interested in? A. Swimming. B. Skating. C. Climbing. 17. Where did the woman spend most of her time? A. In the Entertainment Place. B. In the Youth Area. C. In the Pool Area. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18. What is the speaker probably doing? A. Giving a lecture. B. Chairing a meeting. C. Hosting a program. 19. What activity does the speaker recommend most in Sharm el-Sheikh? A. Visiting an ancient ship. B. Going on a boat trip. C. Swimming underwater. 20. What desert adventure is available according to the speaker? A. Bird-watching. B. Hiking. C. Horse-riding. 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A Four Top Audiobook (有声读物) Apps Seribd If you’re looking to combine your audiobook listening with e-books and news publications, Scribd might be the app for you. Its massive library includes a healthy balance of traditionally published books, bestsellers, and Scribd originals. Scribd also runs an associated program, which gives you one free month for every friend you invite, and gives your friend a two-month trial. If you’re a writer, Scribd also has an open publishing platform to help you self-publish your audiobooks in minutes. Kobo Books Best known as an e-book retailer, Kobo Books also offers audiobooks on its platform. You get unlimited access to over 100,000 audiobooks in its library for only a few dollars. The app also does a good job organizing your purchased books, and its in-app statistics are brilliant for readers, knowing your reading habits in detail, while suggesting new recommended titles based on your history. eStories With over 120,000 different types of audiobooks to choose from, eStories starts off with a half-price offer for your first 3 months, and then switches to a higher-priced subscription. Members get discounted prices on additional audiobooks as well as other benefits such as extra credits and extended periods of use. As a member, you also get 30 days to return a book if you don’t like it. Additionally, the app provides unlimited storage for your own audio that you can upload. Libby Libby lets you borrow e-books and audiobooks from your local library. A library membership lets you access several thousand audiobooks on its app entirely free of cost. While the availability of titles depends on the library you’re a member of, you’d still be getting free access to a lot of books that you’d otherwise have to pay for. The catch is that since you’re technically borrowing the books, you only have two weeks to get through them before they’re returned. Plus. it must be noted that this app is only operational in North America. 21. What is an advantage of Kobo Books? A. It helps sell the books you have already read. B. It advertises your books on its platform regularly. C. It recommends books based on your reading habits. D. It allows you to read books in its library for free 22. What privilege do members of eStories have? A. Extending the use time. B. Exchanging extra credits. C. Getting audiobooks for free. D. Returning books at any time. 23. Which of the following has geographical restrictions? A. Scribd. B. Kobo Books. C. eStories. D. Libby. B I used to think recipes were promises. If I followed every line, the cake would rise and dinner would turn out well. My grandmother would probably have laughed at that. She cooked from memory and attention. “Stop when it looks right,” she would say. “Add flour until the dough feels soft but not sticky.” To a child who wanted clear answers, this sounded almost unfair. Years later, I came across a medieval (中世纪的) recipe for sambocade, a kind of cheesecake. It gave no exact measurements. It simply told the cook to make a crust, prepare the curds, add sugar, egg whites and elderflowers, and bake it. At first, I found it nearly useless. How much sugar? How many eggs? How hot should the oven be? Then I understood: the recipe was not meant to teach a beginner from zero. It was more like a reminder, pointing back to knowledge learned by watching, touching, smelling and trying again. That was how my grandmother cooked. Her own recipes were only lists of ingredients kept in an old shoe box. After she died, my mother threw the box away, thinking it had no value without instructions. I understood her choice. To anyone else, “flour, eggs, milk, sugar” was hardly a recipe. Yet something was lost with that box — not complete knowledge, but traces of a way of knowing. Today, we often expect recipes to protect us from uncertainty. We want grams, minutes and temperatures. Careful measurement is useful, of course. But cooking is not only measurement. A good cook notices when butter begins to smell nutty, when dough resists the hand, and when a cake is pale enough to leave the oven. Such knowledge cannot be fully written down. It must be practiced into the body. Now, whenever I bake, I still hear my grandmother’s question: “Is it pale enough yet?” It is not exactly a rule. It is a way of paying attention. 24. Why did the author once find her grandmother’s instructions “almost unfair”? A. They sounded too old. B. They lacked clear rules. C. They changed too often. D. They used rare ingredients. 25. Why is the medieval recipe mentioned? A. To introduce a dessert. B. To question old recipes. C. To show a similar style. D. To compare two dishes. 26. What does the shoe box mainly represent? A. Lost family wealth. B. Complete cooking records. C. A forgotten dessert. D. Knowledge through practice. 27. What is the author’s view on recipes? A. Accuracy removes uncertainty. B. Practice gives recipes meaning. C. Old recipes work better. D. Good memory matters most. C Have you ever been surfing the Internet only to come across content that seems engineered to make you angry? If so, you may have fallen victim to “rage bait (愤怒诱饵),” a term named as Oxford’s word of the year. The word “rage bait” saw its usage increased sharply throughout 2025. For social media influencers, posting content intended to annoy people is not wise, yet it often boosts engagement and income. Algorithms (算法) are also used to tailor the content we see to what we are likely to interact with, which isn’t necessarily something pleasant. “If we see a cat, we’re like Oh, that’ s cute’ and that’s all,” marketing podcaster Andrea Jones explained, “But if we see someone doing something annoying, we may type in This is terrible,’ and that sort of comment is seen as a high-quality engagement by the algorithm.” Why is rage bait so effective? For one thing, we tend to pay more attention to a situation that has caused anger than one that has created happiness since action needs to be taken to resolve an issue, while happiness suggests that everything is OK. For another, typically, we used to have some breaks from anything, or anyone, that caused us a feeling of rage. This would give us an opportunity to calm down and reflect on what had happened. However, with the popularity of social media, we can post content and immediately get a reply, non-stop 24 hours a day so that it can feel like we no longer have that escape. Then, how can we cope with rage bait? An awareness of the motivations behind these posts is a good place to start. Knowing that many posts are designed to drive engagement helps us reclaim our power over those interactions. In addition, we can influence and shape social media through both what we choose to engage with, or not engage with. The more we avoid engaging with any content that causes rage in us, the less it will be presented to us. 28. Which of the following might be “rage bait”? A. A news report about a local festival. B. A photo of a snow-capped mountain. C. A video featuring famous musicians’ performance. D. A post claiming simple exercises cure all diseases. 29. What can be inferred from Andrea Jones’s remarks? A. Influencers usually avoid annoying content. B. Rage bait is replacing all positive content. C. Positive posts are never interacted with. D. Algorithms may reward rage bait. 30. What do the underlined words “that escape” in paragraph 3 refer to? A. The emergence of rage bait. B. The chance to reply immediately. C. A break from anger-causing content. D. Continuous exposure to social media. 31. What is the best title for the text? A. Happiness: A Forgotten Online Feeling B. Algorithms: The Hidden Rules of the Internet C. Rage Bait: Why It Works and How to Resist It D. Engineered Anger: How Word of the Year Appeared D Climate change is causing rising temperatures and extreme weather events. What if there were a way to cool Earth by reflecting the Sun? In 2022, the US company Make Sunsets released two weather balloons above Baja California in Mexico. These balloons, when reaching a certain height, burst open, spreading sulfur dioxide particles (二氧化硫颗粒) across the sky, thus creating a bright mist in the sky that reflects sunlight. A similar weather balloon test flight was launched in the UK. This method belongs to solar geoengineering, a process of bouncing sunlight back into space. Other approaches include installing reflectors on satellites, though these are more technically complex. In a world of rising temperatures, dimming the Sun is an immediate way to cool the planet. Luke Iseman, the founder of Make Sunsets, claims that without solar geoengineering there are no other realistic choices to stay below 2°C, beyond which many effects of climate change will be irreversible (不可逆转). Studies have confirmed its effectiveness: a 2022 Yale study suggested reflecting sunlight could slow sea-level rise and help restore polar ice. Financially, it is also more possible: the estimated annual cost is around $10 billion, far lower than the trillions of dollars required for a full global transition to renewable energy. However, over 380 scientists worldwide have opposed the technology. Some warn that interfering with the weather may disrupt rainfall patterns, triggering droughts in some regions and floods in others. Since its effects are not limited to participating nations, conflicts between countries could arise. Additionally, experts argue that it might encourage polluters to continue burning fossil fuels. There is also concern about long-term maintenance: if solar geoengineering is stopped suddenly, Earth could face a sharp temperature surge, severely harming wildlife. Given its potential benefits and significant risks, solar geoengineering requires cautious evaluation. Governments, scientists, and global organizations should cooperate to conduct thorough research, assess its long-term impacts, and establish strict regulatory frameworks before any large-scale implementation. 32. What is the function of the balloons released by Make Sunsets? A. To absorb sulfur dioxide particles. B. To form a sunlight-reflecting mist. C. To monitor extreme weather changes. D. To help install sunlight reflectors. 33. What’s the advantage of solar geoengineering over renewable energy transition according to the text? A. It is more affordable. B. It is more eco-friendly. C. It is easier to carry out. D. It is more accessible. 34. What can we infer from paragraph 4 about solar geoengineering? A. It may reduce the use of oil. B. It may cause damage to satellites. C. It mainly benefits nations involved. D. It may affect rainfall distribution. 35. What’s the author’s attitude to dimming the Sun? A. Supportive. B. Opposed. C. Objective. D. Doubtful. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How to Choose Your Purpose-Filled Career When you think about choosing a career, you often do it in the following two ways. Think about what you like to do. If you like writing or doing crafts, you might consider these things. This is not a bad way to go, of course, but you can’t always make money doing things you like (like video games or drinking beer). 36 Think about a well-paid job that you can do and doesn’t sound so bad. 37 Or maybe that’s out of your educational reach, so you choose office or retail worker. These are all great choices. But often they are not something you’re really passionate about. It’s kind of like just doing something because it’s there — not very inspired. 38 Try to do something to serve a community or make the world better. For example, taking care of children, because you really want to help children get a great start in life, or blossom into who they want to be or getting into government or social work to improve the conditions of the community you live in or becoming a scientist to help ease the environmental crisis or find a cure for a terrible disease. 39 And if you choose one of them for that purpose, you will serve in that work feeling a sense of purpose each day. 40 The point isn’t how you serve the world, but just serving the world in some way will help you feel filled with purpose. If you choose a purposeful and enjoyable job, you’re always further along than most people. A. There are endless ways to do that. B. Maybe a doctor, engineer or lawyer? C. However, there’s another way that is perhaps better. D. You are dreaming of a well-paid job which you like best. E. It’s essential not to concentrate on interests and good payment. F. Each of these is just one of many possibilities filled with purpose. G. And sometimes things you like are better as a hobby or side passion. 第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分55分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 In the 1980s, I first encountered tai chi in Dundonald Park. I watched people move in loose formation at an unhurried pace. The 41 of their movements was like a water lily (睡莲) opening in slow motion. I found tai chi as 42 , but I couldn’t see its point. I defined fitness 43 and strength. Moving slowly did not build muscles, so I chose to 44 myself from the practice. Still, the 45 stayed with me, a seed planted. After retirement, with a doctor’s 46 , I returned to that park, no longer a watcher but inside the group, awkwardly moving toward the growth once seeded long ago. My early 47 were discouraging. I joined one class, then left; joined another, and 48 , failing to complete the routines. I assumed that mastering tai chi meant memorizing all the 49 . But I soon learned otherwise: What needed mastering were my own habits — impatience, resistance to correction. Everything changed in my first expert-led class. Surrounded by advanced 50 , I felt like a beginner when the instructor 51 singled me out for instruction. Embarrassed, I listened attentively, watched closely and 52 my body to move by copying him. Ultimately, this focus helped 53 my embarrassment. In that instant, my emotion 54 , from embarrassment to empowerment. I learned not just a move, but a patient and open way of being. I became that lily unfolding, awakened not by force, but by this 55 martial art. 41. A. order B. power C. grace D. precision 42. A. reliable B. fascinating C. familiar D. strange 43. A. flexibility B. tolerance C. balance D. speed 44. A. distance B. protect C. isolate D. free 45. A. answer B. response C. presence D. image 46. A. treatment B. recommendation C. assessment D. announcement 47. A. observations B. memories C. attempts D. mistakes 48. A. struggled B. hesitated C. panicked D. followed 49. A. positions B. settings C. rules D. moves 50. A. instructors B. learners C. athletes D. performers 51. A. reluctantly B. casually C. unexpectedly D. briefly 52. A. willed B. trained C. urged D. allowed 53. A. hide away B. bring about C. build up D. crowd out 54. A. settled B. shifted C. progressed D. softened 55. A. traditional B. demanding C. gentle D. complex 第二节（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Scientists in Shanghai have made a breakthrough in protein design by fully using artificial intelligence, establishing the world’s 56 (large) protein sequence (次序) dataset and developing models that allow for targeted change and choice of proteins with specific functions. According to researchers, the advancement has the potential to greatly reduce the time and cost 57 (involve) in industrial protein modification (改进). Proteins play key roles in industries 58 (range) from medicine to green manufacturing. However, natural proteins often require modification to bear environmental 59 (factor) such as temperature shifts and acidity levels. 60 (traditional), modifying proteins required thousands of trial-and-error experiments, a costly and time-consuming process. The team’s approach changes this by replacing trial and error 61 AI-powered design, cutting the research and development timeline from two to five years to as little as six months. Their technology enables accurate changes 62 (improve) certain qualities such as strong heat resistance and ability to resist digestion. 63 breakthrough has already been industrialized alongside automated equipment, making protein design more productive. At the core of the research is the Venus-Protein Outsize Database, 64 contains more than 9 billion protein sequences covering a wide range of organisms. The dataset 65 (include) 3.62 billion protein sequences from land-based microbes, 2.94 billion protein sequences from ocean microbes, 2.43 billion antibody protein sequences, and 60 million viral protein sequences. 第三节 （共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分） 用括号内所给提示的适当形式填空，每空只填一词。 66. Despite his old age, he remains ____________ (energy) and spends most of his time volunteering for community services. 67. She ____________ (accident) broke the vase while cleaning the shelf. 68. ___________ (science) advances in artificial intelligence have raised both hopes and concerns among experts. 69. The ___________ (consume) of fossil fuels has led to a series of environmental problems that require immediate solutions. 70. The film is an ___________ (adapt) of a classic novel set in the 19th century. 71. In today’s market, businesses must be ___________ (compete) to survive and thrive. 72. The ___________ (combine) of theory and practice is essential for mastering a skill. 73. All ___________ (participate) in the workshop will receive a certificate of completion. 74. She has no ___________ (intend) of changing her educational path in the near future. 75. It is ___________ (normal) for a child to refuse to eat any vegetables at all. 76. The actor’s ___________ (面部的) expressions were very vivid in the movie. 77. The person who works hard ___________ (应受、应得) to be rewarded. 78. The new community center is equipped with various sports ___________ (设施) for residents to use. 79. ___________ (不管) of how busy he is, he always finds time to call his parents every week. 80. The writer uses elegant and ___________ (幽默的) language in her stories. 81. The ___________ (接待员) at the front desk was very friendly and helped us with our registration. 82. He is a ___________ (有创造力的) designer who always comes up with new ideas. 83. After ___________ (退休), my grandfather spends his time gardening and traveling. 84. The ancient castle, with its unique architecture and long history, is one of the most ___________ (令人印象深刻的) attractions in the region. 85. After several rounds of interviews, three ___________ (候选人) were shortlisted for the manager position. 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 2026年是可持续发展志愿者国际年（Volunteer Year of Sustainable Development），Global Volunteers现招募志愿者。假如你是李华，拟申请一个项目的志愿服务。请根据以下信息写一封申请信，内容包括： 1．申请原因；2．个人优势；3．服务设想。 Volunteer project Place Time education support rural Tanzania from July 6th to 25th 注意：1．词数80词左右； 2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Sir or Madam, ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $