Unit 5 Languages Around the World世界各地的语言（单元阅读精练）英语人教版必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦语言文化主题，融合词汇分类、句法解析、读写训练，系统培养语言能力与文化意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |外刊精读|1篇原文+译文|长难句结构分析（如现在完成时、动名词作主语）、高频词汇替换（emerge/evolve/vanish）|语言重要性→多样性价值→保护措施的逻辑链| |词汇拓展|2类核心词汇|语言分类（方言/母语等）、文化拓展词汇（globalization等）系统归类|从基础词汇到主题拓展，构建语言文化词汇网络| |真题链接|1篇真题|细节理解、推理判断解题技巧|衔接高考考点，强化语言现象分析能力| |实战演练|8篇语篇（阅读/七选五/完形）|七选五逻辑衔接、完形语境词汇运用|覆盖不同体裁，从理解到表达提升综合语言能力|

Unit 5 Languages Around the World世界各地的语言 单元阅读精练 答案 【高考真题链接】 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球语言更迭的现状，指出近现代语言消亡速度加快的问题，对比不同地域的语言分布特点，分析了全球化、科技发展等导致小众语言消亡的原因，强调了保护语言多样性、守护人类文化瑰宝的重要意义。 答案解析： 1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going...lots of languages died out”可知，如今越来越多的语言正在消亡。A与原文相悖；C、D表述错误，偏远地区语言更多元，大型社会会压缩语言多样性。故选B。 2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers of local people”可知，湿热地区语言种类多，但使用人群较少。A是温和地区的语言特点；B、D原文未提及。故选C。 3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“globalization sweeps the world...Modern communication technology and population movement further accelerate the extinction of minority languages”可知，全球化与现代科技发展加速了小众语言消亡。其余选项均无原文依据。故选C。 4.C 【解析】态度判断题。根据最后一段“protecting linguistic diversity is extremely important, for different languages are the symbols of unique cultures and human wisdom”可知，作者认为保护语言多样性意义重大，持支持态度。故选C。 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 01 阅读理解 说明文 292 英语成为全球通用语言的发展历程与核心原因 Passage 02 阅读理解 说明文 338 汉语文字系统的传承价值与文化凝聚作用 Passage 03 阅读理解 记叙文 315 青年志愿者助力濒危方言记录与传承的故事 Passage 04 阅读理解 议论文 340 双语学习对青少年跨文化能力的提升作用 Passage 05 阅读理解 说明文 305 网络语言的兴起对传统语言发展的影响 Passage 06 七选五 说明文 230 保护濒危语言的有效举措与全球实践 Passage 07 七选五 夹叙夹议 245 语言交流如何打破文化隔阂、促进文明互通 Cloze 08 完形填空 记叙文 390 一位教师坚守方言教学、传承本土文化的经历 一、阅读理解 Passage 01 【导语】 说明文，介绍英语作为全球通用语言的地位，从殖民扩张、英美发展、互联网普及三个 维度分析英语全球化的成因，阐述其在国际交流、信息获取中的重要作用。 答案解析: 1、B 细节题。根据首段“English is the most widely used global language”以及“serves as an official language”可知，英语是全球通用交流语言。A、D表述绝对；C与原文不符。 2、B 细节题。根据第二段“the rapid economic development and technological innovation of the United States further consolidated the global position of English”可知，美国的经济与科技发展巩固了英语的全球地位。其余选项无依据。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“the Internet accelerates the global popularity of English”可知，互联网推动了数字时代英语的普及。 4、B 推理题。根据最后一段“Mastering English enables people to access global information”可知，英语在全球信息获取中至关重要。A与原文相悖；C表述片面；D错误，英语的普及是历史必然而非偶然。 Passage 02 【导语】 说明文，聚焦中国文字系统，对比字母文字的差异，介绍汉字形义稳定、跨越方言 壁垒的特点，阐述其在中华文明传承、民族凝聚、国际文化交流中的核心价值。 答案解析 1、B 细节题。根据第一段“One of the most important factors supporting the continuous inheritance of Chinese civilization is the unique Chinese writing system”可知，独特的汉字书写体系是中华文明绵延不绝的重要支撑。 2、C 细节题。根据第二段“maintained stable core meanings and forms”可知，汉字的字形和核心含义历经演变仍保持稳定。A、B、D均与原文表述相悖。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“The Chinese writing system plays an irreplaceable role in uniting the Chinese nation and inheriting traditional culture”可知，统一的书面汉字凝聚了民族与文化。B、C、D表述错误且绝对。 4、B 细节题。尾段指出汉字连接古今、助力文化传承与国际交流，印证其对文化传承的推动作用。A与原文相悖；C、D表述错误。 Passage 03 【导语】 记叙文，讲述大学生志愿者深入乡村开展方言保护与传承工作，通过记录方言、普及 方言文化的方式守护本土语言遗产，诠释方言承载的文化价值。 答案解析： 1、B 细节题。根据首段“with the popularity of Mandarin and global languages”可知，普通话与国际主流语言的普及，导致方言面临消亡危机。其余选项无原文依据。 2、B 细节题。根据第二段“record local dialects...sort out dialect vocabulary and pronunciation rules”可知，志愿者的核心工作是记录、整理方言资料。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“They hold small lectures for rural children, teach them dialect nursery rhymes and traditional sayings”可知，志愿者为儿童开展方言文化讲座。 4、B 细节题。根据尾段“Protecting dialects is protecting local cultural roots”可知，志愿者认为保护方言就是守护本土文化根基。其余选项与文意相悖。 Passage 04 【导语】 议论文，围绕青少年双语学习展开，从跨文化理解、思维能力、综合竞争力三个维度 阐述双语学习的重要价值，强调双语学习兼顾文化传承与国际视野拓展。 答案解析： 1、B 词义猜测题。结合语境“全球化时代，跨文化交流是生活和工作中不可或缺的一部分”，indispensable 意为“不可或缺的、重要的”，对应 important。 2、A 细节题。根据第二段首句“Firstly, bilingual learning improves students’ cross-cultural understanding”可知，双语学习的首要益处是提升跨文化理解能力。 3、B 细节题。根据第三段“Bilingual learners are better at analyzing problems from multiple perspectives”可知，双语学习能提升多角度分析问题的能力。其余选项与原文相悖。 4、C 主旨题。全文围绕双语学习对青少年的各类益处展开论述，C选项精准概括全文主旨。A偏离主题；B仅为背景；D文中未提及快速学习方法。 Passage 05 【导语】 说明文，客观分析网络流行语的时代特征，辩证阐述其对传统语言发展的利弊影响， 提出理性看待、规范使用网络语言的观点。 答案解析： 1、B 细节题。根据首段“trendy slang and creative network expressions”可知，网络语言新潮、富有创新性。A、C、D均不符合其特点。 2、A 细节题。根据第二段“they enrich language expression forms”可知，网络语言的积极作用是丰富语言表达形式。B、C、D表述错误。 3、B 细节题。根据第三段“leading to non-standard written expression and weak language foundation”可知，过度使用网络语言会导致语言表达不规范。 4、C 态度题。作者既肯定网络语言的积极价值，也指出其弊端，并提出理性使用的建议，态度客观理性。 Passage 06（七选五） 【导语】 说明文，介绍全球濒危语言的消亡现状，从政府政策、教育普及、公众参与、 国际合作四个方面阐述保护濒危语言的具体举措，强调多方合力守护语言多样性。 答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.F 答案解析 1、B 上下文衔接。前文点明大量语言濒临消亡，B选项承接上文，指出语言消亡意味着独特文化的流失，呼应后文保护语言的文化意义。 2、D 段落衔接。后文开始介绍各类保护举措，D选项补充说明语言消亡的隐蔽现状，引出下文保护措施的必要性。 3、A 逻辑衔接。后文介绍学校开设语言课程的教育举措，A选项点明教育普及是核心保护手段，总领该分句内容。 4、C 指代衔接。前文提及老年人是母语传承者，C选项中They指代elderly people，说明老年人向年轻人传承语言经验，逻辑连贯。 5、F 递进衔接。前文介绍国际合作的作用，F选项说明国际合作有助于构建全球语言保护体系，升华段落主旨。 Passage 07（七选五） 【导语】 夹叙夹议文，论述语言在跨文化交流中的桥梁作用，阐释语言学习与文化理解的关联， 说明得体的语言交流能够消除文化隔阂、促进文明互通。 答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.E 5.G 答案解析 1、B 转折衔接。前文指出语言差异带来交流壁垒，B选项转折过渡，点明语言也能消除文化隔阂，引出全文核心主旨。 2、A 逻辑衔接。后文说明学习语言实则是学习背后的文化内涵，A选项指出语言学习不止是记单词，贴合后文语境。 3、C 例证衔接。后文通过国际活动志愿者的例子，证明语言交流助力跨国友好往来，C选项总领该例证主旨。 4、E 主旨衔接。后文强调语言使用的尊重与包容，E选项点明包容性语言使用推动全球文化交流，契合段落核心。 5、G 递进升华。尾段总结语言的价值，G选项承接前文，说明语言拉近不同文明的距离，呼应全文主旨。 二、完形填空 Cloze 08 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】 记叙文，讲述退休教师王先生坚守方言教学、整理方言资料、守护本土语言文化的故事，展现普通人对语言文化传承的坚守与担当，凸显方言保护的重要意义。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Languages Around the World世界各地的语言 单元阅读精练 单元主题：多元语言的发展、传承与文化价值，聚焦全球语言演变、语言文化融合、 母语保护与跨文化交流 主题一、外刊精读原文 Languages are the most powerful carriers of human culture and civilization. Throughout human history, thousands of languages have emerged, evolved and vanished with the migration and development of human societies. At present, there are more than 7,000 living languages around the world, but nearly half of them are facing the risk of extinction. Dominant global languages, such as English, Spanish and Mandarin, play a vital role in international communication, trade cooperation and cultural exchange. The diversity of languages is a precious treasure of humanity. Each language carries unique historical memories, traditional customs and ways of thinking of a nation or a region. Different languages shape diverse cultural landscapes, enrich human civilization and promote mutual understanding between different ethnic groups. However, with the acceleration of globalization, minority languages are gradually marginalized. Many young people tend to master mainstream international languages while ignoring the inheritance of their native dialects and ethnic languages. Protecting linguistic diversity has become a global consensus. Governments and cultural organizations worldwide have taken active measures to preserve endangered languages. They record ancient languages, compile language materials and carry out language popularization education. Balancing the learning of global mainstream languages and the protection of local native languages helps maintain cultural diversity, realize cross-cultural communication and pass on precious human cultural heritage from generation to generation. 中文译文 语言是人类文化与文明最强大的载体。纵观人类历史，数千种语言随着人类社会的迁徙与发展不断诞生、演变、消亡。目前，全球现存七千多种活语言，但其中近半数面临消亡风险。英语、西班牙语、汉语普通话等全球主流语言，在国际交流、贸易合作与文化互通中发挥着至关重要的作用。 语言多样性是人类珍贵的财富。每一种语言都承载着一个民族、一个地域独特的历史记忆、传统习俗与思维方式。多元语言造就了丰富的文化图景，丰富了人类文明体系，推动了不同族群之间的相互理解。但随着全球化进程加快，小众语言逐渐被边缘化。许多年轻人热衷于学习主流国际语言，却忽视了本地方言与民族语言的传承。 保护语言多样性已成为全球共识。世界各国政府与文化机构纷纷采取积极举措，守护濒危语言。通过记录古老语言、编纂语言资料、开展语言普及教育等方式留存语言火种。平衡主流通用语言学习与本土母语保护，既能维系文化多样性、实现跨文化顺畅交流，也能让珍贵的人类文化遗产代代相传。 1. carrier /ˈkæriə(r)/ n. 载体；携带者；运输工具 2. evolve /iˈvɒlv/ v. 进化；演变；逐步发展 3. vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/ v. 消失；消亡；绝迹 4. migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 迁徙；迁移 5. extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝；消亡 6. dominant /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj. 主导的；主流的；占优势的 7. vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的 8. diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 多样性；多元化 9. unique /juˈniːk/ adj. 独特的；独一无二的 10. marginalize /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪz/ v. 使边缘化；忽视 11. inheritance /ɪnˈherɪtəns/ n. 传承；继承 12. consensus /kənˈsensəs/ n. 共识；一致意见 13. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护；保存；留存 14. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒危的 15. heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；文化瑰宝 【词汇延伸】 （一）语言核心分类词汇 1. dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt/ n. 方言；土语 2. native language 母语；本族语 3. official language 官方语言 4. mainstream language 主流语言 5. minority language 小众语言；少数民族语言 6. oral language 口语 7. written language 书面语 8. bilingual /ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj. 双语的 n. 双语者 9. multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj. 多语言的 （二）语言发展与文化拓展词汇 1. globalization /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 全球化 2. cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流 3. cultural inheritance 文化传承 4. linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ adj. 语言的；语言学的 5. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明；文化 6. accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v. 积累；积淀 7. flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/ v. 繁荣；蓬勃发展 8. fade /feɪd/ v. 衰退；逐渐消失 长难句1： Throughout human history, thousands of languages have emerged, evolved and vanished with the migration and development of human societies. 句子结构： 本句为简单句。Throughout human history 为全程时间状语，with the migration and development of human societies 为伴随状语；主语为 thousands of languages，谓语为三个并列动词 have emerged, evolved and vanished，构成并列谓语结构，简洁凝练地体现语言的动态发展过程。 重难点解析： 1. 现在完成时搭配全程时间状语，强调语言演变是贯穿人类历史的持续性动作； 2. emerge、evolve、vanish 为高考高频同义递进词汇，分别体现语言“诞生-发展-消亡”的完整过程，写作可升级替换普通词汇； 3. with 伴随状语是读写高频句式，常用于阐述事物发展的背景与动因。 译文：纵观人类历史，数千种语言随着人类社会的迁徙与发展不断诞生、演变、消亡。 长难句2： Balancing the learning of global mainstream languages and the protection of local native languages helps maintain cultural diversity, realize cross-cultural communication and pass on precious human cultural heritage from generation to generation. 句子结构： 本句为主谓宾结构的长难句。主语为动名词短语 Balancing...native languages，谓语为 helps，后接三个并列省略to的不定式宾语（maintain、realize、pass on），构成排比结构，句式工整、逻辑清晰。 重难点解析： 1. 动名词短语作主语是高考阅读与写作高频考点，谓语动词需用单数形式； 2. balance A and B 为核心高频搭配，意为“平衡A与B”，适用于各类读写话题； 3. from generation to generation 为经典写作短语，意为“代代相传”，适配文化传承类话题。 译文：平衡主流通用语言学习与本土母语保护，既能维系文化多样性、实现跨文化顺畅交流，也能让珍贵的人类文化遗产代代相传。 【高考真题链接】 Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When humanity progressed, lots of languages died out. Usually, it’s believed that small, remote communities have the most diverse languages, while large, powerful societies force fewer languages to exist. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers of local people. Over the past 200 years, more than 400 languages have died out, and most of the remaining languages are facing huge pressure.Many languages are at risk of disappearing as globalization sweeps the world. Dominant languages like English, Spanish and Mandarin are replacing local languages. Modern communication technology and population movement further accelerate the extinction of minority languages. However, protecting linguistic diversity is extremely important, for different languages are the symbols of unique cultures and human wisdom. 1. What phenomenon is mentioned in the first paragraph? A. New languages are created faster than before. B. More languages are disappearing nowadays. C. Remote communities prefer mainstream languages. D. Large societies create diverse languages. 2. What do we know about languages in hot and wet areas? A. They are fewer but widely spoken. B. They are protected well by locals. C. They are various but used by few people. D. They are replaced by dominant languages. 3. What leads to the extinction of minority languages? A. The development of local culture. B. The popularity of linguistic diversity. C. Globalization and technological progress. D. The improvement of living standards. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards linguistic diversity protection? A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Supportive. D. Negative. 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 01 阅读理解 说明文 292 英语成为全球通用语言的发展历程与核心原因 Passage 02 阅读理解 说明文 338 汉语文字系统的传承价值与文化凝聚作用 Passage 03 阅读理解 记叙文 315 青年志愿者助力濒危方言记录与传承的故事 Passage 04 阅读理解 议论文 340 双语学习对青少年跨文化能力的提升作用 Passage 05 阅读理解 说明文 305 网络语言的兴起对传统语言发展的影响 Passage 06 七选五 说明文 230 保护濒危语言的有效举措与全球实践 Passage 07 七选五 夹叙夹议 245 语言交流如何打破文化隔阂、促进文明互通 Cloze 08 完形填空 记叙文 390 一位教师坚守方言教学、传承本土文化的经历 一、阅读理解 Passage 01 English is the most widely used global language in the world today. It is spoken as a native language by over 400 million people and serves as an official language in more than 50 countries. Its status as a global lingua franca（通用语）did not come by accident, but is the result of historical development and social progress. In the 17th and 18th centuries, British colonial expansion promoted the spread of English across Europe, America, Africa and Oceania. Later, the rapid economic development and technological innovation of the United States further consolidated the global position of English. With the rise of international trade, global tourism and cross-border cooperation, English has gradually become the preferred language for international communication, academic exchange and business cooperation. Nowadays, the Internet accelerates the global popularity of English. Most international websites, academic papers and digital resources are published in English. Mastering English enables people to access global information, communicate with people from all over the world and participate in international affairs. Despite the rapid development of other languages, English will still maintain its dominant global position for a long time. 1. What is the function of English worldwide? A. It is the only native language in developed countries. B. It acts as a global universal communication language. C. It replaces all local minority languages. D. It is the official language of all countries. 2. What helped strengthen English’ global status? A. The decline of other languages. B. American economic and technological development. C. The popularity of local cultures. D. The reduction of international trade. 3. What makes English more popular in the digital age? A. The development of the Internet. B. The improvement of education. C. The change of people’s hobbies. D. The support of all governments. 4. What can we infer about English from the text? A. It will soon be replaced by other languages. B. It plays a key role in global information access. C. It is only used in business cooperation. D. Its development is full of accidents. Passage 02 China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. One of the most important factors supporting the continuous inheritance of Chinese civilization is the unique Chinese writing system. Unlike alphabetic languages that based on pronunciation, Chinese characters are ideographic（表意的）, focusing on meaning expression. Over thousands of years, Chinese writing system has evolved continuously but maintained stable core meanings and forms. Even though different regions in China have formed various dialects with different pronunciations, people across the country can communicate smoothly through unified written Chinese. The Chinese writing system plays an irreplaceable role in uniting the Chinese nation and inheriting traditional culture. It connects the past and the present, allowing modern people to understand ancient classics and traditional culture. Meanwhile, it spreads Chinese civilization to the world, becoming an important bridge for international cultural exchange. In recent years, more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese characters, showing global recognition of Chinese cultural charm. 1. What helps Chinese civilization last for a long time? A. Advanced modern technology. B. The unique Chinese writing system. C. Various local dialects. D. International cultural exchange. 2. What is the feature of Chinese characters? A. They change greatly in core meanings. B. They focus on pronunciation expression. C. They are stable in forms and meanings. D. They are the same as alphabetic languages. 3. What is the function of unified written Chinese? A. It unites the Chinese nation and culture. B. It replaces all local dialects. C. It makes oral communication unnecessary. D. It changes the history of civilization. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Few foreigners are interested in Chinese characters. B. Chinese writing system promotes cultural inheritance. C. Ancient classics are hard for modern people to understand. D. Chinese civilization has no development potential. Passage 03 Many local dialects in China are facing the risk of extinction with the popularity of Mandarin and global languages. To protect these precious linguistic treasures, a group of college student volunteers have launched a dialect inheritance project in rural areas. Li Jia, a sophomore majoring in Chinese language and literature, is one of the core volunteers. Every summer vacation, she and her teammates go to remote mountain villages to record local dialects. They interview elderly villagers who can speak pure local dialects, record daily dialogues and traditional folk stories in dialect, and sort out dialect vocabulary and pronunciation rules in detail. Many elderly villagers are willing to cooperate, hoping that their local dialect can be passed down to younger generations. The volunteers not only record dialect materials, but also carry out dialect popularization activities. They hold small lectures for rural children, teach them dialect nursery rhymes and traditional sayings, and share the cultural stories behind dialects. Their efforts have achieved remarkable results. More local teenagers begin to pay attention to their native dialects and take the initiative to learn and inherit them. The volunteers said that dialects carry local folk culture and collective memories. Protecting dialects is protecting local cultural roots. They will keep working hard to let these ancient languages glow with new vitality. 1. Why do many local dialects face extinction? A. Young people dislike dialects. B. Popularization of mainstream languages. C. Lack of professional teachers. D. Old villagers refuse to pass them on. 2. What do the student volunteers do in mountain villages? A. Teach villagers Mandarin. B. Record and sort out local dialects. C. Write new stories for villages. D. Train professional language teachers. 3. What activity do the volunteers hold for children? A. Dialect culture lectures. B. Modern speech competitions. C. Foreign language training. D. Traditional writing exams. 4. What is the volunteers’ opinion on dialect protection? A. Dialects are useless in modern society. B. Dialect protection guards local cultural roots. C. Mainstream languages should replace dialects. D. Dialect inheritance is extremely difficult. Passage 04 In the era of globalization, cross-cultural communication has become an indispensable part of people’s life and work. Bilingual education, which enables students to master both their native language and a foreign language, has gained wide popularity in youth education. Bilingual learning brings numerous benefits to teenagers’ growth and ability improvement. Firstly, bilingual learning improves students’ cross-cultural understanding. Different languages reflect different cultural values, thinking modes and social customs. Learning a foreign language allows teenagers to break through the limitations of single cultural perspective, understand diverse cultures, and respect cultural differences. Secondly, it enhances students’ communication and thinking abilities. Switching between two languages exercises logical thinking and flexible expression skills. Bilingual learners are better at analyzing problems from multiple perspectives and communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds. Finally, bilingual competence improves teenagers’ comprehensive competitiveness. In international study, work and communication scenarios, bilingual talents have obvious advantages. Proper bilingual education balances native language inheritance and foreign language learning, realizing the integration of cultural inheritance and international vision expansion. 1. What does the underlined word “indispensable” mean? A. Unnecessary. B. Important. C. Difficult. D. Boring. 2. What is the first benefit of bilingual learning? A. Improving cultural understanding. B. Increasing learning pressure. C. Changing personal hobbies. D. Simplifying daily life. 3. How does bilingual learning influence thinking ability? A. It limits thinking perspectives. B. It improves multi-angle analysis ability. C. It makes thinking more single. D. It reduces logical thinking skills. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Foreign Language Learning B. The Popularity of Bilingual Education C. Benefits of Bilingual Learning for Teenagers D. Ways to Master Two Languages Quickly Passage 05 With the rapid development of the Internet and social media, online languages have become a new linguistic phenomenon among young people. Short abbreviations, trendy slang and creative network expressions are widely used in daily online communication, bringing new vitality to modern language development. Online languages have both positive and negative influences on traditional languages. On the positive side, they enrich language expression forms, make communication more concise and vivid, and reflect the innovative thinking of young people. They also keep languages close to the times and promote the dynamic development of modern languages. However, excessive use of irregular online languages also causes problems. Many network expressions lack standard grammar and formal logic. Some teenagers rely too much on casual online language, leading to non-standard written expression and weak language foundation. Long-term abuse of online slang may even affect their mastery of standard native language. Therefore, we should treat online languages rationally. We can accept positive and innovative network expressions, but we must stick to standard language use in study, work and formal occasions. Balancing the use of online languages and standard languages helps maintain the standardization and vitality of language development. 1. What is the feature of online languages? A. Formal and standard. B. Trendy and innovative. C. Old and traditional. D. Complex and difficult. 2. What is the positive effect of online languages? A. They enrich language expression forms. B. They make formal writing simpler. C. They replace traditional languages. D. They standardize grammar rules. 3. What problem may excessive use of online languages cause? A. More creative thinking. B. Non-standard language expression. C. Faster communication speed. D. Richer language foundation. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards online languages? A. Fully supportive. B. Totally negative. C. Rational. D. Doubtful. Passage 06（七选五） Thousands of minority languages around the world are on the verge of extinction. Linguists predict that half of the current languages will disappear in the next century. 1____ Protecting these endangered languages is not only to save linguistic resources, but also to preserve diverse human cultures. 2____ First, governments should formulate relevant policies to protect minority languages. They can list endangered languages as cultural protection objects and fund language inheritance projects. 3____ Schools can set up optional courses of local ethnic languages, enabling teenagers to learn and master native languages from an early age. Besides official efforts, public participation is equally important. Local residents, especially elderly people, are the inheritors of native languages. 4____ Meanwhile, young people can record oral histories and folk stories in local languages with modern technology. In addition, international cooperation plays a vital role. Global cultural organizations can share language protection experience and jointly rescue endangered languages. 5____ Only joint efforts from all sides can well protect linguistic diversity. A. Educational popularization is another key measure. B. Language extinction means the loss of unique culture. C. They can pass on oral language experience to young generations. D. Many languages disappear without people’s notice. E. Technological development blocks language inheritance. F. This helps form a global language protection system. G. There are no effective ways to save endangered languages. Passage 07（七选五） Language is the bridge of cultural communication. Different countries and nations have different languages, which bring cultural differences and communication barriers. 1____ Mastering different languages helps break down cultural barriers and promote mutual understanding. In cross-cultural communication, language is not only a communication tool, but also a carrier of culture. 2____ When people learn a foreign language, they are actually learning the values, customs and thinking modes behind the language. Proper language communication can eliminate prejudice and misunderstanding between different groups. 3____ For example, bilingual volunteers play an important role in international events, helping people from different countries communicate smoothly and build friendly relations. 4____ With the development of cross-cultural communication, people pay more attention to respectful and inclusive language use. Respecting different languages and cultures has become a basic quality of global citizens. In short, languages connect the world. 5____ They promote cultural integration and make human civilization more diverse and wonderful. A. Language learning is more than word memorization. B. However, languages can also bridge cultural gaps. C. Good language communication builds cross-cultural friendship. D. Cultural differences cause communication difficulties. E. Inclusive language use promotes global cultural exchange. F. Languages make global communication more difficult. G. They bring different civilizations closer to each other. 二、完形填空 Cloze 08 Many local dialects in remote areas are gradually fading away with the spread of mainstream languages. Mr. Wang, a retired teacher, has ___1___ a lifelong commitment to protecting his hometown dialect. He believes that dialect is the most ___2___ cultural treasure left by his ancestors, carrying local history and folk customs. When he was young, almost all villagers communicated in the local dialect. But as young people went out to study and work, they gradually ___3___ using the dialect. Most children can only understand the dialect but ___4___ speak it fluently. Facing the ___5___ of the hometown dialect, Mr. Wang decided to do something to save it. He began to teach dialect courses in the village’s primary school voluntarily. Every week, he uses simple and interesting ways to ___6___ dialect vocabulary, nursery rhymes and folk stories to children. At first, some parents ___7___ that dialect learning would affect children’s Mandarin study. But after seeing children inherit traditional culture and understand local customs better, they totally ___8___ Mr. Wang’s efforts. In addition to teaching, Mr. Wang also ___9___ dialect materials. He records the dialogues of elderly villagers, sorts out classic dialect sentences, and compiles a simple dialect textbook. Thanks to his continuous efforts, the hometown dialect has regained vitality. Mr. Wang said that cultural inheritance needs lasting ___10___, and he will stick to dialect protection all his life. 1．A. taken B. made C. kept D. paid 2．A. worthless B. precious C. common D. modern 3．A. stopped B. continued C. enjoyed D. practiced 4．A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 5．A. development B. extinction C. popularity D. progress 6．A. teach B. hide C. borrow D. remove 7．A. hoped B. doubted C. agreed D. forgot 8．A. supported B. ignored C. refused D. abandoned 9．A. buys B. collects C. wastes D. loses 10．A. failure B. luck C. effort D. change 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Languages Around the World世界各地的语言 单元阅读精练 单元主题：多元语言的发展、传承与文化价值，聚焦全球语言演变、语言文化融合、 母语保护与跨文化交流 主题一、外刊精读原文 Languages are the most powerful carriers of human culture and civilization. Throughout human history, thousands of languages have emerged, evolved and vanished with the migration and development of human societies. At present, there are more than 7,000 living languages around the world, but nearly half of them are facing the risk of extinction. Dominant global languages, such as English, Spanish and Mandarin, play a vital role in international communication, trade cooperation and cultural exchange. The diversity of languages is a precious treasure of humanity. Each language carries unique historical memories, traditional customs and ways of thinking of a nation or a region. Different languages shape diverse cultural landscapes, enrich human civilization and promote mutual understanding between different ethnic groups. However, with the acceleration of globalization, minority languages are gradually marginalized. Many young people tend to master mainstream international languages while ignoring the inheritance of their native dialects and ethnic languages. Protecting linguistic diversity has become a global consensus. Governments and cultural organizations worldwide have taken active measures to preserve endangered languages. They record ancient languages, compile language materials and carry out language popularization education. Balancing the learning of global mainstream languages and the protection of local native languages helps maintain cultural diversity, realize cross-cultural communication and pass on precious human cultural heritage from generation to generation. 中文译文 语言是人类文化与文明最强大的载体。纵观人类历史，数千种语言随着人类社会的迁徙与发展不断诞生、演变、消亡。目前，全球现存七千多种活语言，但其中近半数面临消亡风险。英语、西班牙语、汉语普通话等全球主流语言，在国际交流、贸易合作与文化互通中发挥着至关重要的作用。 语言多样性是人类珍贵的财富。每一种语言都承载着一个民族、一个地域独特的历史记忆、传统习俗与思维方式。多元语言造就了丰富的文化图景，丰富了人类文明体系，推动了不同族群之间的相互理解。但随着全球化进程加快，小众语言逐渐被边缘化。许多年轻人热衷于学习主流国际语言，却忽视了本地方言与民族语言的传承。 保护语言多样性已成为全球共识。世界各国政府与文化机构纷纷采取积极举措，守护濒危语言。通过记录古老语言、编纂语言资料、开展语言普及教育等方式留存语言火种。平衡主流通用语言学习与本土母语保护，既能维系文化多样性、实现跨文化顺畅交流，也能让珍贵的人类文化遗产代代相传。 1. carrier /ˈkæriə(r)/ n. 载体；携带者；运输工具 2. evolve /iˈvɒlv/ v. 进化；演变；逐步发展 3. vanish /ˈvænɪʃ/ v. 消失；消亡；绝迹 4. migration /maɪˈɡreɪʃn/ n. 迁徙；迁移 5. extinction /ɪkˈstɪŋkʃn/ n. 灭绝；消亡 6. dominant /ˈdɒmɪnənt/ adj. 主导的；主流的；占优势的 7. vital /ˈvaɪtl/ adj. 至关重要的；生死攸关的 8. diversity /daɪˈvɜːsəti/ n. 多样性；多元化 9. unique /juˈniːk/ adj. 独特的；独一无二的 10. marginalize /ˈmɑːdʒɪnəlaɪz/ v. 使边缘化；忽视 11. inheritance /ɪnˈherɪtəns/ n. 传承；继承 12. consensus /kənˈsensəs/ n. 共识；一致意见 13. preserve /prɪˈzɜːv/ v. 保护；保存；留存 14. endangered /ɪnˈdeɪndʒəd/ adj. 濒危的 15. heritage /ˈherɪtɪdʒ/ n. 遗产；传统；文化瑰宝 【词汇延伸】 （一）语言核心分类词汇 1. dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt/ n. 方言；土语 2. native language 母语；本族语 3. official language 官方语言 4. mainstream language 主流语言 5. minority language 小众语言；少数民族语言 6. oral language 口语 7. written language 书面语 8. bilingual /ˌbaɪˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj. 双语的 n. 双语者 9. multilingual /ˌmʌltiˈlɪŋɡwəl/ adj. 多语言的 （二）语言发展与文化拓展词汇 1. globalization /ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 全球化 2. cross-cultural communication 跨文化交流 3. cultural inheritance 文化传承 4. linguistic /lɪŋˈɡwɪstɪk/ adj. 语言的；语言学的 5. civilization /ˌsɪvəlaɪˈzeɪʃn/ n. 文明；文化 6. accumulate /əˈkjuːmjəleɪt/ v. 积累；积淀 7. flourish /ˈflʌrɪʃ/ v. 繁荣；蓬勃发展 8. fade /feɪd/ v. 衰退；逐渐消失 长难句1： Throughout human history, thousands of languages have emerged, evolved and vanished with the migration and development of human societies. 句子结构： 本句为简单句。Throughout human history 为全程时间状语，with the migration and development of human societies 为伴随状语；主语为 thousands of languages，谓语为三个并列动词 have emerged, evolved and vanished，构成并列谓语结构，简洁凝练地体现语言的动态发展过程。 重难点解析： 1. 现在完成时搭配全程时间状语，强调语言演变是贯穿人类历史的持续性动作； 2. emerge、evolve、vanish 为高考高频同义递进词汇，分别体现语言“诞生-发展-消亡”的完整过程，写作可升级替换普通词汇； 3. with 伴随状语是读写高频句式，常用于阐述事物发展的背景与动因。 译文：纵观人类历史，数千种语言随着人类社会的迁徙与发展不断诞生、演变、消亡。 长难句2： Balancing the learning of global mainstream languages and the protection of local native languages helps maintain cultural diversity, realize cross-cultural communication and pass on precious human cultural heritage from generation to generation. 句子结构： 本句为主谓宾结构的长难句。主语为动名词短语 Balancing...native languages，谓语为 helps，后接三个并列省略to的不定式宾语（maintain、realize、pass on），构成排比结构，句式工整、逻辑清晰。 重难点解析： 1. 动名词短语作主语是高考阅读与写作高频考点，谓语动词需用单数形式； 2. balance A and B 为核心高频搭配，意为“平衡A与B”，适用于各类读写话题； 3. from generation to generation 为经典写作短语，意为“代代相传”，适配文化传承类话题。 译文：平衡主流通用语言学习与本土母语保护，既能维系文化多样性、实现跨文化顺畅交流，也能让珍贵的人类文化遗产代代相传。 【高考真题链接】 Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going. When humanity progressed, lots of languages died out. Usually, it’s believed that small, remote communities have the most diverse languages, while large, powerful societies force fewer languages to exist. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, often spoken by many people, while hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers of local people. Over the past 200 years, more than 400 languages have died out, and most of the remaining languages are facing huge pressure.Many languages are at risk of disappearing as globalization sweeps the world. Dominant languages like English, Spanish and Mandarin are replacing local languages. Modern communication technology and population movement further accelerate the extinction of minority languages. However, protecting linguistic diversity is extremely important, for different languages are the symbols of unique cultures and human wisdom. 1. What phenomenon is mentioned in the first paragraph? A. New languages are created faster than before. B. More languages are disappearing nowadays. C. Remote communities prefer mainstream languages. D. Large societies create diverse languages. 2. What do we know about languages in hot and wet areas? A. They are fewer but widely spoken. B. They are protected well by locals. C. They are various but used by few people. D. They are replaced by dominant languages. 3. What leads to the extinction of minority languages? A. The development of local culture. B. The popularity of linguistic diversity. C. Globalization and technological progress. D. The improvement of living standards. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards linguistic diversity protection? A. Doubtful. B. Uncaring. C. Supportive. D. Negative. 【导语】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了全球语言更迭的现状，指出近现代语言消亡速度加快的问题，对比不同地域的语言分布特点，分析了全球化、科技发展等导致小众语言消亡的原因，强调了保护语言多样性、守护人类文化瑰宝的重要意义。 答案解析： 1.B 【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段“but in recent times there has been less coming and a lot more going...lots of languages died out”可知，如今越来越多的语言正在消亡。A与原文相悖；C、D表述错误，偏远地区语言更多元，大型社会会压缩语言多样性。故选B。 2.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段“hot, wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers of local people”可知，湿热地区语言种类多，但使用人群较少。A是温和地区的语言特点；B、D原文未提及。故选C。 3.C 【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段“globalization sweeps the world...Modern communication technology and population movement further accelerate the extinction of minority languages”可知，全球化与现代科技发展加速了小众语言消亡。其余选项均无原文依据。故选C。 4.C 【解析】态度判断题。根据最后一段“protecting linguistic diversity is extremely important, for different languages are the symbols of unique cultures and human wisdom”可知，作者认为保护语言多样性意义重大，持支持态度。故选C。 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 词数 内容简介 Passage 01 阅读理解 说明文 292 英语成为全球通用语言的发展历程与核心原因 Passage 02 阅读理解 说明文 338 汉语文字系统的传承价值与文化凝聚作用 Passage 03 阅读理解 记叙文 315 青年志愿者助力濒危方言记录与传承的故事 Passage 04 阅读理解 议论文 340 双语学习对青少年跨文化能力的提升作用 Passage 05 阅读理解 说明文 305 网络语言的兴起对传统语言发展的影响 Passage 06 七选五 说明文 230 保护濒危语言的有效举措与全球实践 Passage 07 七选五 夹叙夹议 245 语言交流如何打破文化隔阂、促进文明互通 Cloze 08 完形填空 记叙文 390 一位教师坚守方言教学、传承本土文化的经历 一、阅读理解 Passage 01 English is the most widely used global language in the world today. It is spoken as a native language by over 400 million people and serves as an official language in more than 50 countries. Its status as a global lingua franca（通用语）did not come by accident, but is the result of historical development and social progress. In the 17th and 18th centuries, British colonial expansion promoted the spread of English across Europe, America, Africa and Oceania. Later, the rapid economic development and technological innovation of the United States further consolidated the global position of English. With the rise of international trade, global tourism and cross-border cooperation, English has gradually become the preferred language for international communication, academic exchange and business cooperation. Nowadays, the Internet accelerates the global popularity of English. Most international websites, academic papers and digital resources are published in English. Mastering English enables people to access global information, communicate with people from all over the world and participate in international affairs. Despite the rapid development of other languages, English will still maintain its dominant global position for a long time. 1. What is the function of English worldwide? A. It is the only native language in developed countries. B. It acts as a global universal communication language. C. It replaces all local minority languages. D. It is the official language of all countries. 2. What helped strengthen English’ global status? A. The decline of other languages. B. American economic and technological development. C. The popularity of local cultures. D. The reduction of international trade. 3. What makes English more popular in the digital age? A. The development of the Internet. B. The improvement of education. C. The change of people’s hobbies. D. The support of all governments. 4. What can we infer about English from the text? A. It will soon be replaced by other languages. B. It plays a key role in global information access. C. It is only used in business cooperation. D. Its development is full of accidents. 【导语】 说明文，介绍英语作为全球通用语言的地位，从殖民扩张、英美发展、互联网普及三个 维度分析英语全球化的成因，阐述其在国际交流、信息获取中的重要作用。 答案解析: 1、B 细节题。根据首段“English is the most widely used global language”以及“serves as an official language”可知，英语是全球通用交流语言。A、D表述绝对；C与原文不符。 2、B 细节题。根据第二段“the rapid economic development and technological innovation of the United States further consolidated the global position of English”可知，美国的经济与科技发展巩固了英语的全球地位。其余选项无依据。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“the Internet accelerates the global popularity of English”可知，互联网推动了数字时代英语的普及。 4、B 推理题。根据最后一段“Mastering English enables people to access global information”可知，英语在全球信息获取中至关重要。A与原文相悖；C表述片面；D错误，英语的普及是历史必然而非偶然。 Passage 02 China is widely known for its ancient civilization which has continued all the way through into modern times, despite the many ups and downs in its history. One of the most important factors supporting the continuous inheritance of Chinese civilization is the unique Chinese writing system. Unlike alphabetic languages that based on pronunciation, Chinese characters are ideographic（表意的）, focusing on meaning expression. Over thousands of years, Chinese writing system has evolved continuously but maintained stable core meanings and forms. Even though different regions in China have formed various dialects with different pronunciations, people across the country can communicate smoothly through unified written Chinese. The Chinese writing system plays an irreplaceable role in uniting the Chinese nation and inheriting traditional culture. It connects the past and the present, allowing modern people to understand ancient classics and traditional culture. Meanwhile, it spreads Chinese civilization to the world, becoming an important bridge for international cultural exchange. In recent years, more and more foreigners begin to learn Chinese characters, showing global recognition of Chinese cultural charm. 1. What helps Chinese civilization last for a long time? A. Advanced modern technology. B. The unique Chinese writing system. C. Various local dialects. D. International cultural exchange. 2. What is the feature of Chinese characters? A. They change greatly in core meanings. B. They focus on pronunciation expression. C. They are stable in forms and meanings. D. They are the same as alphabetic languages. 3. What is the function of unified written Chinese? A. It unites the Chinese nation and culture. B. It replaces all local dialects. C. It makes oral communication unnecessary. D. It changes the history of civilization. 4. What can we learn from the last paragraph? A. Few foreigners are interested in Chinese characters. B. Chinese writing system promotes cultural inheritance. C. Ancient classics are hard for modern people to understand. D. Chinese civilization has no development potential. 【导语】 说明文，聚焦中国文字系统，对比字母文字的差异，介绍汉字形义稳定、跨越方言 壁垒的特点，阐述其在中华文明传承、民族凝聚、国际文化交流中的核心价值。 答案解析 1、B 细节题。根据第一段“One of the most important factors supporting the continuous inheritance of Chinese civilization is the unique Chinese writing system”可知，独特的汉字书写体系是中华文明绵延不绝的重要支撑。 2、C 细节题。根据第二段“maintained stable core meanings and forms”可知，汉字的字形和核心含义历经演变仍保持稳定。A、B、D均与原文表述相悖。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“The Chinese writing system plays an irreplaceable role in uniting the Chinese nation and inheriting traditional culture”可知，统一的书面汉字凝聚了民族与文化。B、C、D表述错误且绝对。 4、B 细节题。尾段指出汉字连接古今、助力文化传承与国际交流，印证其对文化传承的推动作用。A与原文相悖；C、D表述错误。 Passage 03 Many local dialects in China are facing the risk of extinction with the popularity of Mandarin and global languages. To protect these precious linguistic treasures, a group of college student volunteers have launched a dialect inheritance project in rural areas. Li Jia, a sophomore majoring in Chinese language and literature, is one of the core volunteers. Every summer vacation, she and her teammates go to remote mountain villages to record local dialects. They interview elderly villagers who can speak pure local dialects, record daily dialogues and traditional folk stories in dialect, and sort out dialect vocabulary and pronunciation rules in detail. Many elderly villagers are willing to cooperate, hoping that their local dialect can be passed down to younger generations. The volunteers not only record dialect materials, but also carry out dialect popularization activities. They hold small lectures for rural children, teach them dialect nursery rhymes and traditional sayings, and share the cultural stories behind dialects. Their efforts have achieved remarkable results. More local teenagers begin to pay attention to their native dialects and take the initiative to learn and inherit them. The volunteers said that dialects carry local folk culture and collective memories. Protecting dialects is protecting local cultural roots. They will keep working hard to let these ancient languages glow with new vitality. 1. Why do many local dialects face extinction? A. Young people dislike dialects. B. Popularization of mainstream languages. C. Lack of professional teachers. D. Old villagers refuse to pass them on. 2. What do the student volunteers do in mountain villages? A. Teach villagers Mandarin. B. Record and sort out local dialects. C. Write new stories for villages. D. Train professional language teachers. 3. What activity do the volunteers hold for children? A. Dialect culture lectures. B. Modern speech competitions. C. Foreign language training. D. Traditional writing exams. 4. What is the volunteers’ opinion on dialect protection? A. Dialects are useless in modern society. B. Dialect protection guards local cultural roots. C. Mainstream languages should replace dialects. D. Dialect inheritance is extremely difficult. 【导语】 记叙文，讲述大学生志愿者深入乡村开展方言保护与传承工作，通过记录方言、普及 方言文化的方式守护本土语言遗产，诠释方言承载的文化价值。 答案解析： 1、B 细节题。根据首段“with the popularity of Mandarin and global languages”可知，普通话与国际主流语言的普及，导致方言面临消亡危机。其余选项无原文依据。 2、B 细节题。根据第二段“record local dialects...sort out dialect vocabulary and pronunciation rules”可知，志愿者的核心工作是记录、整理方言资料。 3、A 细节题。根据第三段“They hold small lectures for rural children, teach them dialect nursery rhymes and traditional sayings”可知，志愿者为儿童开展方言文化讲座。 4、B 细节题。根据尾段“Protecting dialects is protecting local cultural roots”可知，志愿者认为保护方言就是守护本土文化根基。其余选项与文意相悖。 Passage 04 In the era of globalization, cross-cultural communication has become an indispensable part of people’s life and work. Bilingual education, which enables students to master both their native language and a foreign language, has gained wide popularity in youth education. Bilingual learning brings numerous benefits to teenagers’ growth and ability improvement. Firstly, bilingual learning improves students’ cross-cultural understanding. Different languages reflect different cultural values, thinking modes and social customs. Learning a foreign language allows teenagers to break through the limitations of single cultural perspective, understand diverse cultures, and respect cultural differences. Secondly, it enhances students’ communication and thinking abilities. Switching between two languages exercises logical thinking and flexible expression skills. Bilingual learners are better at analyzing problems from multiple perspectives and communicating with people from different cultural backgrounds. Finally, bilingual competence improves teenagers’ comprehensive competitiveness. In international study, work and communication scenarios, bilingual talents have obvious advantages. Proper bilingual education balances native language inheritance and foreign language learning, realizing the integration of cultural inheritance and international vision expansion. 1. What does the underlined word “indispensable” mean? A. Unnecessary. B. Important. C. Difficult. D. Boring. 2. What is the first benefit of bilingual learning? A. Improving cultural understanding. B. Increasing learning pressure. C. Changing personal hobbies. D. Simplifying daily life. 3. How does bilingual learning influence thinking ability? A. It limits thinking perspectives. B. It improves multi-angle analysis ability. C. It makes thinking more single. D. It reduces logical thinking skills. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. The Challenges of Foreign Language Learning B. The Popularity of Bilingual Education C. Benefits of Bilingual Learning for Teenagers D. Ways to Master Two Languages Quickly 【导语】 议论文，围绕青少年双语学习展开，从跨文化理解、思维能力、综合竞争力三个维度 阐述双语学习的重要价值，强调双语学习兼顾文化传承与国际视野拓展。 答案解析： 1、B 词义猜测题。结合语境“全球化时代，跨文化交流是生活和工作中不可或缺的一部分”，indispensable 意为“不可或缺的、重要的”，对应 important。 2、A 细节题。根据第二段首句“Firstly, bilingual learning improves students’ cross-cultural understanding”可知，双语学习的首要益处是提升跨文化理解能力。 3、B 细节题。根据第三段“Bilingual learners are better at analyzing problems from multiple perspectives”可知，双语学习能提升多角度分析问题的能力。其余选项与原文相悖。 4、C 主旨题。全文围绕双语学习对青少年的各类益处展开论述，C选项精准概括全文主旨。A偏离主题；B仅为背景；D文中未提及快速学习方法。 Passage 05 With the rapid development of the Internet and social media, online languages have become a new linguistic phenomenon among young people. Short abbreviations, trendy slang and creative network expressions are widely used in daily online communication, bringing new vitality to modern language development. Online languages have both positive and negative influences on traditional languages. On the positive side, they enrich language expression forms, make communication more concise and vivid, and reflect the innovative thinking of young people. They also keep languages close to the times and promote the dynamic development of modern languages. However, excessive use of irregular online languages also causes problems. Many network expressions lack standard grammar and formal logic. Some teenagers rely too much on casual online language, leading to non-standard written expression and weak language foundation. Long-term abuse of online slang may even affect their mastery of standard native language. Therefore, we should treat online languages rationally. We can accept positive and innovative network expressions, but we must stick to standard language use in study, work and formal occasions. Balancing the use of online languages and standard languages helps maintain the standardization and vitality of language development. 1. What is the feature of online languages? A. Formal and standard. B. Trendy and innovative. C. Old and traditional. D. Complex and difficult. 2. What is the positive effect of online languages? A. They enrich language expression forms. B. They make formal writing simpler. C. They replace traditional languages. D. They standardize grammar rules. 3. What problem may excessive use of online languages cause? A. More creative thinking. B. Non-standard language expression. C. Faster communication speed. D. Richer language foundation. 4. What is the author’s attitude towards online languages? A. Fully supportive. B. Totally negative. C. Rational. D. Doubtful. 【导语】 说明文，客观分析网络流行语的时代特征，辩证阐述其对传统语言发展的利弊影响， 提出理性看待、规范使用网络语言的观点。 答案解析： 1、B 细节题。根据首段“trendy slang and creative network expressions”可知，网络语言新潮、富有创新性。A、C、D均不符合其特点。 2、A 细节题。根据第二段“they enrich language expression forms”可知，网络语言的积极作用是丰富语言表达形式。B、C、D表述错误。 3、B 细节题。根据第三段“leading to non-standard written expression and weak language foundation”可知，过度使用网络语言会导致语言表达不规范。 4、C 态度题。作者既肯定网络语言的积极价值，也指出其弊端，并提出理性使用的建议，态度客观理性。 Passage 06（七选五） Thousands of minority languages around the world are on the verge of extinction. Linguists predict that half of the current languages will disappear in the next century. 1____ Protecting these endangered languages is not only to save linguistic resources, but also to preserve diverse human cultures. 2____ First, governments should formulate relevant policies to protect minority languages. They can list endangered languages as cultural protection objects and fund language inheritance projects. 3____ Schools can set up optional courses of local ethnic languages, enabling teenagers to learn and master native languages from an early age. Besides official efforts, public participation is equally important. Local residents, especially elderly people, are the inheritors of native languages. 4____ Meanwhile, young people can record oral histories and folk stories in local languages with modern technology. In addition, international cooperation plays a vital role. Global cultural organizations can share language protection experience and jointly rescue endangered languages. 5____ Only joint efforts from all sides can well protect linguistic diversity. A. Educational popularization is another key measure. B. Language extinction means the loss of unique culture. C. They can pass on oral language experience to young generations. D. Many languages disappear without people’s notice. E. Technological development blocks language inheritance. F. This helps form a global language protection system. G. There are no effective ways to save endangered languages. 【导语】 说明文，介绍全球濒危语言的消亡现状，从政府政策、教育普及、公众参与、 国际合作四个方面阐述保护濒危语言的具体举措，强调多方合力守护语言多样性。 答案：1.B 2.D 3.A 4.C 5.F 答案解析 1、B 上下文衔接。前文点明大量语言濒临消亡，B选项承接上文，指出语言消亡意味着独特文化的流失，呼应后文保护语言的文化意义。 2、D 段落衔接。后文开始介绍各类保护举措，D选项补充说明语言消亡的隐蔽现状，引出下文保护措施的必要性。 3、A 逻辑衔接。后文介绍学校开设语言课程的教育举措，A选项点明教育普及是核心保护手段，总领该分句内容。 4、C 指代衔接。前文提及老年人是母语传承者，C选项中They指代elderly people，说明老年人向年轻人传承语言经验，逻辑连贯。 5、F 递进衔接。前文介绍国际合作的作用，F选项说明国际合作有助于构建全球语言保护体系，升华段落主旨。 Passage 07（七选五） Language is the bridge of cultural communication. Different countries and nations have different languages, which bring cultural differences and communication barriers. 1____ Mastering different languages helps break down cultural barriers and promote mutual understanding. In cross-cultural communication, language is not only a communication tool, but also a carrier of culture. 2____ When people learn a foreign language, they are actually learning the values, customs and thinking modes behind the language. Proper language communication can eliminate prejudice and misunderstanding between different groups. 3____ For example, bilingual volunteers play an important role in international events, helping people from different countries communicate smoothly and build friendly relations. 4____ With the development of cross-cultural communication, people pay more attention to respectful and inclusive language use. Respecting different languages and cultures has become a basic quality of global citizens. In short, languages connect the world. 5____ They promote cultural integration and make human civilization more diverse and wonderful. A. Language learning is more than word memorization. B. However, languages can also bridge cultural gaps. C. Good language communication builds cross-cultural friendship. D. Cultural differences cause communication difficulties. E. Inclusive language use promotes global cultural exchange. F. Languages make global communication more difficult. G. They bring different civilizations closer to each other. 【导语】 夹叙夹议文，论述语言在跨文化交流中的桥梁作用，阐释语言学习与文化理解的关联， 说明得体的语言交流能够消除文化隔阂、促进文明互通。 答案：1.B 2.A 3.C 4.E 5.G 答案解析 1、B 转折衔接。前文指出语言差异带来交流壁垒，B选项转折过渡，点明语言也能消除文化隔阂，引出全文核心主旨。 2、A 逻辑衔接。后文说明学习语言实则是学习背后的文化内涵，A选项指出语言学习不止是记单词，贴合后文语境。 3、C 例证衔接。后文通过国际活动志愿者的例子，证明语言交流助力跨国友好往来，C选项总领该例证主旨。 4、E 主旨衔接。后文强调语言使用的尊重与包容，E选项点明包容性语言使用推动全球文化交流，契合段落核心。 5、G 递进升华。尾段总结语言的价值，G选项承接前文，说明语言拉近不同文明的距离，呼应全文主旨。 二、完形填空 Cloze 08 Many local dialects in remote areas are gradually fading away with the spread of mainstream languages. Mr. Wang, a retired teacher, has ___1___ a lifelong commitment to protecting his hometown dialect. He believes that dialect is the most ___2___ cultural treasure left by his ancestors, carrying local history and folk customs. When he was young, almost all villagers communicated in the local dialect. But as young people went out to study and work, they gradually ___3___ using the dialect. Most children can only understand the dialect but ___4___ speak it fluently. Facing the ___5___ of the hometown dialect, Mr. Wang decided to do something to save it. He began to teach dialect courses in the village’s primary school voluntarily. Every week, he uses simple and interesting ways to ___6___ dialect vocabulary, nursery rhymes and folk stories to children. At first, some parents ___7___ that dialect learning would affect children’s Mandarin study. But after seeing children inherit traditional culture and understand local customs better, they totally ___8___ Mr. Wang’s efforts. In addition to teaching, Mr. Wang also ___9___ dialect materials. He records the dialogues of elderly villagers, sorts out classic dialect sentences, and compiles a simple dialect textbook. Thanks to his continuous efforts, the hometown dialect has regained vitality. Mr. Wang said that cultural inheritance needs lasting ___10___, and he will stick to dialect protection all his life. 1．A. taken B. made C. kept D. paid 2．A. worthless B. precious C. common D. modern 3．A. stopped B. continued C. enjoyed D. practiced 4．A. mustn’t B. shouldn’t C. can’t D. needn’t 5．A. development B. extinction C. popularity D. progress 6．A. teach B. hide C. borrow D. remove 7．A. hoped B. doubted C. agreed D. forgot 8．A. supported B. ignored C. refused D. abandoned 9．A. buys B. collects C. wastes D. loses 10．A. failure B. luck C. effort D. change 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．A 9．B 10．C 【导语】 记叙文，讲述退休教师王先生坚守方言教学、整理方言资料、守护本土语言文化的故事，展现普通人对语言文化传承的坚守与担当，凸显方言保护的重要意义。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $