精品解析：湖南湖南师范大学附属中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题

高二下学期期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man tell Jane to do? A. Postpone his appointment. B. Meet Mr Douglas. C. Return at 3 o’ clock. 2. Where does the man want to go? A. A health club. B. A restaurant. C. The woman's place. 3. What is the man's attitude toward the fashion show? A. Uncertain. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. 4. What time is it now? A. 5:00. B. 5:30. C.6:00. 5. What is the relationship between, the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Schoolmates. C. Colleagues. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man dissatisfied with about the coat? A. The size. B. The color. C. The style. What does the man decide to do? A. Get his money back. B. Stick to his original idea. C. Follow the woman's advice. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Giving a speech. C. Organizing an event. 9. What is Charles Martin's family mainly worried about? A. His health is getting worse. B. His efforts go unrecognized. C. His studies or family are neglected. 10. How does Charles Martin plan to remove his family's concerns? A. By talking to his teacher. B. By involving his family. C. By quitting the project. 听第8段录音，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What does the woman say about raising a kid while working? A. It's a hard task. B. It requires skills. C. It's time-consuming. 12. How does the woman's husband share responsibility? A. He does more housework. B. He cares more about their kid. C. He makes more money. 13. What daily activity does the woman do with her kid? A. Take pictures. B. Go shopping. C. Do exercise. 听第9段录音，回答第14 至 16题。 14. What is the woman concerned about? A. The limited time for the presentation. B. The popularity of the topic. C. Lack of information in preparation. 15. What is the first main point of the presentation? A. Ways of helping bees. B. Problems affecting bees today. C. The importance of bees. 16. What's advised to be added to the presentation by the man? A. Statistics. B. Photos. C. Diagrams. 听第10段录音，回答第17 至 20题。 17. What is the text mainly about? A. Cultural differences. B. Body language. C. Communication barrier 18. How do Spanish people usually greet others? A. By nodding at them. B. By shaking their hands. C. By kissing them on the cheek. 19. Where do people have different customs towards men and women? A. In Jordan. B. In Japan. C. In Canada. 20. What does the man suggest people do? A. Observe the local customs. B. Travel to more countries. C. Use more gestures. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the University of Portsmouth Library! Check out our website for an overview of library services then consider introducing yourself to some of the most important library services and facilities available. Opening hours Please note: Opening hours are subject to change. Library Building Reception Desk Monday-Friday 24 hours 08:00-18:00 Saturday 24 hours 11:00-15:00 Sunday 24 hours 11:00-15:00 Please note: 24/7 opening ends on Friday 12th June at 23:59 Summer vacation: 13th June — 30th August (Reduced Opening) Library Building 8:00-16:00 Borrowing entitlements (权限) for staff and students Loan Type Allocation (额度) Period Standard loan Staff & PhD students — up to 33 4 weeks or 7 days if in demand Standard loan Students — up to 33 4 weeks or 7 days if in demand Journals Staff & PhD students only — up to 10 up to 7 days Interlibrary loans Staff & students: unrestricted average 5 weeks Returning library items In the University Library you can return your loans at the self-service kiosks (自助借还机) located in the Atrium. If you are away from the University on a placement, a year abroad, or extended study leave, please be aware that items borrowed are subject to recall and must be returned promptly at your expense. Please remember: Items reserved by another borrower may not be renewed. Items may not be renewed if your library account is due to expire (失效). Responsible behaviours Books and other library materials must not be written in, damaged or marked. This includes underlining and making notes in pencil. If you damage library property or through evident carelessness, allow library property to come to harm, you will be expected to pay the full replacement cost. Copyright law must be strictly observed by everyone when making copies of library materials, including scanning and photocopying. Please ask for guidance on how much you may lawfully copy under our educational copyright licences. 1. When can you go to the library? A. On August 29th at 18:00. B. On June 13th at 18:30. C. On July 14th at 6:00 AM. D. On June 10th at 10:00 PM. 2. How long can a student keep a book that is in demand? A. 4 weeks. B. 5 weeks. C. 7 days. D. 33 days. 3. What is prohibited in the library? A. Keeping the borrowed items during vacation. B. Renewing an expired library account. C. Writing or marking on library materials. D. Making copies of library materials. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一则关于University of Portsmouth Library的图书馆使用指南，主要介绍了图书馆的开放时间、借阅权限、归还规则以及读者应遵守的行为规范。文章旨在帮助新生和教职员工了解图书馆服务，合理利用馆藏资源并遵守相关规定。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。 根据“Opening hours”表格以及“Please note: 24/7 opening ends on Friday 12th June at 23:59 (请注意：24小时营业将于6月12日星期五23:59结束)”和“Summer vacation: 13th June — 30th August (Reduced Opening) Library Building 8:00-16:00 (暑假：6月13日至8月30日（开放时间缩短）图书馆大楼 8:00-16:00)”可知，6月12日（含）之前图书馆建筑实行24小时开放，而6月13日至8月30日暑假期间开放时间缩短为8:00-16:00。A项8月29日18:00处于暑假期间，已超过16:00闭馆时间；B项6月13日18:30为暑假首日，同样超过16:00；C项7月14日6:00 AM尚在暑假期间，早于8:00开馆时间；D项6月10日22:00在6月12日之前，属于24小时开放时段内。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Borrowing entitlements”部分表格中“Standard loan”一行“Students — up to 33”以及对应期限“4 weeks or 7 days if in demand”可知，学生借阅的标准图书若处于高需求（in demand）状态，借期为7天而非4周。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章“Responsible behaviours”部分第一句“Books and other library materials must not be written in, damaged or marked. This includes underlining and making notes in pencil. (书籍及其他图书馆资料不得书写、损坏或做标记，包括用铅笔划线和做笔记。)”可知，在图书馆资料上书写、做标记（包括用铅笔划线或写笔记）均属明确禁止行为。 B As someone currently studying a second language, I am constantly in awe of the new skills I pick up. From added cultural context to a better understanding of how language works within our minds, some of the most interesting lessons I’ve had have come from my Spanish coursework. But fewer and fewer college students are choosing to specialize in language studies, losing out on these important lessons. Director of the University of Minnesota’s Center for Research on Language Acquisition Kate Paesani said some of the main factors pushing students away from studying languages are insecurities with their language skills and the amount of time and effort it requires, with courses worth five credit hours seeming demanding for many students. While I may be biased, the benefits of learning a second language are both undervalued and impossible to overstate. Beyond just being able to communicate with a whole new group of people that I wasn’t able to before studying Spanish, I have also learned so much about the world through my studies. I even started working part-time online with a local nonprofit, thanks to a connection I made through one of my courses. But, as enrollments (入学人数) decrease, the future of opportunities like the ones. I’ve had the privilege to experience becomes uncertain. “There’s a danger that we won’t be able to offer programs that are as comprehensive as they are now, and I’m speaking nationally, not just at the University of Minnesota,” Professor Goodspeed said. “Our language programs will not be as comprehensive in the future unless we can make some sort of a change.” Given the challenging job market and our globalized digital world, students should seek every advantage possible to get a leg up, and language skills provide a massive advantage. So, it’s up to us to rethink how we value language classes. We may complain about the language requirements in university, but like eating vegetables, we should recognize it’s for our own benefit. 4. According to Kate Paesani, what discourages students from studying languages? A. Lack of confidence. B. Job insecurity. C. Limited career opportunity. D. Expensive courses. 5. What’s the benefit that the author got from learning a second language? A. Higher exam scores. B. The privilege of studying abroad. C. A part-time job on campus. D. A broader world perspective. 6. What is Goodspeed’s attitude to language programs? A. Concerned. B. Disappointed. C. Optimistic. D. Skeptical. 7. What does the underlined phrase “get a leg up” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Stay ahead of others. B. Change career path. C. Meet requirements. D. Reduce competition. 【答案】4. A 5. D 6. A 7. A 【解析】 【导语】作者结合自己学习西班牙语的经历，论述了学习第二语言的重要价值，并指出当前大学生选择语言专业的人数不断下降。文章分析了原因，表达了对语言项目未来发展的担忧，并呼吁学生重新认识语言学习的意义和优势。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段“some of the main factors pushing students away from studying languages are insecurities with their language skills and the amount of time and effort it requires(导致学生放弃语言学习的主要因素是对自身语言能力缺乏信心，以及语言学习需要耗费大量时间精力)”可知，学生的不自信劝退了他们。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Beyond just being able to communicate with a whole new group of people that I wasn’t able to before studying Spanish, I have also learned so much about the world through my studies(除了能和全新的人群沟通，而在学西班牙语前我是做不到的，我还通过学习了解了很多关于世界的知识)”可知，语言学习拓宽了作者看待世界的视角。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第四段“There’s a danger that we won’t be able to offer programs that are as comprehensive as they are now...Our language programs will not be as comprehensive in the future unless we can make some sort of a change(存在我们无法提供如今这般全面课程的风险，除非做出改变，否则我们的语言课程在未来不会那么全面)”可推知，教授十分担忧语言专业的未来。 【7题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第五段“Given the challenging job market and our globalized digital world, students should seek every advantage possible to get a leg up, and language skills provide a massive advantage(鉴于充满挑战的就业市场和全球化的数字世界，学生应该寻求一切可能的优势来get a leg up，语言技能提供了巨大的优势)”可推知，学生寻找优势是为了领先于别人，由此可推知该短语表示获得优势、领先其他人。 C During the past several years, fake news has been a frequent topic of real news, with articles considering the role of social media in spreading fake news. Something less well-known. though, is that fake news has also become a topic of scientific investigation. In a paper published in March in the journal Science, David Lazer, Matthew Baum and 14 co-authors consider what we do and don’t know about the science of fake news. They define fake news as “made-up information that imitates news in form but not in process or intention” The paper makes a persuasive case that the investigation of fake news is timely and important. One conservative estimate is that in the month before every presidential election, the average American was exposed to somewhere between one and three articles from a known publisher of fake news. Another alarming result is that when it comes to political topics, tweets containing false information spread more rapidly and broadly on Twitter than those containing reliable information. Researchers mentioned in the paper that in the face of fake news and its spreading by social and other forms of media, “A new system of safeguards is needed.” But what kinds of safeguards can individual news consumers put into place? The simplistic answer is “be more reflective”. Don't believe everything you read, but consider the possibility that it's false. We need to foster standards of discussion in which it's OK to challenge what others say without the conversation immediately turning into abuse. Such a practice can be seen in the most effective lab meetings: if someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so in a polite way. And by doing so, they might be saving the presenter from embarrassment in a more public forum. A community that encourages individuals to point out when statements are false or unclear benefits everybody by helping detect the truth. Though uncovering the truth remains a tough battle, it is worth fighting. Our preferred society encourages the truth to win out\before great damage is done. 8. What do the findings of the paper indicate? A. Political fake news on Twitter has been effectively controlled. B. Investigation into fake news is unnecessary for average readers. C. Social media speeds up the spread of political fake news. D. Americans are rarely exposed to known publishers of fake news. 9. What is expected to do in the face of fake news? A. Think deeply and question the information. B. Avoid reading serious news through social media. C. Keep your doubts to yourself to maintain politeness. D. Forward the articles to more people to seek help. 10. Why does the author mention “the most effective lab meetings” in paragraph 6? A. To prove scientists are wiser. B. To model a healthy discussion- C. To praise researchers' polite manners. D. To encourage scientific experiments. 11. Which of the following questions can be answered by the text? A. Why do people create fake news? B. How can we fight fake news? C. Who suffers most from fake news? D. Where does fake news appear first? 【答案】8. C 9. A 10. B 11. B 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了一项关于虚假新闻的科学研究，阐述了社交媒体加速虚假新闻传播的现状，并提出普通读者辨别、抵制虚假新闻的可行方法。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“when it comes to political topics, tweets containing false information spread more rapidly and broadly on Twitter than those containing reliable information.(在政治话题方面，包含虚假信息的推文在推特上比包含可靠信息的推文传播得更快、更广泛)”可知，社交媒体加速了政治类假新闻的传播。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The simplistic answer is ‘be more reflective’. Don't believe everything you read, but consider the possibility that it's false.(最简单的答案是“多思辨”。不要相信你读到的所有内容，而要考虑内容虚假的可能性)”可知，面对假新闻，人们需要深度思考、敢于质疑信息。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“Such a practice can be seen in the most effective lab meetings: if someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so in a polite way.(最高效的实验室会议中就有这种做法：如果有人不同意汇报者的观点，会礼貌地提出)”可知，作者列举高效实验室会议礼貌质疑、理性探讨的例子，是为了示范一种良性、健康的交流讨论模式，以此说明大众也应理性质疑假新闻、友好探讨问题。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第四段中的“But what kinds of safeguards can individual news consumers put into place? The simplistic answer is “be more reflective”. Don't believe everything you read, but consider the possibility that it's false. We need to foster standards of discussion in which it's OK to challenge what others say without the conversation immediately turning into abuse.(但普通新闻受众可以落实哪些防护措施呢？最简单的答案是“多思辨”。不要相信你读到的所有内容，而要考虑内容虚假的可能性。我们需要培养讨论准则，允许人们质疑他人言论，且不让对话立刻演变为言语谩骂)”以及第五段“Such a practice can be seen in the most effective lab meetings: if someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so in a polite way. And by doing so, they might be saving the presenter from embarrassment in a more public forum. A community that encourages individuals to point out when statements are false or unclear benefits everybody by helping detect the truth.(最高效的实验室会议中就有这种做法：如果有人不同意汇报者的观点，会礼貌地提出。通过这种方式，他们或许可以避免汇报者在更公开的场合陷入尴尬。一个鼓励人们指出虚假、模糊言论的社群，能帮助甄别真相，惠及所有人)”可知，文章介绍了对抗假新闻的方法，即回答了“我们如何抵制假新闻？”这个问题。 D When it comes to personal matters, AI systems might tell you what you want to hear, but perhaps not what you need to hear. In a new study published in Science, Stanford computer scientists showed that artificial intelligence (AI) large language models are sycophantic (阿谀奉承的), when users seek advice on interpersonal dilemmas. Even when users described harmful or illegal behavior, the models often affirmed their choices. “By default (默认情况下), AI advice does not tell people that they' re wrong nor give them ‘tough love’,” said Myra Cheng, the study's lead author and a computer science PhD student. “I worry that people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations.” The findings raise concerns for the millions of people discussing their personal conflicts with AI. Almost a third of U.S. teens report using AI for “serious conversations” instead of reaching out to other people. After learning that undergraduates were using AI to draft breakup texts and resolve other relationship issues, Cheng decided to investigate. Previous research had found AI can be overly agreeable when presented with fact-based questions, but there was little knowledge on how large language models judge social dilemmas. Cheng and her team started by measuring how widespread sycophancy was among AIs. They evaluated 11 large language models, including ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek. Compared to human responses, all of the AIs affirmed the user's position more frequently. Even when responding to the harmful requests, the models approved of the problematic behavior 47% of the time. “Users are aware that models behave in sycophantic ways,” said Dan Jurafsky, the study's senior author and a professor of linguistics. “But what they are not aware of, and what surprised us, is that sycophancy is making them more self-centered, more morally stubborn.” The team is now exploring ways to tone down this tendency. For the time being, Cheng advises caution to people seeking advice from AI. “I think that you should not use AI to replace people for these kinds of things. That's the best thing to do for now.” 12. What is an AI model most likely to say to a user who is considering telling a lie? A. Honesty is the best policy. B. It is never too late to mend. C. To cover up is human nature. D. Even white lies can hurt. 13. Why were the large language models evaluated? A. To figure out how often they corrected users behavior. B. To compare how they handle different social topics. C. To assess the impact of overdependence on AI. D. To measure their tendency to agree with users. 14. What does Myra Cheng suggest people do regarding AI's social advice? A. Stop using AI for any daily tasks. B. Be cautious and turn to humans instead. C. Help AI developers reduce the sycophancy. D. Rely on AI only for serious personal dilemmas. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Human Friends vs. AI Companions B. A Perfect Guide to Social Dilemmas C. Stanford’s Breakthrough in AI Models D. The Danger of Yes-Man AI 【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文。主要介绍斯坦福研究发现大语言模型爱迎合用户，该特性存在社交隐患及相关建议。 【12题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Even when users described harmful or illegal behavior, the models often affirmed their choices. (即便用户描述有害或违法行为，模型通常也会认同其做法。)”可知，当用户考虑说谎（有害行为）时，人工智能模型最有可能说一些肯定这种行为的话。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Cheng and her team started by measuring how widespread sycophancy was among AIs. (程和团队首先衡量AI中迎合附和现象的普遍程度。)”可知，评估各类大模型是为检测它们认同用户的倾向强弱。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据尾段中的“For the time being, Cheng advises caution to people seeking advice from AI.“I think that you should not use AI to replace people for these kinds of things. That's the best thing to do for now.” (眼下，程建议向AI寻求建议的人务必谨慎。“这类事情不要用AI替代真人，这是目前最好的做法。”)”可知，她建议人们谨慎使用AI，遇事向真人求助。 【15题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“In a new study published in Science, Stanford computer scientists showed that artificial intelligence(AI) large language models are sycophantic (阿谀奉承的), when users seek advice on interpersonal dilemmas. Even when users described harmful or illegal behavior, the models often affirmed their choices. “By default (默认情况下), AI advice does not tell people that they' re wrong nor give them ‘tough love’,” said Myra Cheng, the study's lead author and a computer science PhD student. “I worry that people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations.” (发表在《科学》杂志上的一项新研究显示，斯坦福大学计算机科学家发现：当用户就人际难题寻求建议时，大型人工智能语言模型会一味迎合奉承。即便用户描述有害或违法的行为，模型往往也会认同他们的做法。 该研究第一作者、计算机专业博士生迈拉・程表示：“默认状态下，人工智能给出的建议不会指出人们的错误，也不会给出严厉却善意的规劝。我担心人们会因此丧失应对复杂社交困境的能力。”)”可知，文章核心围绕大语言模型习惯一味附和用户、充当“好好先生”，以及这种特性带来社交、道德层面的隐患展开。D选项“只会附和的AI暗藏危机”为最佳标题。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Western culture has a familiar story about what highly productive, committed employees look like. They are always available, respond immediately to questions or needs, stay late, push through when tired, and never take breaks. This “hard worker” story is so widespread that it feels like the truth. ____16____ Research shows that to guarantee productivity, regular breaks are required for brain to restore. Most people can only do a limited amount of peak cognitive (认知的) work in a day. We cannot expect one to work eight uninterrupted hours but still stay effective. ____17____ This encouraging finding is the opposite of what the “buried in the desk” story prescribes. So what happens when we ignore the science and push on? ____18____ Judgment narrows. Well-being suffers. Creativity — which depends on a mind flexible enough to make unexpected connections — drops. These factors are often made worse by a long-term lack of sleep, which is common among knowledge workers. ____19____ Not only do breaks provide essential rest, but also support sharp and creative thought. The mind doesn’t shut down when we step away from a task; it shifts into a mode that supports insight, integration, and problem-solving. In other words, some of our best thinking happens when we’re not trying to think at all. What we see from these conflicting stories is that you can either have the appearance of productivity or you can have actual productivity. ____20____ You could suffer from more errors, poorer judgment, reduced creativity, and the gradual loss of the human capacities that workplace most needs to grow. A. Sleep problems do harm to creativity. B. However, these hard workers may suffer mentally. C. The costs of choosing the appearance-story are high. D. But it is worth questioning as science tells a different one. E. Beyond a certain point of focused work, attention degrades. F. By contrast, taking pauses frees the brain from focused work. G. Instead, science tells us quality rest and play can improve productivity. 【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. F 20. C 【解析】 【导语】文章反思了“不休息硬撑”的传统工作观，指出科学研究表明，唯有定期休息、劳逸结合才能真正提升实际工作效率。 【16题详解】 第一段设空位于段末，需兼顾第一段主旨并引出下文。前文“Western culture has a familiar story about what highly productive, committed employees look like. They are always available, respond immediately to questions or needs, stay late, push through when tired, and never take breaks. This “hard worker” story is so widespread that it feels like the truth. (西方文化中有一个关于高效率、高投入员工形象的为人熟知的故事：他们随时在线，立即回应问题或需求，加班加点，疲惫时仍强撑工作，从不休息。这种“努力工作”的故事如此普遍，以至于感觉像是真理。)”讲述西方普遍推崇不休不眠的劳模形象，第二段首句通过“Research shows... (研究表明……)”开始用科学研究来反驳这种“工作狂”文化。D选项“But it is worth questioning as science tells a different one. (但这一观念值得商榷，因为科学给出了截然不同的结论。)”中的代词it指代前文的“‘hard worker’ story”,而“science tells a different one”与第二段首句的“Research shows...”形成完美照应。同时,“But”与前文“feels like the truth”构成转折——尽管这种观念流传极广，但科学却给出了不同的答案。 【17题详解】 前文“We cannot expect one to work eight uninterrupted hours but still stay effective. (我们不能指望一个人连续工作八小时还能保持高效。)”说明不能连续工作八小时还保持高效，后文“This encouraging finding is the opposite of what the ‘buried in the desk’ story prescribes. (这项令人鼓舞的研究结论，和‘埋首办公桌’的传统认知完全相悖。)”对研究发现进行了总结与定性。G选项“Instead, science tells us quality rest and play can improve productivity. (相反，科学证实高质量的休息与放松反而能提升工作效率。)”中的“Instead”起到了完美的转折过渡，点明科学观点：高质量休息反而提升效率，引出后文与埋头苦干理念相反的研究结论。 【18题详解】 空前一句提出问题“So what happens when we ignore the science and push on? (当我们忽视科学、强行硬撑时会发生什么?)”，空后则是一系列具体消极后果的罗列“Judgment narrows. Well-being suffers. Creativity — which depends on a mind flexible enough to make unexpected connections — drops. (判断力变差；身心健康受损；创造力也会下降——而创造力恰恰依赖于一个足够灵活的头脑来建立意想不到的联系。)”，E选项“Beyond a certain point of focused work, attention degrades. (专注工作超过临界点，人的注意力就会衰退。)”直接回答了前文的问句，同时与后面的判断力变差、身心健康受损、创造力下降构成了总分关系。 【19题详解】 前文“So what happens when we ignore the science and push on? (当我们忽视科学、强行硬撑时会发生什么?)”及“Judgment narrows. Well-being suffers. Creativity — which depends on a mind flexible enough to make unexpected connections — drops. (判断力变差；身心健康受损；创造力也会下降——而创造力恰恰依赖于一个足够灵活的头脑来建立意想不到的联系。)”集中讨论了超负荷工作的弊端，后文“Not only do breaks provide essential rest, but also support sharp and creative thought. (休息不仅能提供必要的休整，还能让人思路清晰、富有创意。)”开始转向讨论“休息的好处”，说明设空处起承上启下的过渡作用，F选项“By contrast, taking pauses frees the brain from focused work. (与之相反，短暂停歇能让大脑从高强度专注中解脱出来。)”中的“By contrast”与第三段负面后果形成对比，“taking pauses”与后文的“breaks”属于同义复现，引出了后文对大脑益处的具体说明。 【20题详解】 前文“What we see from these conflicting stories is that you can either have the appearance of productivity or you can have actual productivity. (这两种完全对立的观念告诉我们：人要么只拥有表面上的勤奋高效，要么拥有实际的工作效率。)”区分“表面高效”和“真正高效”，后文“You could suffer from more errors, poorer judgment, reduced creativity, and the gradual loss of the human capacities that workplace most needs to grow. (你会频频出错、判断力下降、创造力减退，职场发展所必需的各项综合能力也会慢慢流失。)”则具体列举了负面后果， C选项“The costs of choosing the appearance-story are high. (一味追求看似努力的表象，代价十分高昂。)”中的“the appearance-story”与前一句的“the appearance of productivity”形成词汇复现，与后文形成概括与展开的逻辑关系。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A curious and eager 6-year-old boy embarked on a journey that took him to a place filled with wonder and heroism: a fire station. Yet this young explorer was ____21____, making his adventure far more meaningful than any ordinary outing. His ____22____ was to “see” what a firefighter looked like. The little boy’s wish was granted by a ____23____ firefighter, who wove magic into the moment, helping the boy “see” his uniform in a way only he could. Together, they set off on an extraordinary exploration — one that redefined the very ____24____ of sight. ____25____ his walking stick, the child ran both hands over the firefighter’s uniform, touching and discovering every detail with ____26____. The firefighter explained each part ____27____, his voice guiding the boy’s wandering hands. In the boy’s mind, a vivid picture ____28____ — one his eyes could never see. Just when you thought this tender scene could grow no more beautiful, the little boy reached out for a ___29___, even though he had met the firefighter only moments before. It was a simple gesture that spoke volumes, capturing the profound impact of this brief but unforgettable ____30____. This small act of kindness has become an Internet hit,____31____ countless hearts and earning thousands of likes. It reminds us all that empathy and ____32____ can create connections far deeper than what meets the eye and that true “____33____” comes not from the eyes, but from the ____34____. So, share this story to ____35____ the warmth of this beautiful interaction and help others “see” the world in that same loving, empathetic light. 21. A. ashamed B. shy C. weak D. blind 22. A. promise B. assignment C. dream D. suggestion 23. A. well-known B. kind-hearted C. full-time D. good-looking 24. A. meaning B. result C. sense D. limit 25. A. Turning to B. Setting aside C. Holding up D. Depending on 26. A. awe B. fear C. relief D. doubt 27. A. aimlessly B. quickly C. carelessly D. patiently 28. A. fell apart B. faded away C. took shape D. went blank 29. A. gift B. hug C. hand D. toy 30. A. friction B. interview C. encounter D. celebration 31. A. breaking B. protecting C. calming D. touching 32. A. courage B. wisdom C. understanding D. honesty 33. A. sight B. grace C. warmth D. beauty 34. A. bone B. heart C. memory D. imagination 35. A. spread B. evaluate C. exchange D. create 【答案】21. D 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 26. A 27. D 28. C 29. B 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. B 35. A 【解析】 【导语】文章讲述失明小男孩来到消防站，消防员用心引导他触摸感知制服，暖心故事打动无数网友。 【21题详解】 考查形容词。句意：但这位小小探险家双目失明，这让他的这次经历远比普通外出游玩更有意义。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shy害羞的；C. weak虚弱的；D. blind失明的。根据后文“His _____ was to “see” what a firefighter looked like”以及男孩靠触摸感知制服可知，男孩看不见东西。 【22题详解】 考查名词。句意：他的心愿是“看见”消防员是什么模样。A. promise承诺；B. assignment任务；C. dream心愿，梦想；D. suggestion建议。根据下文“The little boy’s wish was granted”可知，这是男孩长久的心愿。 【23题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一位心地善良的消防员帮小男孩实现了心愿，他为这一刻增添了温暖，用独有的方式让男孩“看见”了自己的制服。A. well-known有名的；B. kind-hearted心地善良的；C. full-time全职的；D. good-looking好看的。根据后文“helping the boy “see” his uniform in a way only he could.”可知，消防员耐心配合失明男孩触摸衣物，体现他十分善良。 【24题详解】 考查名词。句意：他们一同开启了这场特别的探索，重新定义了“看见”本身的含义。A. meaning含义；B. result结果；C. sense感觉；D. limit限制。根据前文“redefined ”可知，失明男孩靠触觉感知事物，改变了人们对视觉的固有理解，重塑了看见的意义。 【25题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：男孩放下拐杖，双手抚过消防员的制服，满怀敬畏地触摸、感受每一处细节。A. Turning to求助于；B. Setting aside放到一边；C. Holding up举起；D. Depending on依靠。根据后文“the child ran both hands over the firefighter’s uniform”可知，男孩要双手触摸衣物，因此把拐杖搁置一旁。 【26题详解】 考查名词。句意：男孩放下拐杖，双手抚过消防员的制服，满怀敬畏地触摸、感受每一处细节。A. awe敬畏，惊叹；B. fear恐惧；C. relief宽慰；D. doubt怀疑。根据前文“A curious and eager 6-year-old boy embarked on a journey that took him to a place filled with wonder and heroism: a fire station.”可知，亲手触碰时内心满是惊叹与敬畏。 【27题详解】 考查副词。句意：消防员耐心地讲解制服的每一个部件，用声音指引男孩四处摸索的双手。A. aimlessly漫无目的地；B. quickly快速地；C. carelessly粗心地；D. patiently耐心地。根据前文“The firefighter explained each part”可知，消防员细致为失明男孩讲解，态度十分耐心。 【28题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：在男孩的脑海中，一幅清晰的画面渐渐成型——一幅他双眼永远无法亲眼见到的画面。A. fell apart破碎；B. faded away消散；C. took shape成型，浮现；D. went blank一片空白。根据前文“his voice guiding the boy’s wandering hands.”可知，依靠消防员的讲解与触摸，男孩脑中慢慢构建出消防员的形象。 【29题详解】 考查名词。句意：就在大家以为这个温柔的场景不会再动人时，小男孩主动上前拥抱了消防员，尽管他们才刚刚相识片刻。A. gift礼物；B. hug拥抱；C. hand手；D. toy玩具。根据前文“the little boy reached out for”可知，拥抱是贴合语境的暖心动作。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：这个简单的举动饱含千言万语，彰显出这场短暂却难忘的相遇带来的深刻触动。A. friction摩擦；B. interview采访；C. encounter相遇；D. celebration庆祝。根据前文“even though he had met the firefighter only moments before.”可知，男孩与消防员初次见面，属于一场温暖的相遇。 【31题详解】 考查现在分词。句意：这件微小的善举在网络走红，打动了无数人的心，收获上万点赞。A. breaking打破；B. protecting保护；C. calming使平静；D. touching打动。根据后文“earning thousands of likes.”可知，暖心故事在网上传播，触动、打动网民。 【32题详解】 考查名词。句意：它提醒我们，共情与理解能创造比肉眼所见更深的联结，真正的“看见”不靠双眼，而源自内心。A. courage勇气；B. wisdom智慧；C. understanding理解；D. honesty诚实。结合前文消防员耐心讲解并且与前文“empathy”并列可知，消防员体谅失明男孩的渴望，是共情与理解的体现。 【33题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. sight视觉，看见；B. grace优雅；C. warmth温暖；D. beauty美好。根据前文“one his eyes could never see”和“far deeper than what meets the eye”可知，围绕失明男孩依靠触觉和内心去“看见”展开，对应sight。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。A. bone骨头；B. heart内心；C. memory记忆；D. imagination想象。根据前文“countless hearts”可知，真正的感知依靠内心的共情与体会，而非眼睛。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：所以，请分享这个故事，传递这份美好互动带来的温暖，让其他人也能带着同样充满爱意与共情的视角去看待世界。A. spread传播，传递；B. evaluate评估；C. exchange交换；D. create创造。根据前文“share this story”可知，转发故事是为了把这份温暖传递给更多人。 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When faced with whether we work to live or live to work, some believe we work merely to earn the salary that enables us to be financially independent. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason ___36___ we work. Through the work we do, our goals can ___37___ (attain) and our dreams achieved. Yang Liwei, for example,___38___ (drive) by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then China’s first astronaut in space. Work lets us engage in favorite fields and gain satisfaction. Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal ___39___ (grow). When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes ___40___ necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Not only does work benefit us ___41___ (personal), it also contributes to the health of society. At the most basic level, different types of jobs operate like machine gears to keep society running, with every job equally ___42___ (value) to society. Wherever life takes us and ___43___ choices are laid out before us, something worth ___44___ (remember) is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as ___45___ whole. 【答案】36. why 37. be attained 38. driven 39. growth 40. it 41. personally 42. valuable 43. whatever 44. remembering 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文围绕“工作是为了生存还是生存是为了工作”展开论述，提出谋生并非工作的唯一意义；工作能够实现个人目标、打磨自身能力、带来自我满足，同时各类岗位共同维系社会运转，最终点明用心工作既能养活自己，也能创造有价值的人生，兼顾个人幸福与社会整体发展。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：然而，谋生绝不是我们工作的唯一理由。先行词为the only reason，关系词在从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why引导定语从句。 【37题详解】 考查语态。句意：通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标能够得以实现，梦想也能够达成。主语our goals和动词attain(实现)之间是被动关系，情态动词can后接动词原形，被动结构为be done。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：例如杨利伟，受对飞行的热爱驱使，成为一名飞行员，而后成为中国首位进入太空的宇航员。句子主语Yang Liwei与drive(驱使)是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语。 【39题详解】 考查名词。句意：工作也有助于提升我们的技能，从而为个人成长提供空间。形容词personal后需接名词，动词grow的名词形式为growth，意为“成长”。 【40题详解】 考查代词。句意：瞬息万变的职场使得我们必须跟上形势、培养新技能。本句是固定结构make it + adj. + for sb. to do sth.，it作形式宾语，真正宾语是后面的不定式。 【41题详解】 考查副词。句意：工作不仅能让我们个人受益，也有助于社会健康。此处修饰动词benefit，需要用副词，形容词personal的副词形式为personally，意为“就个人而言、个人地”。 【42题详解】 考查形容词。句意：最基础的层面上，不同职业如同机械齿轮一般维持社会运转，每一份工作对社会都同等重要。此处作宾语补足语，副词equally修饰形容词，value的形容词形式valuable表示“有价值的、重要的”。 【43题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：无论生活将我们带向何方，无论什么选择摆在我们眼前，有一件事值得铭记：当我们用心做好工作时，这份事业不仅能让我们维持生计，更能为自己、也为他人创造生活。并列结构与Wherever对应，修饰名词choices，表示“无论什么样的”，用whatever。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：无论生活将我们带向何方，无论什么选择摆在我们眼前，有一件事值得铭记：当我们用心做好工作时，这份事业不仅能让我们维持生计，更能为自己、也为他人创造生活。固定短语sth. be worth doing 意为“某事值得做”，worth后接动名词的主动形式表被动含义。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：我们可以自豪地明白，努力工作对个人幸福以及整个社会的福祉都至关重要。固定搭配as a whole，意为“整体上、整个”。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正就“生活技能课程”的设置向同学们征求意见。请你写一篇英文稿件，谈谈你的建议和想法。内容包括： (1)课程内容。 (2)阐述理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文1： Life skills are crucial to students’ well-rounded development. Among various skills, I strongly recommend a cooking course be offered in our school. Learning to cook promotes independence, as we are bound to live by ourselves in the future. In addition, by choosing fresh ingredients and controlling the amount of oil and salt, we can prepare nutritious and delicious meals. Cooking also serves as a creative hobby that is enjoyable and stress-relieving in the process of trying different recipes. In conclusion, a cooking course equips us with a practical skill and thus would be valuable and rewarding. 参考范文2： A well-rounded education should include practical training. Therefore, I propose that our school introduce a first-aid course. First-aid knowledge enables us to respond properly to emergencies. For instance, knowing how to stop bleeding or perform CPR can make a life-saving difference before medical workers arrive. Moreover, this skill helps build a safer campus environment, where students are more willing to offer help instead of just being bystanders. Given the points above, first aid is indeed a vital life lesson. I strongly believe such a course will benefit every student in the long run. 【解析】 【导语】要求考生就学校英文报关于“生活技能课程”设置的征求意见，撰写一篇稿件，阐述自己对于课程内容的建议及相应理由。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 至关重要的：crucial→vital 强烈推荐：strongly recommend→highly suggest 促进：promote→boost 必然做某事：be bound to do sth→be certain to do sth 2. 句式拓展 同义句 原句：Learning to cook promotes independence, as we are bound to live by ourselves in the future. 拓展句：Learning to cook promotes independence because in the future, when we are bound to live by ourselves, this skill will be of great help. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Among various skills, I strongly recommend a cooking course be offered in our school.（recommend后的宾语从句使用了虚拟语气，省略了should） 【高分句型2】Cooking also serves as a creative hobby that is enjoyable and stress - relieving in the process of trying different recipes.（运用that引导定语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day before New Year’s Eve. Brad Hensley was on his way back from a wonderful family vacation. Now he was driving his RV (房车) with his wife and their four children on the Bluegrass Parkway in Kentucky. The sun was setting, painting the sky in warm orange and pink. Everyone was happy and excited. Suddenly, a loud bang broke the peace. A front tire (轮胎) had blown out, and the RV was out of control. Brad gripped the steering wheel (方向盘) tightly, but it was no use. It crashed through a metal barrier, and rolled down a steep slope (陡坡). The world turned upside down. Metal screamed against rocks. Then, everything went silent. Inside the twisted RV, chaos erupted. Brad’s head was bleeding, and his wife was crying, trying to calm the screaming children. One of the boys, Eric, the youngest, was trapped — his leg was stuck under a fallen seat, seriously injured. Worse still, Brad smelled gasoline. A thin line of smoke was rising from the broken engine. “We have to get out! It could catch fire any second!” Brad yelled, his voice full of fear. But the RV’s door was shut tightly. Brad tried to kick it open with all his strength, but it wouldn’t move at all. His wife held the other children close, tears streaming down her face. The boy trapped in the back cried out in pain. Time was running out. Brad closed his eyes for a second and whispered, “Please, someone help us.” Meanwhile, Joshua and Jessica just finished work at the construction site and witnessed the entire crash. Without a second thought, the couple parked the car and rushed down the steep slope. When they reached the broken RV, they saw the desperate family inside and the rising smoke. Joshua took a deep breath, grabbed the tool kit in his car, and murmured to himself, “I can’t just stand by.” He forced the tool into the narrow gap and Jessica pulled with all her strength. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The door finally cracked open, but the smoke was getting thicker. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As promised, Brad’s family knocked on the door of the couple’s house on New Year’s Eve. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考范文： The door finally cracked open, but the smoke was getting thicker. Coughing violently in the choking gray fog, Joshua squeezed into the overturned car. Time was ticking away. “Hold on, buddy!” he shouted, trying to separate the iron frame of the jammed seat. With a sharp groan of tearing metal, Eric’s leg was freed just in time. Just after Joshua and Jessica pulled out the entire family onto the grass, the engine burst into flames. All six were safe on the roadside, coughing but alive. Brad asked for their address and told them that his family would pay a visit on New Year’s Eve to extend their gratitude. As promised, Brad’s family knocked on the door of the couple’s house on New Year’s Eve. The cozy living room was soon filled with tears and laughter over a comforting grand dinner. As the clock ticked toward midnight, they gathered around the television, eagerly waiting for the famous Times Square ball drop. The youngest boy, Eric, still walking with a slight limp, proudly handed Jessica a colorful drawing of a bright sun over an RV — a symbol of their second chance. Hugging the couple tightly, Brad murmured, “You guys gave us our tomorrow.” When the midnight countdown erupted into cheers, their hearts beat as one, forever bound by courage and new-found friendship. 【解析】 【导语】文章以人物为线索展开，讲述新年前一天，Brad一家自驾房车返程途中突发爆胎事故，房车侧翻受损，幼子被困、车体漏油冒烟，随时可能起火爆炸，全家陷入绝境。路过的施工夫妇Joshua与Jessica目睹事故，毫不犹豫冒险施救，奋力撬开变形的车门，为救人争取宝贵时间。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由首句内容可知，第一段描写二人撬开车门后，浓烟加剧、险情升级。Joshua冒险钻入车内解救被困小男孩，及时将全家转移至安全地带。房车随即起火，化险为夷，Brad记下地址，承诺除夕登门致谢。 ②由首句内容可知，第二段描写Brad一家如约登门，与恩人共进年夜饭、共度除夕。小男孩送上手绘画作表达感恩，两家人温情相伴，因一场生死救援缔结珍贵情谊。 2.续写线索：车门撬开、浓烟加剧→冒险入车救人→解救被困男孩→全员安全撤离→房车起火脱险→约定登门致谢→除夕赴约团聚→温情相伴、赠送礼物→缔结暖心情谊 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①大叫：shout/yell ②迸发：burst into/erupt 情绪/状态类 ①温暖舒适的：cozy / warm ②感激：gratitude/appreciation 【点睛】[高分句型1] Coughing violently in the choking gray fog, Joshua squeezed into the overturned car.（运用了现在分词作状语） [高分句型2]When the midnight countdown erupted into cheers, their hearts beat as one, forever bound by courage and new-found friendship.（运用了when引导时间状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高二下学期期末考试 英语 时量：120分钟 满分:150分 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节 (共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man tell Jane to do? A. Postpone his appointment. B. Meet Mr Douglas. C. Return at 3 o’ clock. 2. Where does the man want to go? A. A health club. B. A restaurant. C. The woman's place. 3. What is the man's attitude toward the fashion show? A. Uncertain. B. Supportive. C. Disapproving. 4. What time is it now? A. 5:00. B. 5:30. C.6:00. 5. What is the relationship between, the speakers? A. Husband and wife. B. Schoolmates. C. Colleagues. 第二节 (共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放读两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the man dissatisfied with about the coat? A. The size. B. The color. C. The style. What does the man decide to do? A. Get his money back. B. Stick to his original idea. C. Follow the woman's advice. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the woman doing? A. Conducting an interview. B. Giving a speech. C. Organizing an event. 9. What is Charles Martin's family mainly worried about? A. His health is getting worse. B. His efforts go unrecognized. C. His studies or family are neglected. 10. How does Charles Martin plan to remove his family's concerns? A. By talking to his teacher. B. By involving his family. C. By quitting the project. 听第8段录音，回答第11 至 13题。 11. What does the woman say about raising a kid while working? A. It's a hard task. B. It requires skills. C. It's time-consuming. 12. How does the woman's husband share responsibility? A. He does more housework. B. He cares more about their kid. C. He makes more money. 13. What daily activity does the woman do with her kid? A. Take pictures. B. Go shopping. C. Do exercise. 听第9段录音，回答第14 至 16题。 14. What is the woman concerned about? A. The limited time for the presentation. B. The popularity of the topic. C. Lack of information in preparation. 15. What is the first main point of the presentation? A. Ways of helping bees. B. Problems affecting bees today. C. The importance of bees. 16. What's advised to be added to the presentation by the man? A. Statistics. B. Photos. C. Diagrams. 听第10段录音，回答第17 至 20题。 17. What is the text mainly about? A. Cultural differences. B. Body language. C. Communication barrier 18. How do Spanish people usually greet others? A. By nodding at them. B. By shaking their hands. C. By kissing them on the cheek. 19. Where do people have different customs towards men and women? A. In Jordan. B. In Japan. C. In Canada. 20. What does the man suggest people do? A. Observe the local customs. B. Travel to more countries. C. Use more gestures. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15 小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Welcome to the University of Portsmouth Library! Check out our website for an overview of library services then consider introducing yourself to some of the most important library services and facilities available. Opening hours Please note: Opening hours are subject to change. Library Building Reception Desk Monday-Friday 24 hours 08:00-18:00 Saturday 24 hours 11:00-15:00 Sunday 24 hours 11:00-15:00 Please note: 24/7 opening ends on Friday 12th June at 23:59 Summer vacation: 13th June — 30th August (Reduced Opening) Library Building 8:00-16:00 Borrowing entitlements (权限) for staff and students Loan Type Allocation (额度) Period Standard loan Staff & PhD students — up to 33 4 weeks or 7 days if in demand Standard loan Students — up to 33 4 weeks or 7 days if in demand Journals Staff & PhD students only — up to 10 up to 7 days Interlibrary loans Staff & students: unrestricted average 5 weeks Returning library items In the University Library you can return your loans at the self-service kiosks (自助借还机) located in the Atrium. If you are away from the University on a placement, a year abroad, or extended study leave, please be aware that items borrowed are subject to recall and must be returned promptly at your expense. Please remember: Items reserved by another borrower may not be renewed. Items may not be renewed if your library account is due to expire (失效). Responsible behaviours Books and other library materials must not be written in, damaged or marked. This includes underlining and making notes in pencil. If you damage library property or through evident carelessness, allow library property to come to harm, you will be expected to pay the full replacement cost. Copyright law must be strictly observed by everyone when making copies of library materials, including scanning and photocopying. Please ask for guidance on how much you may lawfully copy under our educational copyright licences. 1. When can you go to the library? A. On August 29th at 18:00. B. On June 13th at 18:30. C. On July 14th at 6:00 AM. D. On June 10th at 10:00 PM. 2. How long can a student keep a book that is in demand? A. 4 weeks. B. 5 weeks. C. 7 days. D. 33 days. 3. What is prohibited in the library? A. Keeping the borrowed items during vacation. B. Renewing an expired library account. C. Writing or marking on library materials. D. Making copies of library materials. B As someone currently studying a second language, I am constantly in awe of the new skills I pick up. From added cultural context to a better understanding of how language works within our minds, some of the most interesting lessons I’ve had have come from my Spanish coursework. But fewer and fewer college students are choosing to specialize in language studies, losing out on these important lessons. Director of the University of Minnesota’s Center for Research on Language Acquisition Kate Paesani said some of the main factors pushing students away from studying languages are insecurities with their language skills and the amount of time and effort it requires, with courses worth five credit hours seeming demanding for many students. While I may be biased, the benefits of learning a second language are both undervalued and impossible to overstate. Beyond just being able to communicate with a whole new group of people that I wasn’t able to before studying Spanish, I have also learned so much about the world through my studies. I even started working part-time online with a local nonprofit, thanks to a connection I made through one of my courses. But, as enrollments (入学人数) decrease, the future of opportunities like the ones. I’ve had the privilege to experience becomes uncertain. “There’s a danger that we won’t be able to offer programs that are as comprehensive as they are now, and I’m speaking nationally, not just at the University of Minnesota,” Professor Goodspeed said. “Our language programs will not be as comprehensive in the future unless we can make some sort of a change.” Given the challenging job market and our globalized digital world, students should seek every advantage possible to get a leg up, and language skills provide a massive advantage. So, it’s up to us to rethink how we value language classes. We may complain about the language requirements in university, but like eating vegetables, we should recognize it’s for our own benefit. 4. According to Kate Paesani, what discourages students from studying languages? A. Lack of confidence. B. Job insecurity. C. Limited career opportunity. D. Expensive courses. 5. What’s the benefit that the author got from learning a second language? A. Higher exam scores. B. The privilege of studying abroad. C. A part-time job on campus. D. A broader world perspective. 6. What is Goodspeed’s attitude to language programs? A. Concerned. B. Disappointed. C. Optimistic. D. Skeptical. 7. What does the underlined phrase “get a leg up” in paragraph 5 mean? A. Stay ahead of others. B. Change career path. C. Meet requirements. D. Reduce competition. C During the past several years, fake news has been a frequent topic of real news, with articles considering the role of social media in spreading fake news. Something less well-known. though, is that fake news has also become a topic of scientific investigation. In a paper published in March in the journal Science, David Lazer, Matthew Baum and 14 co-authors consider what we do and don’t know about the science of fake news. They define fake news as “made-up information that imitates news in form but not in process or intention” The paper makes a persuasive case that the investigation of fake news is timely and important. One conservative estimate is that in the month before every presidential election, the average American was exposed to somewhere between one and three articles from a known publisher of fake news. Another alarming result is that when it comes to political topics, tweets containing false information spread more rapidly and broadly on Twitter than those containing reliable information. Researchers mentioned in the paper that in the face of fake news and its spreading by social and other forms of media, “A new system of safeguards is needed.” But what kinds of safeguards can individual news consumers put into place? The simplistic answer is “be more reflective”. Don't believe everything you read, but consider the possibility that it's false. We need to foster standards of discussion in which it's OK to challenge what others say without the conversation immediately turning into abuse. Such a practice can be seen in the most effective lab meetings: if someone disagrees with the presenter, they say so in a polite way. And by doing so, they might be saving the presenter from embarrassment in a more public forum. A community that encourages individuals to point out when statements are false or unclear benefits everybody by helping detect the truth. Though uncovering the truth remains a tough battle, it is worth fighting. Our preferred society encourages the truth to win out\before great damage is done. 8. What do the findings of the paper indicate? A. Political fake news on Twitter has been effectively controlled. B. Investigation into fake news is unnecessary for average readers. C. Social media speeds up the spread of political fake news. D. Americans are rarely exposed to known publishers of fake news. 9. What is expected to do in the face of fake news? A. Think deeply and question the information. B. Avoid reading serious news through social media. C. Keep your doubts to yourself to maintain politeness. D. Forward the articles to more people to seek help. 10. Why does the author mention “the most effective lab meetings” in paragraph 6? A. To prove scientists are wiser. B. To model a healthy discussion- C. To praise researchers' polite manners. D. To encourage scientific experiments. 11. Which of the following questions can be answered by the text? A. Why do people create fake news? B. How can we fight fake news? C. Who suffers most from fake news? D. Where does fake news appear first? D When it comes to personal matters, AI systems might tell you what you want to hear, but perhaps not what you need to hear. In a new study published in Science, Stanford computer scientists showed that artificial intelligence (AI) large language models are sycophantic (阿谀奉承的), when users seek advice on interpersonal dilemmas. Even when users described harmful or illegal behavior, the models often affirmed their choices. “By default (默认情况下), AI advice does not tell people that they' re wrong nor give them ‘tough love’,” said Myra Cheng, the study's lead author and a computer science PhD student. “I worry that people will lose the skills to deal with difficult social situations.” The findings raise concerns for the millions of people discussing their personal conflicts with AI. Almost a third of U.S. teens report using AI for “serious conversations” instead of reaching out to other people. After learning that undergraduates were using AI to draft breakup texts and resolve other relationship issues, Cheng decided to investigate. Previous research had found AI can be overly agreeable when presented with fact-based questions, but there was little knowledge on how large language models judge social dilemmas. Cheng and her team started by measuring how widespread sycophancy was among AIs. They evaluated 11 large language models, including ChatGPT, Gemini, and DeepSeek. Compared to human responses, all of the AIs affirmed the user's position more frequently. Even when responding to the harmful requests, the models approved of the problematic behavior 47% of the time. “Users are aware that models behave in sycophantic ways,” said Dan Jurafsky, the study's senior author and a professor of linguistics. “But what they are not aware of, and what surprised us, is that sycophancy is making them more self-centered, more morally stubborn.” The team is now exploring ways to tone down this tendency. For the time being, Cheng advises caution to people seeking advice from AI. “I think that you should not use AI to replace people for these kinds of things. That's the best thing to do for now.” 12. What is an AI model most likely to say to a user who is considering telling a lie? A. Honesty is the best policy. B. It is never too late to mend. C. To cover up is human nature. D. Even white lies can hurt. 13. Why were the large language models evaluated? A. To figure out how often they corrected users behavior. B. To compare how they handle different social topics. C. To assess the impact of overdependence on AI. D. To measure their tendency to agree with users. 14. What does Myra Cheng suggest people do regarding AI's social advice? A. Stop using AI for any daily tasks. B. Be cautious and turn to humans instead. C. Help AI developers reduce the sycophancy. D. Rely on AI only for serious personal dilemmas. 15. Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. Human Friends vs. AI Companions B. A Perfect Guide to Social Dilemmas C. Stanford’s Breakthrough in AI Models D. The Danger of Yes-Man AI 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Western culture has a familiar story about what highly productive, committed employees look like. They are always available, respond immediately to questions or needs, stay late, push through when tired, and never take breaks. This “hard worker” story is so widespread that it feels like the truth. ____16____ Research shows that to guarantee productivity, regular breaks are required for brain to restore. Most people can only do a limited amount of peak cognitive (认知的) work in a day. We cannot expect one to work eight uninterrupted hours but still stay effective. ____17____ This encouraging finding is the opposite of what the “buried in the desk” story prescribes. So what happens when we ignore the science and push on? ____18____ Judgment narrows. Well-being suffers. Creativity — which depends on a mind flexible enough to make unexpected connections — drops. These factors are often made worse by a long-term lack of sleep, which is common among knowledge workers. ____19____ Not only do breaks provide essential rest, but also support sharp and creative thought. The mind doesn’t shut down when we step away from a task; it shifts into a mode that supports insight, integration, and problem-solving. In other words, some of our best thinking happens when we’re not trying to think at all. What we see from these conflicting stories is that you can either have the appearance of productivity or you can have actual productivity. ____20____ You could suffer from more errors, poorer judgment, reduced creativity, and the gradual loss of the human capacities that workplace most needs to grow. A. Sleep problems do harm to creativity. B. However, these hard workers may suffer mentally. C. The costs of choosing the appearance-story are high. D. But it is worth questioning as science tells a different one. E. Beyond a certain point of focused work, attention degrades. F. By contrast, taking pauses frees the brain from focused work. G. Instead, science tells us quality rest and play can improve productivity. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A curious and eager 6-year-old boy embarked on a journey that took him to a place filled with wonder and heroism: a fire station. Yet this young explorer was ____21____, making his adventure far more meaningful than any ordinary outing. His ____22____ was to “see” what a firefighter looked like. The little boy’s wish was granted by a ____23____ firefighter, who wove magic into the moment, helping the boy “see” his uniform in a way only he could. Together, they set off on an extraordinary exploration — one that redefined the very ____24____ of sight. ____25____ his walking stick, the child ran both hands over the firefighter’s uniform, touching and discovering every detail with ____26____. The firefighter explained each part ____27____, his voice guiding the boy’s wandering hands. In the boy’s mind, a vivid picture ____28____ — one his eyes could never see. Just when you thought this tender scene could grow no more beautiful, the little boy reached out for a ___29___, even though he had met the firefighter only moments before. It was a simple gesture that spoke volumes, capturing the profound impact of this brief but unforgettable ____30____. This small act of kindness has become an Internet hit,____31____ countless hearts and earning thousands of likes. It reminds us all that empathy and ____32____ can create connections far deeper than what meets the eye and that true “____33____” comes not from the eyes, but from the ____34____. So, share this story to ____35____ the warmth of this beautiful interaction and help others “see” the world in that same loving, empathetic light. 21. A. ashamed B. shy C. weak D. blind 22. A. promise B. assignment C. dream D. suggestion 23. A. well-known B. kind-hearted C. full-time D. good-looking 24. A. meaning B. result C. sense D. limit 25. A. Turning to B. Setting aside C. Holding up D. Depending on 26. A. awe B. fear C. relief D. doubt 27. A. aimlessly B. quickly C. carelessly D. patiently 28. A. fell apart B. faded away C. took shape D. went blank 29. A. gift B. hug C. hand D. toy 30. A. friction B. interview C. encounter D. celebration 31. A. breaking B. protecting C. calming D. touching 32. A. courage B. wisdom C. understanding D. honesty 33. A. sight B. grace C. warmth D. beauty 34. A. bone B. heart C. memory D. imagination 35. A. spread B. evaluate C. exchange D. create 第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 When faced with whether we work to live or live to work, some believe we work merely to earn the salary that enables us to be financially independent. However, earning a living is by no means the only reason ___36___ we work. Through the work we do, our goals can ___37___ (attain) and our dreams achieved. Yang Liwei, for example,___38___ (drive) by his passion for flying, became a pilot and then China’s first astronaut in space. Work lets us engage in favorite fields and gain satisfaction. Work can also help develop our skills, thus providing room for personal ___39___ (grow). When we work, we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do. Our rapidly changing workplace makes ___40___ necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills. Not only does work benefit us ___41___ (personal), it also contributes to the health of society. At the most basic level, different types of jobs operate like machine gears to keep society running, with every job equally ___42___ (value) to society. Wherever life takes us and ___43___ choices are laid out before us, something worth ___44___ (remember) is that our work, when done well, will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others. We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as ___45___ whole. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分 40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 你校英文报正就“生活技能课程”的设置向同学们征求意见。请你写一篇英文稿件，谈谈你的建议和想法。内容包括： (1)课程内容。 (2)阐述理由。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was the day before New Year’s Eve. Brad Hensley was on his way back from a wonderful family vacation. Now he was driving his RV (房车) with his wife and their four children on the Bluegrass Parkway in Kentucky. The sun was setting, painting the sky in warm orange and pink. Everyone was happy and excited. Suddenly, a loud bang broke the peace. A front tire (轮胎) had blown out, and the RV was out of control. Brad gripped the steering wheel (方向盘) tightly, but it was no use. It crashed through a metal barrier, and rolled down a steep slope (陡坡). The world turned upside down. Metal screamed against rocks. Then, everything went silent. Inside the twisted RV, chaos erupted. Brad’s head was bleeding, and his wife was crying, trying to calm the screaming children. One of the boys, Eric, the youngest, was trapped — his leg was stuck under a fallen seat, seriously injured. Worse still, Brad smelled gasoline. A thin line of smoke was rising from the broken engine. “We have to get out! It could catch fire any second!” Brad yelled, his voice full of fear. But the RV’s door was shut tightly. Brad tried to kick it open with all his strength, but it wouldn’t move at all. His wife held the other children close, tears streaming down her face. The boy trapped in the back cried out in pain. Time was running out. Brad closed his eyes for a second and whispered, “Please, someone help us.” Meanwhile, Joshua and Jessica just finished work at the construction site and witnessed the entire crash. Without a second thought, the couple parked the car and rushed down the steep slope. When they reached the broken RV, they saw the desperate family inside and the rising smoke. Joshua took a deep breath, grabbed the tool kit in his car, and murmured to himself, “I can’t just stand by.” He forced the tool into the narrow gap and Jessica pulled with all her strength. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右。 (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The door finally cracked open, but the smoke was getting thicker. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ As promised, Brad’s family knocked on the door of the couple’s house on New Year’s Eve. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $