精品解析：河南信阳市2025-2026学年高一下学期7月期末英语试题

★2026年7月8日 2025-2026学年普通高中高一下学期期末教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Buy a textbook. B. Return a library book. C. Borrow a dictionary. 2. How will the woman go to the airport? A. By taxi. B. By subway. C. By bus. 3. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Mother and son. 5. What time will the meeting start? A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:30. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman worried about? A. The man’s health. B. The man’s study. C. The man’s study plan. 7. What does the man suggest doing? A. Going to bed earlier. B. Taking a walk together. C. Changing the study plan. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A school project. B. A weekend plan. C. A part-time job. 9. What will the girl do on Saturday morning? A. Visit her grandparents. B. Attend a math class. C. Help clean the house. 10. When will the speakers meet? A. On Saturday afternoon. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Sunday afternoon. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Choosing a school club. B. Learning photography skills. C. Planning after-school activities. 12. What does the woman say about the photography club? A. It meets once a week. B. It teaches basic to advanced skills. C. It only accepts experienced students. 13. What will the man probably do next Tuesday? A. Buy a new camera. B. Attend a photography class. C. Join the club with the woman. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man planning to do this weekend? A. Go to the beach. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Move to a new apartment. 15. Why can’t the woman go on Saturday? A. She has to work. B. She has a piano lesson. C. She needs to help her brother. 16. When will the speakers meet? A. On Sunday morning. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Saturday afternoon. 17. What will the woman bring? A. Fruit. B. Drinks. C. Sandwiches. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a class presentation. B. Introducing a school activity. C. Hosting a radio program. 19. What is the theme of this week’s event? A. Environmental protection. B. Traditional Chinese culture. C. Career planning. 20. How can students sign up for the activity? A. By sending an email. B. By visiting the school website. C. By talking to their class teacher. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Golden Gate Historic Landscaping and Maintenance Golden Gate Park Conservancy Come join the fun and help preserve the park! Maintenance volunteers help protect and beautify the historic landscapes and cultural resources throughout National Park Service managed lands in San Francisco county. Projects include trail maintenance, vegetation removal, native planting, beach clean-up, sand removal, and graffiti removal. Registration required. When Thursdays from 10 a.m.-1 p.m. Where Rotating (轮换) sites: 1st Thursday: Crissy Field, West Bluff 2nd Thursday: Lands End 3rd Thursday: Crissy Field, East Beach 4th Thursday: Baker Beach 5th Thursdays (when applicable): Ocean Beach Groups Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to Bring Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Youth under age 15 must follow Youth Policy Guidelines. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have parent/guardian approval. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. The Golden Gate National Parks Volunteer Program is a cooperative effort of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, the National Park Service, and the Presidio Trust. 1. Where will volunteers work on the second Thursday of the month? A. Lands End B. Baker Beach C. Ocean Beach D. Crissy Field, West Bluff 2. What is required for a group of six volunteers? A. They must bring their own tools. B. They should arrive at Crissy Field, East Beach. C. They need to register on the day of the event. D. They must make special arrangements in advance. 3. What is a necessary requirement for all volunteers? A. At least 15 years old. B. Previous volunteer experience. C. Long pants and closed-toe shoes. D. A signed parent/guardian approval form. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍金门公园养护志愿者活动的时间地点、参与要求及相关注意事项。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Where板块中的“2nd Thursday: Lands End.(每月第二个周四：兰兹角。)”可知，志愿者每月第二个周四在兰兹角开展工作。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Groups板块中的“Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance.(五人及以上团体需要特殊安排，且必须提前确认。)”可知，六人团队需要提前做好特殊安排。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Age, Skills, What to Bring板块中的“Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required.(必须穿长裤和包脚鞋。)”可知，长裤与包脚鞋是所有志愿者都必须遵守的要求。 B In May 2001, I had surgery to correct the length of my legs — my left leg was an inch shorter than my right. During surgery, doctors put one leg in a medieval-looking device: a frame that went straight through the bone. I had to wear the brace (支架) for around three months until both legs were the same length. The device was heavy, and extremely painful. I spent my summer between college junior and senior years recovering. Though the days were dull and lonely, I held on, believing all the hardship would pay off soon. By late July, my parents and I went to the doctor hopefully, only to head home in tears — the heavy metal brace still had to stay on. When August came for the new term, my mom drove 18 hours from Wisconsin to take me to American University in Washington, D.C. The whole trip was agonizing, and I cried nonstop from the pain, yet I was determined to return to school. The first two weeks at school were exhausting. My painkillers made me so sleepy that I could barely stay awake during the day, let alone go out with my friends in the evening. The brace made my school life difficult and nearly ruined my social life. One lonely Friday night, my sorority little sister Rachel and all her fellow new members dropped by. They brought drinks, snacks, flowers and balloons. Each girl gave me a handwritten note or a get-well card and a warm hug, whispering that they were proud of my determination and strength. I could only stay awake for about half an hour until my medicine took effect. But in that short time, they reminded me how lucky I was to have such friendly friends. What those girls did for me was as simple as sharing a glass of lemonade and a few cookies, but they gave me the happiness and encouragement I needed most. I will always be thankful to them for helping me through one of the darkest periods of my life. 4. Why did the author have an operation in May 2001? A. To make her two legs equal in length B. To recover from a long-time leg injury. C. To remove a painful metal brace on her leg. D. To treat a serious bone disease in her left leg. 5. What does the underlined word “agonizing” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Painful. B. Boring. C. Comfortable. D. Relaxing. 6. What can we learn about the author after returning to university? A. She hung out with friends every night. B. She drove to college alone for 18 hours. C. She dropped classes due to sleepy painkillers. D. Trip pain troubled her the first two weeks at school. 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. The author finally gave up wearing the metal brace at school. B. The doctor promised to remove the brace in late July as planned. C. Rachel and her friends’ kindness lifted the author’s spirits greatly. D. The author’s classmates always looked down on her because of the brace. 【答案】4. A 5. A 6. D 7. C 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述作者因双腿不等长手术佩戴支架，返校后痛苦低落，学妹Rachel一行人前来安慰鼓舞了她。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In May 2001, I had surgery to correct the length of my legs — my left leg was an inch shorter than my right.(2001年5月，我接受了手术来矫正双腿的长度——我的左腿比右腿短一英寸)”可知，作者做手术是为了使两条腿长度相等。 【5题详解】 词义猜测题。根据第三段“The whole trip was agonizing, and I cried nonstop from the pain, yet I was determined to return to school.(整个旅程都很agonizing，我因疼痛不停地哭泣，但我还是决心回到学校)”可知，作者因疼痛不停哭泣，说明旅程很痛苦，“agonizing”意思与“Painful(痛苦的)”相近。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“The first two weeks at school were exhausting. My painkillers made me so sleepy that I could barely stay awake during the day, let alone go out with my friends in the evening. The brace made my school life difficult and nearly ruined my social life.(在学校的前两周令人疲惫不堪。止痛药让我白天几乎无法保持清醒，更不用说晚上和朋友们出去玩了。支架使我的学校生活变得困难，几乎毁了我的社交生活)”可知，回到大学后的前两周，旅行带来的疼痛以及止痛药的作用困扰着作者。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“What those girls did for me was as simple as sharing a glass of lemonade and a few cookies, but they gave me the happiness and encouragement I needed most. I will always be thankful to them for helping me through one of the darkest periods of my life.(那些女孩为我做的事情很简单，就像分享一杯柠檬水和一些饼干，但她们给了我最需要的快乐和鼓励。我将永远感激她们帮助我度过了人生中最黑暗的时期之一)”可知，瑞秋和她朋友们的善良极大地鼓舞了作者的精神。 C Scientists from Australia and New Zealand have discovered ancient animal remains inside a cave near Waitomo on Aotearoa’s North Island. The site contains a large collection of fossils dating back about 1 million years, including a previously unknown ancestor of the kākāpō, a large flightless parrot. The discovery includes fossils from 12 bird species and four frog species, offering a rare insight into New Zealand’s ecosystems during that period. The findings show that New Zealand’s wildlife was heavily shaped by dramatic climate shifts and powerful volcanic eruptions, leading to repeated waves of extinction and the appearance of new species long before humans arrived, according to research published in Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. Lead author, Flinders University Associate Professor Trevor Worthy, says the research reveals a previously unknown chapter of the country’s biodiversity: ancient forests once hosted diverse birds that did not survive the next million years. The team estimates that roughly 33-50% of species disappeared in the million years before humans arrived. Co-author and Canterbury Museum Senior Curator of Natural History Dr. Paul Scofield explains that rapid environmental changes, including severe volcanic eruptions, drove these extinctions. Among the remarkable discoveries is a newly identified parrot species, Strigops insulaborealis (北方岛鸮鹦鹉), an ancient relative of the modern kākāpō. Unlike today’s heavy, flightless kākāpō, this earlier species may have been able to fly, though further study is needed. Scientists were able to determine the fossils’ age because they were preserved between two volcanic ash layers. One layer dates to an eruption about 1.55 million years ago, while the other comes from a massive eruption around 1 million years ago. Associate Professor Worthy says the discovery fills a major gap in understanding New Zealand’s past. While extinctions were long viewed mainly from the point of view of human arrival 750 years ago, this study proves that natural forces like super-volcanoes and climate shifts already sculpted the wildlife over a million years ago. 8. What did the researchers discover in the cave near Waitomo? A. Fossils of modern bird species. B. The first evidence of volcanic eruptions. C. A previously unknown ancestor of the kākāpō. D. Remains of humans from one million years ago. 9. According to Dr. Paul Scofield, what caused the extinctions before humans arrived? A. Hunting by early humans. B. Dramatic ecological shifts. C. The arrival of new predators. D. Competition among animal species. 10. What can be inferred about the newly discovered parrot species Strigops insulaborealis? A. It lived only in Australia. B. It might have been able to fly. C. It was heavier than the modern kākāpō. D. It became extinct after humans arrived. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The kākāpō is the oldest bird species in the world. B. Volcanic eruptions are the only reason for species loss. C. Human arrival caused most extinctions in New Zealand. D. Natural forces shaped New Zealand’s wildlife long before humans. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. B 11. D 【解析】 【导语】文章主要介绍了科学家在新西兰怀托摩附近的洞穴中发现了距今约100万年的古生物化石，其中包含此前未知的鸮鹦鹉祖先，研究揭示早在人类到达新西兰之前，气候变迁、火山喷发等自然力量就已经影响了当地的生物演化与物种灭绝。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The site contains a large collection of fossils dating back about 1 million years, including a previously unknown ancestor of the kākāpō, a large flightless parrot.(该遗址存有大量约一百万年前的化石，其中包含一种此前从未发现的鸮鹦鹉祖先，鸮鹦鹉是一种大型不会飞的鹦鹉)” 可知，研究人员在怀托摩附近的洞穴中发现了一种此前未知的鸮鹦鹉祖先。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Co-author and Canterbury Museum Senior Curator of Natural History Dr. Paul Scofield explains that rapid environmental changes, including severe volcanic eruptions, drove these extinctions.(合著者、坎特伯雷博物馆自然历史高级馆长保罗·斯科菲尔德博士解释说，包括严重火山喷发在内的快速环境变化导致了这些灭绝)”可知，斯科菲尔德认为人类到来前的灭绝是由剧烈的生态变化（环境剧变）引起的。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Among the remarkable discoveries is a newly identified parrot species, Strigops insulaborealis (北方岛鸮鹦鹉), an ancient relative of the modern kākāpō. Unlike today’s heavy, flightless kākāpō, this earlier species may have been able to fly, though further study is needed.(在这些引人注目的发现中，有一种新被鉴定的鹦鹉物种——北方岛鸮鹦鹉，它是现代鸮鹦鹉的一个远古近亲。与今天笨重且不会飞的鸮鹦鹉不同，这一更早期的物种可能具有飞行能力，尽管还需要进一步研究。)”可推知，新发现的鹦鹉物种北方岛鸮鹦鹉（Strigops insulaborealis）可能具备飞行能力。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“The findings show that New Zealand’s wildlife was heavily shaped by dramatic climate shifts and powerful volcanic eruptions, leading to repeated waves of extinction and the appearance of new species long before humans arrived(研究结果表明，早在人类抵达之前，剧烈的气候变迁和大规模火山喷发就深刻塑造了新西兰的野生动物，引发多轮物种灭绝与新物种诞生)”以及最后一段“While extinctions were long viewed mainly from the point of view of human arrival 750 years ago, this study proves that natural forces like super-volcanoes and climate shifts already sculpted the wildlife over a million years ago.(虽然长期以来灭绝主要从750年前人类抵达的角度来看待，但这项研究证明，超级火山和气候变化等自然力量早在100万年前就已经塑造了野生动物。)”可知，本文主要讲述了新西兰北岛洞穴中新发现了百万年前动物化石，研究证明早在人类抵达之前，火山喷发和气候剧变等自然力量就已经深刻塑造了新西兰的野生动物，并导致多次物种灭绝与新物种出现。因此本文的核心主旨是：早在人类到来之前，自然力量就塑造了新西兰的野生动物。 D A cutting-edge AI model that appeared to copy human thinking may actually just be memorizing answers. New tests reveal it struggles with true understanding, exposing a major gap in today’s AI systems. In July 2025, a Nature study introduced an AI model called “Centaur.” Built on standard large language models and refined using psychological data, Centaur was designed to simulate human cognitive behavior. It reportedly performed well across 160 tasks, including decision-making and executive control. The results drew widespread attention as a possible step toward AI that copies human thinking. A more recent study in National Science Open challenges those claims. Researchers from Zhejiang University argue Centaur’s success may come from overfitting (过拟合). Instead of understanding tasks, the model may have learned to recognize patterns in training data and reproduce expected answers. To test this, the researchers created new evaluation situations. In one example, they replaced original multiple-choice prompts (指令), which described specific psychological tasks, with the instruction “Please choose option A.” If the model truly understood the task, it should have consistently selected A. Instead, Centaur continued choosing the original “correct answers”. This behavior suggests the model was not interpreting question meaning. Rather, it relied on learned statistical patterns to “guess” answers. The researchers compared this to a student who scores well by memorizing test formats without understanding the material. The findings highlight caution when assessing large language models. While these systems are effective at fitting data, their “black-box” nature makes it difficult to know how they arrive at outputs. This can lead to errors or misunderstandings. Careful, varied testing is essential to determine whether a model truly has the skills it appears to demonstrate. Although Centaur was presented as capable of simulating cognition, its biggest limitation is language comprehension. Specifically, it struggles to recognize meaning behind questions. The study suggests achieving true language understanding may be one of the most important challenges in developing AI systems that can model human cognition more fully. 12. What was Centaur designed to do when first introduced? A. To simulate human cognitive behavior. B. To analyze data from 160 different tasks. C. To replace standard large language models. D. To improve psychological research methods. 13. What does Centaur’s response to “Please choose option A” suggest? A. It had forgotten its original training. B. It memorized, but didn’t understand. C. It refused to follow new instructions. D. It understood the instruction but ignored it. 14. Why does the author compare Centaur to a student memorizing test formats? A. To prove overfitting is a good thing. B. To show memorization is useful for AI. C. To suggest Centaur is not smart enough. D. To argue AI should be trained like humans. 15. What can be inferred about AI systems that model human cognition? A. Researchers have given up on language tasks. B. Data fitting is more important than understanding. C. Language comprehension remains a key challenge. D. They have already succeeded with models like Centaur. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍名为Centaur的人工智能模型看似模仿人类思维，实则仅记忆答案，缺乏真正理解，指出了当前人工智能系统存在的短板与发展难题。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Built on standard large language models and refined using psychological data, Centaur was designed to simulate human cognitive behavior.(Centaur基于标准大语言模型搭建，并利用心理学数据优化，旨在模拟人类认知行为)”可知，Centaur模型最初被设计用于模拟人类认知行为。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段“This behavior suggests the model was not interpreting question meaning. Rather, it relied on learned statistical patterns to “guess” answers.(这一行为表明该模型并未理解题目含义，而是依靠学到的统计模式去“猜”答案)”可知，该模型只会记忆答案模式，并不具备真正的理解能力。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段“The researchers compared this to a student who scores well by memorizing test formats without understanding the material.(研究人员将这一情况比作学生只背诵考试题型、不理解知识点却取得高分的现象)”可知，作者打此比方是为了说明该人工智能只是机械记忆模式，并非真正理解任务、不够智能。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The study suggests achieving true language understanding may be one of the most important challenges in developing AI systems that can model human cognition more fully.(该研究表明，实现真正的语言理解，或许是研发能够更全面模拟人类认知的人工智能系统最重要的挑战之一)”可推知，语言理解依旧是模拟人类认知的人工智能系统的核心难题。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Often Should You Get a Massage (推拿)? Massages can help you relax, ease pain, and reduce stress. However, professional massages can be expensive. ____16____ That’s why many people choose self-massage tools to relax regularly at home. So how often should you get a massage? It depends on your own needs. ____17____ But if you have a serious injury, you should ask a doctor first. For common body aches and health, getting a massage every 1-4 weeks is a good choice. If you have sudden knee or leg pain, you may need 2-3 treatments a week. ____18____ In this situation, home massage tools are very useful. For neck pain, daily or weekly massages work best in a short time. Studies show that several 60-minute massages a week are more effective than one long massage. ____19____ For example, a wearable neck massager with different modes and strength is a great pick. If you have back pain, weekly or every-two-week massages are often suggested. Some studies even say daily deep-tissue massage helps. But remember: ____20____ For stress and worry, even one or two massages a month can help. You can change the frequency based on how you feel. In short, massages every 1-4 weeks are good advice. If you can’t go to a professional often, try self-massage tools. They are convenient, cheap, and easy to use at home. A. You can do massages at home as well. B. Neck pain usually goes away without any treatment. C. Most people can’t pay for them as often as they want. D. The more massages you get, the better your health will be. E. Always ask a doctor before you start any massage treatment. F. For long-term pain, weekly or every-two-week treatments are better. G. If you can’t visit a massage therapist often, try a home neck massager. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. F 19. G 20. E 【解析】 【导语】围绕“应该多久进行一次推拿”这一问题展开，介绍了不同身体状况下推拿的频率建议，同时提到专业推拿费用较高，可选择在家使用自我推拿工具进行推拿。 【16题详解】 前文“Massages can help you relax, ease pain, and reduce stress. However, professional massages can be expensive.(推拿可以帮助你放松、缓解疼痛和减轻压力。然而，专业推拿可能很昂贵)”指出推拿有利于缓解疼痛和压力，但专业推拿比较昂贵，后文“That’s why many people choose self - massage tools to relax regularly at home.(这就是为什么许多人选择自我推拿工具在家定期放松)”提到人们在家进行推拿。C选项“Most people can’t pay for them as often as they want.(大多数人无法随心所欲地支付推拿费用)”中“expensive”与“can’t pay for them as often as they want”相呼应，解释了为什么很多人选择在家自我推拿，起到承上启下的作用。 【17题详解】 前文“So how often should you get a massage? It depends on your own needs.(那么你应该多久做一次推拿呢？这取决于你自己的需求)”指出推拿的频率取决于自己的需求，后文“But if you have a serious injury, you should ask a doctor first.(但如果你有严重的损伤，你应该先咨询医生)”指出如果严重受伤应先咨询医生。A选项“You can do massages at home as well.(你也可以在家做推拿)”既承接前文关于推拿频率取决于自身需求，又引出后文对于严重损伤情况的说明，同时与前文提到的很多人选择在家自我推拿相呼应。 【18题详解】 前文“For common body aches and health, getting a massage every 1-4 weeks is a good choice. If you have sudden knee or leg pain, you may need 2-3 treatments a week.(对于常见的身体疼痛和保健，每1-4周做一次推拿是个不错的选择。如果你突然膝盖或腿部疼痛，你可能每周需要2-3次治疗)”针对不同情况的疼痛给出推拿治疗的时间，F选项“For long-term pain, weekly or every-two-week treatments are better.(对于长期疼痛，每周或每两周进行一次治疗更好)”进一步说明不同疼痛情况对应的推拿频率，与前文常见身体疼痛及突发膝盖、腿部疼痛的推拿频率表述并列。 【19题详解】 前文“For neck pain, daily or weekly massages work best in a short time. Studies show that several 60-minute massages a week are more effective than one long massage.(对于颈部疼痛，短期内每天或每周进行推拿效果最佳。研究表明，每周几次60分钟的推拿比一次长时间的推拿更有效)”指出颈部疼痛有规律的推拿比一次长时间推拿有效，后文“For example, a wearable neck massager with different modes and strength is a great pick.(例如，一款具有不同模式和力度的可穿戴颈部按摩器是个不错的选择)”指出可以使用按摩器。G选项“If you can’t visit a massage therapist often, try a home neck massager.(如果你不能经常去看按摩治疗师，试试家用颈部按摩器)”中“home neck massager”与后文所举的可穿戴颈部按摩器例子相呼应，且承接前文颈部疼痛的推拿情况。 【20题详解】 前文“If you have back pain, weekly or every-two-week massages are often suggested. Some studies even say daily deep - tissue massage helps. But remember:(如果你有背部疼痛，通常建议每周或每两周进行一次推拿。一些研究甚至表明每天进行深层组织推拿有帮助。但是要记住：)”指出背部疼痛的推拿频率并提出有注意事项。E选项“Always ask a doctor before you start any massage treatment.(在开始任何推拿治疗之前，一定要先咨询医生)”针对深层组织推拿这类可能有风险的操作，提醒用户先咨询医生。 第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 Most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing video games, but Ernesto Gael Hernandez is busy ____21____ his own 3D printing business and dreaming of buying his mom a house someday. What began as a fun way to make custom key chains for classmates has quickly grown into a ____22____ small business for the young entrepreneur. Now, with several printers working at the same time and products sold in a local store, Ernesto is turning creativity into ____23____ while most kids of his age are still ____24____ what game to play after school. Inside a small home workshop, Ernesto spends his days designing and printing colorful ____25____, including key chains, whistles and small things to help people with worries and stress. “I would wake up early and ____26____ something to print while I’m at school or after school,” Ernesto said. “Before football practice, I would also print something.” The idea came months ago when Ernesto told his mom he wanted to ____27____ money through 3D printing. Instead of buying him a machine, she ____28____ him to work and save for it himself. After saving $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and ____29____ his small business. He learned to create designs by watching online guides and soon found strong ____30____ for his products. Business grew fast. Ernesto has already made about $1,500 in profit. He even ____31____ with a local clothing store to sell his works. Three printers now work non-stop to ____32____ orders. For his mom Samantha, the business is more than a way to make money. It is ____33____ family time. She says balancing school, sports and business is stressful, but it teaches Ernesto lifelong lessons. Though young, Ernesto has a warm ____34____. “I do this because I want to ____35____ a house for my mom and me when I grow older,” he said. 21. A. building B. running C. checking D. finding 22. A. common B. new C. thriving D. simple 23. A. luck B. power C. success D. courage 24. A. choosing B. guessing C. remembering D. watching 25. A. gifts B. creations C. tools D. toys 26. A. leave B. stop C. get D. set 27. A. borrow B. save C. earn D. spend 28. A. allowed B. encouraged C. ordered D. promised 29. A. started B. closed C. shared D. finished 30. A. support B. help C. need D. demand 31. A. argued B. partnered C. fought D. played 32. A. deal with B. give up C. take off D. look for 33. A. free B. poor C. valuable D. boring 34. A. habit B. dream C. hobby D. opinion 35. A. move B. buy C. rent D. build 【答案】21. B 22. C 23. C 24. A 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. B 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述十岁男孩 Ernesto Gael Hernandez 经营3D打印小店创业的故事。他最初为同学制作定制钥匙扣，攒钱买下打印机创业，产品销路火爆，还和本地服装店合作售卖；母亲引导他靠自己劳动赚钱，这份事业不仅收获利润，也拉近亲子时光，而他创业的初心是长大后给妈妈买一套房子。 【21题详解】 考查动词。句意：大多数十岁孩子空闲时都在玩电子游戏，但 Ernesto Gael Hernandez 忙着经营自己的3D打印生意，梦想有朝一日给妈妈买一套房子。A. building建造；B. running经营；C. checking检查；D. finding找到。由下文“dreaming of buying his mom a house someday”可知，他经营自己的生意。 【22题详解】 考查形容词。句意：一开始只是给同学制作定制钥匙扣的有趣小事，很快就发展成这位年轻创业者一门蒸蒸日上的小生意。A. common普通的；B. new崭新的；C. thriving蓬勃发展的；D. simple简单的。由下文“several printers working at the same time and products sold in a local store”可知，他的生意发展得很好。 【23题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今好几台打印机同时运转，产品在当地商店售卖，欧内斯托把创意转化为成功，而和他同龄的大多数孩子还在纠结放学后玩什么游戏。A. luck运气；B. power力量；C. success成功；D. courage勇气。由上文“products sold in a local store”可知，他依靠创意取得了事业上的成功。 【24题详解】 考查动词。句意：如今好几台打印机同时运转，产品在当地商店售卖，欧内斯托把创意转化为成功，而和他同龄的大多数孩子还在选择放学后玩什么游戏。A. choosing选择；B. guessing猜测；C. remembering记得；D. watching观看。由下文“what game to play after school”可知，普通孩子会挑选要玩的游戏。 【25题详解】 考查名词。句意：在一间小型家庭工坊里，欧内斯托每天设计并打印色彩丰富的创意作品，包括钥匙扣、哨子以及帮助人们缓解焦虑压力的小物件。A. gifts礼物；B. creations创意作品；C. tools工具；D. toys玩具。由下文“including key chains, whistles and small things to help people with worries and stress”可知，这些都是他3D打印创作出来的物品。 【26题详解】 考查动词。句意：“我会早起，在校期间或是放学后设置好要打印的东西，”欧内斯托说，“足球训练前我也会打印产品。”A. leave离开；B. stop停止；C. get得到；D. set设置。由下文“something to print while I’m at school or after school”可知，他会提前想好、设置要打印的物件。 【27题详解】 考查动词。句意：这个想法诞生于几个月前，当时欧内斯托告诉妈妈，他想靠3D打印赚钱。A. borrow借；B. save储蓄；C. earn赚取；D. spend花费。由下文“After saving $500, Ernesto bought his first printer”可知，他想要通过3D打印赚钱。 【28题详解】 考查动词。句意：妈妈没有直接给他买打印机，而是鼓励他自己打工攒钱购买。A. allowed允许；B. encouraged鼓励；C. ordered命令；D. promised承诺。由下文“After saving $500，Ernesto bought his first printer”可知，妈妈鼓励他靠自己存钱购机。 【29题详解】 考查动词。句意：攒够 500 美元后，欧内斯托买下第一台打印机，开启了自己的小生意。A. started开启；B. closed关闭；C. shared分享；D. finished完成。由上文“bought his first printer”可知，购入设备后他正式创办了生意。 【30题详解】 考查名词。句意：他通过线上教程自学设计，很快他的产品就有了旺盛的市场需求。A. support支持；B. help帮助；C. need需要；D. demand需求。由下文“Business grew fast. Ernesto has already made about $1,500 in profit”可知，市场对他的产品需求量很大。 【31题详解】 考查动词。句意：他甚至和当地一家服装店合作，售卖自己的作品。A. argued争论；B. partnered合作；C. fought争斗；D. played玩耍。由下文“with a local clothing store to sell his works”可知，他和线下店铺达成合作关系。 【32题详解】 考查动词短语。句意：三台打印机不停运转，用来处理各类订单。A. deal with处理；B. give up放弃；C. take off起飞；D. look for寻找。由上文“Three printers now work non-stop”可知，打印机持续工作是为了处理客户订单。 【33题详解】 考查形容词。句意：对他的妈妈萨曼莎来说，这份生意不只是赚钱渠道，更是珍贵的亲子时光。A. free免费的；B. poor贫穷的；C. valuable珍贵的；D. boring无聊的。由下文“it teaches Ernesto lifelong lessons”可知，这段陪伴共处的时光十分珍贵。 【34题详解】 考查名词。句意：尽管年纪尚小，欧内斯托怀揣温暖的梦想。A. habit习惯；B. dream梦想；C. hobby爱好；D. opinion观点。由下文“I want to buy a house for my mom and me when I grow older”可知，拥有属于自己和妈妈的房子是他的梦想。 【35题详解】 考查动词。句意：“我做这些是因为长大后想给我和妈妈买一套房子。”他说道。A. move搬迁；B. buy购买；C. rent租赁；D. build建造。由文章首段“dreaming of buying his mom a house someday”可知，他想要购置一套房子。 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Amid a gentle spring rain in Longquan City in east China’s Zhejiang Province, several Bangladeshi painters paint the sky’s blue-green color, ____36____ looks like the typical color of the city’s famous celadon (青瓷). Mong Mong Sho, who came to China in 2012 and now teaches at Yunnan Arts University, ____37____ (deep) loves the beautiful views. Inspired by the scenery, he plans ____38____ (create) new works centered on this color. Sho is among a group of Bangladesh ____39____ (artist) visiting Zhejiang Province. Longquan, with more than 1,000 years of celadon history, was ____40____ important stop on the trip. The traditional firing technique of Longquan celadon is the world’s first and only ____41____ (tradition) art added on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. ____42____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279) and the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), celadon china fired in local kilns was shipped by waterway from Longquan ____43____ Europe, Southeast Asia, West Asia and Africa, becoming a representative product of the Maritime Silk Road trade network. “Cultural exchanges help more people understand the cultural heritage behind a single piece of porcelain. Art speaks a universal language that needs no translation. It bridges linguistic gaps and brings people closer together,” Sho said. “Over the past decade, I ____44____ (join) many Bangladesh-China art exchange events. As close neighbors, more cultural exchanges will deepen ____45____ (we) mutual understanding.” 【答案】36. which 37. deeply 38. to create 39. artists 40. an 41. traditional 42. Dating 43. to 44. have joined 45. our 【解析】 【导语】主要讲述了一群孟加拉国艺术家到访中国浙江龙泉，感受千年青瓷文化，参与中孟艺术文化交流，点明文化交流能够增进国家间相互理解。 【36题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在中国东部浙江省龙泉市的一场绵绵春雨中，几位孟加拉国画家正在描绘天空的蓝绿色——这种颜色看起来就像该市著名的青瓷的典型色泽。此空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词the sky’s blue-green color，指物，从句中缺主语，用关系代词which引导。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：2012年来到中国、如今任教于云南艺术学院的Mong Mong Sho深深地喜爱这里的美景。修饰谓语动词loves，需要用副词deeply作状语，意为“深深地”。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：受到风景的启发，他计划创作以这种颜色为核心的新作品。plan to do sth是固定搭配，意为“计划做某事”，用动词不定式to create作宾语。 【39题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：Sho是一群到访浙江省的孟加拉国艺术家中的一员。artist是可数名词，a group of后接可数名词复数，故填artists。 【40题详解】 考查冠词。句意：龙泉拥有超过一千年的青瓷历史，是这次行程中的一个重要站点。stop此处为可数名词单数，泛指“一个站点”，important以元音音素开头，因此用不定冠词an。 【41题详解】 考查形容词。句意：龙泉青瓷传统烧制技艺是联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录中首个也是唯一一个入选的传统技艺。修饰名词art，需要用形容词traditional，意为“传统的”，作定语。 【42题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：当地窑口烧制的青瓷可追溯至宋朝（960-1279）和元朝（1271-1368），当时从龙泉通过水路运往欧洲、东南亚、西亚和非洲，成为海上丝绸之路贸易网的代表性产品。句中was shipped是谓语动词，主语celadon china与date back to是逻辑上的主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语，句首首字母需大写，故填Dating。 【43题详解】 考查介词固定搭配。句意：当地窑口烧制的青瓷可追溯至宋朝（960-1279）和元朝（1271-1368），当时从龙泉通过水路运往欧洲、东南亚、西亚和非洲，成为海上丝绸之路贸易网的代表性产品。from...to...是固定搭配，意为“从……到……”，此空填介词to。 【44题详解】 考查时态。句意：过去十年间，我参加了许多中孟艺术交流活动。时间状语“Over the past decade”是现在完成时的标志，结构为“have/has+过去分词”，主语是I，助动词用have，填have joined。 【45题详解】 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：作为亲密邻邦，更多的文化交流会加深我们的相互理解。修饰名词短语mutual understanding，需要用形容词性物主代词，人称代词we转换为our。 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，你校即将举办一项主题为“Small Acts, Big Changes”的环保活动。请你用英文写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1．活动意义； 2．可行举措； 3．发出倡议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Small Acts, Big Changes Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 【答案】 Small Acts, Big Changes Dear fellow students, To raise our awareness of environmental protection, our school will hold an activity themed “Small Acts, Big Changes”. Tiny daily actions can add up to great power to protect our planet. Here are practical moves we can take. We should sort rubbish strictly and use reusable water bottles instead of plastic ones. Besides, choose walking or cycling for short trips to cut carbon emissions. Let’s take immediate action! Every small effort counts and will create a greener world for us all. The Student Union 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生为“Small Acts, Big Changes”的环保活动用英文写一封倡议书。 【详解】1.词汇积累 提高：raise→improve 保护：protect→safeguard 分类：sort→classify 重要，有影响：count→make a difference 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：To raise our awareness of environmental protection, our school will hold an activity themed “Small Acts, Big Changes”. 拓展句：To raise our awareness of environmental protection, our school will hold an activity whose theme is “Small Acts, Big Changes”. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To raise our awareness of environmental protection, our school will hold an activity themed “Small Acts, Big Changes”.(运用了不定式作目的状语以及非谓语动词themed作后置定语) 【高分句型2】Besides, choose walking or cycling for short trips to cut carbon emissions.(运用了不定式作目的状语) 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Back in the mid-1980s, for us fourth-grade students at Damascus Primary School, one name alone could fill our hearts with fear — that was Mrs. Duvall, our math teacher. She was a tall and strict woman who walked with heavy steps and always had a serious expression on her face. Her voice was low and sharp. Whenever she spoke loudly, not just the classroom walls seemed to shake, but all of us sitting at our desks felt nervous too. Even before math class started, her loud voice could be heard far down the hallway. I even felt pity for her homeroom students, who had to stay under her strict watch for nearly the whole day. I used to do well in math until we began to learn long division. With continuous practice, I managed to work it out. But things became much harder when we learned calculations about money and time. I could count coins and tell the time correctly. However, I was completely confused when doing addition and subtraction (减法) related to them. My classmates mastered these problems easily, but they turned into a huge challenge for me. It took me several months before I finally made progress in this part. Our teacher asked us to take online math tests repeatedly in class, and we had to keep trying until we got a passing score. Again and again, I walked to Mrs. Duvall’s desk nervously after failing the test. Each time, she looked upset and encouraged me firmly, “You are able to do this, Michael! You know the methods well.” At one point, I even wanted to give up and asked her to give me a failing grade directly. Deep inside, though, I was eager to prove myself. I refused to give up easily and chose to keep working hard. Day by day, I practiced more carefully and tried to figure out where my problems lay. I held on to the belief that I would succeed one day. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。 Finally, I showed my passing paper to Mrs. Duvall. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This experience taught me the meaning of persistence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Finally, I showed my passing paper to Mrs. Duvall. Her sharp eyes scanned the paper slowly, then a faint warm smile crept over her stiff, serious face — the first gentle expression I’d ever caught on her. She lowered her loud voice, patted my trembling shoulder lightly, and said she admired my months of steady practice. I suddenly understood her strict rules were never meant to frighten me, but to drive me to keep trying. All my past anxiety melted into heartfelt gratitude. This experience taught me the meaning of persistence. Those frustrating repeated tests once made me eager to surrender, yet Mrs. Duvall’s unshakable words kept me moving forward. Now whenever I hit tough barriers, I recall this math journey. It reminds me that small daily efforts will gather strength, and persistence will light the way to success. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了四年级的 “我” 十分惧怕严厉的数学老师杜瓦尔夫人，学习钱币、时间加减法时屡屡测试不及格，多次想要放弃，但在老师不断鼓励下坚持反复练习，最终通过考试，读懂老师严苛背后的用心，并领悟坚持意义的故事。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容可知，第一段可描写杜瓦尔夫人看到及格试卷后神态、语气的转变，温柔地鼓励“我”，“我”消除了对她的恐惧，心生感激。 ②由第二段首句内容 可知，第二段可描写这段经历带给“我”长久的人生启发，往后遇到困难都会想起这次学数学的经历，懂得坚持终会收获成功。 2. 续写线索：出示及格试卷→老师展露温柔笑容、轻声鼓励→理解老师严苛的初心→内心满怀感激→领悟坚持的真谛→遇事不轻言放弃 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①扫视：scan/glance over/examine ②轻轻拍打：pat/tap/stroke 情绪类 ①温暖由衷的：heartfelt/sincere/genuine ②沮丧的：frustrating /upsetting/depressing 【点睛】【高分句型 1】Her sharp eyes scanned the paper slowly, then a faint warm smile crept over her stiff, serious face — the first gentle expression I’d ever caught on her.(运用了省略了关系代词that的定语从句) 【高分句型 2】I suddenly understood her strict rules were never meant to frighten me, but to drive me to keep trying.(运用了省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 【高分句型 3】It reminds me that small daily efforts will gather strength, and persistence will light the way to success.(运用了连接词that引导的宾语从句和省略了连接词that的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ★2026年7月8日 2025-2026学年普通高中高一下学期期末教学质量检测 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the man want to do? A. Buy a textbook. B. Return a library book. C. Borrow a dictionary. 2. How will the woman go to the airport? A. By taxi. B. By subway. C. By bus. 3. What is the weather like now? A. Rainy. B. Sunny. C. Cloudy. 4. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Doctor and patient. C. Mother and son. 5. What time will the meeting start? A. At 2:30. B. At 3:00. C. At 3:30. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the woman worried about? A. The man’s health. B. The man’s study. C. The man’s study plan. 7. What does the man suggest doing? A. Going to bed earlier. B. Taking a walk together. C. Changing the study plan. 听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。 8. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. A school project. B. A weekend plan. C. A part-time job. 9. What will the girl do on Saturday morning? A. Visit her grandparents. B. Attend a math class. C. Help clean the house. 10. When will the speakers meet? A. On Saturday afternoon. B. On Sunday morning. C. On Sunday afternoon. 听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly discussing? A. Choosing a school club. B. Learning photography skills. C. Planning after-school activities. 12. What does the woman say about the photography club? A. It meets once a week. B. It teaches basic to advanced skills. C. It only accepts experienced students. 13. What will the man probably do next Tuesday? A. Buy a new camera. B. Attend a photography class. C. Join the club with the woman. 听第9段录音，回答第14至17题。 14. What is the man planning to do this weekend? A. Go to the beach. B. Take a piano lesson. C. Move to a new apartment. 15. Why can’t the woman go on Saturday? A. She has to work. B. She has a piano lesson. C. She needs to help her brother. 16. When will the speakers meet? A. On Sunday morning. B. On Sunday afternoon. C. On Saturday afternoon. 17. What will the woman bring? A. Fruit. B. Drinks. C. Sandwiches. 听第10段录音，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker doing? A. Giving a class presentation. B. Introducing a school activity. C. Hosting a radio program. 19. What is the theme of this week’s event? A. Environmental protection. B. Traditional Chinese culture. C. Career planning. 20. How can students sign up for the activity? A. By sending an email. B. By visiting the school website. C. By talking to their class teacher. 第二部分：阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Golden Gate Historic Landscaping and Maintenance Golden Gate Park Conservancy Come join the fun and help preserve the park! Maintenance volunteers help protect and beautify the historic landscapes and cultural resources throughout National Park Service managed lands in San Francisco county. Projects include trail maintenance, vegetation removal, native planting, beach clean-up, sand removal, and graffiti removal. Registration required. When Thursdays from 10 a.m.-1 p.m. Where Rotating (轮换) sites: 1st Thursday: Crissy Field, West Bluff 2nd Thursday: Lands End 3rd Thursday: Crissy Field, East Beach 4th Thursday: Baker Beach 5th Thursdays (when applicable): Ocean Beach Groups Groups of five or more require special arrangements and must be confirmed in advance. Please review the List of Available Projects and fill out the Group Project Request Form. Age, Skills, What to Bring Volunteers aged 10 and up are welcome. Youth under age 15 must follow Youth Policy Guidelines. Bring your completed Volunteer Agreement Form. Volunteers under 18 must have parent/guardian approval. We’ll be working rain or shine. Wear clothes that can get dirty. Long pants and closed-toe shoes are required. Bring layers for changing weather and rain gear if necessary. Bring a personal water bottle and sunscreen. No experience necessary. Training and tools will be provided. Fulfills community service requirements. The Golden Gate National Parks Volunteer Program is a cooperative effort of the Golden Gate National Parks Conservancy, the National Park Service, and the Presidio Trust. 1. Where will volunteers work on the second Thursday of the month? A. Lands End B. Baker Beach C. Ocean Beach D. Crissy Field, West Bluff 2. What is required for a group of six volunteers? A. They must bring their own tools. B. They should arrive at Crissy Field, East Beach. C. They need to register on the day of the event. D. They must make special arrangements in advance. 3. What is a necessary requirement for all volunteers? A. At least 15 years old. B. Previous volunteer experience. C. Long pants and closed-toe shoes. D. A signed parent/guardian approval form. B In May 2001, I had surgery to correct the length of my legs — my left leg was an inch shorter than my right. During surgery, doctors put one leg in a medieval-looking device: a frame that went straight through the bone. I had to wear the brace (支架) for around three months until both legs were the same length. The device was heavy, and extremely painful. I spent my summer between college junior and senior years recovering. Though the days were dull and lonely, I held on, believing all the hardship would pay off soon. By late July, my parents and I went to the doctor hopefully, only to head home in tears — the heavy metal brace still had to stay on. When August came for the new term, my mom drove 18 hours from Wisconsin to take me to American University in Washington, D.C. The whole trip was agonizing, and I cried nonstop from the pain, yet I was determined to return to school. The first two weeks at school were exhausting. My painkillers made me so sleepy that I could barely stay awake during the day, let alone go out with my friends in the evening. The brace made my school life difficult and nearly ruined my social life. One lonely Friday night, my sorority little sister Rachel and all her fellow new members dropped by. They brought drinks, snacks, flowers and balloons. Each girl gave me a handwritten note or a get-well card and a warm hug, whispering that they were proud of my determination and strength. I could only stay awake for about half an hour until my medicine took effect. But in that short time, they reminded me how lucky I was to have such friendly friends. What those girls did for me was as simple as sharing a glass of lemonade and a few cookies, but they gave me the happiness and encouragement I needed most. I will always be thankful to them for helping me through one of the darkest periods of my life. 4. Why did the author have an operation in May 2001? A. To make her two legs equal in length B. To recover from a long-time leg injury. C. To remove a painful metal brace on her leg. D. To treat a serious bone disease in her left leg. 5. What does the underlined word “agonizing” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean? A. Painful. B. Boring. C. Comfortable. D. Relaxing. 6. What can we learn about the author after returning to university? A. She hung out with friends every night. B. She drove to college alone for 18 hours. C. She dropped classes due to sleepy painkillers. D. Trip pain troubled her the first two weeks at school. 7. What can we infer from the passage? A. The author finally gave up wearing the metal brace at school. B. The doctor promised to remove the brace in late July as planned. C. Rachel and her friends’ kindness lifted the author’s spirits greatly. D. The author’s classmates always looked down on her because of the brace. C Scientists from Australia and New Zealand have discovered ancient animal remains inside a cave near Waitomo on Aotearoa’s North Island. The site contains a large collection of fossils dating back about 1 million years, including a previously unknown ancestor of the kākāpō, a large flightless parrot. The discovery includes fossils from 12 bird species and four frog species, offering a rare insight into New Zealand’s ecosystems during that period. The findings show that New Zealand’s wildlife was heavily shaped by dramatic climate shifts and powerful volcanic eruptions, leading to repeated waves of extinction and the appearance of new species long before humans arrived, according to research published in Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. Lead author, Flinders University Associate Professor Trevor Worthy, says the research reveals a previously unknown chapter of the country’s biodiversity: ancient forests once hosted diverse birds that did not survive the next million years. The team estimates that roughly 33-50% of species disappeared in the million years before humans arrived. Co-author and Canterbury Museum Senior Curator of Natural History Dr. Paul Scofield explains that rapid environmental changes, including severe volcanic eruptions, drove these extinctions. Among the remarkable discoveries is a newly identified parrot species, Strigops insulaborealis (北方岛鸮鹦鹉), an ancient relative of the modern kākāpō. Unlike today’s heavy, flightless kākāpō, this earlier species may have been able to fly, though further study is needed. Scientists were able to determine the fossils’ age because they were preserved between two volcanic ash layers. One layer dates to an eruption about 1.55 million years ago, while the other comes from a massive eruption around 1 million years ago. Associate Professor Worthy says the discovery fills a major gap in understanding New Zealand’s past. While extinctions were long viewed mainly from the point of view of human arrival 750 years ago, this study proves that natural forces like super-volcanoes and climate shifts already sculpted the wildlife over a million years ago. 8. What did the researchers discover in the cave near Waitomo? A. Fossils of modern bird species. B. The first evidence of volcanic eruptions. C. A previously unknown ancestor of the kākāpō. D. Remains of humans from one million years ago. 9. According to Dr. Paul Scofield, what caused the extinctions before humans arrived? A. Hunting by early humans. B. Dramatic ecological shifts. C. The arrival of new predators. D. Competition among animal species. 10. What can be inferred about the newly discovered parrot species Strigops insulaborealis? A. It lived only in Australia. B. It might have been able to fly. C. It was heavier than the modern kākāpō. D. It became extinct after humans arrived. 11. What is the main idea of the passage? A. The kākāpō is the oldest bird species in the world. B. Volcanic eruptions are the only reason for species loss. C. Human arrival caused most extinctions in New Zealand. D. Natural forces shaped New Zealand’s wildlife long before humans. D A cutting-edge AI model that appeared to copy human thinking may actually just be memorizing answers. New tests reveal it struggles with true understanding, exposing a major gap in today’s AI systems. In July 2025, a Nature study introduced an AI model called “Centaur.” Built on standard large language models and refined using psychological data, Centaur was designed to simulate human cognitive behavior. It reportedly performed well across 160 tasks, including decision-making and executive control. The results drew widespread attention as a possible step toward AI that copies human thinking. A more recent study in National Science Open challenges those claims. Researchers from Zhejiang University argue Centaur’s success may come from overfitting (过拟合). Instead of understanding tasks, the model may have learned to recognize patterns in training data and reproduce expected answers. To test this, the researchers created new evaluation situations. In one example, they replaced original multiple-choice prompts (指令), which described specific psychological tasks, with the instruction “Please choose option A.” If the model truly understood the task, it should have consistently selected A. Instead, Centaur continued choosing the original “correct answers”. This behavior suggests the model was not interpreting question meaning. Rather, it relied on learned statistical patterns to “guess” answers. The researchers compared this to a student who scores well by memorizing test formats without understanding the material. The findings highlight caution when assessing large language models. While these systems are effective at fitting data, their “black-box” nature makes it difficult to know how they arrive at outputs. This can lead to errors or misunderstandings. Careful, varied testing is essential to determine whether a model truly has the skills it appears to demonstrate. Although Centaur was presented as capable of simulating cognition, its biggest limitation is language comprehension. Specifically, it struggles to recognize meaning behind questions. The study suggests achieving true language understanding may be one of the most important challenges in developing AI systems that can model human cognition more fully. 12. What was Centaur designed to do when first introduced? A. To simulate human cognitive behavior. B. To analyze data from 160 different tasks. C. To replace standard large language models. D. To improve psychological research methods. 13. What does Centaur’s response to “Please choose option A” suggest? A. It had forgotten its original training. B. It memorized, but didn’t understand. C. It refused to follow new instructions. D. It understood the instruction but ignored it. 14. Why does the author compare Centaur to a student memorizing test formats? A. To prove overfitting is a good thing. B. To show memorization is useful for AI. C. To suggest Centaur is not smart enough. D. To argue AI should be trained like humans. 15. What can be inferred about AI systems that model human cognition? A. Researchers have given up on language tasks. B. Data fitting is more important than understanding. C. Language comprehension remains a key challenge. D. They have already succeeded with models like Centaur. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 How Often Should You Get a Massage (推拿)? Massages can help you relax, ease pain, and reduce stress. However, professional massages can be expensive. ____16____ That’s why many people choose self-massage tools to relax regularly at home. So how often should you get a massage? It depends on your own needs. ____17____ But if you have a serious injury, you should ask a doctor first. For common body aches and health, getting a massage every 1-4 weeks is a good choice. If you have sudden knee or leg pain, you may need 2-3 treatments a week. ____18____ In this situation, home massage tools are very useful. For neck pain, daily or weekly massages work best in a short time. Studies show that several 60-minute massages a week are more effective than one long massage. ____19____ For example, a wearable neck massager with different modes and strength is a great pick. If you have back pain, weekly or every-two-week massages are often suggested. Some studies even say daily deep-tissue massage helps. But remember: ____20____ For stress and worry, even one or two massages a month can help. You can change the frequency based on how you feel. In short, massages every 1-4 weeks are good advice. If you can’t go to a professional often, try self-massage tools. They are convenient, cheap, and easy to use at home. A. You can do massages at home as well. B. Neck pain usually goes away without any treatment. C. Most people can’t pay for them as often as they want. D. The more massages you get, the better your health will be. E. Always ask a doctor before you start any massage treatment. F. For long-term pain, weekly or every-two-week treatments are better. G. If you can’t visit a massage therapist often, try a home neck massager. 第三部分：语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节完形填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项A、B、C和D中，选出可以填入空格处的最佳选项。 Most 10-year-olds spend their free time playing video games, but Ernesto Gael Hernandez is busy ____21____ his own 3D printing business and dreaming of buying his mom a house someday. What began as a fun way to make custom key chains for classmates has quickly grown into a ____22____ small business for the young entrepreneur. Now, with several printers working at the same time and products sold in a local store, Ernesto is turning creativity into ____23____ while most kids of his age are still ____24____ what game to play after school. Inside a small home workshop, Ernesto spends his days designing and printing colorful ____25____, including key chains, whistles and small things to help people with worries and stress. “I would wake up early and ____26____ something to print while I’m at school or after school,” Ernesto said. “Before football practice, I would also print something.” The idea came months ago when Ernesto told his mom he wanted to ____27____ money through 3D printing. Instead of buying him a machine, she ____28____ him to work and save for it himself. After saving $500, Ernesto bought his first printer and ____29____ his small business. He learned to create designs by watching online guides and soon found strong ____30____ for his products. Business grew fast. Ernesto has already made about $1,500 in profit. He even ____31____ with a local clothing store to sell his works. Three printers now work non-stop to ____32____ orders. For his mom Samantha, the business is more than a way to make money. It is ____33____ family time. She says balancing school, sports and business is stressful, but it teaches Ernesto lifelong lessons. Though young, Ernesto has a warm ____34____. “I do this because I want to ____35____ a house for my mom and me when I grow older,” he said. 21. A. building B. running C. checking D. finding 22. A. common B. new C. thriving D. simple 23. A. luck B. power C. success D. courage 24. A. choosing B. guessing C. remembering D. watching 25. A. gifts B. creations C. tools D. toys 26. A. leave B. stop C. get D. set 27. A. borrow B. save C. earn D. spend 28. A. allowed B. encouraged C. ordered D. promised 29. A. started B. closed C. shared D. finished 30. A. support B. help C. need D. demand 31. A. argued B. partnered C. fought D. played 32. A. deal with B. give up C. take off D. look for 33. A. free B. poor C. valuable D. boring 34. A. habit B. dream C. hobby D. opinion 35. A. move B. buy C. rent D. build 第二节：语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Amid a gentle spring rain in Longquan City in east China’s Zhejiang Province, several Bangladeshi painters paint the sky’s blue-green color, ____36____ looks like the typical color of the city’s famous celadon (青瓷). Mong Mong Sho, who came to China in 2012 and now teaches at Yunnan Arts University, ____37____ (deep) loves the beautiful views. Inspired by the scenery, he plans ____38____ (create) new works centered on this color. Sho is among a group of Bangladesh ____39____ (artist) visiting Zhejiang Province. Longquan, with more than 1,000 years of celadon history, was ____40____ important stop on the trip. The traditional firing technique of Longquan celadon is the world’s first and only ____41____ (tradition) art added on UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity. ____42____ (date) back to the Song Dynasty (960-1279) and the Yuan Dynasty (1271-1368), celadon china fired in local kilns was shipped by waterway from Longquan ____43____ Europe, Southeast Asia, West Asia and Africa, becoming a representative product of the Maritime Silk Road trade network. “Cultural exchanges help more people understand the cultural heritage behind a single piece of porcelain. Art speaks a universal language that needs no translation. It bridges linguistic gaps and brings people closer together,” Sho said. “Over the past decade, I ____44____ (join) many Bangladesh-China art exchange events. As close neighbors, more cultural exchanges will deepen ____45____ (we) mutual understanding.” 第四部分：写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假如你是学生会主席李华，你校即将举办一项主题为“Small Acts, Big Changes”的环保活动。请你用英文写一封倡议书。内容包括： 1．活动意义； 2．可行举措； 3．发出倡议。 注意： 1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。 Small Acts, Big Changes Dear fellow students, ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The Student Union 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Back in the mid-1980s, for us fourth-grade students at Damascus Primary School, one name alone could fill our hearts with fear — that was Mrs. Duvall, our math teacher. She was a tall and strict woman who walked with heavy steps and always had a serious expression on her face. Her voice was low and sharp. Whenever she spoke loudly, not just the classroom walls seemed to shake, but all of us sitting at our desks felt nervous too. Even before math class started, her loud voice could be heard far down the hallway. I even felt pity for her homeroom students, who had to stay under her strict watch for nearly the whole day. I used to do well in math until we began to learn long division. With continuous practice, I managed to work it out. But things became much harder when we learned calculations about money and time. I could count coins and tell the time correctly. However, I was completely confused when doing addition and subtraction (减法) related to them. My classmates mastered these problems easily, but they turned into a huge challenge for me. It took me several months before I finally made progress in this part. Our teacher asked us to take online math tests repeatedly in class, and we had to keep trying until we got a passing score. Again and again, I walked to Mrs. Duvall’s desk nervously after failing the test. Each time, she looked upset and encouraged me firmly, “You are able to do this, Michael! You know the methods well.” At one point, I even wanted to give up and asked her to give me a failing grade directly. Deep inside, though, I was eager to prove myself. I refused to give up easily and chose to keep working hard. Day by day, I practiced more carefully and tried to figure out where my problems lay. I held on to the belief that I would succeed one day. 注意：1．续写词数应为150左右；2．请按如下格式作答。 Finally, I showed my passing paper to Mrs. Duvall. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ This experience taught me the meaning of persistence. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $