选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（人教版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心考点，整合话题词块、核心词汇、语法结构及读写技能，按“基础词汇—语法应用—综合语用”逻辑架构知识体系。通过考点梳理（核心词汇逐点清）、方法指导（语法结构讲练结合）、真题训练（高考语篇解读）等环节，帮助学生系统构建知识网络，突破词汇运用、语法理解及读写实战难点。 资料突出分层教学与核心素养融合，如核心词汇“committed”通过单句语法填空、句式升级等多维度训练，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置词形转换、固定用法、话题写作等分层练习，配合高考真题再做与语篇分析，确保复习效率。助力学生提升应试技能，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供清晰路径。

话题词块 话题佳句 1.receive/win the Nobel Peace Prize获得诺贝尔和平奖 2.get over varieties of difficulties克服各种各样的困难 3.play a leading role in起着带头作用 4.make further investigation做进一步调查 5.find supporting evidence找到有力的证据 6.make a breakthrough取得突破 7.carry out scientific experiments开展科学实验 8.promote the development of other science促进其他科学的进步 9.make contributions to 为……做贡献 10.devote/commit oneself to (doing) 献身于(做)某事 1.The reason why I admire Tu Youyou is that she has become the first Chinese woman to win a Nobel Prize. 我敬佩屠呦呦的原因是她成为第一位获得诺贝尔奖的中国女性。 2.Her strong determination and love give me great inspiration, pushing me to make contributions to human beings. 她那坚定的决心和爱心使我深受鼓舞，促使我为人类做出贡献。 3.Having set a great example to us students，she fully deserves my respect. 她为我们学生树立了一个很好的榜样，她值得我尊敬。 [核心词汇——逐点清] 1．vital adj.必不可少的；极其重要的；充满生机的 be vital for/to sth.对……极为重要 be of vital importance to...对……至关重要 play a vital role in 在这方面起至关重要的作用 It is vital to do sth.做某事很重要 It is vital that ...(should) do sth.……是十分重要的 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Enough sleep is vital 　for/to　 the students' physical and mental health. ②There is no doubt that it is vital　_to_have　(have)a good command of some knowledge of first aid. ③(应用文写作演讲稿)Good learning habits 　are_vital_for/to_our_further_development　. 良好的学习习惯对我们进一步的发展极其重要。 ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)Habitat Restoration Team volunteers 　play_a_vital_role_in　 (在……方面发挥着至关重要的作用) restoring sensitive resources and protecting endangered species across the ridges and valleys. [润中华]　If we are to make a difference in environmental protection，it's vital that we should begin with small things. 如果我们想在环境保护方面有所作为，至关重要的一点是我们应该从小事做起。 2．committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的； 坚信的 (1)be committed to对……忠诚；致力于…… (2) commit vt.承诺；保证(某个人、机构等)； vi.忠于；全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commit oneself to do/doing承诺/保证(做某事、遵守协议或安排等) commit oneself to (doing) sth.致力于(做)某事 commit a crime犯罪 (3)commitment n．承诺；保证 make a commitment做出承诺 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)Even the most engaged and 　committed　 (commit)audience will eventually get bored. ②(2024·全国甲卷)Finally, the rise of new energy vehicles reflects China's 　commitment　 (commit) to sustainable development and reducing carbon emissions. ③Borrowers should think carefully before committing 　themselves　(they) to taking out a loan. [金句]——句式升级 ④As she was committed to the crucial research，she seldom played with her children. →　Committed_to_the_crucial_research　，she seldom played with her children.(形容词短语作状语) 3．acknowledge vt.承认(属实、权威等)；(公开)感谢 (1)acknowledge...to be/as...承认……是/为…… acknowledge doing/having done sth.承认做了某事 It is acknowledged that...……是大家公认的 (2)acknowledgement n．承认；感谢 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Tom acknowledged 　being_defeated/having_been_defeated　(defeat) in the English speech competition，which made us quite depressed. ② He is widely acknowledged 　to_be　(be)the best player in the world. ③(感谢信)　I_acknowledge_my_English_teacher　， without whom I couldn't have made such great progress in English. 我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此巨大的进步。 [金句]——一句多译 普遍认为袁隆平是世界上最伟大的科学家之一。 ④Yuan Longping 　is_widely_acknowledged_to_be/as　 one of the greatest scientists in the world. ⑤　It_is_widely_acknowledged_that　 Yuan Longping is one of the greatest scientists in the world. 4．insist vi.&vt.坚持；坚决要求 (1)insist on (doing) sth.坚持(做)某事 (2)insist that...坚持说/认为(从句用陈述语气) (3)insist that sb.(should) do...坚决要求/主张(从句用虚拟语气) [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The doctor insisted that he 　was　 (be) seriously ill and that he 　(should)_be_operated　(operate) on immediately. ②(健康生活)Only when we 　insist_on_working_out_regularly　，can we keep healthy physically and mentally. 只有当我们坚持经常锻炼身体时我们才能保持身心健康。 [金句]——应用文写作 ③学生会坚持要求每个参赛者按时到达学校礼堂。 →The Student Union 　insists_that_every_participant_should_arrive_at_the_school_hall　 on schedule. 5．conclusion n．结论；推论 (1)draw a conclusion得出结论 in conclusion总而言之 (2)conclude vt.& vi.结束；推断出；达成；缔结 conclude从……中推断出…… conclude sth.以……结束…… 以字母d或de结尾的动词，转化为名词时通常把d或de转化为sion.你能举出几个例子吗？ 答案：decide­decision；divide­division；persuade­persuasion；comprehend­comprehension；extend­extension； explode­explosion等。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①(2025·全国二卷)Restaurants like Silo in the UK have experimented with zero­waste systems, but wastED took the concept to its logical 　conclusion　(conclude)． ②(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Each chapter concludes 　with　 a collection of practices, which are designed to help you act on the big ideas of the chapter. ③He concluded 　from　 their remarks that they were not in favour of the plan. ④(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)　What_can_be_concluded　(我们能推断出什么) about BMF employees? [金句]——一句多译 我从我自己的经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动很重要。 ⑤　I_drew/came_to/reached_a_conclusion_from_my_own_experiences_that　 it is important to work with our own hands.(conclusion) ⑥　I_concluded_from_my_own_experiences_that　 it is important to work with our own hands.(conclude) 6．consequence n．结果；后果 (1)as a consequence＝as a result＝in consequence因此；结果 as a consequence of＝as a result of＝in consequence of由于；作为……的结果 (2)consequent adj.随之发生的；作为结果的 consequently adv.因此；结果 [点津]　“因此，结果”词汇多，文章理解作用大。 (1)therefore　(2)hence　(3)thus　(4)accordingly (5)so　(6)for this reason [练通]——单句语法填空 ①I was caught in the traffic and 　in　 consequence，I was late. ②He withdrew from political life and 　as_　a consequence，he was soon forgotten. ③(2025·浙江1月卷)Allowing kids to eat what they want also exposes them to the natural 　consequences　(consequent) of their decisions. [金句]——词汇升级 ④Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.As a result，he deserves our respect. →Regardless of the risk of getting infected，Uncle Li is responsible and devoted to his job.　As_a_consequence　，he deserves our respect. 7．come to power (开始)掌权；上台 (1)be in power当权；执政 come into power上台；执政；当权 (2)do all/everything in one's power竭尽所能做某事 within one's power某人力所能及的 beyond one's power超出某人的能力 (3)powerful adj.强大的；权力大的 [练通]——完成句子 ①With the development of science and technology，China 　has_become_a_powerful_country　(已经成为一个强大的国家了)． ②It is 　beyond_my_power　(超过我的能力)to master so much vocabulary in such a short time. [点津]　come to /into power表动作，不可与时间段连用。(be) in power表状态，可以与时间段连用。 [金句]——一句多译 据我所知，这个政党执政两年了。 ③As far as I know，it is two years since the party 　came_to/into_power　. ④As far as I know，the party 　has_been_in_power　 for two years. 8．take up a position担任；任职 take up接受；开始从事；继续；占据(时间或空间) take off脱掉(衣服等)；起飞；事业腾飞 take over接管；获得对……的控制或管理 take down写下；记下；拆除 take in吸收；接纳；领会；欺骗 take on呈现；雇用；承担；从事 [练通]——用适当的介、副词填空 ①With the development of science and technology，our country has taken 　on　 a new look. ②I hardly took 　in　 what the teacher said in class，which made me in low spirits. ③When the delayed flight will take　_off　 depends much on the weather. ④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)I once took 　up_　a challenge to create a painting every day for a month and post the works online. [金句]——应用文写作 ⑤下个月底，李华将担任学生会主席。 →Li Hua will　_take_up_his_position_as_chairman_　of the Student Association at the end of next month. 1．defeat n．失败；挫败 vt.击败；战胜 [辨析]　defeat；beat；win defeat 击败，强调过程和结果 宾语是对手 beat 打败；(连续)击打 宾语是对手 win 赢得；获胜 宾语是game或prize等 [练通]——语段填空/单句语法填空 ①Yesterday I 　defeated/beat　 John at chess.He 　won　 only one set，while I 　won　 two sets. 昨天我下棋赢了约翰。他只赢了一局，而我赢了两局。 ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 　won　 a marathon race. 2．circumstance n．[usually pl.]条件；环境；状况 [练通]——语段填空 　Under no circumstances ①　will_I_give_up_　the objective of founding a company.As a consequence，②　if_circumstances_permit　，I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream. 我绝不放弃创办一家公司的目标，因此，如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦想。 子话题1—人物品质 子话题2—智力与能力 ①dignity n．　　　　庄重；尊贵；高尚 ②dutiful adj. 尽责的；忠诚的 ③aggressive adj. 有进取心的 ④thoughtful adj. 考虑周到的 ⑤modest adj. 谦虚的；谦逊的 ⑥ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的 ①wisdom n．　　　　智慧 ②distinction n. 优秀；卓越 ③brilliant adj. 使人印象深刻的；技艺高的 ④forgetful adj. 健忘的；不留心的 ⑤gifted adj. 有天赋的；有才华的 ⑥qualification n. 资格；学历 1．it作形式主语 　It is indeed an honour for China's scientific research and Chinese medicine to be spread around the world. 中国的科学研究和中医药能够在全世界传播确实是一种荣誉。 it作形式主语的常用句式： (1)It be＋名词短语＋(for sb.)to do sth. (2)It be＋形容词＋(of/for sb.)to do sth. (3)It be＋过去分词(said, thought, believed, supposed, reported...)＋that从句 (4)It be＋形容词(strange, important, vital, obvious, possible...)＋that从句 (5)It be＋名词短语(a pity, a shame, a fact, a good idea, no wonder...)＋that从句 [练通]——完成句子/句型转换 ①(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷)　It_was_very_exciting_to_hear　 the Chinese language and see how Tang's play was being performed. 听到中文，看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何被表演的，非常激动人心。 ②(新高考Ⅰ卷)　It_is_acknowledged_that　 the cross­country race is an opportunity to strengthen our will. 大家公认这个越野赛跑是增强我们意志的机会。 ③People generally believe that IT has both advantages and disadvantages. →　It_is_generally_believed_that　 IT has both advantages and disadvantages.(it作形式主语) ④(建议信)I'm more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family. It is necessary for you to know about the table manners of China. →I'm more than delighted to learn that you are going to visit a Chinese family. 　It_is_necessary_that_you_should_know_about_the_table_manners_of_China　.(It is＋adj.＋that...) 2．upon/on doing 一……就…… 　Upon hearing that she had been awarded the Nobel Prize，she said，“The honour is not just mine.There is a team behind me，and all the people of my country...” 当听到自己被授予诺贝尔奖时，她就说：“这荣誉不仅仅属于我。也属于我背后的团队以及我的祖国的人民……” “upon/on＋doing”意为“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。 表示“一……就……”的还有： (1)由名词构成的连词：the instant/moment/minute＋句子 (2)由副词作连词：instantly/immediately/directly＋句子 (3)固定句式： no sooner...than...，hardly...when... [练通]——单句语法填空 ①On 　finishing　(finish) it，I was struck by the feeling that it was the best composition I had ever written. ②　Instantly　(instant)Wang Yaping，a female astronaut，turned up at the meeting，the people applauded loudly. [金句]——一句多译 (2021·浙江1月卷)我的头一从大南瓜(pumpkin)里拔出来，我就松了一口气。 ③　As_soon_as_my_head_was_pulled_out_of_the_huge_pumpkin　， I sighed in relief.(as soon as) ④　The_instant/moment/minute_my_head_was_pulled_out_of_the_huge_pumpkin　， I sighed in relief.(名词短语构成的连词) ⑤　Immediately/Instantly/Directly my head was pulled out of the huge pumpkin　， I sighed in relief.(副词作连词) ►[维度1]　词形转换 用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 1．　Scientific　(science) knowledge should be made full use of to help us live a happy life. 2．To be honest，I spend my free time 　mostly　(most) reading novels. 3．　Apparently　(apparent)，she took no notice of the mistakes he had made in the accident. 4．He is going to make a 　remarkable　(remark) achievement in his field. 5．The camps have excellent horses，　professional　 (profession) guides and lots of support workers. 6．Einstein drew an interesting 　conclusion　(conclude)from his results about the nature of time. 7．When I failed the exam last month and was in low spirits，she patted me 　gently　(gentle) on the shoulder and gave me great encouragement. 8．As for my favourite 　novelist　(novel)，it must be Mark Twain，one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century. 9．Skills like critical thinking and 　analysis　(analyse) can't be found on the Internet because they must be acquired in the context of facts. 10．Consumers could place smart 　devices　(device) in their homes to monitor energy usage and observe energy price changes in real time. ►[维度2]　固定用法 1．　It　 is widely acknowledged that students should be evaluated in terms of overall quality. 2．　While/When　 waiting there，he saw two pretty girls come out of the building. 3．Since the new president came 　into/to　 power，great changes have taken place in the country.As 　a　 consequence，people are living a much happier life. 4．The foolish leader insisted 　on　 carrying out the foolish plan. 5．He refused 　to　 acknowledge cheating in the exam，but in vain. 6．He had to leave the company and took 　up　 a new position in a factory. 7．We will remain committed 　to　 the path of peaceful development and shoulder more international responsibilities. 8. (2025·全国一卷)　In_　an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase. ►[维度3]　话题写作(投稿类) 假定你是李华，在班级举办的“养成课堂好习惯”的主题活动中，你收获很大。请给校英语报投稿，内容包括： 1．举办活动的原因； 2．你养成某个好习惯的过程； 3．你的收获。 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Form a Good Class Habit ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Form a Good Class Habit The programme “Form a Good Class Habit” launched three months ago has aroused great interest among us students, since then our life has taken on a new dimension. In the past, I always started to get my work done till the last minute. When the programme began， I tried hard to force myself to do everything in time. With the encouragement from the people around me as well as my efforts, everything has changed — I've made significant progress in my studies and made more friends in my class. I'm really grateful for the programme now. 精彩词汇记牢 单句续写运用 a self­possessed person　一个有自制力的人 with the virtue of 具有……的美德 a good­natured man 一个本性善良的人 a cultured woman 一个有教养的女子 be ignorant about/of 对于……一无所知 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①After this event，he made up his mind that he would learn to control his temper and 　be_a_self­possessed_person　. ②After spending an afternoon together in the nursery，Susan found out that Mr.White was actually 　a_good­natured_man　. [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.　n．生物；活物　 2．(2025·全国二卷)．..don't beat yourself up if one(or a few！)doesn't make it.　v. 自责；苛责自己　 3．(2022·全国乙卷)Our young subjects comprehended the questions and knew exactly what was asked of them.　n．实验对象　 4．(2021·新高考卷)His job is to sit beside the pianist and turn the pages of the score so the musician doesn't have to break the flow of sound by doing it themselves.　n．连贯； 流畅　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出sum(up)的含义 A．金额；总数　B．总结；合计　C．总而言之 1．The article summed up the remarkable achievements made in electronic computers，artificial satellites and rockets.　__B__　 2．To sum up，there are three main ways of dealing with the present problem.　__C__　 3．It is important to remember that success is a sum of small efforts made each day and often takes years to achieve.　__A__　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. A dirty stream, for example, often became clear after flowing through plants and along rocks where tiny creatures lived. When he got older, John started to wonder if this process could be used to clean up the messes people were making. After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? Which kinds of fish can eat cancer­causing chemicals? With the right combination of animals and plants, he figured, maybe he could clean up waste the way nature did. He decided to build what he would later call an eco­machine. The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First, he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other. Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals. He placed them in the tanks and waited. Little by little, these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem. After a few weeks, John added the sludge. He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco­machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water. 　　Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse­like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco­machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China. “Ecological design” is the name John gives to what he does. “Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor，” he says. “You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening. Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self­repair.” 1.What can we learn about John from the first two paragraphs？ A.He was fond of traveling. B.He enjoyed being alone. C.He had an inquiring mind. D.He longed to be a doctor. 2.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks？ A.To feed the animals. B.To build an ecosystem. C.To protect the plants. D.To test the eco­machine. 3.What is the author's purpose in mentioning Fuzhou？ A.To review John's research plans. B.To show an application of John's idea. C.To compare John's different jobs. D.To erase doubts about John's invention. 4.What is the basis for John's work？ A.Nature can repair itself. B.Organisms need water to survive. C.Life on Earth is diverse. D.Most tiny creatures live in groups. [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了John Todd从小就很爱思考且好学，长大后他建造了一个生态机器，利用自然可以自我修复的原理来净化污水。 1．C　[细节理解题。根据第一段“When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house, observing how nature solved problems. (当约翰·托德还是个孩子的时候，他喜欢探索房子周围的树林，观察大自然是如何解决问题的。)”以及第二段“After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions. (在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后，约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。)”可知，约翰聪颖好学、好奇心很强。] 2．D　[细节理解题。根据第三段“After a few weeks, John added the sludge.(几个星期后，约翰把污泥加了进去。)”以及倒数第三段“He was amazed at the results. The plants and animals in the eco­machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it! Within weeks, it had all been digested, and all that was left was pure water.(他对结果感到惊讶。生态机器里的动植物把污泥当成了食物，开始吃起来！几周之内，它就被消化了，只剩下纯净的水。)”可知，约翰把污泥放进罐子里为了测试生态机器。] 3．B　[推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Over the years, John has taken on many big jobs. He developed a greenhouse­like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. He also designed an eco­machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.(这些年来，约翰承担了许多重大工作。他开发了一个类似温室的设施，可以处理来自南伯灵顿1 600户家庭的污水。他还设计了一种生态机器来清洁中国东南部城市福州的运河水。)”可推知，作者提到福州的目的是展示约翰想法的应用。] 4．A　[推理判断题。根据最后一段“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what's happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self­repair.(你把生物体放在新的关系中，观察会发生什么。然后让这些新系统自行发展自我修复的方式。)”可知，约翰工作的基础是自然可以自我修复。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．explore the woods　探索森林　 2．solve problems　解决问题　 3．be used to do　被用来做　 4．clean up the messes　清理脏物　 5．combination of animals and plants　动植物结合　 6．remove harmful substances from some sludge　从污泥中除去有害物质　 7．little by little　_逐渐地　 8．take on many big jobs　_承担了很多大型工作项目　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．observe v．　观察　 2．stream n．　小溪　 3．creature n．　_生物　 4．process n．　过程　 5．trap v．　困住　 6．remove v．　_除去　 7．organism n．　有机体　 8．ecosystem n．　生态系统　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．spare A．额外的　 B．避免　 C．业余的　 D．备用的 ①(2025·全国二卷)This approach spared me the discomfort of having to over­explain.　__B__　 ②I have several spare batteries in my house.　__D__　 2．digest A．消化　　　　　B．理解 C．摘要 D．把……分类 ①The organization publishes a digest of statistics.　__C__　 ② Allow your food to digest before exercising.　__A__　 ◆素养提升(文段功能推断) 介绍科技发明的应用文通常包括，描述发明过程段、发明的功效段，甚至实例举证段。本篇文章的实例举证在文章的第几段？有几个？请一一列出。 在第5自然段。共有两个。分别是： (1)He developed a greenhouse­like facility that treated sewage(污水) from 1,600 homes in South Burlington. 　 (2)　He also designed an eco­machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou, a city in southeast China.　 ◆[针对训练]　(2024·全国甲卷，B)Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.For instance, almost all animals have distinct vocals (声音) that they rely on to either ask for help, scare away any dangerous animals or look for shelter.But cats are special creatures who possess amazing vocalization skills.They are able to have entire conversations with humans using meows and you're able to interpret it.If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing to attract attention and find food.However，when a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.Meowing starts as soon as a baby cat is brought to life and uses it to get the mother's attention and be fed. They (cats) are able to have entire conversation with humans using meows...，请举例说明： (1)　If a pet cat is hungry, it will keep meowing...　 (2)　When a cat is looking for affection, they tend to produce stretched and soft meows.　 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $