必修第一册 UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESS（配套教参Word版）-【创新教程】2027年高考英语总复习大一轮讲义（人教版）

该高中英语高考复习讲义聚焦体育与健康话题，整合话题词块、核心词汇（如determination, strength）、句型结构（even if让步状语从句）等高考核心考点，按“词-句-篇”逻辑层次展开。通过考点梳理（词汇辨析、词形转换）、方法指导（倒装句、非谓语动词应用）、真题训练（2023新课标Ⅱ卷语篇分析）等环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破语法和写作难点。 资料突出分层教学与思维品质培养，如核心词汇部分通过“injure/hurt/wound”对比表引导学生精准辨析词义，话题写作提供“Benefits of Exercising Regularly”范文及结构指导，提升语言表达逻辑。设置基础巩固、能力提升、综合应用三级练习，配合即时反馈，有效培养学生语言能力和学习策略，为教师把控复习节奏、提升备考效率提供系统支撑。

话题词块 话题佳句 1.participate in the Walking Contest 参加健步走比赛 2.set a new world record 刷新世界纪录 3.win a gold medal 获得一枚金牌 4.a close game 势均力敌的比赛 5.win the championship 获得冠军 6.take physical exercise 参加体育锻炼 7.nationwide fitness campaign 全民健身运动 8.build up one's strength 强身健体 9.keep fit/healthy 保持健康 10.team spirit 团队精神 1.It is strongly recommended that the school should give students more free time to take part in sports activities. 强烈建议学校给学生们更多的自由时间参加体育活动。 2.I have joined the basketball team，where I not only learn the importance of teamwork but also strengthen my body，which is of great benefit to my mental health as well as physical health. 我加入了篮球队，从中我不但学会了团队合作的重要性，还增强了体质，这对我的身心健康都有很大的好处。 3.After trying it, I found sports beneficial. Not only do sports build up our strength (倒装句)，but also keep us positive. 尝试之后，我发现运动很有益。运动不仅能强身健体，还能使我们保持积极乐观。 [核心词汇——逐点清] 1．honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 (1)have the honour to do sth./of doing sth.有幸做某事 in honour of...向……表示敬意；为纪念…… It is an honour (for sb.)to do...(对某人来说)做某事很荣幸 (2)be/feel honoured to do sth.做某事感到荣幸 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①(2025·浙江1月卷)Sometimes she prepares traditional Brazilian dishes in honour 　of　her native home. ②I have the honour 　to make　(make) a speech to welcome the respected guests. ③ (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)It's been　an　honor to watch the panda programme develop and to see the pandas settle into their new home. ④As your friend，I feel 　honoured　(honour) to be invited to your birthday party. [金句]——完成句子 ⑤(2025·浙江1月卷)I 　am honored to　have my voice heard to make a difference in the lives of those little birds that share our city. 我很荣幸能听到我的声音，为我们城市中那些小鸟的生活带来改变。 2．determination n．决心；决定 (1)with determination　　 坚决地 (2)determine v. 决定；确定；下决心 determine to do...决定做……(表示动作) determine on/upon sth./doing... 决定…… (3)determined adj. 下决心的 be determined to do 决心做(表示状态) [练通]——单句语法填空 ①It was hard work and 　determination　(determine) that got her into medical school. ②(2025·北京卷)　Determined　(determine) to follow my instincts(本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. ③No matter what happens，she has determined 　to tell　(tell) the truth. [金句]——句式升级 ④Because he was determined to look after his parents well，he moved to live with them. →　Determined to look after his parents well　，he moved to live with them.(分词作状语) [润中华]　Only those who have enough courage and determination can get over the difficulty they meet with. 只有那些有足够勇气和决心的人才能克服他们所遇到的困难。 3．injure vt.使受伤；损害 (1)injured adj.　　　　　受伤的；有伤的 the injured 伤员；伤者 (2)injury n. 伤害；损伤 do an injury to sb. 伤害某人 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Unluckily，he 　was injured　(injure) when he was cycling along the valley. ②Once there, Lenoue was assessed and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious 　injuries　(injure)in one of her knees. ③(读后续写之脱困主题描写)They 　removed the injured with such great skills　 (熟练地将伤者移走) and were so cool in the emergency. [辨析]　injure，hurt，wound，harm injure 一般指由于意外或事故而受伤，也可表示损害名誉、自尊等。 hurt 一般用语，既可指肉体上的伤害，也可指精神上的伤害，还可用作不及物动词，意为“疼痛”。 wound 指外伤(如刀伤、枪伤、剑伤等)，尤指在战争、战斗中受伤。 harm 特指伤及一个人或其健康、权利、事业等，并使之痛苦、造成损害等。 [练通]——用injure，hurt，wound，harm的正确形式填空。 ④Don't 　harm　 your eyes by reading in poor light. ⑤Two people have been seriously 　injured　 in a road accident. ⑥I'm really sorry.I didn't mean to 　hurt　 your feelings. ⑦The soldiers got 　wounded　 in the war. ⑧My chest 　hurts　 when I make a deep breath. 4．strength n．力量；体力 (1)build up one's strength　　　增强体质 (2)strengths and weaknesses 优点和缺点 (3)strengthen vt.& vi. 加强；增强 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal 　strengths　(strength)”． ②(2025·全国一卷)Such an inviting column, adopting a “description and guess” approach, must expose everyone to others' characteristics, thus 　strengthening　 (strength) mutual understanding. ③　Knowing my strengths and weaknesses　(了解我的优劣势)too well, I decided to focus on the task of working with the subjects. [辨析]　power，force，energy，strength power 普通用词，泛指一切力量、能力、职权、权力等。 force 指自然界的力量、势力、说服力、压制力、军事的力量等。 energy 多指人工作时焕发出的精力或干劲或自然界的能量。 strength 指机体内部的力气、力量、能力，依靠身体组织而存在的力。 [练通]——用power，force，energy，strength的正确形式填空 ④The teacher often says that knowledge is 　power　. ⑤It took her weeks to regain her　strength　 after illness. ⑥The navy is one of the armed　forces　all over the world. ⑦—You are always full of 　energy　.Can you tell us the secret? —Taking plenty of exercise every day. [金句]——应用文写作 ⑧为了强身健体，我们经常组织各种各样的活动，例如打篮球和乒乓球。 →　To build up our strength　，we often hold all kinds of activities，such as playing basketball and table tennis. 5．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事物) fail v．　　　　　　失败；不及格 fail to do sth. 未做；未履行(某事) fail in 在……方面失败 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①(2025·北京卷)Even my 　failures　(fail) are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad(平台) for my next big achievement. ②He failed 　in　 the exam，which made his parents very angry. ③I don't think the experiment is 　a　 failure，because it has provided us with a valuable experience for future tests. 很多抽象名词都可以具体化，表示与其意义对应的“……的事或人”。你还能举出几个例子吗？ 答案：success；honour；surprise；comfort；relief；shock等。 [润中华]　As a proverb says，failure is the mother of success.Work hard，and you will succeed sooner or later. 正如一句谚语说的那样，失败是成功之母。努力，你迟早会成功的。 6．pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮 pretend to be＋形容词/名词　假装是…… pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 pretend to be doing 假装正在做…… pretend to have done 假装做过…… pretend that... 假装……；谎称…… [练通]——完成句子 ①Sarah 　pretended to be cheerful　(假装很开心)and said nothing about the argument. ②She 　pretended to have known the answer　(假装早就知道答案)to the question. ③He 　pretended to be reading an important paper　(假装正在看一份重要的文件)when the boss entered. pretend 只有一般现在时和一般过去时，其后的动词不定式形式变化多样。你还能举出几个例子吗？ 答案：seem；happen等。 [润中华]　When I am faced with difficulties in my study，I won't pretend to know it，but turn to my classmates or teachers for help. 当我在学习中遇到难题时，我会向同学或老师求助，而不是不懂装懂。 7．make it 获得成功；准时到达 make it to　　　准时到达；赶上 get it 明白了，知道了 [练通]——写出下列句子中make it的含义 ①As long as you have a dream，keep trying and you will make it.　获得成功　 ②The flight leaves in twenty minutes — we'll never make it.　准时到达　 [润中华]　(2025·全国二卷)If you're among the groups of people who are enjoying the mental and physical health benefits of surrounding yourself with plants, don't beat yourself up if one (or a few！) doesn't make it. 如果你属于那些正享受着身处植物环绕之中所带来的身心健康益处的人群，如果一株(或几株！)不能成活，不要自责。 8．lose heart 丧失信心；泄气 lose one's heart to　　　倾心于……；爱上…… put one's heart into 专心于…… heart and soul 全心全意；完全地 learn ...by heart 记忆；背诵 [练通]——用heart的相关短语填空 ①Our Party was founded in 1921，since when she has been serving the people 　heart_and_soul　. ②　Put_your_heart_into　 your work and you will succeed in time. ③I'll never 　lose_heart　 even if I should fail ten times. [金句]——词汇升级 ④You should remember English words.Only in this way can you enlarge your vocabulary. →You should 　learn　 English words 　by_heart　.Only in this way can you enlarge your vocabulary. 9．give up 放弃；投降 give in　　　　　　屈服；投降；呈上；交上 give in to sb. 向某人投降/屈服/让步 give off 放出，发出(光、热、气味等) give away 赠送；丧失(优势)；泄露 give out 用完；耗尽 [练通]——用适当的介、副词填空 ①The children were required to give 　in　 their examination papers immediately. ②(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)When I was about to give 　up　， Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend. ③The rotting bananas are giving 　off　 a bad smell，so you'd better throw them away. ④After two days our food gave 　out　，and we had to return. [金句]——微写作 ⑤他没有向对手屈服，而是靠艰苦的努力完成了任务。 →　Instead_of_giving_in_to_his_opponent　，he completed the task by hard work. 10．make sense 有道理；合乎情理；表达清楚 (1)make no sense　　　　　　没道理；没意义 make sense of 理解；明白 in a sense 从某种意义上来说 in no sense 绝不；一点也不 (2)There is no sense in doing sth.做……没道理 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It doesn't make sense 　to_buy　(buy) the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars. ②There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly 　make_sense_of　 them at all. ③As far as I'm concerned，there is no sense in 　getting　(get) sad about it now. ④(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I 　felt_a_deep_sense_of_peace　 (感到一种深沉的安宁感)as I painted. [点津]　in no sense 置于句首时句子要部分倒装。 [金句]——句式升级 ⑤I in no sense agree with this suggestion. →In no sense　_do_I_agree_with_this_suggestion　.(改为倒装句) 11．compare...with/to...与……比较 compare with...　　　　　与……比较 compare...to... 把……比喻为…… compare notes with sb. 与某人交换意见 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①Scientists sometimes compare the human brain 　with　 a computer. ②Young people are often compared 　to　 the rising sun. ③(2025·浙江1月卷)　Compared　(compare) to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. ④　Comparing　(compare)the two results several times，they finally drew the conclusion. [金句]——微写作 ⑤请不要把你的缺点和他的优点做比较。 →Please don't 　compare_your_disadvantages_with_his_advantages　. 1．compete vi.竞争；对抗 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①No one can compete 　with/against　 them on price in this market. ②The two companies are competing 　for　 a bigger market at the moment. ③More than 1,000 　competitors　 took part in the 　competition　 to compete for the first prize.(compete) ④No one can entirely keep away from the 　competitive　(compete) world. 2．diet n．规定饮食；日常饮食vi.节食 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①He is determined to go 　on　 a diet to lose weight. ②No sugar in my coffee，please; I'm 　dieting　(diet)． ③Don't always eat the same kind of food，because we should have 　a_balanced_diet　(均衡的饮食)． 3．stress n．压力；紧张；重音vt.强调；重读；使焦虑不安 vi.焦虑不安 [练通]——单句语法填空 ①It is necessary to team up with others，especially in such a competitive and 　stressful　(stress) society. ②Obviously，the athlete felt 　stressed　(stress) before the match. ③　Under　 the stress of bad weather the ship had to return to the bay. 子话题1—比赛项目 子话题2—比赛场地 ①diving n．　　　　　　　跳水 ②marathon n. 马拉松 ③badminton n. 羽毛球 ④wrestling 摔跤 ⑤shooting n. 射击 ⑥weightlifting n. 举重 ①court n. 　　　　　　　　球场 ②track n. 跑道 ③lawn；football field 草坪；足球场 ④plastic tracks 塑胶跑道 ⑤ski field 滑雪场 ⑥diving platform 跳台 1．“Sb./Sth. seems/seemed＋不定式”句型，意为“看起来……，好像……” 　In the final seconds of a game, Jordan always seemed to find a way to win. 在一场比赛的最后几秒钟，乔丹似乎总能找到获胜的方法。 (1)seem to do sth.似乎/好像要做某事 seem to be doing sth.似乎/好像正在做某事 seem to have done sth.似乎/好像已经做了某事 (2)It seems (to sb.)that...(在某人看来)似乎…… There seems to be似乎有；好像有 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①The little boy seems 　to_have_read　(read) the novel and knows the delails. ②Actually, everyone may go through a time when things 　seem_to_be_going_wrong　， so there is no need to worry so much. 事实上，每个人都似乎有诸事不顺的一段时间，因此不必太担心。 他的嘴里似乎充满了血，他的眼睛因愤怒而发红。 ③　It_seemed_that_his_mouth_was_full_of_blood　 and his eyes were red with anger.(It seemed that...) ④　His_mouth_seemed_to_be_full_of_blood　 and his eyes were red with anger.(sth. seemed to...) 2．even if 引导让步状语从句 　A soccer player should not pretend to fall down even if it helps his/her team. 足球运动员不应该假装摔倒，即使这对他/她的球队有帮助。 句中even if意为“尽管，即使”，用来引导让步状语从句，可用 even though替换。 [点津]　如果主从句动作都尚未发生，则遵循“主将从现”原则，即主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。 [练通]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Disappointed at the competition，the host won't attend the event，even if 　invited　 (invite)． ②I won't take part in his party 　even_if/though_he_invites_me　(即使他邀请我)． ③(2025·浙江1月卷)The food you have available makes a huge difference.　Even_if_they_don't_eat_it　， they're seeing it. 你手头的食物有很大的不同。即使他们不吃，他们也能看到它。 ④　Even_if/though_he_didn't_want_to_go_there　(即使他不愿意去那里)，his parents still persuaded him to go. ►[维度1]　词形转换 用括号内所给词的适当变形填空 1．When asked whether she would give up，she just gave us a 　determined　(determine) look. 2．The expert got a serious 　injury　(injure) when travelling to his destination city. 3．I feel greatly 　stressed　(stress) before the final exam and can hardly fall asleep. 4．You must think 　positively　(positive) no matter how big a challenge is. 5．　Millions　(million) of soldiers lost their lives in World War Ⅱ. 6．My brother is trying to improve his 　fitness　(fit) by cycling and swimming. 7．The life of a teenager can be very 　stressful　(stress)，especially at the end of a term. 8．The fact is that each of us has our own 　strengths　(strength) and weaknesses. 9．I feel greatly 　honoured　(honour) to be welcomed by the audience. 10．The teenager went 　skiing　(ski)happily with his friends before the holiday was over. ►[维度2]　固定用法 1．He works 　out　 every day and keeps a balanced diet to keep fit. 2．It is amazing 　that　 the athlete has mastered two foreign languages so far. 3．To be honest，the party last night was really 　a　 great failure. 4．Since then，she has competed 　in　 more than 26 marathons，often finishing among the fastest women runners. 5．Compared 　with　 other athletes，he is much more graceful. 6．Even 　if/though　 he faced great challenges in his work，he finally made it. 7．What a teacher says can make 　a　 great difference to a student. 8．The students of Grade Three are working hard，preparing 　for　 the coming examinations. ►[维度3]　话题写作(提纲类) 你校将举行英语作文比赛。请你以“Benefits of Exercising Regularly”为题写一篇短文参赛，内容包括： 1．定期运动的好处； 2．你的建议。 注意：1.词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Benefits of Exercising Regularly ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ [参考范文] Benefits of Exercising Regularly Doing exercise on a regular basis is necessary in our daily life.Everyone benefits from exercising regularly, regardless of age, sex or physical ability.For one thing, not only can regular exercise help us keep a healthy body weight, sleep better and reduce our health risks, but it can strengthen our bones and muscles as well, thus enabling us to build a strong body.For another, exercising regularly helps keep our thinking and judgment sharp as we age.It can also reduce our risk of depression and anxiety. As far as I'm concerned, however busy we are, we should try every means to spare a certain amount of time for exercise.Only in this way can we stay healthy both physically and mentally. 精彩词汇记牢 单句续写运用 gossip v．　　　 　 　　说闲话 　n. 流言蜚语 add v. 补充说 continue v. 继续说道 announce v. 宣布 in a whisper 低声地 with a sigh 叹了一口气 say in an eager way 急切地说 say in one's sharp voice 尖声说 say in a gentle way 温柔地说 用左栏的表达续写下列句子。 ①He told me the beautiful legend 　in_a_whisper.　 ②As he was told that history，he was sad 　with_a_sigh.　 ③She wears traditional Chinese clothes and is not afraid of 　gossip　. ④The teacher explained the long history of China to us，　adding　that we should develop the glorious traditions and make innovation and development. [培优1]　单元知识链高考 一、熟词生义 1．(2021·全国Ⅱ卷)I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a few feet deep.　n．小山　 2．(2025·全国二卷)Determined to turn her life around, Ms Donohue began to work out and follow a healthy lifestyle.　v. 锻炼；健身　 3．(2025·全国一卷)Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长)to champion “New York as a decent place to live, and not just rush through.” Similar campaigns occurred in Australia in the late 1960s and 1970s as well.　 v. 积极倡导　 4．(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I got a good bike and rode a lot.I dreamed of entering cycle races until I flew to San Diego to visit my sister. 　v．报名参加　 二、一词多义——根据语境选出track的含义 A．n.跑道　　　　　　B．n.足迹，踪迹 C．n.轨道 D．vt.追踪 1．Engineers carried out a thorough inspection of the track to ensure the safety of the trains.　 C　 2．The hunter tracked the wolf and managed to catch it.　 D　 3．When Kelly ran around the track, she heard many cheers and kids shouting, “Go Kelly! You can do it！”　 A　 4．We followed the bear's tracks in the snow.　 B　 [培优2]　高考语篇培素养 ◆真题文本 ◆真题再做 　　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race in Minnesota. Melanie Bailey should have 　__1__　the course earlier than she did. Her 　__2__　came because she was carrying a 　__3__　across the finish line. As reported by a local newspaper, Bailey was more than two­thirds of the way through her 　__4__　when a runner in front of her began crying in pain. She 　__5__　to help her fellow runner, Danielle Lenoue. Bailey took her arm to see if she could walk forward with 　__6__　. She couldn't. Bailey then 　__7__　to let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　attention. Once there, Lenoue was 　__9__　and later taken to a hospital, where she learned that she had serious injuries in one of her knees. She would have struggled with extreme 　__10__　to make it to that aid checkpoint without Bailey's help. As for Bailey, she is more 　__11__　about why her act is considered a big 　__12__　. “She was just crying. I couldn't 　__13__　her，” Bailey told the reporter. “I feel like I was just doing the right thing.” Although the two young women were strangers before the 　__14__　， they've since become friends. Neither won the race, but the 　__15__　of human kindness won the day. 1.A.designed　　　　B．followed C.changed D．finished 2.A.delay B．chance C.trouble D．excuse 3.A.judge B．volunteer C.classmate D．competitor 4.A.race B．school C.town D．training 5.A.agreed B．returned C.stopped D．promised 6.A.courage B．aid C.patience D．advice 7.A.went away B．stood up C.stepped aside D．bent down 8.A.medical B．public C.constant D．equal 9.A.interrupted B．assessed C.identified D．appreciated 10.A.hunger B．pain C.cold D．tiredness 11.A.worried B．ashamed C.confused D．discouraged 12.A.game B．problem C.lesson D．deal 13.A.leave B．cure C.bother D．understand 14.A.ride B．test C.meet D．show 15.A.secret B．display C.benefit D．exchange [语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲的是在明尼苏达州举行的一次越野赛中，Melanie Bailey背着另一个参赛者Danielle Lenoue过终点线并接受医疗检查的善行义举。 1．D　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛。A.designed设计；B.followed跟随；C.changed改变；D.finished完成。根据下一段的“carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　attention”可知，Bailey在比赛中背一名参赛者，所以完成比赛晚了，因此句子表示“Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛”。] 2．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。A.delay延误；B.chance机会；C.trouble麻烦；D.excuse借口。根据上文“Melanie Bailey should have 　__1__　the course earlier than she did.”和上一题的解析可知，Melanie Bailey应该更早完成比赛，她的延迟是因为她背着一名竞争对手冲过终点线。] 3．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：她的延迟是因为她背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。A.judge裁判；B.volunteer志愿者；C.classmate同学；D.competitor参赛者。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”可知，她是背着一名参赛者冲过终点线。] 4．A　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：据当地一家报纸报道，当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候，她前面的一名选手开始痛苦地哭泣。A.race比赛；B.school学校；C.town城镇；D.training训练。根据第一段的“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”可知，此处是说“当Bailey跑到比赛的三分之二多的时候”。] 5．C　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：她停下来帮助她的对手Danielle Lenoue。A.agreed同意；B.returned回来；C.stopped停止；D.promised答应。根据下文“to help her fellow runner”可知，她停下来帮助她的对手Danielle Lenoue。] 6．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：Bailey扶着她的胳膊，看看她能否在帮助下向前走。A.courage勇气；B.aid帮助；C.patience耐心；D.advice建议。根据上文“Bailey took her arm”可知，此处表示看她是否能在她的帮助下向前走。] 7．D　[考查动词短语辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.went away离开； B．stood up站起来；C.stepped aside让路；D.bent down弯腰。根据下文“let Lenoue climb onto her back”可知，Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上。] 8．A　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然后Bailey弯下腰，让Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺，到Lenoue接受治疗的地方。A.medical医疗的；B.public公众的；C.constant持续不断的；D.equal平等的。根据上文“began crying in pain”可知，Danielle Lenoue很疼，所以是要接受治疗，medical attention意为“医疗救助”。] 9．B　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lenoue在那里接受了检查，后来被送往医院，在那里她得知自己的一个膝盖受了重伤。A.interrupted打断；B.assessed评估；C.identified识别；D.appreciated感激。根据下文“later taken to a hospital”可知，她是先接受了检查，再被送往医院，也就是先接受评估。] 10．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站。A.hunger饥饿；B.pain疼痛；C.cold感冒；D.tiredness疲劳。根据第5空前的“began crying in pain”可知，此处表示“如果没有Bailey的帮助，她可能会在极度的痛苦中挣扎着到达那个援助检查站”。] 11．C　[考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.worried担心的；B.ashamed惭愧的；C.confused困惑的；D.discouraged泄气的。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑。] 12．D　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：至于Bailey，她更困惑的是为什么她的行为被认为是一件大事。A.game游戏；B.problem问题；C.lesson课；D.deal交易，局面。根据下文“I feel like I was just doing the right thing.”可知，Bailey觉得自己只是做了正确的事情，所以她对她的行为被认为是一件大事感到困惑，a big deal意为“非常重要的事”。] 13．A　[考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不能离开她。A.leave离开；B.cure治愈；C.bother打扰；D.understand理解。根据上文“She was just crying.”以及Lenoue爬到她的背上，一路背着她走到终点线，然后又走了300英尺。可知，Bailey看见Lenoue哭喊，所以觉得不能离开她。] 14．C　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人，但后来她们成了朋友。A.ride短途旅程；B.test测试；C.meet体育比赛；D.show展示。根据第一段“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”及空前的“the two young women were strangers before”可知，当时是一场比赛，句子表示“这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人”。] 15．B　[考查名词词义辨析。句意：两人都没有赢得比赛，但展示出的人类善良赢得了胜利。A.secret秘密；B.display展示；C.benefit利益；D.exchange交换。根据第二段的“let Lenoue climb onto her back and carried her all the way to the finish line, then another 300 feet to where Lenoue could get 　__8__　 attention”可知，Bailey背着一个参赛者过终点，并背她去接受检查，这展示了人类的善良。] ◆素材积累 (一)由文本积累主题词块 1．compete in a cross­country race　参加越野比赛　 2．across the finish line　冲过终点线　 3．more than two­thirds of the way　超过三分之二的路程　 4．walk forward with aid　帮助向前走　 5．climb onto one's back　爬到某人后背上　 6．struggle with extreme pain　在极度的痛苦中挣扎　 7．make it to 　成功到达　 8．neither win the race　都没赢得比赛　 (二)由文本积累阅读词汇 1．fellow n．　同伴　 2．forward adv.　向前　 3．attention n．　注意力　 4．knee n．　膝盖　 5．checkpoint n．　检查站　 6．kindness n．　善良　 7．delay v．　延误　 8．patience n. 　耐心　 9．display v．　展示　 (三)由文本辨熟词生义(将词义对应的字母填到横线上) 1．fellow A．n.同行；同类者　　　　　B．n.研究员 C．n.同事 D．adj.同类的 ①He is popular with his fellow workers.　 C　 ②Joe is a fellow of the Law College.　 B　 2．struggle A．n.奋斗，努力　　　　　　B．n.打架，搏斗 C．v.斗争 D．v.奋力前进 ① After a long struggle, she gained control of the business.　 A　 ②Let's join hands and struggle together.　 C　 ◆素养提升(完形填空之逻辑推理题) 完形填空题的解决，主要有五种方法，每一种方法都离不开语境及上下文。本篇完形填空的语境则采用了虚拟语气，“should have 　__1__　the course earlier than she did”结合下文语境“across the finish line(闯过终点线)”，可推出第1空应填D.finished(完成赛程)，因为使用了虚拟语气(本来该提前完成赛程)，语境暗示“出现了(came)拖延或耽搁”，故推出第2空应填A.delay。 ◆[针对训练]　(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I've been motivated－and demotivated－by other folks' achievements all my life. When I was a teenager, a neighborhood friend 　__1__　 a marathon race.Feeling motivated, I started running regularly, but then two things happened.First, a girl I met one day told me she was training for a “super”， referring to a 52.4­mile double marathon.Then，the next day I went on my longest run－15 miles.To be honest, I 　__2__　 it! Between the girl making my achievemet seem small and the pure boredom of jogging, I decided that the only reason I'd ever run again is if a big dog was running after me! 1．A.knew　　　　　 B．held C．won D．quit 2．A.made B．believed C．hated D．deserved 　 解析：1.C　2.C　[文章第一段为总述，作者一生多次受到激励和鼓舞。根据第一次收到鼓舞的语境，我们可以推出“邻居”肯定“赢”了一场马拉松比赛。故第1题选C。由于语境“To be honest(说实话)”表示转折，精神状态急转直下，文字叙述由高调朝低调发展，故第2题的词汇的发展应转向低落的意义。故选C。] 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $