新人教版暑假单词突破营 DAY 11（对照百词斩每日30词） -2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

暑假单词突破营DAY 11

一、核心词汇（新人教版必修一）

date back to追溯到，远在……年代

bone /bəʊn/ n. 骨头

shell /ʃel/ n. 壳，外壳

symbol /ˈsɪmbl/ n. 象征；符号，标记

carve /kɑːv/ v. 雕刻

dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ n. 王朝，朝代

variety /vəˈraɪəti/ n. 种类；变化，多样性；变体

major /ˈmeɪdʒə/ adj. 主要的；严重的；n. 主修（科目）；主修学生；v. 主修（in）

no matter 无论

dialect /ˈdaɪəlekt/ n. 方言

means /miːnz/ n. 方法，手段（单复数同形）

classic /ˈklæsɪk/ adj. 经典的；n. 经典著作

regard /rɪˈɡɑːd/ v. 把……视为；n. 关注；尊敬

character /ˈkærəktə/ n. 字；角色；品质；特点

calligraphy /kəˈlɪɡrəfi/ n. 笔迹，墨宝，书法

global /ˈɡləʊbl/ adj. 全球的，全世界的

affair /əˈfeə/ n. 事情，事务；事件

appreciate /əˈpriːʃieɪt/ v. 感谢，感激；欣赏

specific /spəˈsɪfɪk/ adj. 具体的；特有的；明确的

CE /ˌsiː ˈiː/ abbr. 公元（=Common Era）

struggle /ˈstrʌɡl/ v. 奋斗，拼搏；n. 斗争；奋斗

tongue /tʌŋ/ n. 舌头；语言，说话方式

point of view 观点，看法

semester /sɪˈmestə/ n. 学期（尤指美国、澳大利亚等国的半学年）

petrol /ˈpetrəl/ n. <英>汽油（美式英语用 gas/gasoline）

subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁（美式英语；英式英语用 underground/tube）

apartment /əˈpɑːtmənt/ n. <美>公寓（英式 flat）

pants /pænts/ pl. 裤子；内裤（美式英语指长裤，英式英语指内裤）

beg /beɡ/ v. 乞求，恳求

equal /ˈiːkwəl/ adj. 平等的；相等的；n. 同等的人；相等物；v. 等于

 

二、高频固定搭配与词族拓展

【核心搭配】

date back to  追溯到（后接时间点）

date from  始于，追溯到（后接时间点）

a variety of  各种各样的（后接复数名词）

varieties of  各种各样的

major in  主修（大学专业）

no matter what/who/where/when/how  无论什么/谁/哪里/何时/怎样

by means of  通过……方式

by all means  当然可以；务必

by no means  绝不，决不

regard ... as ...  把……视为……

with/in regard to  关于，至于

as regards  关于，至于

global warming  全球变暖

foreign affairs  外交事务

appreciate (one‘s) doing  感激（某人）做某事

struggle to do sth  努力做某事，挣扎着做某事

struggle for  为……而斗争

struggle against  与……作斗争

mother tongue  母语

from one’s point of view  从某人的角度来看

beg for  乞求，恳求

beg sb to do sth  恳求某人做某事

be equal to  等于；胜任

equal rights  平等的权利

 

【词形变换】

vary (v.) → variety (n.) → various (adj.) → variously (adv.)

major (adj./n./v.) → majority (n.)

classic (adj./n.) → classical (adj. 古典的，经典的)

regard (v./n.) → regarding (prep. 关于)

global (adj.) → globe (n.) → globalise/globalize (v.) → globalisation (n.)

appreciate (v.) → appreciation (n.) → appreciative (adj.)

specific (adj.) → specifically (adv.) → specification (n.)

struggle (v./n.) → struggling (adj.)

equal (adj./n./v.) → equally (adv.) → equality (n.)

 

三、短文翻译练习（原文三篇，请翻译成中文）

Passage 1 · 汉字文化与历史

Chinese characters are one of the oldest writing systems in the world. They date back to the Shang Dynasty more than 3,000 years ago. The earliest Chinese characters were carved on animal bones and turtle shells. These symbols were used for recording important affairs of the dynasty. Over time, a wide variety of writing styles developed, including the beautiful art of calligraphy. No matter which dynasty you study, you will find that Chinese characters are not just a means of communication but also a symbol of Chinese civilisation. Today, Chinese characters are used not only in China but also in many other countries around the world. Learning Chinese characters can be a struggle for foreign students, but it is also a rewarding experience. From my point of view, the classic works of Chinese literature are worth reading because they reflect the wisdom of our ancestors. I appreciate the beauty of each character and the rich culture behind it. Despite the difficulty, I never give up learning. Regardless of the challenges, I believe that mastering Chinese characters is a lifelong goal.

 

Passage 2 · 语言学习与文化差异

Learning a foreign language is more than just memorising vocabulary and grammar rules. It also involves understanding different cultures and ways of thinking. English, as a global language, has many varieties and dialects. No matter which dialect you learn, you will find that English speakers from different countries have different points of view and attitudes. For example, petrol is the British word for gas, while subway and apartment are American English terms for underground railway and flat. And pants means something quite different in British and American English! In British English, pants refers to underwear, while in American English, it means trousers. These differences can be confusing, but they also make language learning interesting. During my first semester at university, I struggled with these differences. My native English teacher encouraged me to refer to different reference books and compare the specific uses of words in different contexts. She also taught me to appreciate the variety of English and not to regard one dialect as superior to another. She said, “No

matter where you go, the most important thing is to communicate clearly and respect each other’s culture.” Her words left a deep impression on me. From my point of view, learning about these cultural differences makes a difference to our understanding of the world.

 

Passage 3 · 平等与奋斗

In today‘s world, people from different backgrounds are fighting for equal rights and opportunities. No matter what your nationality, sex, or personality is, everyone deserves to be treated with respect. However, the path to equality is not always smooth. Many people struggle against unfair treatment and beg for basic human rights. From my point of view, we should regard every person as equal and appreciate their unique contributions to society. The global community has made great progress in promoting equality, but there is still a long way to go. Despite the ups and downs, we should never lose heart. Every effort counts, and every small step can make a difference. I believe that determination and wisdom are the keys to overcoming difficulties. No matter how difficult the struggle may be, we should keep moving forward and never give up. In summary, equality is not just a dream—it is a goal that we can achieve together. Let us unify our strength and work towards a better future for all.

 

四、选词填空（两组，每组10空，请从各自方框中选择并适当形式填空）

Group A

备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）：

date back to, bone, shell, symbol, carve, dynasty, variety, major, no matter, dialect, means, classic

1. The Great Wall is a __________ of Chinese civilisation.
2. This custom __________ the Tang Dynasty.
3. The artist __________ a beautiful flower on the wood.
4. English is a __________ language spoken in many countries.
5. There are a __________ of reasons for learning a foreign language.
6. The archaeologists found animal __________ at the ancient site.
7. He speaks a local __________ that is hard to understand.
8. The __________ of the Qing Dynasty was a golden age of art.
9. She has read many __________ works of literature.
10. The most convenient __________ of travel is by subway.

Group B

备选词（请选填其中10个，注意时态/语态变化）：
regard, character, calligraphy, global, affair, appreciate, specific, CE, struggle, tongue, point of view, semester, petrol, subway, apartment, pants, beg, equal

11. Chinese __________ is considered a form of art in many cultures.

12. The Spring and Autumn Period began in 770 __________.
13. I really __________ your help with my English homework.
14. The __________ of the main hero in this novel is very complex.
15. The teacher asked us to give a __________ example to support our argument.
16. The new __________ system in the city has made travelling much easier.
17. She lives in a small __________ near the city centre.
18. Don‘t __________ for money; work hard and earn it yourself.
19. All people are born __________ and should have the same opportunities.
20. I __________ him as one of my best friends because he is always honest.

五、单词填空（共15小题，含首字母填空和单句语法填空）

Part A 首字母填空（根据句意及首字母补全单词）

21. Chinese c__________ are not only a means of communication but also works of art.
22. I really a__________ your kindness in helping me with my project.
23. The teacher gave us s__________ instructions on how to do the experiment.
24. She s__________ to finish the work on time despite the heavy workload.
25. English is a g__________ language that connects people from different countries.
26. He r__________ his success to his teacher’s guidance.
27. The two sisters are of e__________ height and weight.
28. The famous c__________ artist showed us how to write Chinese characters beautifully.

Part B 单句语法填空（用所给词的正确形式填空）

29. This is a __________ (variety) of English spoken in Australia.
30. The __________ (major) of students in our class support the new policy.
31. She has a good __________ (appreciate) of classical music.
32. He is struggling __________ (find) a job after graduation.
33. We should regard everyone as __________ (equal), regardless of their background.
34. The __________ (dynasty) of ancient China left many historical treasures.
35. The teacher asked us to write a __________ (summarise) of the article.

六、单词默写（汉译英）