Unit 3 Make it happen！（重难词汇精练）英语外研版新教材八年级上册

**基本信息** 初中英语Unit 3词汇专项训练，通过基础认知、语境应用到语篇综合的三阶递进设计，系统强化词汇理解与运用能力，助力语言能力与学习能力提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇基础练|单词/短语汉译英|孤立词汇认知与互译|从核心词汇（如invent, creative）到短语（如out of, take risks）的基础积累| |词汇语境练|首字母填空/完成句子/词形变化|单句语境中词汇应用|通过语法形式（如词性转换、固定搭配）实现词汇从认知到初步运用| |词汇语篇练|语篇填空/完形填空|段落/语篇层面综合运用|在语篇逻辑中考查词汇的语境适配，提升语言综合运用能力|

Unit 3 Make it happen! 词汇专项过关 参考答案 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 fair n.展览会 condition n.长期疾病 block n.一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物） invent v.发明，创造 artificial adj. 人造的，人工的 creative adj. 有创造力的 3-D adj. 三维的，立体的 inventor n.发明者，发明家 cost v.价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱） widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地 lend v.借给，借出 curiosity n.好奇心 printer n.打印机 talent n.天资，天赋，才能 blind adj. 盲的，失明的 electricity n. 电 weigh v.重，重量是…… lightning n.闪电 kilogram n.千克，公斤 pioneer n.先驱，先锋，创始人 fix v.解决（问题） exploration n.探索；探险；勘探；勘查 download v.下载 test v.试验；检验 apply v.应用，运用 despite prep. 尽管，虽然 machine n.机器 failure n.失败 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 risk n.冒险举动 congratulations n.祝贺的话 keyhole n.锁眼，钥匙孔 advertisement n.广告；启事 drive v.促使 everyday adj. 日常的；平常的；每天的 earthquake n.地震 trouble v.使忧虑，使苦恼 explorer n.探险者；勘察者 imaginative adj. 富有想象力的；创新的 短语 out of 由……（制成） on purpose 故意地，有意地 What's worse 更糟糕的是 by accident 偶然地，意外地 blow sb.away 使某人大为惊讶 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 all the time 一直，始终 invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 lend(sb.) a hand 帮助（某人）做事，（给某人）搭把手 protect...from… 保护…… 免于…… be able to 能够 spend...doing sth. 花费（时间）做某事 one after another 一个接着一个地 take risks 冒险 make money 挣钱 more than 不只是；多于 allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 be curious about… 对…… 感到好奇 at age 在…… 岁时 after all 究竟；毕竟 move around 四处走动 look through 透过…… 看；浏览 lightning rod 避雷针 go on 发生；继续 2、 词汇拓展。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. invention 2. creativity 3. widely 4. curiosity 5. electricity 6. exploration 7. failure 8.warning 9.weight 10. blindness 11. imaginative 12. advertisement 13. inventor 14. explorer 15. unable 一、根据首字母完成单词。 1.Curiosity 2.weighs 3.costs 4.lend 5.fair 6.risks 7.protects 8.purpose 二、根据汉语提示填空。 1.download 2.warn 3.electricity 4.congratulations 5.blocks 6.artificial 7.apply 8.pioneer 三、单项选择。 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.B 8.A 9.B 10.C 四、完成句子。 1.out of 2.What’s worse 3.lend a hand 4.as long as 5.drives; towards 6.spent; in 7.protect; from 8.take risks 五、用所给词适当形式完成句子。 1.inventor 2.explorer 3.curiosity 4.weight 5.failure 6.warning 7.creative 8.widely 一、用方框中所给词汇或短语的正确形式填空，每词只能使用一次。 1. creative 2. by accident 3. electricity 4. invented 5. protect 6. widely 7. pioneer 8. take risks 9. failure 10. as long as 二、阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 1. artificial 2. to lend 3. blocks 4. weighed 5. to give 6. cost 7. invention 8. to make 9. download 10. widely 三、完形填空，阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.A 6.C 7.A 8.B 9.C 10.A $Unit 3 Make it happen! 词汇专项过关 答案解析 词汇基础练 词汇语境练 词汇语篇练 1、 汉译英。 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 n.展览会 n.长期疾病 n.一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物） v.发明，创造 adj. 人造的，人工的 adj. 有创造力的 adj. 三维的，立体的 n.发明者，发明家 v.价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱） adv. 广泛地；普遍地 v.借给，借出 n.好奇心 n.打印机 n.天资，天赋，才能 adj. 盲的，失明的 n. 电 v.重，重量是…… n.闪电 n.千克，公斤 n.先驱，先锋，创始人 v.解决（问题） n.探索；探险；勘探；勘查 v.下载 v.试验；检验 v.应用，运用 prep. 尽管，虽然 n.机器 n.失败 v.警告，告诫；提醒 n.冒险举动 n.祝贺的话 n.锁眼，钥匙孔 n.广告；启事 v.促使 adj. 日常的；平常的；每天的 n.地震 v.使忧虑，使苦恼 n.探险者；勘察者 adj. 富有想象力的；创新的 短语 由……（制成） 故意地，有意地 更糟糕的是 偶然地，意外地 使某人大为惊讶 忘记做某事 和某人握手 鼓励某人做某事 一直，始终 邀请某人做某事 帮助（某人）做事，（给某人）搭把手 保护…… 免于…… 能够 花费（时间）做某事 一个接着一个地 冒险 挣钱 不只是；多于 允许某人做某事 对…… 感到好奇 在…… 岁时 究竟；毕竟 四处走动 透过…… 看；浏览 避雷针 发生；继续 【答案】 英文 中文 英文 中文 单词 fair n.展览会 condition n.长期疾病 block n.一块（指木头、石头等有直边的硬物） invent v.发明，创造 artificial adj. 人造的，人工的 creative adj. 有创造力的 3-D adj. 三维的，立体的 inventor n.发明者，发明家 cost v.价格为，需支付（某一数量的钱） widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地 lend v.借给，借出 curiosity n.好奇心 printer n.打印机 talent n.天资，天赋，才能 blind adj. 盲的，失明的 electricity n. 电 weigh v.重，重量是…… lightning n.闪电 kilogram n.千克，公斤 pioneer n.先驱，先锋，创始人 fix v.解决（问题） exploration n.探索；探险；勘探；勘查 download v.下载 test v.试验；检验 apply v.应用，运用 despite prep. 尽管，虽然 machine n.机器 failure n.失败 warn v.警告，告诫；提醒 risk n.冒险举动 congratulations n.祝贺的话 keyhole n.锁眼，钥匙孔 advertisement n.广告；启事 drive v.促使 everyday adj. 日常的；平常的；每天的 earthquake n.地震 trouble v.使忧虑，使苦恼 explorer n.探险者；勘察者 imaginative adj. 富有想象力的；创新的 短语 out of 由……（制成） on purpose 故意地，有意地 What's worse 更糟糕的是 by accident 偶然地，意外地 blow sb.away 使某人大为惊讶 forget to do sth. 忘记做某事 shake hands with sb. 和某人握手 encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 all the time 一直，始终 invite sb.to do sth. 邀请某人做某事 lend(sb.) a hand 帮助（某人）做事，（给某人）搭把手 protect...from… 保护…… 免于…… be able to 能够 spend...doing sth. 花费（时间）做某事 one after another 一个接着一个地 take risks 冒险 make money 挣钱 more than 不只是；多于 allow sb.to do sth. 允许某人做某事 be curious about… 对…… 感到好奇 at age 在…… 岁时 after all 究竟；毕竟 move around 四处走动 look through 透过…… 看；浏览 lightning rod 避雷针 go on 发生；继续 2、 词汇拓展。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司1 / 5 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. invent → _____________ (n.) 发明（物） 2. create → _____________ (n.) 创造力 3. wide → _____________ (adv.) 广泛地；普遍地 4. curious → _____________ (n.) 好奇心 5. electricity → _____________ (adj.) 电的；用电的 6. explore → _____________ (n.) 探索；探险； 7. fail → _____________ (n.) 失败 8. warn → _____________ (n.) 警告，告诫； 9. weigh → _____________ (n.) 重量 10. blind → _____________ (n.) 失明 11. imagine → _____________ (adj.) 富有想象力的；创新的 12. advertise → _____________ (n.) 广告；启事 13. invent → _____________ (n.) 发明者，发明家 14. explore → _____________ (n.) 探险者 15. able → _____________ (adj.) 不能的 【答案】 1. invention 2. creativity 3. widely 4. curiosity 5. electricity 6. exploration 7. failure 8.warning 9.weight 10. blindness 11. imaginative 12. advertisement 13. inventor 14. explorer 15. unable 一、根据首字母完成单词。 1. C___________ drives many scientists to try new ideas and make inventions. 2. The robot arm w___________ only half a kilo, so kids can wear it easily. 3. The new machine c___________ less than 500 dollars, so it’s cheap for families. 4. Please l___________ me a hand if you have trouble fixing the 3-D printer. 5. Many young inventors show their works at the science f___________ every year. 6. Don’t take unnecessary r___________ when you test your new invention. 7. The lightning rod p___________ houses from being hit by lightning. 8. He didn’t do it on p___________; it was completely by accident. 【答案】 1.Curiosity 2.weighs 3.costs 4.lend 5.fair 6.risks 7.protects 8.purpose 二、根据汉语提示填空。 1. You can ___________ （下载） the design and print an artificial arm at home. 2. The smart stick can ___________ （警告） blind people of objects ahead. 3. He spent many years doing research on ___________ （电） and lightning. 4. Many ___________ （祝贺） to you for winning the invention competition! 5. His new machine is made of plastic ___________ （积木） and fishing line. 6. It’s an ___________ （人造的） arm instead of a real human arm. 7. You must ___________ （应用） your ideas to real life to make them work. 8. The ___________ （先驱） of space exploration lost his life testing his invention. 【答案】 1.download 2.warn 3.electricity 4.congratulations 5.blocks 6.artificial 7.apply 8.pioneer 三、单项选择。 ( )1. —Who designed this helpful robotic arm? —A young ___________ named Leo. His amazing ___________ helps lots of disabled kids. A. invent; invention B. inventor; invention C. invention; inventor D. invent; inventor 【答案】B 【解析】invent是动词“发明”；inventor指人“发明者”；invention指物“发明物”。第一空指人用inventor，第二空指发明的产品用invention。 ( )2. The smart walking stick can send signals to ___________ people when walls are in front of them. A. blind B. artificial C. risky D. widely 【答案】A 【解析】blind意为“失明的”；artificial“人造的”；risky“有风险的”；widely是副词“广泛地”。智能导盲杖是给盲人使用，blind people符合语境。 ( )3. My new 3-D printer ___________ about two kilos and doesn’t take up much space. A. weight B. weighs C. weighted D. weighing 【答案】B 【解析】weigh是动词“重量为……”，主语printer为单数，一般现在时动词用三单weighs；weight是名词“重量”；weighted为过去式；weighing不能单独作谓语。 ( )4. His strong ___________ about science pushed him to spend all his free time making new machines. A. talent B. curiosity C. condition D. failure 【答案】B 【解析】curiosity意为“好奇心”；talent“天赋”；condition“身体状况”；failure“失败”。对科学强烈的好奇心驱使他创造发明，curiosity贴合单元主题。 ( )5. The shop will ___________ you the tools for free if you promise to return them in a week. A. lend B. cost C. fix D. warn 【答案】A 【解析】lend sb. sth. 表示“借给某人某物”；cost主语是物品，意为“花费”；fix“修理”；warn“警告”。此处商店免费出借工具，lend符合句意。 ( )6. This ___________ material feels just like real skin, so the artificial arm looks natural. A. everyday B. creative C. artificial D. imaginative 【答案】C 【解析】artificial意为“人造的”；everyday“日常的”；creative“有创造力的”；imaginative“富有想象力的”。句中修饰假肢材料，artificial material人造材料匹配后文artificial arm。 ( )7. We saw many new machines and inventions at the science ___________ last Friday. A. lightning B. fair C. exploration D. keyhole 【答案】B 【解析】science fair固定搭配，意为“科技展览会”；lightning“闪电”；exploration“探索”；keyhole“锁眼”，均不符合搭配。 ( )8. Don’t fear ___________. Every great inventor learns much from mistakes. A. failure B. electricity C. risk D. warning 【答案】A 【解析】failure意为“失败”；electricity“电”；risk“风险”；warning“警告”。后文“从错误中学习”对应不要害怕失败。 ( )9. This small machine can ___________ your design from the computer and print it out. A. apply B. download C. drive D. test 【答案】B 【解析】download意为“下载”；apply“应用”；drive“驱使”；test“测试”。机器从电脑下载图纸再打印，download符合语境。 ( )10. The ___________ of modern light makes our daily life much easier than before. A. pioneer B. printer C. electricity D. kilogram 【答案】C 【解析】electricity意为“电”；pioneer“先驱”；printer“打印机”；kilogram“千克”。电灯依靠电力，电让生活更便利。 四、完成句子。 1. 他用塑料积木和渔线制作了机械手臂。 He built the robotic arm ___________ ___________ plastic blocks and fishing line. 2. 更糟糕的是，旧假肢价格高达八万美元。 ___________ ___________, the old artificial arm cost as much as 80,000 dollars. 3. 我一定要向有需要的人伸出援手。 I must ___________ ___________ ___________ to people in need. 4. 只要你坚持尝试，没有什么事是不可能的。 Nothing is impossible ___________ ___________ you keep trying. 5. 好奇心促使人们朝着自己的目标不断前进。 Curiosity ___________ people ___________ their own goals. 6. 他花费数年时间研究天地，终于画出第一张星图。 He ___________ years ___________ studying the sky and the earth. 7. 这项发明可以保护建筑物免受雷击。 This invention can ___________ buildings ___________ lightning. 8. 不要害怕冒险，失败是成功之母。 Don’t be afraid to ___________ ___________; failure is the mother of success. 【答案】 1.out of 2.What’s worse 3.lend a hand 4.as long as 5.drives; towards 6.spent; in 7.protect; from 8.take risks 五、用所给词适当形式完成句子。 1. The great ___________ (invent) Easton made a cheap artificial arm for disabled kids. 2. Every ___________ (explore) needs strong curiosity to discover new things. 3. His ___________ (curious) about space made him create a "flying chair". 4. The ___________ (weigh) of the new robot arm is only 0.5 kilograms. 5. Don’t be afraid of ___________ (fail), failure teaches us valuable lessons. 6. This ___________ (warn) system can protect buildings from lightning. 7. We should use our ___________ (create) minds to solve daily problems. 8. This story is ___________ (wide) known among young inventors. 【答案】 1.inventor 2.explorer 3.curiosity 4.weight 5.failure 6.warning 7.creative 8.widely 一、用方框中所给词汇或短语的正确形式填空，每词只能使用一次。 wide, invent, create, fail, protect, electricity, pioneer, by accident, take risks, as long as The Power of Curiosity Many life-changing inventions come from people’s curiosity. A 1.________ mind is the key quality of every great inventor. Most scientists study nature because they feel curious about unknown secrets, while some useful creations appear 2.________ without careful plans. Benjamin Franklin was crazy about 3.________. He did many dangerous tests and finally 4.________ the lightning rod. The tool can 5.________ buildings from lightning. Up to now, it is still 6.________ used all over the world. Wan Hu, a brave Chinese 7.________ of space exploration, wanted to fly into the sky. He was ready to 8.________ to achieve his dream and suffered a terrible 9.________ in his test. However, his story inspires later scientists. They all hold the belief that nothing is impossible 10.________ we stick to exploration. 1. creative 【答案解析】空格后为名词mind，需形容词修饰；create为动词，形容词形式creative表示“有创造力的”，a creative mind 富有创造力的头脑，符合语境。 2. by accident 【答案解析】固定短语，意为“偶然地”；句子表示有些发明并非精心规划，而是偶然出现，与后文without careful plans呼应，短语固定不变形。 3. electricity 【答案解析】固定搭配research on electricity 电学研究；electricity是不可数名词，意为“电”，富兰克林的研究对象是电，直接使用原形。 4. invented 【答案解析】本句讲述过去的实验，时态为一般过去时；invent动词“发明”，过去式invented，此处指他发明了避雷针，invent全程只使用一次。 5. protect 【答案解析】情态动词can后接动词原形；固定搭配protect...from... 保护……免受……，此处指避雷针保护建筑物免遭雷击。 6. widely 【答案解析】修饰动词used需要副词；wide形容词“宽的”，副词形式widely，be widely used 被广泛使用，固定搭配。 7. pioneer 【答案解析】pioneer名词“先驱”，a Chinese pioneer of space exploration 中国太空探索先驱，前面有a，使用单数原形。 8. take risks 【答案解析】固定短语，be ready to do sth. 准备好做某事，to后接动词原形；take risks 冒险，指万户愿意为梦想冒险。 9. failure 【答案解析】形容词terrible后接名词；fail动词“失败”，名词形式failure，a terrible failure 一次惨痛的失败。 10. as long as 【答案解析】引导条件状语从句的固定短语，意为“只要”；句意：只要我们坚持探索，一切皆有可能，短语无需变形。 二、阅读短文，用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空，每词限用一次。 When Easton LaChappelle was 14, he took part in a science fair and met Jenny. Jenny was born without an arm, and her old 1.______ (artificial) arm cost a huge sum of money. What’s worse, as kids grow fast, they need new arms all the time. This made Easton’s heart shocked, and he decided 2.______ (lend) a hand to children like Jenny. At home, he turned his bedroom into a lab. He used plastic 3.______ (block) and fishing line to make his first robotic arm. On his sixteenth birthday, he got a 3-D printer. With this machine, he made a new artificial arm, but it 4.______ (weigh) 3.6 kilograms. It was too heavy for little kids to carry. He refused 5.______ (give) up and spent years fixing all kinds of problems. Finally, at age 23, his new design only weighed 0.5 kilos and 6.______ (cost) around 500 dollars. This great 7.______ (invent) brought hope to thousands of disabled children. Easton never wanted 8.______ (make) money from his design. He uploaded all the files online for free. People can 9.______ (download) the design and print artificial arms with their own 3-D printers. This simple technology can 10.______ (wide) help poor families around the world. 1. artificial 【答案解析】空格修饰名词arm，需要形容词，artificial本身是形容词，意为“人造的”，artificial arm 假肢，直接用原形。 2. to lend 【答案解析】固定搭配decide to do sth. 决定做某事，因此lend要变为不定式to lend。 3. blocks 【答案解析】block是可数名词，前面无单数限定词，结合语境“塑料积木”用复数形式blocks。 4. weighed 【答案解析】全文讲述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，weigh的过去式为weighed。 5. to give 【答案解析】固定搭配refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事，give使用不定式to give。 6. cost 【答案解析】and连接并列谓语，时态与前面weighed保持一致，用一般过去时；cost过去式还是cost。 7. invention 【答案解析】形容词great后需名词，invent是动词，名词形式invention表示“发明物”，作句子主语。 8. to make 【答案解析】固定搭配want to do sth. 想要做某事，make变为不定式to make。 9. download 【答案解析】情态动词can后面必须跟动词原形，因此直接用download。 10. widely 【答案解析】空格修饰动词help，要用副词；wide是形容词，副词形式widely，意为“广泛地”。 三、完形填空，阅读短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳答案。 Many blind people have trouble moving around alone. They often knock into walls or things on the road. A 17-year-old Indian boy called Shantanu had a strong 1.______ about this problem and decided to create a useful machine. He knew common walking sticks could not 2.______ users of hidden objects. So he spent months doing tests. He used small electronic parts to make an 3.______ smart stick. This tool can sense things nearby and shake to send signals to blind people. At first, his first stick 4.______ nearly two kilos. It was too heavy to carry. He didn’t fear 5.______ and kept improving his work. Every day he tried to 6.______ new technology into his design to cut down its weight. Soon his new stick only weighed 0.4 kilos and just 7.______ less than 20 dollars. Shantanu showed his work at a science 8.______ and won much praise. Lots of people sent him warm 9.______ for his great creation. Shantanu shared all his plans online for free. Any family can 10.______ the design and make a smart stick with simple tools to help blind people. ( ) 1. A. kilogram B. curiosity C. warning D. electricity ( ) 2. A. warn B. lend C. fix D. download ( ) 3. A. everyday B. risky C. artificial D. blind ( ) 4. A. cost B. weighed C. protected D. risked ( ) 5. A. failure B. success C. invention D. exploration ( ) 6. A. drive B. explore C. apply D. test ( ) 7. A. cost B. weighed C. lent D. fixed ( ) 8. A. keyhole B. fair C. lightning D. rod ( ) 9. A. conditions B. explorers C. congratulations D. inventors ( ) 10. A. download B. invent C. test D. explore 1. B 【答案解析】curiosity为名词，意为“好奇心”；kilogram千克，warning警告，electricity电。句子表达男孩对这个难题充满强烈好奇心，才决定发明工具，只有curiosity符合语境。 2. A 【答案解析】固定搭配warn sb. of sth. 提醒某人当心某物；lend借出，fix修理，download下载。普通导盲杖无法提醒使用者前方障碍物，warn匹配句意与固定搭配。 3. C 【答案解析】artificial形容词，意为“人造的、人工制作的”；everyday日常的，risky有风险的，blind失明的。此处修饰自制智能手杖，artificial贴合单元发明主题。 4. B 【答案解析】weigh动词表示“重量为……”，文章整体为过去时态，用过去式weighed；cost花费，protect保护，risk冒险。后文two kilos是重量，因此选weighed。 5. A 【答案解析】failure名词“失败”；success成功，invention发明物，exploration探索。句意为他不害怕失败，坚持改良作品，failure符合上下文逻辑。 6. C 【答案解析】固定搭配apply...into... 把……运用到……；drive驱使，explore探索，test测试。他尝试把新技术运用到设计中减轻重量，apply符合搭配与句意。 7. A 【答案解析】cost表示“花费（金钱）”，过去式仍为cost；weigh称重，lend借出，fix修理。后文less than 20 dollars是价格，因此用cost。 8. B 【答案解析】固定短语science fair科技展览会；keyhole锁眼，lightning闪电，rod金属杆。他在科技展上展示自己的发明，fair为固定搭配词汇。 9. C 【答案解析】congratulations名词“祝贺、称赞”；condition状况，explorer探险家，inventor发明者。大家为他的发明送上祝贺，congratulations贴合语境。 10. A 【答案解析】download动词“下载”；invent发明，test测试，explore探索。人们可以在网上下载设计图纸自制手杖，download是单元核心词汇，匹配句子场景。 $