Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 感叹句和名词的数（核心语法精练）英语新教材人教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 以“口诀+巧记”系统整合感叹句与名词数语法点，构建“概念-规则-应用”三阶训练体系，强化语言能力与思维品质。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|2大语法点|感叹句“去主谓定末尾”口诀；名词数“规则变化巧学妙记”|从功能定义到结构分类，再到特殊情形，形成“概念生成-规则推导-例外处理”链条| |考点夯基|单项选择15题、单词拼写10题、完成句子10题|名词复数“有生命o加es”等记忆口诀；感叹句what/how速判技巧|针对基础考点设题，覆盖可数/不可数名词用法、感叹句句式转换等核心考法| |综合提升|语法选择1篇、短文填空2篇|语法知识在语篇中的综合运用策略|通过语篇语境整合语法点，考查知识迁移与实际语言运用能力|

Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心语法精练 （感叹句和名词的数） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4 三、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、感叹句的用法 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 二、名词的数 一、可数名词 定义：可以按个数计算的名词，叫可数名词。 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 注意：可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜 ① 指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式,在名词直接加a或an ，表示一个:a banana ② 指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式: 其复数形式在词尾加-s/es(特殊情况除外) two bananas 名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 【巧学妙记】 (一) 规则变化： 　　1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 　 　book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days 　 2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 　　 bus → buses glass → glasses box → boxes 　　 dish → dishes watch → watches 　　3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es 　　 city → cities body → bodies factory → factories 　　4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为ves half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5.以o 结尾的名词，有生命的加es，没生命的加s tomato — tomatoes ,potato— potatoes photo — photos radio--radios 【注】以o 结尾的名词，加es 的有 【记】 黑人（Negro → Negroes） 英雄 （hero →heroes ） 爱吃土豆（Potato → potatoes） 和西红柿 （tomato →tomatoes） 【注】以o 结尾的名词，加s 的有 【记】 我听广播(radio→ radios)， 也看到电视录像( video→ videos)， 说动物园( zoo→ zoo)里的袋鼠(kangaroo→ kangaroos) 弹着钢琴(piano→ pianos)吸引游客来照相 （二） 不规则变化 【单复数同形】： 1.sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形　 2. people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数； 【单复数不同形】： 1. child → children 2. man → men woman → women policeman → policemen (规律：man → men) 3. foot → feet tooth → teeth 二、不可数名词： （一） 定义：不能按个数来计算的名词，叫不可数名词。 注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词 ＋ 计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶 （二）、 不可数名词的用法： 1.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能和a/an连用； 2. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 The food is very fresh.　食品很新鲜。 不可数名词表示量的概念，有两种方式： （1）用much, a little , a lot of/ lots of. some , any 等表示多少 I don’t want any advice, I want some information (2) 用a piece of 这类短语： a bottle of orange, a glass of water/milk, a cup of tea. 如果要表示“两杯茶” “三杯水”等概念时，在容器后加复数 注意： 可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。 some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。 一、单项选择 1．— ________ special advertisement it is! — Yes. It catches people’s eye at once with its funny words. A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 2．________ exciting news! We have won the game. A．What an B．What C．How D．How an 3．—Look! Someone is singing over there. —Wow! ________ beautiful voice she has! A．How B．What C．What a 4．—________ hard-working girl Emma is! —Yes. I’m sure she’ll pass the test. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 5．—What ________ interesting film! —Yes! I like it very much. A．a B．an C．the 6．________ good advice he gave me! A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 7．________ delicious the homemade noodles are! My mom is really good at cooking. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 8．—What ________ awful weather it is! We can’t go on a picnic. —Yes, but I love ________ air after it rains. It smells so fresh. A．an; the B．/; the C．/; an D．an; / 9．What ________ amazing smell it is! A．a B．the C．an D．/ 10．________ it seems to cook stir-fried eggs and tomatoes! A．How simply B．What simple C．What simply D．How simple 11．—________ interesting movie it is! Let’s go to the theater. —Great idea. Let’s go. A．How B．How a C．What an D．What a 12．________ clever he is! I like your new friend. A．How B．What C．What an 13．________ exciting movie it is! I want to watch it again. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 14．—________ fine day today! Why not go hiking? —Good idea! A．What B．What a C．How an D．How 15．—What else do we need to make the milkshake, Mum?        —We need ________. A．two cup of milks B．two cups of milk C．two cup of milk 16．You should put ________ and a cup of yogurt into the blender. A．two teaspoon of sugar B．a teaspoon of sugar C．two teaspoons of sugars D．a teaspoon of sugars 17．Can you give me ________ on it? A．some pieces of advicesB．any piece of advicesC．any piece of advice D．some pieces of advice 18．—Can you give me some ________ on my math exam? —Be careful and you can make ________ mistakes. A．advice; less B．advice; fewer C．advices; fewer D．advices; less 19．—Can I help you, sir? —I’d like to have two ________. I want to write some words. A．piece of paper B．pieces of paper C．pieces of papers D．piece of papers 20．Add ________ to the soup. A．two spoons of salt B．two spoons of salts C．two spoon of salt 二、单词拼写 21．Those ________ saved many families from the fire last month. (fireman) 22．________ (wolf) often work in groups in the wild. 23．The library has plenty of useful ________ (dictionary) for students. 24．I watched some cooking ________ to learn how to make a cake. (video) 25．Here are ________ (photo) of me and my twin sister, Liu Yun. 26．They saw two ________ (mouse) looking for food in the kitchen. 27．Many ________ (university) have online courses for students every year. 28．The dentist said I had two bad __________ (tooth). 29．There are many outdoor ________ in spring, such as playing basketball, having a picnic and so on. (activity) 30．He had to wear two ________ (scarf) against the cold. 三、完成句子 31．The flowers smell very good. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ the flowers smell! 32．小女孩躲在妈妈身后，她多害羞啊！ The little girl hid behind her mother. ________ ________ she was! 33．未来的生活将会是多么便捷啊！ ________ ________ the future life will be! 34．多么开心的一个节日啊！ ________ ________ happy holiday it is! 35．They are lucky to have such a good teacher. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ they are to have such a good teacher! 36．看，汤姆现在多健康啊！ Look, ________ ________ Tom is now! 37．看，好精彩的表演和音乐会！ Look, ________ ________ shows and music concerts they are! 38．蛋糕足够供这里的每个人吃。 There are ________ ________ for everyone here. 39．首先，把一些黄油放在一片面包上。 First, put ________ ________ on a piece of bread. 40．We prepared two cups of yogurt to make the fruit salad yesterday. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________  yogurt did you prepare to make the fruit salad yesterday? 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题3个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卷上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Some food is very delicious, but sometimes it may make people in great danger. One day, three men were in a hospital, feeling tired and weak. It’s hard for them 1 and breathe (呼吸). The doctors couldn’t find out what was wrong 2 them. At last, they found the three men had just shared 3 dish of pufferfish (河豚). Pufferfish is one of 4 fish in the ocean. It gets its name from the way the fish protects 5 from enemies (敌人). Whenever it is attacked, the fish can be over twice its normal size! The pufferfish 6 also very poisonous (有毒的). As a rule, 7 you eat a whole pufferfish, probably you will die. 8 , the three men survived (幸存). Although pufferfish is poisonous, it’s expensive 9 welcomed by many people. However, because of the danger, pufferfish can only be prepared by cooks who are trained to remove the poisonous parts of the fish. In fact, because of its good taste, it has been popular since the Song Dynasty. Our great poet Su Shi was one of its 10 . However, we should always remember that food safety comes first! 1．A．to speak B．speaking C．spoke 2．A．for B．with C．of 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．strange B．stranger C．the strangest 5．A．its B．it C．itself 6．A．was B．is C．will be 7．A．if B．though C．till 8．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily 9．A．so B．and C．but 10．A．fan B．fans C．fanes 二、短文填空 Hunan is a special Chinese restaurant in London. It is famous because it does not have a real menu. This restaurant 1 (serve) creative Chinese food. Michael Peng runs Hunan now. He took 2 the restaurant from his father in 1999. His father opened the restaurant in 1982. He wanted 3 (introduce) Chinese food to London. At first, he focused on Hunan dishes. Later, he 4 (add) dishes from other places in China. 5 is the most special part of Hunan? It’s the “Leave it to us” menu. When you sit down, you just tell the waiter your food dislikes. Then, you can relax and wait 6 the delicious meal to arrive. This idea was unusual in 7 1980s but is now popular. Michael chooses the ingredients 8 (careful). For example, he buys fresh seafood directly from fishermen. His dishes are simple but of high quality. Running Hunan is 9 (challenge). Customers must trust the cooks to choose dishes for their meals. Sometimes, there is an 10 (argue), but Hunan’s good food and friendly service have brought in many customers. Michael works hard to keep the restaurant’s special dining experience alive (继续存在). 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Fuchsia Dunlop was born in Oxford, the UK. When she was young, she dreamed of 1 (become) a cook. In 1994, she came to Sichuan, China, and finally 2 (achieve) her dream. At first, Dunlop learned history at 3 university in Chengdu. Then, she spent three months learning cooking in a cooking school. Dunlop often communicated 4 cooks from different restaurants. After talking with them, she liked writing down recipes in her notebook. “There are so many wonderful things about Chinese food. They are 5 (value) to me,” she said. As time went by, Dunlop’s love for Chinese food grew 6 (strong) and deeper. In 2001, she wrote her first book Sichuan Cookery. It was known as one of the top ten cookbooks of all time. Dunlop hoped to build a bridge between Sichuan food 7 people in Western countries. At the same time, she continued learning about different dishes in other areas in China. Later, Dunlop learned that almost every dish has a special 8 (mean) and story behind it. To better understand the history and culture of Chinese food, she began to read Chinese 9 (classic). After many years of study, in 2016, Dunlop wrote another book about Jiangnan food called Land of Fish and Rice. When she introduces Chinese dishes in the book, she tells some related stories. She also encourages people to eat 10 (healthy) besides enjoying delicious food. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 What a Delicious Meal! 核心语法精练 （感叹句和名词的数） 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、单项选择 3 二、用所给单词的正确形式填空 4 三、完成句子 7 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 一、感叹句的用法 用来表达喜悦、愤怒、悲哀、惊奇等不同的感情色彩。一般用 what 或 how 引导。 What what 引导的感叹句中心词为名词 1. What + a/an + 形容词 + 可数名词单数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What a cute girl (she is）！ / What an interesting story(it is)! 2. What + 形容词 + 可数名词复数（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What beautiful flowers (these are)！ 3. What + 形容词 + 不可数名词（+ 主语 + 谓语）！ What fine weather it is today！ How how 引导的感叹句中心词为形容词或副词 1. How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分！ How lovely the cat is！/ How hard she works！ 2. How + 主语 + 谓语！ How time flies！ 做题口诀 去主谓 定末尾 名词what 形副 how a/an 出现要注意 形名相连就用 what 形名不连就用 how how a / how an 永不选 副词只能用 how 二、名词的数 一、可数名词 定义：可以按个数计算的名词，叫可数名词。 可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。 注意：可数名词可以用具体的数词来修饰，也可以用“数词＋计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 可数名词的复数形式”来表示。如：three apples三个苹果；two bags of watermelons两袋西瓜 ① 指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式,在名词直接加a或an ，表示一个:a banana ② 指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式: 其复数形式在词尾加-s/es(特殊情况除外) two bananas 名词由单数形式变成复数形式的规则如下： 【巧学妙记】 (一) 规则变化： 　　1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s 　 　book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days 　 2. 以s, x, sh, ch 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 　　 bus → buses glass → glasses box → boxes 　　 dish → dishes watch → watches 　　3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es 　　 city → cities body → bodies factory → factories 　　4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为ves half → halves leaf → leaves knife → knives wife → wives 5.以o 结尾的名词，有生命的加es，没生命的加s tomato — tomatoes ,potato— potatoes photo — photos radio--radios 【注】以o 结尾的名词，加es 的有 【记】 黑人（Negro → Negroes） 英雄 （hero →heroes ） 爱吃土豆（Potato → potatoes） 和西红柿 （tomato →tomatoes） 【注】以o 结尾的名词，加s 的有 【记】 我听广播(radio→ radios)， 也看到电视录像( video→ videos)， 说动物园( zoo→ zoo)里的袋鼠(kangaroo→ kangaroos) 弹着钢琴(piano→ pianos)吸引游客来照相 （二） 不规则变化 【单复数同形】： 1.sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形　 2. people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数； 【单复数不同形】： 1. child → children 2. man → men woman → women policeman → policemen (规律：man → men) 3. foot → feet tooth → teeth 二、不可数名词： （一） 定义：不能按个数来计算的名词，叫不可数名词。 注意：不可数名词没有复数形式，表示量时用“数词 ＋ 计量名词 ＋ of ＋ 不可数名词”结构。如：a cup of milk一杯牛奶 （二）、 不可数名词的用法： 1.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能和a/an连用； 2. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 The food is very fresh.　食品很新鲜。 不可数名词表示量的概念，有两种方式： （1）用much, a little , a lot of/ lots of. some , any 等表示多少 I don’t want any advice, I want some information (2) 用a piece of 这类短语： a bottle of orange, a glass of water/milk, a cup of tea. 如果要表示“两杯茶” “三杯水”等概念时，在容器后加复数 注意： 可数名词的量可以用how many提问；不可数名词的量可以用how much提问。 some，any，a lot of，lots of等既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词。 一、单项选择 1．— ________ special advertisement it is! — Yes. It catches people’s eye at once with its funny words. A．What B．How C．What a D．What an 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这是一个多么特别的广告啊！——是的。它用有趣的词语立刻吸引了人们的眼球。 中心词advertisement是可数名词单数，应用What引导感叹句，且special以辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。根据“What + a/an + 形容词 + 名词单数 + 主谓”结构可知。应填What a。 2．________ exciting news! We have won the game. A．What an B．What C．How D．How an 【答案】B 【详解】句意：多么令人兴奋的消息啊！我们赢了比赛。 感叹句的中心词是名词news，应用What引导；news是不可数名词，前面不能用不定冠词a/an修饰。 3．—Look! Someone is singing over there. —Wow! ________ beautiful voice she has! A．How B．What C．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：—看！有人在那边唱歌。—哇。她拥有多么美妙的嗓音啊。 英语中感叹句主要有两种常见表达方式：“What+(a/an)+形容词+名词+主谓！”​主要用来感叹名词、“How+形容词/副词+主谓！”主要用来感叹形容词或副词。本题中感叹句的中心词是名词voice，且为单数可数名词，应用What引导，需加冠词a。故选C。 4．—________ hard-working girl Emma is! —Yes. I’m sure she’ll pass the test. A．What a B．What C．How D．How a 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——Emma是一个多么勤奋的女孩啊！——是的。我相信她会通过考试的。 中心词是名词“girl”，为单数可数名词，应用What引导，结构为“What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语”，“hard-working”以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a，应填What a。 5．—What ________ interesting film! —Yes! I like it very much. A．a B．an C．the 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——多么有趣的一部电影啊！——是的！我非常喜欢它。 a用于辅音音素开头的单词前；an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表示特指。此处为感叹句“What an interesting film!”，interesting以元音音素/ɪ/开头，应用不定冠词an。 6．________ good advice he gave me! A．What a B．What C．How a D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他给了我多好的建议啊！ What a后接可数名词单数；What后接不可数名词或可数名词复数；How a语法错误；How后接形容词或副词。中心词“advice”是不可数名词，前面不能加冠词a/an；感叹句修饰名词短语应用What引导，结构为What +形容词+不可数名词+主谓！。 7．________ delicious the homemade noodles are! My mom is really good at cooking. A．What B．How C．What a D．How a 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这手工面条太美味了！我妈妈真的很擅长做饭。 What引导感叹句后接名词；How引导感叹句后接形容词/副词；What a后接单数可数名词；How a搭配错误。delicious是形容词，需用How引导感叹句，符合语境。 8．—What ________ awful weather it is! We can’t go on a picnic. —Yes, but I love ________ air after it rains. It smells so fresh. A．an; the B．/; the C．/; an D．an; / 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——天气太糟糕了！我们不能去野餐了。——是的，但是我喜欢雨后的空气。它闻起来很新鲜。 第一空所在句是感叹句，其结构为“What + 形容词 + 不可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”，weather为不可数名词，其前不用冠词修饰；根据“after it rains”可知，第二空特指雨后的空气，应用定冠词the修饰。 9．What ________ amazing smell it is! A．a B．the C．an D．/ 【答案】C 【详解】句意：多么令人惊叹的气味啊！   a修饰辅音音素开头的单词；the表特指；an修饰元音音素开头的单词；/零冠词。这是一个感叹句，结构为“What+(a/an)+形容词+可数名词单数+主语+谓语！”。“smell”在此处表示“气味”，是可数名词单数；“amazing”以元音音素/ə/开头，需用不定冠词“an”修饰。 10．________ it seems to cook stir-fried eggs and tomatoes! A．How simply B．What simple C．What simply D．How simple 【答案】D 【详解】句意：西红柿炒鸡蛋看起来多么简单啊！ simply简单地，副词；simple简单的，形容词。这是感叹句，中心词是形容词simple，感叹形容词用How，符合结构“How+adj.+主+谓”。 11．—________ interesting movie it is! Let’s go to the theater. —Great idea. Let’s go. A．How B．How a C．What an D．What a 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——这是一部多么有趣的电影啊！我们去电影院吧。——好主意。走吧。 How修饰形容词或副词，What修饰名词。本句中心词是名词“movie”，应用What引导；“interesting”以元音音素开头，不定冠词用an。结构为“What + an + 形容词 + 单数可数名词 + 主语 + 谓语！”。 12．________ clever he is! I like your new friend. A．How B．What C．What an 【答案】A 【详解】句意：他多么聪明啊！我喜欢你的新朋友。 How多么；What什么；What an一个多么……。感叹句中，“How + 形容词/副词 + 主语 + 谓语”结构用于修饰形容词或副词，此处“clever”是形容词，How符合语境。 13．________ exciting movie it is! I want to watch it again. A．How B．What C．What a D．What an 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这是一部多么令人激动的电影啊！我想再看一遍。 此句是感叹句，中心词是单数名词movie，exciting以元音音素开头，应用What an引导感叹句。 14．—________ fine day today! Why not go hiking? —Good idea! A．What B．What a C．How an D．How 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——今天天气多好啊！为什么不去远足呢？——好主意！ 根据句子结构“...fine day today”可知，中心词“day”是可数名词单数，且“fine”以辅音音素开头，因此应使用“What a+形容词+可数名词单数”的感叹句结构。故用What a。 15．—What else do we need to make the milkshake, Mum?        —We need ________. A．two cup of milks B．two cups of milk C．two cup of milk 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——妈妈，做奶昔我们还需要其他什么东西吗？——我们需要两杯牛奶。 milk是不可数名词，没有复数形式；表达不可数名词的数量时，结构为“数词+可数名词+of+不可数名词”，当数词大于1时，可数名词需要变为复数形式。本题中数词为“two”，因此量词cup要变为复数cups，milk保持原形。 16．You should put ________ and a cup of yogurt into the blender. A．two teaspoon of sugar B．a teaspoon of sugar C．two teaspoons of sugars D．a teaspoon of sugars 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你应该往搅拌器里放入一勺糖和一杯酸奶。 考查不可数名词和数量的表达。sugar是不可数名词，表示“一勺糖”时，应用a teaspoon of sugar；选项A中two teaspoon of sugar的teaspoon未用复数形式，错误；选项C和D中sugars使用了复数形式，但sugar不可数，不能加-s，错误。故选B。 17．Can you give me ________ on it? A．some pieces of advicesB．any piece of advicesC．any piece of advice D．some pieces of advice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你能给我一些建议吗？ 考查不可数名词和不定代词。advice“建议”为不可数名词，没有复数形式，排除A、B；表示“一些”时，some常用于肯定句或期望得到肯定回答的疑问句，而any常用于否定和疑问句中。本句为寻求建议的疑问句，符合使用some的情境，故选D。 18．—Can you give me some ________ on my math exam? —Be careful and you can make ________ mistakes. A．advice; less B．advice; fewer C．advices; fewer D．advices; less 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你能给我一些数学考试的建议吗？——细心点，你犯的错误就会少点。 考查名词和形容词比较级。advice建议，不可数名词；less少的，修饰不可数名词；fewer少的，修饰可数名词。第一个空应填advice“建议”，不可数名词；第二空修饰mistakes，可数名词，用fewer修饰。故选B。 19．—Can I help you, sir? —I’d like to have two ________. I want to write some words. A．piece of paper B．pieces of paper C．pieces of papers D．piece of papers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我能帮你吗，先生？——我想要两张纸。我想写一些单词。 考查名词的用法。paper是不可数名词，不能变复数，排除CD；piece“张”是可数名词，two后加可数名词复数。故选B。 20．Add ________ to the soup. A．two spoons of salt B．two spoons of salts C．two spoon of salt 【答案】A 【详解】句意：往汤里加两勺盐。 考查不可数名词的数量。salt“盐”是不可数名词，不加s，排除B；spoon“勺”是可数名词，two后加复数，排除C。故选A。 二、单词拼写 21．Those ________ saved many families from the fire last month. (fireman) 【答案】firemen 【详解】句意：那些消防员上个月从火灾中救出了许多家庭。括号内给出的单词为fireman，是可数名词，意为“消防员”；指示代词those后接可数名词复数形式，fireman的复数形式为不规则变化firemen，在句中作主语，符合语法结构与语境要求。 22．________ (wolf) often work in groups in the wild. 【答案】 Wolves 【详解】句意：狼在野外经常以群体行动。wolf意为“狼”，是可数名词。根据句中的“work”可知，主语应为复数。wolf的复数形式为wolves。句首单词首字母应大写。故填Wolves。 23．The library has plenty of useful ________ (dictionary) for students. 【答案】dictionaries 【详解】句意：图书馆有大量有用的词典供学生使用。句中“plenty of”修饰可数名词复数，意为“大量的”，且“dictionary”为可数名词，故应用复数形式dictionaries。 24．I watched some cooking ________ to learn how to make a cake. (video) 【答案】videos 【详解】句意：我看了一些烹饪视频来学习如何做蛋糕。video“视频”，名词；前面有some修饰，可数名词要用复数形式，video的复数是videos。故填videos。 25．Here are ________ (photo) of me and my twin sister, Liu Yun. 【答案】photos 【详解】句意：这里是我和我双胞胎妹妹刘芸的照片。谓语动词“are”为复数形式，主语需用复数名词与之保持一致。“photo”的复数形式为“photos”。 26．They saw two ________ (mouse) looking for food in the kitchen. 【答案】mice 【详解】句意：他们看到两只老鼠在厨房里找食物。根据“They saw two (mouse) looking for food in the kitchen.”可知，这里需要填写mouse的适当形式，句中数词two表示“两个”，后接可数名词的复数形式，mouse的复数形式为特殊变化mice，符合语境。故填mice。 27．Many ________ (university) have online courses for students every year. 【答案】universities 【详解】句意：许多大学每年都为学生提供在线课程。university大学，可数名词；根据前面的“Many”可知，后面应接可数名词的复数形式，“university”的复数是“universities”。故填universities。 28．The dentist said I had two bad __________ (tooth). 【答案】teeth 【详解】句意：牙医说我有两颗坏牙。tooth“牙齿”，为可数名词，根据空前的“two”可知，此处应该用复数形式，tooth的复数形式是teeth。故填teeth。 29．There are many outdoor ________ in spring, such as playing basketball, having a picnic and so on. (activity) 【答案】activities 【详解】句意：春天有很多户外活动，比如打篮球，野餐等等。activity“活动”，为可数名词；“many”修饰复数名词activities。故填activities。 30．He had to wear two ________ (scarf) against the cold. 【答案】scarves 【详解】句意：他不得不戴两条围巾来抵御寒冷。“scarf”是可数名词，前面有“two”修饰，要用复数形式，“scarf”的复数是“scarves”，在句中作宾语。故填scarves。 三、完成句子 31．The flowers smell very good. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ the flowers smell! 【答案】 How good 【详解】句意：花闻起来很好闻。感叹句主要由What和How引导，修饰名词用What，修饰形容词或副词用How；本句强调的中心词是形容词good，因此选用How；How引导的感叹句结构为“How+形容词/副词+主语 +谓语!”，故填How；good。 32．小女孩躲在妈妈身后，她多害羞啊！ The little girl hid behind her mother. ________ ________ she was! 【答案】 How shy 【详解】原句中“多害羞啊”是关键词，表示“多么……”的感叹句结构是“How+形容词+主语+谓语！”，“害羞的”可译为shy，在句中作表语。 33．未来的生活将会是多么便捷啊！ ________ ________ the future life will be! 【答案】 How convenient 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，本句是感叹句。convenient“便捷的”，形容词，所以用How开头来引导感叹句。故填How；convenient。 34．多么开心的一个节日啊！ ________ ________ happy holiday it is! 【答案】 What a 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“多么”。此句是感叹句，中心词是可数名词单数holiday，happy以辅音音素开头，符合结构What a + 形容词 + 可数名词单数 + 主语 + 谓语。故填What；a。 35．They are lucky to have such a good teacher. (改为感叹句) ________ ________ they are to have such a good teacher! 【答案】 How lucky 【详解】句意：他们很幸运有这样一位好老师。原句是一个陈述句，表达“他们很幸运……”。要将其改为感叹句，需使用感叹句的结构“How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语！”。原句中的形容词是lucky，因此将How放在句首，后面接形容词lucky。故填How；lucky。 36．看，汤姆现在多健康啊！ Look, ________ ________ Tom is now! 【答案】 how healthy 【详解】该句是感叹句，中心词是形容词healthy“健康的”，用how引导。故填how；healthy。 37．看，好精彩的表演和音乐会！ Look, ________ ________ shows and music concerts they are! 【答案】 what wonderful 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，句中缺少感叹“多么精彩的”的表达。该句为感叹句，结构为“What + adj. + 复数名词 + 主语 + 谓语!”；wonderful意为“精彩的”，修饰shows and music concerts。故填what；wonderful。 38．蛋糕足够供这里的每个人吃。 There are ________ ________ for everyone here. 【答案】 enough cakes 【详解】根据句意可知，此处表达“足够……的东西”，用“enough + 名词”的结构，“蛋糕”是“cake”，这里表示泛指用复数形式“cakes”，即“足够的蛋糕”可表达为“enough cakes”。故填enough；cakes。 39．首先，把一些黄油放在一片面包上。 First, put ________ ________ on a piece of bread. 【答案】 some butter 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“一些黄油”。“一些”英文为“some”，“黄油”英文为“butter”，为不可数名词。故填some；butter。 40．We prepared two cups of yogurt to make the fruit salad yesterday. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________  yogurt did you prepare to make the fruit salad yesterday? 【答案】 How much 【详解】句意：昨天我们准备了两杯酸奶来做水果沙拉。画线部分two cups of表示数量，且yogurt为不可数名词，应用how much来提问。故填How；much。 一、语法选择 请通读下面短文，掌握其大意，根据语法和上下文连贯的要求，从每小题3个选项中选出一个最佳的答案，并将答题卷上对应题目所选的选项涂黑。 Some food is very delicious, but sometimes it may make people in great danger. One day, three men were in a hospital, feeling tired and weak. It’s hard for them 1 and breathe (呼吸). The doctors couldn’t find out what was wrong 2 them. At last, they found the three men had just shared 3 dish of pufferfish (河豚). Pufferfish is one of 4 fish in the ocean. It gets its name from the way the fish protects 5 from enemies (敌人). Whenever it is attacked, the fish can be over twice its normal size! The pufferfish 6 also very poisonous (有毒的). As a rule, 7 you eat a whole pufferfish, probably you will die. 8 , the three men survived (幸存). Although pufferfish is poisonous, it’s expensive 9 welcomed by many people. However, because of the danger, pufferfish can only be prepared by cooks who are trained to remove the poisonous parts of the fish. In fact, because of its good taste, it has been popular since the Song Dynasty. Our great poet Su Shi was one of its 10 . However, we should always remember that food safety comes first! 1．A．to speak B．speaking C．spoke 2．A．for B．with C．of 3．A．a B．an C．the 4．A．strange B．stranger C．the strangest 5．A．its B．it C．itself 6．A．was B．is C．will be 7．A．if B．though C．till 8．A．Luck B．Lucky C．Luckily 9．A．so B．and C．but 10．A．fan B．fans C．fanes 【答案】 1．A 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．C 6．B 7．A 8．C 9．B 10．B 【导语】本文讲述了三人因吃河豚中毒住院的故事，介绍了河豚的习性与危险，指出虽美味但需专业处理，强调食品安全至关重要。 1．句意：对他们来说，说话和呼吸很难。 这是固定句型“It’s+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.”，其中It是形式主语，需用不定式作真正主语。 2．句意：医生们无法找出他们出了什么问题。 根据“What was wrong ... them”可知，这是固定句型“what’s wrong with sb.”，表示“某人怎么了”，需用介词with。for为了，表目的；of……的，表所属，均不符合搭配。 3．句意：最后，他们发现这三个人刚刚共享了一道河豚菜。 空后“dish”是单数，此处表示泛指的一道菜，需用不定冠词，dish以辅音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。an用于元音音素开头的单词前；the表特指，均不符合语法和逻辑。 4．句意：河豚是海洋中最奇怪的鱼之一。 “one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”是固定用法，表示“最……的……之一”，strangest“最奇怪的”是最高级，定冠词the不可少。strange奇怪的，形容词的原级；stranger更奇怪的，形容词的比较级，均不符合固定搭配用法。 5．句意：它得名于这种鱼保护自己免受敌人伤害的方式。 由空前“the fish protects”可知，“fish”在此处为单数，此处表示保护它自己，itself“它自己”符合语境。its它的，形容词性物主代词；it它，代词宾格，均不符合逻辑。 6．句意：河豚也是非常有毒的。 河豚有毒是固有属性，是客观事实，需用一般现在时，主语“The pufferfish”为单数，be动词用is。was为一般过去时；will be为一般将来时，均不符合陈述事实的语境。 7．句意：一般来说，如果你吃整条河豚，可能会死。 根据“you eat a whole pufferfish, probably you will die”句子时态可知，这是“主将从现”，且结合语境可知，此处表示假设情况，if“如果”符合逻辑。though虽然，表让步；till直到，表时间，均不符合逻辑。 8．句意：幸运地是，这三个人幸存了下来。 此空与后面句子间有逗号隔开，修饰后面整个句子，应用副词，Luckily“幸运地”是副词。Luck运气，名词；Lucky幸运的，形容词，均不能作状语修饰句子。 9．句意：虽然河豚有毒，但它很贵且受许多人欢迎。 “expensive”和“welcomed”之间是并列关系，需用连词and“并且”连接。so所以，表因果；but但是，表转折，均不符合逻辑。 10．句意：我们伟大的诗人苏轼是它的粉丝之一。 “one of+可数名词复数”是固定用法，表示“……之一”，fans“粉丝”是复数名词。fan粉丝，单数名词；fanes无此单词。 二、短文填空 Hunan is a special Chinese restaurant in London. It is famous because it does not have a real menu. This restaurant 1 (serve) creative Chinese food. Michael Peng runs Hunan now. He took 2 the restaurant from his father in 1999. His father opened the restaurant in 1982. He wanted 3 (introduce) Chinese food to London. At first, he focused on Hunan dishes. Later, he 4 (add) dishes from other places in China. 5 is the most special part of Hunan? It’s the “Leave it to us” menu. When you sit down, you just tell the waiter your food dislikes. Then, you can relax and wait 6 the delicious meal to arrive. This idea was unusual in 7 1980s but is now popular. Michael chooses the ingredients 8 (careful). For example, he buys fresh seafood directly from fishermen. His dishes are simple but of high quality. Running Hunan is 9 (challenge). Customers must trust the cooks to choose dishes for their meals. Sometimes, there is an 10 (argue), but Hunan’s good food and friendly service have brought in many customers. Michael works hard to keep the restaurant’s special dining experience alive (继续存在). 【答案】 1．serves 2．over 3．to introduce 4．added 5．What 6．for 7．the 8．carefully 9．challenging 10．argument 【导语】本文介绍了伦敦一家名为Hunan的中国餐厅，它不以传统菜单经营，而是采用“交给我们”的点餐方式，以创意中餐和优质食材吸引顾客。 1．句意：这家餐厅提供创意中餐。描述客观事实，主语This restaurant为第三人称单数，用一般现在时，serve的第三人称单数为serves。 2．句意：他于1999年从父亲手中接管了这家餐厅。“take over”为固定短语，意为“接管”，故填over。 3．句意：他想把中餐介绍给伦敦。“want to do sth.”意为“想要做某事”，故填to introduce。 4．句意：后来，他增加了中国其他地方的菜肴。描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，add的过去式为added。 5．句意：Hunan最特别的部分是什么？此处询问“什么”，作主语，故填疑问代词What。 6．句意：然后，你就可以放松下来，等待美味的到来。“wait for”为固定短语，意为“等待”，故填介词for。 7．句意：这个想法在20世纪80年代是不寻常的，但现在很受欢迎。“in the 1980s”为固定表达，意为“在20世纪80年代”，故填定冠词the。 8．句意：Michael精心挑选食材。修饰动词chooses，需用副词，careful的副词为carefully。 9．句意：经营Hunan是具有挑战性的。系动词is后接形容词作表语，challenge的形容词为challenging，意为“有挑战性的”。 10．句意：有时会有争执，但Hunan的美食和友好服务吸引了众多顾客。不定冠词an后接可数名词单数，argue的名词为argument，意为“争执”。 阅读下面短文，根据语境或单词的提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的单词，使短文意思完整、行文连贯。 Fuchsia Dunlop was born in Oxford, the UK. When she was young, she dreamed of 1 (become) a cook. In 1994, she came to Sichuan, China, and finally 2 (achieve) her dream. At first, Dunlop learned history at 3 university in Chengdu. Then, she spent three months learning cooking in a cooking school. Dunlop often communicated 4 cooks from different restaurants. After talking with them, she liked writing down recipes in her notebook. “There are so many wonderful things about Chinese food. They are 5 (value) to me,” she said. As time went by, Dunlop’s love for Chinese food grew 6 (strong) and deeper. In 2001, she wrote her first book Sichuan Cookery. It was known as one of the top ten cookbooks of all time. Dunlop hoped to build a bridge between Sichuan food 7 people in Western countries. At the same time, she continued learning about different dishes in other areas in China. Later, Dunlop learned that almost every dish has a special 8 (mean) and story behind it. To better understand the history and culture of Chinese food, she began to read Chinese 9 (classic). After many years of study, in 2016, Dunlop wrote another book about Jiangnan food called Land of Fish and Rice. When she introduces Chinese dishes in the book, she tells some related stories. She also encourages people to eat 10 (healthy) besides enjoying delicious food. 【答案】 1．becoming 2．achieved 3．a 4．with 5．valuable 6．stronger 7．and 8．meaning 9．classics 10．healthily 【导语】本文主要介绍了Fuchsia Dunlop对中国烹饪的兴趣以及她所取得的成就。 1．句意：在她年轻的时候，她曾梦想成为一名厨师。dream of doing sth“梦想做某事”，此空应填动名词，故填becoming。 2．句意：1994年，她来到中国四川，最终实现了她的梦想。根据“came”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用过去式achieved“实现”。故填achieved。 3．句意：起初，Dunlop在成都的一所大学里学习历史。此处表示泛指，且“university”是以辅音音素开头的，故填a。 4．句意：Dunlop经常与来自不同餐厅的厨师们进行交流。communicate with“与……交流”，固定搭配，故填with。 5．句意：它们对我来说很有价值。are后接形容词作表语，根据“There are so many wonderful things about Chinese food”可知，Dunlop认为这很有价值，valuable“有价值的”，故填valuable。 6．句意：随着时间的推移，Dunlop对中国美食的喜爱愈发深厚且愈发强烈。此空与“deeper”构成并列关系，此空应填strong的比较级stronger，故填stronger。 7．句意：Dunlop希望在川菜和西方国家的人们之间架起一座桥梁。between...and“在……和……之间”。故填and。 8．句意：后来，Dunlop了解到几乎每道菜肴背后都有独特的含义和故事。根据“almost every dish has a special …and story behind it”可知，几乎每道菜肴背后都有独特的含义，meaning“意义”，根据a可知，此空应填单数形式，故填meaning。 9．句意：为了更好地了解中国饮食的历史和文化，她开始研读中国的经典著作。classic“经典作品”，此空应填复数形式表示类别，故填classics。 10．句意：她还鼓励人们在享受美食的同时也要健康饮食。此处修饰动词eat用副词healthily“健康地”。故填healthily。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $