Unit 5 Working the Land 农业（单元阅读精练）英语人教版选择性必修第一册

**基本信息** 聚焦农业主题，通过多样化题型（阅读、七选五等）结合词汇、长难句及真题演练，系统提升语言能力与跨文化理解。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单元阅读精练|1篇阅读+译文词汇|说明文，含词汇积累|以可可豆评级切入，构建农业经济与文化认知| |高考真题链接|1篇真题+2长难句分析|科普说明文，长难句拆解|从太阳能农场案例延伸，强化复杂句式理解| |综合实战演练|10篇（4阅读+2七选五+2完形+2语法填空）|多体裁（说明/记叙），主题涵盖可持续农业、科技农业等|围绕农业主题，从基础词汇到真题应用，层层递进培养语言能力与思维品质|

Unit 5 Working the Land 农业 单元阅读精练 In Rome, Julien Simonis tastes two chocolates — one from Hawaii with fruity flavors, another from Peru that is creamy and nutty. He says cacao beans have huge variety, but until recently there was no standard way to compare them, unlike wine or coffee rated by using internationally agreed approaches. In 2009, the program “Cacao of Excellence” created a method which could help consumers pay more for high-quality chocolate, and more money could reach farmers. That matters greatly, because many cacao farmers live below the poverty line. Most are in remote and poor areas, especially in Ivory Coast and Ghana, which produce over half the world’s cacao. The method is conducted in a lab in Perugia, Italy. Lab assistant Julia Butac picks the beans, slices them, roasts them and then mills them into chocolate. She says each type of cacao has its own personality. A panel of 15 trained tasters will make judgements on each chocolates’ acidity, bitterness, and other qualities. The method has helped small producers gain recognition. A Thai family farm, TinTin Chocolate, won an award and learned to improve fermentation (发酵) and drying. Its owner says, “Cacao of Excellence gives small producers a chance to be seen internationally. I believe it will help increase my income.” A Peruvian (秘鲁的) farm, Juan Laura, reported a 30% increase in sales. “I think this is a good way to respect the laborers and change the mind of people regarding the farmers,” says Rosaura Laura, who runs the farm, referring to the way in which farmers in general have seen their rising social position in recent years. Above all, Laura believes that this effort is allowing cacao producers, buyers and consumers to speak the same language, one that’s able to describe the magic of the beans that we transformed into that amazing stuff called chocolate. 【译文欣赏】 在罗马，朱利安・西蒙尼斯品尝了两款巧克力：一款产自夏威夷，果香浓郁；另一款来自秘鲁，口感绵密，坚果风味突出。他表示可可豆品类繁多，但在此之前，业界始终没有统一的评判标准来对比不同可可豆，葡萄酒和咖啡却早已拥有国际公认的评级体系。 2009 年，“优质可可计划” 推出一套品鉴评定标准。借助这套标准，消费者愿意为高品质巧克力支付更高价格，农户也能获得更多收益。这点至关重要，因为大量可可种植户生活在贫困线以下。绝大多数种植户分布在偏远贫困地区，尤以科特迪瓦和加纳为主，两国可可总产量占全球一半以上。 整套评定流程在意大利佩鲁贾的一间实验室完成。实验室助理朱莉娅・布塔克挑选可可豆，切片、烘烤，再研磨制成巧克力。她说每一种可可豆都拥有独一无二的风味特质。由 15 名专业品鉴师组成评审小组，针对每款巧克力的酸度、苦味及其他风味特质打分评判。 这套评定体系让小型可可生产商获得了行业认可。泰国丁丁巧克力家族农场曾斩获奖项，还学会优化可可豆的发酵与干燥工艺。农场主说道：“优质可可计划让小型生产商拥有在国际舞台崭露头角的机会，我相信这能提高我的收入。” 秘鲁胡安・劳拉农场的销售额上涨了三成。农场经营者罗绍拉・劳拉表示：“这一体系是对劳动者的尊重，也改变了大众对可可农户的固有看法。” 她提到，近年来种植户的社会地位整体得到提升。 最重要的是，劳拉认为这项评定工作搭建起统一的沟通语言，让可可种植者、采购商与消费者拥有共同的评判标准，用这套语言诠释可可豆独有的魅力 —— 正是这些豆子，最终化作令人惊艳的巧克力。 【词汇积累】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. cacao beans 可可豆 2. internationally agreed approaches 国际通用评定标准 3. below the poverty line 贫困线以下 4. fermentation n. 发酵 5. gain recognition 获得认可、崭露头角 6. panel of tasters 专业品鉴评审团 7. laborers 劳动者，种植农户 8. transform…into… 将…… 转化为…… 【高考真题链接】 （2023·浙江·高考真题）According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 1．What do solar developers often ignore? A．The decline in the demand for solar energy. B．The negative impact of installing solar panels. C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D．The most recent advances in solar technology. 2．What does InSPIRE aim to do? A．Improve the productivity of local farms. B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 3．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To conserve pollinators. B．To restrict solar development. C．To diversify the economy. D．To ensure the supply of energy. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development ( 长难句 1 原句：InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. 句子结构拆解 1. 主句主干：InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches 2. 后置定语：to “low-impact” solar development 修饰 approaches 3. 非限制性定语从句：which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms，修饰前文 low-impact solar development 4. 方式状语：in a way 5. 限制性定语从句：that is kinder to the land，修饰先行词 way 翻译 InSPIRE 项目正在研究低影响太阳能开发的可行方案，该方案重点采用对土地更友好的模式建设和运营太阳能电站。 长难句 2 原句：Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. 句子结构拆解 1. 主句主语：Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change（三个并列名词短语作主语） 2. 主句谓语宾语：have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations 3. 时间状语：over the past couple of decades 4. 非限制性定语从句：which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy，指代前面整件事 翻译 过去几十年里，栖息地消失、杀虫剂使用以及气候变化导致传粉昆虫数量大幅下降，这一状况损害了美国农业经济。 ) ( 1. solar panels 太阳能电池板 2. climate goals 气候目标 3. put up 搭建，安装 4. control weeds 除草，抑制杂草 5. agricultural economy 农业经济 6. low-impact adj. 低影响的 7. pollinator n. 传粉昆虫 8. pesticide n. 杀虫剂，农药 9. dramatic declines 大幅减少 10. conservation organizations 环保保护机构 11. guideline n. 指导准则，规范 12. transform…into… 把…… 改造为…… 13. carbon reduction 减碳，碳减排 14. habitat n. 栖息地 15. landscape n. 自然地貌，整片区域 请再分析一个长难句。 如何快速提高长难句分析能力？ 长难句分析对英语学习有哪些帮助？ ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 讲述当下年轻人普遍脱离农耕、不了解食物来源的现状，介绍可持续农业教育；说明农耕实践能提升学生环保认知，培养耐心、问题解决能力、责任心与自信心，同时把水资源管理等抽象知识具象化；文末建议从校园简易易成活作物起步开展农耕教学项目。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍意大利 SMACH 露天艺术展中的大地艺术项目《土地之痕》，改造农用干草捆打造贴合山地地貌的遮阳休憩步道装置；作品兼具雕塑艺术价值与休憩聚会实用功能，诠释人与土地相互依存的双向关系，干草材料可自然降解回归土壤，展现乡村景观创新改造思路。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 介绍再生农业，该模式可修复土壤、锁住二氧化碳缓解气候变暖；欧洲农户通过售卖土壤碳信用获得额外收入，碳市场扩张速度快、覆盖多国大量农田；同时客观分析争议：若监管缺失易出现 “漂绿” 虚假环保问题，但支持者认为其兼具改善土质、保护生物多样性、减少水土流失等多重环境与经济价值。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 打破 “务农是世代传承纯体力活” 的传统刻板印象；介绍如今农业教育面向全社会人群，课程涵盖生态、粮食安全、农业商科、农科技术等多元内容；无人机、人工智能等科技拓展农业相关岗位，现代农业融合科技、环保、商业，发展方向丰富多元。 Passage5 七选五 说明文 讲解打造有机花园的多种自然养护手段：落叶堆肥改良土壤、重新定义害虫与杂草、引入天敌生物实现自然控害；同时提出尽早发现植株病害、缺水等问题并及时人工处理，减少化学药剂使用，全程依靠自然方式维持花园生态平衡。 Passage6 七选五 说明文 对比传统化学农业，介绍有机农业遵循无有害化学品的种植标准；阐述有机农业养护土壤、保护生物多样性、减少水土污染的优势；同时客观指出短板：亩产更低、农产品售价高、认证成本高阻碍小农户参与；最后说明种植技术升级、消费者需求上涨与政府扶持让有机农业发展前景广阔。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 讲述硬件工程师段严严放弃北京稳定工作，前往河北盐碱地乡村发展智慧农业；团队运用物联网、自动化设备、AI 改良千亩低产盐碱田，实现手机监测土壤、智能控水控肥，降低人工成本；创新稻蟹共生绿色种植模式，联合科研机构测试新型种子，用科技改良贫瘠土地，助力乡村农业升级。 Passage8 完形填空 记叙文 记叙出身棉农家庭的青年杨皓然，大学毕业后自主管理大片棉田；他发掘无人机农耕技术潜力，创办公司组建 90 后无人机作业团队，农忙时节用无人机开展田间作业，农闲培训本地农户掌握无人机操作；后续开展精准农业项目，依托无人机收集田间数据，实现智能灌溉施肥，紧跟现代农业发展步伐。 Passage9 语法填空 说明文 讲述陕西苹果种植带向北拓展至毛乌素沙漠的农业变革；介绍退休老人张炳贵在沙地多年试种，反复摸索出沙地苹果种植技术，依靠电商打开全国销路；当地降雨量增加、沙漠植被恢复，气候改善为沙地苹果种植提供条件，昔日荒漠转变为苹果丰收产区。 Passage10 语法填空 记叙文 追忆杂交水稻之父袁隆平院士；讲述他成功培育杂交水稻，大幅提升国内粮食产量，让民众吃饱吃好；他无偿向海外科研机构捐赠稻种，远赴亚非美多国推广杂交水稻技术、培养外国农科人才，如今全球五分之一水稻源自其研发的超级稻，极大解决世界粮食短缺难题。 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·湖北·阶段检测）Most young people today have never picked a tomato off a vine (藤蔓), collected eggs from a chicken cage, or understood the work that goes into growing a single head of cabbage. This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested. When the youth engage with farming and gardening, they develop a deeper appreciation for the resources required to produce food. They witness the first-hand relationship between healthy soil, clean water, and nutritious crops. They learn that food production doesn’t happen in isolation but as part of complex ecosystems involving insects, microorganisms, weather patterns, and human labor. Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings. When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible. Students begin thinking critically about water use, not just in the garden but in their broader lives. Simply begin by assessing your available space and resources. A sunny corner of a schoolyard, a vacant lot, or even containers can become productive growing spaces. The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed. Growing easy, fast-maturing crops gives students quick wins and keeps up enthusiasm while they learn fundamental skills. 1．What problem can sustainable agriculture education address? A．The urgent threat posed by climate change. B．The growing challenges of ensuring food security. C．Students’ ignorance of environmental conservation. D．Students’ lack of direct engagement with farming. 2．How does sustainable agriculture education benefit students? A．By improving their physical strength. B．By boosting their academic performance. C．By maximizing their personal contributions. D．By developing their qualities and capabilities. 3．What does “tangible” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A．Available. B．Concrete. C．Flexible. D．Complex. 4．What does the author suggest on agricultural education? A．Finding a sunny farm. B．Buying costly equipment first. C．Waiting for perfect conditions. D．Starting with accessible projects. Passage 2 （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people. Trace of Land is one of the examples. Designers reinterpret the hay bale (干草捆) as spatial equipment that unfolds across the fields of Val Badia in the Italian Dolomites. Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings. The land art equipment is a continuous path made of unfolded hay bales. It moves with the outline of the Alpine landscape. Removed from its functional role in farming, the ha y bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land. Often seen as typical parts of farm life, hay bales are in fact products of industrialized processes, stored and transported by machinery. In Trace of Land, this industrial form is loosened and reshaped, creating a structure that switches between lying on the ground and lifting lightly to form shaded passages. The result is a temporary canopy that strikes a balance between agricultural efficiency and the natural setting. In line with the theme of SMACH 2026, hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment. Visitors are invited to walk along and beneath the structure, using box-shaped bales arranged as seating to pause and reflect. As time passes, the hay will naturally break down, returning to the soil and completing a cycle of use and renewal. 1．What role is given to the ha y bale in the project? A．A farming tool. B．A storage device. C．A relaxation zone. D．A cultural platform. 2．What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Formal. B．Casual. C．Mutual. D．Distant. 3．What can we learn about the ha y bale structure from the text? A．It is a permanent architectural work for farming. B．It combines artistic value with practical functions. C．It aims to promote modern industrialized farming. D．It is designed to replace traditional agricultural tools. 4．Which column of a website might the text be taken from? A．Redesigning the countryside. B．Advocating farming techniques. C．Remodeling urban landscape. D．Talking with agriculturalists. Passage 3 （25-26高二下·江苏无锡·期末）Soil, often taken for granted, is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. Modern farming practices, including continuous heavy ploughing (耕地) and overuse of chemical fertilizers (肥料), have seriously damaged soil structure and released large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. In contrast, regenerative agriculture helps soil absorb and store CO₂, a major greenhouse gas, while also improving soil fertility. Thomas Gent and his family run an 800-hectare (公顷) farm on the border of Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire. They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. “The soil is the foundation of everything we do,” Gent says. “If we look after it, it looks after us.” Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. For forward-thinking farmers, adopting regenerative farming and participating in carbon credit programs is not just environmentally responsible — it is also economically rewarding, ensuring the long-term sustainability of their farms. 1．What is the aim of regenerative farming? A．To increase agricultural production. B．To improve soil health. C．To reduce the farming cost. D．To prevent extreme weather. 2．What can be learned about Thomas Gent’s farm? A．It is the largest carbon farm in Europe. B．It depends heavily on chemical fertilizers. C．It has given up traditional ploughing for years. D．It earns most of its income from carbon credits. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Extra incomes of European farmers. B．Development of soil carbon credit market. C．Popularity of greener farming methods. D．Functions of soil carbon storage companies. 4．What can be inferred about the soil carbon credit market? A．It is strictly monitored globally. B．It disturbs traditional market. C．It mainly serves large enterprises. D．It faces both support and criticism. Passage 4 （25-26高二上·福建南平·期末）Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”. This shift is most visible in agricultural education. Britain’s agricultural colleges and universities, once limited to sons of the landowners, military officers and government officials, now welcome students from all walks of life. Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader. Beyond education, the definition (定义) of “farm” job has expanded dramatically — driven by global demand that the world population is predicted to grow by another two billion before 2050. Agricultural technology and innovation now covers everything from drone mechanics, robotic harvesters and intelligent software. Even tech-focused students who may never get dirt under their fingernails play a crucial role in boosting food production. Technology itself is speeding up this change: AI, for example, is already changing the farming industry. It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things. In short, modern farming is no longer bound (束缚) by tradition. Whether one’s interest is in animal care, environmental science, tech or business, there’s a job in modern farming to satisfy it. As one expert noted, “The business of growing is growing.” 1．What does the underlined word “stereotype” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fixed idea. B．Job requirement. C．Relaxing job. D．Family ambition. 2．Which can best describe present agricultural education? A．Various and broad. B．Specific and limited. C．Traditional and practical. D．Popular and affordable. 3．How does AI promote farming? A．By predicting the weather. B．By collecting and applying data. C．By replacing farmers entirely. D．By growing crops automatically. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI: A Tool for Higher Crop Production B．Traditional Farming: Root of Agriculture C．Agricultural Education: Open to All Students D．Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype Passage 5 （2026·河北沧州·一模）While pesticides (杀虫剂) are common in many gardens, they’re not the only option when it comes to creating a beautiful backyard. But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. 1 Here, we explore steps to create a garden with natural interventions. Try lazy gardening Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. 2 These multiple functions lay the foundation for a rich and healthy environment. Reframe the idea of “pests” and “weeds” The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. 3 Most weeds are native species that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Use biological controls 4 Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. Learn to spot problems early When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. 5 A．It’s about working with nature. B．Prevent weeds with organic matters. C．Going organic offers a full harvest of positives. D．They also provide safe habitats for garden creatures. E．Natural enemies can help you manage your garden ecosystem. F．This not only builds your gardening skills but also saves you money. G．Similarly, “weeds” are simply plants growing where we prefer them not to. Passage 6 （25-26高三上·新疆·阶段检测）Organic farming has gained much attention as people grow more concerned about food safety and environmental protection. Unlike conventional farming, which relies heavily on fertilizers, and pesticides, organic farming follows strict guidelines to keep soil healthy, protect biodiversity, and avoid harmful chemicals. 1 They also help keep the environment in good condition in the long run. One important rule of organic farming is taking care of soil. Organic farmers use natural methods like growing different crops in the same area over time to stop pests from building up and makes soil more fertile. 2 The materials, made from rotted plant and animal waste, add important nutrients to soil and help good tiny organisms grow. 3 For example, organic farms are homes for wild animals such as birds, insects and small mammals. Not using man-made pesticides protects pollinators like bees. These insects are very important for plants to produce seeds. Besides, organic methods reduce water pollution. No harmful chemicals flow into rivers, lakes or underground water. Despite its benefits, organic farming has problems too. A major issue is lower yield than conventional farming. Without fertilizers to boost growth, crops produce less per acre. This lower yield makes organic food more expensive. Moreover, organic certification costs a lot and takes time, making it hard for small-scale farmers to adopt. 4 However, organic farming’s future looks promising. Advances in techniques, like natural pest control and better soil management, boost yields. 5 Governments also support it by research funding, and sustainable agriculture policies. As more recognize its benefits, organic farming will play a bigger role in global food production. A．These methods make sure food is safe and healthy. B．Organic farming works with nature to produce food. C．These challenges limit its expansion, even as demand rises. D．Organic farming also benefits biodiversity and the environment. E．Many consumers pay more for organic products for health benefits. F．Also, consumer awareness and demand for organic products grow fast. G．Another natural thing to improve soil in organic farming is farm wastes. Passage 7 （25-26高二上·江西上饶·期末）At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing. 1 , he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei, a place full of saline-alkali (盐碱) land. With a background in hardware development, he said, “Office work felt 2 from real farming. Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them 3 .” In 2023, Duan 4 Laoting Agricultural Group as a hardware engineer. He led a team to develop automated systems for the farm. They 5 1,500 mu of low-yield land into rich fields. The rice yield went up to 700 kg per unit. How did they do it? Using 6 like IoT, automated machines, and data apps. “Farmers can 7 soil moisture on their phones and control water with smart valves (阀门),” Duan explained. This not only cuts fertilizer waste but also 8 harvests. Unmanned equipment has also made labor costs 9 . The team also tried “green innovation”: raising crabs and crayfish in paddy fields. Flushing water often reduces soil salinity, and this 10 both rice and seafood. Working with research institutes, they test new 11 . “Farmers used to 12 unfamiliar seeds,” Duan said. “But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them 13 us.” Today, the team uses AI to make planting models 14 . “We want smart farming to be easy for everyone to 15 ,” Duan said. “Our tech can help Chinese agriculture grow and more farmers live better lives.” Through hard work, Duan shows that technology can turn poor land into rich farms — a lesson beyond any textbook. 1．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Otherwise 2．A．similar B．connected C．free D．disconnected 3．A．suddenly B．directly C．carefully D．usually 4．A．joined B．left C．started D．visited 5．A．transformed B．divided C．destroyed D．covered 6．A．skills B．rules C．methods D．technologies 7．A．change B．monitor C．increase D．reduce 8．A．checks B．records C．improves D．measures 9．A．drop B．rise C．stop D．stay 10．A．harms B．tests C．needs D．helps 11．A．tools B．seeds C．machines D．apps 12．A．believe B．accept C．doubt D．grow 13．A．witness B．trust C．teach D．follow 14．A．better B．bigger C．cheaper D．faster 15．A．assess B．share C．use D．develop Passage 8 （25-26高二上·广东汕头·期中）Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields. He 1 how hard his parents had to work using conventional farming methods, as well as how automation has 2 productivity and saved labor. Having finished university, Yang became a 3 farmer himself. However, unlike his parents, his experience has been very 4 : he manages over 200,000 square meters of cotton fields and always 5 new ways to improve efficiency through technological 6 . In 2018, he saw the great 7 of using drones (无人机) in farming and established his own company, which 8 13 drone operators, all of whom are post-90s workers like Yang himself. “We are like a big family, with members from different ethnic groups,” Yang said 9 . In peak growing season, they move their 10 in a skillful way over the fields while in the off-season, they train local farmers to 11 drones. To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers. “This will enable them to acquire new technologies, allowing them to 12 the advances in modern agriculture,” he said. Yang’s 13 does not end there. He has recently taken up a precision farming project, which uses drones to 14 data for light analysis, and transmit real-time data on crop growth and soil moisture to the irrigation and fertilizer equipment for precision 15 . 1．A．recalled B．witnessed C．complained D．assumed 2．A．integrated B．evaluated C．spared D．boosted 3．A．cotton B．rice C．wheat D．sorghum 4．A．visible B．different C．complex D．multiple 5．A．transforms B．handles C．seeks D．adjusts 6．A．presentation B．extension C．interaction D．innovation 7．A．concept B．potential C．theory D．framework 8．A．employs B．attains C．entertains D．promotes 9．A．honestly B．willingly C．proudly D．gently 10．A．machines B．drones C．pumps D．switches 11．A．operate B．launch C．display D．update 12．A．break away from B．look forward to C．try out for D．keep up with 13．A．dream B．genius C．insight D．theory 14．A．generate B．collect C．assess D．predict 15．A．communication B．industry C．agriculture D．tourism Passage 9 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 1 scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution — the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 2 was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 3 (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 4 (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he rented sandy land in Yulin, determined 5 (make) something grow. His early experiments with grapes and date trees ended in 6 (fail), drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance led him to shift his focus 7 apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he, 8 (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 9 brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known for its vast 10 (stretch) of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. Passage 10 （25-26高二下·河南开封·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One day after his 1 (dead), a mountain of yellow and white flowers was seen outside his home in Changsha. Among them were bowls of 2 (boil) rice. Several of the mourners said that whenever they sat down to a meal, they would remember “Grandfather Yuan Longping”, 3 super rice has helped to feed China and the world. In 1970, Yuan Longping succeeded 4 crossbreeding the ordinary rice and the wild rice. Since then, he kept on working to make his rice better. Thanks to his hybrid rice, China’s rice crop rose from 57m tonnes in 1950 to 195m in 2017. Higher rice yields also allowed farmers to turn more land to other 5 (use) — fruit, vegetables, fish ponds — so that people not only ate more, 6 also ate well. That was 7 Yuan had done for the world as well. Once his rice grew well, he 8 (donate) seeds to the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines. Then he travelled all across Asia, Africa and America 9 (popularize) the technology. He also invited foreign students to the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre in Changsha to instruct them. A 10 (five) of all rice grown globally now comes from his super rice. ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Working the Land 农业 单元阅读精练 In Rome, Julien Simonis tastes two chocolates — one from Hawaii with fruity flavors, another from Peru that is creamy and nutty. He says cacao beans have huge variety, but until recently there was no standard way to compare them, unlike wine or coffee rated by using internationally agreed approaches. In 2009, the program “Cacao of Excellence” created a method which could help consumers pay more for high-quality chocolate, and more money could reach farmers. That matters greatly, because many cacao farmers live below the poverty line. Most are in remote and poor areas, especially in Ivory Coast and Ghana, which produce over half the world’s cacao. The method is conducted in a lab in Perugia, Italy. Lab assistant Julia Butac picks the beans, slices them, roasts them and then mills them into chocolate. She says each type of cacao has its own personality. A panel of 15 trained tasters will make judgements on each chocolates’ acidity, bitterness, and other qualities. The method has helped small producers gain recognition. A Thai family farm, TinTin Chocolate, won an award and learned to improve fermentation (发酵) and drying. Its owner says, “Cacao of Excellence gives small producers a chance to be seen internationally. I believe it will help increase my income.” A Peruvian (秘鲁的) farm, Juan Laura, reported a 30% increase in sales. “I think this is a good way to respect the laborers and change the mind of people regarding the farmers,” says Rosaura Laura, who runs the farm, referring to the way in which farmers in general have seen their rising social position in recent years. Above all, Laura believes that this effort is allowing cacao producers, buyers and consumers to speak the same language, one that’s able to describe the magic of the beans that we transformed into that amazing stuff called chocolate. 【译文欣赏】 在罗马，朱利安・西蒙尼斯品尝了两款巧克力：一款产自夏威夷，果香浓郁；另一款来自秘鲁，口感绵密，坚果风味突出。他表示可可豆品类繁多，但在此之前，业界始终没有统一的评判标准来对比不同可可豆，葡萄酒和咖啡却早已拥有国际公认的评级体系。 2009 年，“优质可可计划” 推出一套品鉴评定标准。借助这套标准，消费者愿意为高品质巧克力支付更高价格，农户也能获得更多收益。这点至关重要，因为大量可可种植户生活在贫困线以下。绝大多数种植户分布在偏远贫困地区，尤以科特迪瓦和加纳为主，两国可可总产量占全球一半以上。 整套评定流程在意大利佩鲁贾的一间实验室完成。实验室助理朱莉娅・布塔克挑选可可豆，切片、烘烤，再研磨制成巧克力。她说每一种可可豆都拥有独一无二的风味特质。由 15 名专业品鉴师组成评审小组，针对每款巧克力的酸度、苦味及其他风味特质打分评判。 这套评定体系让小型可可生产商获得了行业认可。泰国丁丁巧克力家族农场曾斩获奖项，还学会优化可可豆的发酵与干燥工艺。农场主说道：“优质可可计划让小型生产商拥有在国际舞台崭露头角的机会，我相信这能提高我的收入。” 秘鲁胡安・劳拉农场的销售额上涨了三成。农场经营者罗绍拉・劳拉表示：“这一体系是对劳动者的尊重，也改变了大众对可可农户的固有看法。” 她提到，近年来种植户的社会地位整体得到提升。 最重要的是，劳拉认为这项评定工作搭建起统一的沟通语言，让可可种植者、采购商与消费者拥有共同的评判标准，用这套语言诠释可可豆独有的魅力 —— 正是这些豆子，最终化作令人惊艳的巧克力。 【词汇积累】 2 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 1. cacao beans 可可豆 2. internationally agreed approaches 国际通用评定标准 3. below the poverty line 贫困线以下 4. fermentation n. 发酵 5. gain recognition 获得认可、崭露头角 6. panel of tasters 专业品鉴评审团 7. laborers 劳动者，种植农户 8. transform…into… 将…… 转化为…… 【高考真题链接】 （2023·浙江·高考真题）According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven’t given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbors,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that’s going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. 1．What do solar developers often ignore? A．The decline in the demand for solar energy. B．The negative impact of installing solar panels. C．The rising labor cost of building solar farms. D．The most recent advances in solar technology. 2．What does InSPIRE aim to do? A．Improve the productivity of local farms. B．Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C．Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D．Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. 3．What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in paragraph 4? A．To conserve pollinators. B．To restrict solar development. C．To diversify the economy. D．To ensure the supply of energy. 4．Which of the following is the best title for the text? A．Pollinators: To Leave or to Stay B．Solar Energy: Hope for the Future C．InSPIRE: A Leader in Agriculture D．Solar Farms: A New Development 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。介绍的是用一种更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场，这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫，从而促进农业的发展。 1．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they’ll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.(通常，他们最终会用小石头填满该地区，并使用化学物质来控制杂草。结果是，许多社区，特别是在农业地区，将太阳能农场视为土壤的破坏者。)”可知，太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题，导致人们把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者，由此可以推断，开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。 2．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法，其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)”可知，InSPIRE采用有好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场，也就是使得太阳能农场更加环保。故选C项。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.(超过28个州通过了与传粉媒介栖息地保护和农药使用有关的法律。)”可知，这些法律都是与保护传粉者栖息地和农药使用相关，所以这些法律的目的是保护授粉者。故选A项。 4．主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.(在过去的几年里，许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所，从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)”可知，现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展，更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加的环保，这将是未来发展农业的新趋势，再结合全文对太阳农场的发展过程的介绍可以判断，本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。 ( 长难句 1 原句：InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. 句子结构拆解 1. 主句主干：InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches 2. 后置定语：to “low-impact” solar development 修饰 approaches 3. 非限制性定语从句：which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms，修饰前文 low-impact solar development 4. 方式状语：in a way 5. 限制性定语从句：that is kinder to the land，修饰先行词 way 翻译 InSPIRE 项目正在研究低影响太阳能开发的可行方案，该方案重点采用对土地更友好的模式建设和运营太阳能电站。 长难句 2 原句：Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy. 句子结构拆解 1. 主句主语：Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change（三个并列名词短语作主语） 2. 主句谓语宾语：have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations 3. 时间状语：over the past couple of decades 4. 非限制性定语从句：which has damaged the U.S. agricultural economy，指代前面整件事 翻译 过去几十年里，栖息地消失、杀虫剂使用以及气候变化导致传粉昆虫数量大幅下降，这一状况损害了美国农业经济。 ) ( 1. solar panels 太阳能电池板 2. climate goals 气候目标 3. put up 搭建，安装 4. control weeds 除草，抑制杂草 5. agricultural economy 农业经济 6. low-impact adj. 低影响的 7. pollinator n. 传粉昆虫 8. pesticide n. 杀虫剂，农药 9. dramatic declines 大幅减少 10. conservation organizations 环保保护机构 11. guideline n. 指导准则，规范 12. transform…into… 把…… 改造为…… 13. carbon reduction 减碳，碳减排 14. habitat n. 栖息地 15. landscape n. 自然地貌，整片区域 请再分析一个长难句。 如何快速提高长难句分析能力？ 长难句分析对英语学习有哪些帮助？ ) 【综合实战演练】 语篇 题型 体裁 内容简介 Passage1 阅读理解 说明文 讲述当下年轻人普遍脱离农耕、不了解食物来源的现状，介绍可持续农业教育；说明农耕实践能提升学生环保认知，培养耐心、问题解决能力、责任心与自信心，同时把水资源管理等抽象知识具象化；文末建议从校园简易易成活作物起步开展农耕教学项目。 Passage2 阅读理解 说明文 介绍意大利 SMACH 露天艺术展中的大地艺术项目《土地之痕》，改造农用干草捆打造贴合山地地貌的遮阳休憩步道装置；作品兼具雕塑艺术价值与休憩聚会实用功能，诠释人与土地相互依存的双向关系，干草材料可自然降解回归土壤，展现乡村景观创新改造思路。 Passage3 阅读理解 说明文 介绍再生农业，该模式可修复土壤、锁住二氧化碳缓解气候变暖；欧洲农户通过售卖土壤碳信用获得额外收入，碳市场扩张速度快、覆盖多国大量农田；同时客观分析争议：若监管缺失易出现 “漂绿” 虚假环保问题，但支持者认为其兼具改善土质、保护生物多样性、减少水土流失等多重环境与经济价值。 Passage4 阅读理解 说明文 打破 “务农是世代传承纯体力活” 的传统刻板印象；介绍如今农业教育面向全社会人群，课程涵盖生态、粮食安全、农业商科、农科技术等多元内容；无人机、人工智能等科技拓展农业相关岗位，现代农业融合科技、环保、商业，发展方向丰富多元。 Passage5 七选五 说明文 讲解打造有机花园的多种自然养护手段：落叶堆肥改良土壤、重新定义害虫与杂草、引入天敌生物实现自然控害；同时提出尽早发现植株病害、缺水等问题并及时人工处理，减少化学药剂使用，全程依靠自然方式维持花园生态平衡。 Passage6 七选五 说明文 对比传统化学农业，介绍有机农业遵循无有害化学品的种植标准；阐述有机农业养护土壤、保护生物多样性、减少水土污染的优势；同时客观指出短板：亩产更低、农产品售价高、认证成本高阻碍小农户参与；最后说明种植技术升级、消费者需求上涨与政府扶持让有机农业发展前景广阔。 Passage7 完形填空 记叙文 讲述硬件工程师段严严放弃北京稳定工作，前往河北盐碱地乡村发展智慧农业；团队运用物联网、自动化设备、AI 改良千亩低产盐碱田，实现手机监测土壤、智能控水控肥，降低人工成本；创新稻蟹共生绿色种植模式，联合科研机构测试新型种子，用科技改良贫瘠土地，助力乡村农业升级。 Passage8 完形填空 记叙文 记叙出身棉农家庭的青年杨皓然，大学毕业后自主管理大片棉田；他发掘无人机农耕技术潜力，创办公司组建 90 后无人机作业团队，农忙时节用无人机开展田间作业，农闲培训本地农户掌握无人机操作；后续开展精准农业项目，依托无人机收集田间数据，实现智能灌溉施肥，紧跟现代农业发展步伐。 Passage9 语法填空 说明文 讲述陕西苹果种植带向北拓展至毛乌素沙漠的农业变革；介绍退休老人张炳贵在沙地多年试种，反复摸索出沙地苹果种植技术，依靠电商打开全国销路；当地降雨量增加、沙漠植被恢复，气候改善为沙地苹果种植提供条件，昔日荒漠转变为苹果丰收产区。 Passage10 语法填空 记叙文 追忆杂交水稻之父袁隆平院士；讲述他成功培育杂交水稻，大幅提升国内粮食产量，让民众吃饱吃好；他无偿向海外科研机构捐赠稻种，远赴亚非美多国推广杂交水稻技术、培养外国农科人才，如今全球五分之一水稻源自其研发的超级稻，极大解决世界粮食短缺难题。 Passage 1 （25-26高二下·湖北·阶段检测）Most young people today have never picked a tomato off a vine (藤蔓), collected eggs from a chicken cage, or understood the work that goes into growing a single head of cabbage. This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested. When the youth engage with farming and gardening, they develop a deeper appreciation for the resources required to produce food. They witness the first-hand relationship between healthy soil, clean water, and nutritious crops. They learn that food production doesn’t happen in isolation but as part of complex ecosystems involving insects, microorganisms, weather patterns, and human labor. Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings. When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible. Students begin thinking critically about water use, not just in the garden but in their broader lives. Simply begin by assessing your available space and resources. A sunny corner of a schoolyard, a vacant lot, or even containers can become productive growing spaces. The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed. Growing easy, fast-maturing crops gives students quick wins and keeps up enthusiasm while they learn fundamental skills. 1．What problem can sustainable agriculture education address? A．The urgent threat posed by climate change. B．The growing challenges of ensuring food security. C．Students’ ignorance of environmental conservation. D．Students’ lack of direct engagement with farming. 2．How does sustainable agriculture education benefit students? A．By improving their physical strength. B．By boosting their academic performance. C．By maximizing their personal contributions. D．By developing their qualities and capabilities. 3．What does “tangible” underlined in paragraph 4 mean? A．Available. B．Concrete. C．Flexible. D．Complex. 4．What does the author suggest on agricultural education? A．Finding a sunny farm. B．Buying costly equipment first. C．Waiting for perfect conditions. D．Starting with accessible projects. 【答案】1．D 2．D 3．B 4．D 【导语】文章介绍了可持续农业教育对学生认知、能力与环保意识的益处。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段“This disconnection from food sources creates a broader disconnection from the environment and the systems that sustain us. Sustainable agriculture education fills this gap by giving students direct experience with how food is grown and harvested.(这种与食物来源的脱节造成了与环境和生存系统的更大脱节。可持续农业教育通过让学生直接体验食物的种植和收获来填补这一空白。)”可知，该教育解决学生缺乏农耕实践、脱离农业生产的问题。 2．推理判断题。根据第三段“Beyond environmental awareness, students also learn patience as they wait for seeds to come up and plants to mature. They develop problem-solving abilities when facing challenges such as pests, drought, and unexpected weather. They practice responsibility through regular care and maintenance of plants and animals. They experience how individual contributions combine to create collective success. Many students also discover they enjoy and excel at hands-on work, building confidence that might not emerge in traditional academic settings.(除了提升环境意识，学生们在等待种子发芽、作物成熟的过程中学会了耐心。面对虫害、干旱和异常天气等挑战时，他们培养了解决问题的能力。通过对动植物的日常照料和维护，他们践行着责任感。他们亲身体会到个人贡献如何汇聚成集体成果。许多学生还发现自己喜爱并擅长动手实践，这建立了在传统课堂中可能无法获得的自信。)”可知，该教育全面培养学生的个人品质与综合能力。 3．词句猜测题。根据第四段“When students work with living systems, they witness cause-and-effect relationships that might otherwise remain abstract. Water conservation becomes personal when students must regularly irrigate their plants and can observe the consequences of too much or too little water. Installing rainwater collectors, learning about drip irrigation, or comparing the water needs of different crops can make resource management tangible.(当学生们接触生命系统时，那些原本可能停留在抽象层面的因果关系变得清晰可见。当学生必须定期灌溉作物，并能直观看到水分过多或过少带来的后果时，节水意识就转化为切身感受。安装雨水收集器、学习滴灌技术、比较不同作物的需水量，这些实践能让资源管理变得tangible。)”可知，亲身实践让抽象知识变为具体可感知的内容。tangible意为“具体的”。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段“The key is to start with manageable projects that can succeed.(关键在于从可操作、能成功的项目起步。)”可知，作者建议从简单易开展、可实现的项目入手。 Passage 2 （2026·辽宁·模拟预测）For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people. Trace of Land is one of the examples. Designers reinterpret the hay bale (干草捆) as spatial equipment that unfolds across the fields of Val Badia in the Italian Dolomites. Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings. The land art equipment is a continuous path made of unfolded hay bales. It moves with the outline of the Alpine landscape. Removed from its functional role in farming, the ha y bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land. Often seen as typical parts of farm life, hay bales are in fact products of industrialized processes, stored and transported by machinery. In Trace of Land, this industrial form is loosened and reshaped, creating a structure that switches between lying on the ground and lifting lightly to form shaded passages. The result is a temporary canopy that strikes a balance between agricultural efficiency and the natural setting. In line with the theme of SMACH 2026, hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment. Visitors are invited to walk along and beneath the structure, using box-shaped bales arranged as seating to pause and reflect. As time passes, the hay will naturally break down, returning to the soil and completing a cycle of use and renewal. 1．What role is given to the ha y bale in the project? A．A farming tool. B．A storage device. C．A relaxation zone. D．A cultural platform. 2．What does the underlined word “reciprocal” in paragraph 4 mean? A．Formal. B．Casual. C．Mutual. D．Distant. 3．What can we learn about the ha y bale structure from the text? A．It is a permanent architectural work for farming. B．It combines artistic value with practical functions. C．It aims to promote modern industrialized farming. D．It is designed to replace traditional agricultural tools. 4．Which column of a website might the text be taken from? A．Redesigning the countryside. B．Advocating farming techniques. C．Remodeling urban landscape. D．Talking with agriculturalists. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了意大利一项名为“土地之痕”的乡村大地艺术项目，该项目将干草捆重新设计改造，打造出兼具艺术与实用价值的景观设施，诠释了人与土地之间的联系。 1．细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Presented as part of the international open-air art event — SMACH 2026, the project transforms an agricultural object into a canopy-like (类顶篷的) structure that follows the landscape, offering places for shade, rest, and gatherings.(该项目是2026年SMACH国际露天艺术展的组成部分，它将传统农耕物品改造为贴合自然地貌的顶篷式建筑，为人们提供遮阳、休憩与聚会的场所。)”可知，该项目将干草捆改造为可供人休闲、休憩的区域。 2．词句猜测题。 根据第四段中的“hay bales represent the reciprocal relationship between humans and the land, enhancing the dialog between people and the environment.(干草捆代表了人与土地之间reciprocal的关系，加强了人与环境之间的对话)”可知，这种关系是指人与土地相互作用、相互影响的关系。“reciprocal”意为“相互的”，与“Mutual”意思相近。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Removed from its functional role in farming, the hay bale becomes both sculptural and architectural, drawing attention to the relationship between human labor, tools, and the land.(干草捆脱离了原本的农耕用途，兼具雕塑艺术与建筑价值，让人们关注到人类劳动、生产工具与土地之间的关联。)”以及第二段提到的装置可遮阳、休憩的实用功能可知，该干草捆装置同时具备艺术价值与实用功能。 4．推理判断题。根据第一段中的“For several years now, the countryside has no longer functioned merely as a picturesque counterpoint (对比物) to the city but has become an active laboratory for new relationships between the landscape and people.(多年来，乡村不再仅仅是城市风景优美的映衬，而是成为了探索人与自然、地貌与人之间全新关系的实践场地。)”可知，全文围绕乡村艺术改造、重塑乡村风貌展开，最符合“重塑乡村”的栏目主题。 Passage 3 （25-26高二下·江苏无锡·期末）Soil, often taken for granted, is emerging as a powerful tool in the fight against climate change. A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. Modern farming practices, including continuous heavy ploughing (耕地) and overuse of chemical fertilizers (肥料), have seriously damaged soil structure and released large amounts of carbon into the atmosphere. In contrast, regenerative agriculture helps soil absorb and store CO₂, a major greenhouse gas, while also improving soil fertility. Thomas Gent and his family run an 800-hectare (公顷) farm on the border of Cambridgeshire and Lincolnshire. They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. “The soil is the foundation of everything we do,” Gent says. “If we look after it, it looks after us.” Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. For forward-thinking farmers, adopting regenerative farming and participating in carbon credit programs is not just environmentally responsible — it is also economically rewarding, ensuring the long-term sustainability of their farms. 1．What is the aim of regenerative farming? A．To increase agricultural production. B．To improve soil health. C．To reduce the farming cost. D．To prevent extreme weather. 2．What can be learned about Thomas Gent’s farm? A．It is the largest carbon farm in Europe. B．It depends heavily on chemical fertilizers. C．It has given up traditional ploughing for years. D．It earns most of its income from carbon credits. 3．What’s the main idea of paragraph 3? A．Extra incomes of European farmers. B．Development of soil carbon credit market. C．Popularity of greener farming methods. D．Functions of soil carbon storage companies. 4．What can be inferred about the soil carbon credit market? A．It is strictly monitored globally. B．It disturbs traditional market. C．It mainly serves large enterprises. D．It faces both support and criticism. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．D 【导语】这篇文章主要介绍了再生农业能修复土壤、固碳减温，欧洲农户可售卖土壤碳信用增收。该市场发展迅速，但存在争议，兼具环境与经济双重效益。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段中“A growing number of farmers around Europe are turning to regenerative farming to improve soil health and earn extra income by selling soil carbon credits. (越来越多的欧洲农民开始采用再生农业，以改善土壤健康，并通过出售土壤碳信用额度来增加收入。)”可知，再生农业的目标是改善土壤健康。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“They stopped ploughing entirely 17 years ago and now grow grass alongside main crops. The improved soil structure allows rainwater to drain (流走) naturally and supports healthier plant growth. (17年前，他们完全停止了耕地，现在在主作物旁种植牧草。改良后的土壤结构使雨水能够自然排泄，也促进了植物更健康的生长。)”可知，关于托马斯・金特的农场，我们可以得知它多年前就已放弃传统翻耕。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段“Companies like AgreenaCarbon specialize in measuring and confirming carbon stored in soil. Farmers receive tradable carbon credits, each representing one ton of CO₂ locked away in the soil. They can earn between £ 200 and £300 per hectare per year by selling these credits, creating a reliable extra income stream that supports their switch to greener farming methods. The soil carbon credit market is still in its early stage but expanding fast across Europe, with more than 16,000 farmers in 16 countries having joined such programmes, covering over 1.6 million hectares of land. (像AgreenaCarbon这样的公司专门负责测量和确认土壤中储存的碳。农民可以获得可交易的碳信用额度，每份信用额度代表一吨被锁定在土壤中的二氧化碳。他们每年每公顷可通过出售这些碳信用额度获得200至300英镑的收入，形成可靠的额外收入来源，从而支持其转向更环保的农业方式。土壤碳信用市场目前仍处于早期阶段，但正在欧洲快速扩展，已有16个国家超过1.6万名农民加入此类项目，覆盖面积超过160万公顷土地。)”可知，第三段先介绍碳信用的运作模式（企业核量、农民获券、出售获利），随后说明该市场尚处初期但扩张迅速，覆盖了多国大量农户与土地，核心围绕土壤碳信用市场的发展展开。 4．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Critics warn that the voluntary carbon market risks greenwashing if projects are not strictly monitored and checked. However, supporters believe soil carbon projects bring multiple environmental and economic benefits: better soil health, higher biodiversity, less soil erosion (侵蚀) and measurable climate action. (批评者警告称，如果项目缺乏严格监督和检查，自愿碳市场可能面临“绿色漂白”风险。然而，支持者认为，土壤碳项目带来了多重环境与经济效益：改善土壤健康、提升生物多样性、减少土壤侵蚀以及实现可量化的气候行动。)”可知，关于土壤碳信用市场，我们可以推断出它同时面临支持与批评。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·福建南平·期末）Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”. This shift is most visible in agricultural education. Britain’s agricultural colleges and universities, once limited to sons of the landowners, military officers and government officials, now welcome students from all walks of life. Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader. Beyond education, the definition (定义) of “farm” job has expanded dramatically — driven by global demand that the world population is predicted to grow by another two billion before 2050. Agricultural technology and innovation now covers everything from drone mechanics, robotic harvesters and intelligent software. Even tech-focused students who may never get dirt under their fingernails play a crucial role in boosting food production. Technology itself is speeding up this change: AI, for example, is already changing the farming industry. It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things. In short, modern farming is no longer bound (束缚) by tradition. Whether one’s interest is in animal care, environmental science, tech or business, there’s a job in modern farming to satisfy it. As one expert noted, “The business of growing is growing.” 1．What does the underlined word “stereotype” in paragraph 1 mean? A．Fixed idea. B．Job requirement. C．Relaxing job. D．Family ambition. 2．Which can best describe present agricultural education? A．Various and broad. B．Specific and limited. C．Traditional and practical. D．Popular and affordable. 3．How does AI promote farming? A．By predicting the weather. B．By collecting and applying data. C．By replacing farmers entirely. D．By growing crops automatically. 4．What can be a suitable title for the text? A．AI: A Tool for Higher Crop Production B．Traditional Farming: Root of Agriculture C．Agricultural Education: Open to All Students D．Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype 【答案】1．A 2．A 3．B 4．D 【导语】本文介绍现代农业打破传统固有认知，在教育、岗位以及科技应用方面都迎来全新发展面貌。 1．词句猜测题。根据第一段中的“Farming has traditionally been viewed as a physically demanding job which often passed down from one generation to the next. However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned.(传统上，农业被视为一种体力劳动强度大的工作，通常由一代传给下一代。然而，这种长期持有的stereotype现在正被推翻。)”可知，这种“代代相传的体力劳动”的看法是一种根深蒂固的固定观念，再结合“However”表转折，说明这种观念正在被改变，因此“stereotype”意为“固定观念”，与“Fixed idea”意思相近。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Today, young men and women are learning how to raise farm animals, grow crops and manage the land, but also taking modern courses as diverse as food security, environmental science, wildlife protection, water management, business, etc. The range of agricultural learning has never been broader.(今天，年轻男女不仅在学习如何饲养牲畜、种植庄稼和管理土地，还在学习从粮食安全、环境科学、野生动物保护、水资源管理到商业等多样化的现代课程。农业学习的范围从未像现在这样广泛。)”可知，当前的农业教育种类繁多且范围广阔。 3．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“It is gathering data about soil conditions, crop health and weather systems at lightning speed to help reduce the use of chemicals, save water and predict the harvest, among many other things.(它以闪电般的速度收集有关土壤状况、作物健康和天气系统的数据，以帮助减少化学品使用、节约用水和预测收成，以及其他许多事情。)”可知，人工智能通过收集和应用数据来促进农业发展。 4．主旨大意题。通读全文，文章开篇“However, this long-held stereotype is now being overturned. Today, when you ask who the next generation of farmers will be, the answer is no longer automatically “the current farmer’s son or daughter”.(然而，这种长期存在的刻板印象如今正在被打破。如今，当你问下一代农民会是谁时，答案已不再自动是“现任农民的儿子或女儿”。)”即点明主题，传统的农业观念正在被颠覆，随后介绍了教育和科技如何推动农业向现代化、多元化转变。D选项“Modern Farming: Beyond the Old Stereotype(现代农业：超越旧有的刻板印象)”最能概括全文主旨。 Passage 5 （2026·河北沧州·一模）While pesticides (杀虫剂) are common in many gardens, they’re not the only option when it comes to creating a beautiful backyard. But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. 1 Here, we explore steps to create a garden with natural interventions. Try lazy gardening Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. 2 These multiple functions lay the foundation for a rich and healthy environment. Reframe the idea of “pests” and “weeds” The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. 3 Most weeds are native species that provide food and shelter for wildlife. Use biological controls 4 Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. Learn to spot problems early When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. 5 A．It’s about working with nature. B．Prevent weeds with organic matters. C．Going organic offers a full harvest of positives. D．They also provide safe habitats for garden creatures. E．Natural enemies can help you manage your garden ecosystem. F．This not only builds your gardening skills but also saves you money. G．Similarly, “weeds” are simply plants growing where we prefer them not to. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．G 4．E 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了打造有机花园的方法，倡导与自然协作，用自然方式维护花园生态平衡。 1．上文“But going organic isn’t merely about avoiding harm of pesticides. (但是，有机种植不仅仅是为了避免杀虫剂的危害)”提到有机种植不仅仅是为了避免杀虫剂的危害，A选项“它是关于与自然合作”中it指代上文提及的有机种植，承接上文，解释了有机种植的真正含义，即与自然合作，符合语境。故选A。 2．上文“Worried about leaves building up on your ground? Sweep pathways to keep them safe and clear, but leaves left to break down become natural plant nutrition and soil conditioner. (担心地上堆积的树叶？清扫小路以保持它们的安全和畅通，但是留下的树叶分解后会成为天然的植物营养和土壤改良剂)”提到树叶分解后会成为天然的植物营养和土壤改良剂，D选项“它们还为花园里的生物提供了安全的栖息地”进一步阐述了树叶的益处，即提供栖息地，符合语境。故选D。 3．上文“The Royal Horticultural Society encourages gardeners to think of “pests” as “wildlife in the wrong place”. It reminds us that our plants can usually handle some level of damage, and the aim shouldn’t be to destroy these creatures, but to balance them to a tolerable level. (英国皇家园艺学会鼓励园丁将“害虫”视为“放错地方的野生动物”。它提醒我们，我们的植物通常可以承受一定程度的损害，目标不应该是消灭这些生物，而是将它们平衡到一个可容忍的水平)”提到英国皇家园艺学会鼓励园丁将“害虫”视为“放错地方的野生动物”，G选项“同样，“杂草”只是长在我们不希望它们长的地方的植物”与上文相呼应，将“杂草”也进行了类似的解释，符合语境。故选G。 4．下文“Unlike pesticides, these natural predators (捕食者) don’t cause any damage to your plants or your health, and they can actually be more effective at targeting a specific problem. For example, got an aphid infestation (蚜虫侵害)? Introduce some beneficial insects that eat aphids. (与杀虫剂不同，这些天然捕食者不会对你的植物或健康造成任何损害，而且它们实际上在针对特定问题时更有效。例如，有蚜虫侵害？引入一些吃蚜虫的有益昆虫)”提到天然捕食者可以帮助解决特定问题，E选项“天敌可以帮助你管理你的花园生态系统”总结了上文内容，即天敌在花园生态系统中的作用，符合语境。故选E。 5．上文“When you can spot and identify problems early on, it’s much easier to take action. For instance, you find disease spots on the leaves of your climbing plants, and quickly cut the infected leaves off — the problem should be solved, and no treatment is required. Or your plants look weak, so you check if the water can go into the soil well, and adjust your watering schedule. (当你能够尽早发现并识别问题时，采取行动就容易多了。例如，你在攀缘植物的叶子上发现了病斑，并迅速剪掉受感染的叶子——问题应该就解决了，不需要治疗。或者你的植物看起来很弱，所以你检查水是否能很好地渗入土壤，并调整你的浇水计划)”提到尽早发现并识别问题可以更容易地采取行动，F选项“这不仅提高了你的园艺技能，还为你节省了钱”总结了上文内容的好处，即提高园艺技能和节省钱，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 6 （25-26高三上·新疆·阶段检测）Organic farming has gained much attention as people grow more concerned about food safety and environmental protection. Unlike conventional farming, which relies heavily on fertilizers, and pesticides, organic farming follows strict guidelines to keep soil healthy, protect biodiversity, and avoid harmful chemicals. 1 They also help keep the environment in good condition in the long run. One important rule of organic farming is taking care of soil. Organic farmers use natural methods like growing different crops in the same area over time to stop pests from building up and makes soil more fertile. 2 The materials, made from rotted plant and animal waste, add important nutrients to soil and help good tiny organisms grow. 3 For example, organic farms are homes for wild animals such as birds, insects and small mammals. Not using man-made pesticides protects pollinators like bees. These insects are very important for plants to produce seeds. Besides, organic methods reduce water pollution. No harmful chemicals flow into rivers, lakes or underground water. Despite its benefits, organic farming has problems too. A major issue is lower yield than conventional farming. Without fertilizers to boost growth, crops produce less per acre. This lower yield makes organic food more expensive. Moreover, organic certification costs a lot and takes time, making it hard for small-scale farmers to adopt. 4 However, organic farming’s future looks promising. Advances in techniques, like natural pest control and better soil management, boost yields. 5 Governments also support it by research funding, and sustainable agriculture policies. As more recognize its benefits, organic farming will play a bigger role in global food production. A．These methods make sure food is safe and healthy. B．Organic farming works with nature to produce food. C．These challenges limit its expansion, even as demand rises. D．Organic farming also benefits biodiversity and the environment. E．Many consumers pay more for organic products for health benefits. F．Also, consumer awareness and demand for organic products grow fast. G．Another natural thing to improve soil in organic farming is farm wastes. 【答案】1．A 2．G 3．D 4．C 5．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了有机农业的优势、挑战以及其未来的发展前景。 1．由上文“Unlike conventional farming, which relies heavily on fertilizers, and pesticides, organic farming follows strict guidelines to keep soil healthy, protect biodiversity, and avoid harmful chemicals.(与严重依赖化肥和除害药物的传统农业不同，有机农业遵循严格的标准，以保持土壤健康，保护生物多样性，避免使用有害化学物质。)”可知，上文介绍了有机农业遵循严格的标准，本空应说明这样做的好处，A选项“These methods make sure food is safe and healthy.(这些方法确保食物安全健康。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选A。 2．由上文“Organic farmers use natural methods like growing different crops in the same area over time to stop pests from building up and makes soil more fertile.(有机农民使用自然方法，比如在同一地区种植不同的作物，以阻止害虫的积累，使土壤更肥沃。)”以及下文“The  materials, made from rotted plant and animal waste, add important  nutrients to soil and help good tiny organisms grow.(这些材料由腐烂的动植物废物制成，为土壤添加重要的营养物质，帮助有益的微生物生长。)”可知，上文说明了有机农业保护土壤的一种自然方法，下文说明另一种自然方法，本空应引出另一种改善土壤的自然方法。G选项“Another natural thing to improve soil in organic farming is farm wastes.(有机农业中另一种改善土壤的自然方法是农场废弃物。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 3．由下文“For example, organic farms are homes for wild animals such as birds, insects and small mammals. Not using man-made pesticides protects pollinators like bees. These insects are very important for plants to produce seeds. Besides, organic methods reduce water pollution. No harmful chemicals flow into rivers, lakes or underground water.(例如，有机农场是鸟类、昆虫和小型哺乳动物等野生动物的家园。不使用人造杀虫剂可以保护像蜜蜂这样的传粉者。这些昆虫对植物产生种子非常重要。此外，有机方法减少水污染。没有有害化学物质流入河流、湖泊或地下水。)”可知，下文介绍了有机农业对生物多样性和环境的好处，本空应概括这一主旨，D选项“Organic farming also benefits biodiversity and the environment.(有机农业也有利于生物多样性和环境。)”能概括下文内容，符合语境。故选D。 4．由上文“Despite its benefits, organic farming has problems too. A major issue is lower yield than conventional farming. Without fertilizers to boost growth, crops produce less per acre. This lower yield makes organic food more expensive. Moreover, organic certification costs a lot and takes time, making it hard for small-scale farmers to adopt.(尽管有机农业有其优势，但也存在问题。一个主要问题是产量低于传统农业。没有化肥来促进生长，每英亩作物的产量就会减少。这种较低的产量使得有机食品更加昂贵。此外，有机认证成本高昂且耗时，使得小规模农民难以采用。)”可知，上文介绍了有机农业面临的问题，本空应说明这些问题带来的影响，C选项“These challenges limit its expansion, even as demand rises.(尽管需求在上升，但这些挑战限制了其扩张。)”能承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 5．由上文“However, organic farming’s future looks promising. Advances in techniques, like natural pest control and better soil management, boost yields.(然而，有机农业的未来看起来很有希望。自然害虫控制和更好的土壤管理等技术的进步提高了产量。)”以及下文“Governments also support it by research funding, and sustainable agriculture policies.(政府还通过研究资金和可持续农业政策来支持它。)”可知，上文介绍了有机农业的未来有希望，下文介绍了政府对有机农业的支持，本空应说明其他对有机农业有利的因素，F选项“Also, consumer awareness and demand for organic products grow fast.(此外，消费者对有机产品的认识和需求也在快速增长。)”能承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 Passage 7 （25-26高二上·江西上饶·期末）At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing. 1 , he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei, a place full of saline-alkali (盐碱) land. With a background in hardware development, he said, “Office work felt 2 from real farming. Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them 3 .” In 2023, Duan 4 Laoting Agricultural Group as a hardware engineer. He led a team to develop automated systems for the farm. They 5 1,500 mu of low-yield land into rich fields. The rice yield went up to 700 kg per unit. How did they do it? Using 6 like IoT, automated machines, and data apps. “Farmers can 7 soil moisture on their phones and control water with smart valves (阀门),” Duan explained. This not only cuts fertilizer waste but also 8 harvests. Unmanned equipment has also made labor costs 9 . The team also tried “green innovation”: raising crabs and crayfish in paddy fields. Flushing water often reduces soil salinity, and this 10 both rice and seafood. Working with research institutes, they test new 11 . “Farmers used to 12 unfamiliar seeds,” Duan said. “But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them 13 us.” Today, the team uses AI to make planting models 14 . “We want smart farming to be easy for everyone to 15 ,” Duan said. “Our tech can help Chinese agriculture grow and more farmers live better lives.” Through hard work, Duan shows that technology can turn poor land into rich farms — a lesson beyond any textbook. 1．A．Therefore B．Besides C．However D．Otherwise 2．A．similar B．connected C．free D．disconnected 3．A．suddenly B．directly C．carefully D．usually 4．A．joined B．left C．started D．visited 5．A．transformed B．divided C．destroyed D．covered 6．A．skills B．rules C．methods D．technologies 7．A．change B．monitor C．increase D．reduce 8．A．checks B．records C．improves D．measures 9．A．drop B．rise C．stop D．stay 10．A．harms B．tests C．needs D．helps 11．A．tools B．seeds C．machines D．apps 12．A．believe B．accept C．doubt D．grow 13．A．witness B．trust C．teach D．follow 14．A．better B．bigger C．cheaper D．faster 15．A．assess B．share C．use D．develop 【答案】 1．C 2．D 3．B 4．A 5．A 6．D 7．B 8．C 9．A 10．D 11．B 12．C 13．B 14．A 15．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了硬件工程师段严严放弃北京稳定工作，到河北盐碱地地区投身智慧农业，利用物联网、自动化等科技改良土壤、提高产量，并带领团队探索“稻蟹共生”等绿色模式，推动农业现代化发展的故事。 1．考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，他选择在河北省乐亭县工作，这是一个充满盐碱地的地方。A. Therefore因此；B. Besides此外；C. However然而；D. Otherwise否则。根据前文“At 32, Duan Yanyan could have had a stable career in Beijing.(他本可以在北京有稳定事业)”与后文“he chose to work in Laoting county, Hebei”的对比可知，两句之间是明显的转折关系，用“However”连接。故选C项。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：办公室工作感觉与真正的农业脱节。A. similar相似的；B. connected连接的；C. free自由的；D. disconnected脱节的，无联系的。根据后文他的解释“Being in the field helps me use machines, find problems, and fix them .”可知，他认为亲临田间地头才能解决问题，这说明之前办公室工作与实际情况是“脱节”的。故选D项。 3．考查副词词义辨析。句意：在田间地头帮助我操作机器、发现问题并直接解决问题。A. suddenly突然；B. directly直接地；C. carefully仔细地；D. usually通常。根据前文“Office work felt from real farming.”的对比，亲临现场的优势就是能“直接”面对和处理问题，省去中间环节。故选B项。 4．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2023年，段严严加入乐亭农业集团，成为一名硬件工程师。A. joined加入；B. left离开；C. started开始；D. visited参观。根据后文“as a hardware engineer”以及他“led a team to develop automated systems”等行动可知，他“加入”了该集团并担任职务。故选A项。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们把1500亩低产田变成了肥沃的田地。A. transformed转变，改造；B. divided分割；C. destroyed破坏；D. covered覆盖。根据后文“into rich fields”以及产量“went up to 700 kg per unit”的提升可知，他们将贫瘠土地“改造”成了良田。故选A项。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：使用物联网、自动化机器和数据应用等技术。A. skills技能；B. rules规则；C. methods方法；D. technologies技术。根据所列举的例子“IoT, automated machines, and data apps”可知，这些都是具体的现代“技术”手段。故选D项。 7．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“农民可以在手机上监测土壤湿度，并通过智能阀门控制水，”段解释道。A. change改变；B. monitor监测；C. increase增加；D. reduce减少。根据后文“soil moisture on their phones”可推知，农民可以在手机上“监测”土壤湿度。故选B项。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：这不仅减少了肥料浪费，还提高了收成。A. checks检查；B. records记录；C. improves提高；D. measures测量。根据前文“cuts fertilizer waste”以及科技应用带来的积极效果，产量从低产提升到“700 kg per unit”可知，收成得到了“提高”。故选C项。 9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：无人设备也使得人工成本下降了。A. drop下降；B. rise上升；C. stop停止；D. stay保持。根据前文“Unmanned equipment”以及常识可知，使用无人设备(自动化)取代部分人力，通常会“降低”劳动力成本。故选A项。 10．考查动词词义辨析。句意：经常灌水降低了土壤盐分，这对水稻和海产品都有帮助。A. harms伤害；B. tests测试；C. needs需要；D. helps帮助。根据前文“green innovation(绿色创新)”以及“reduces soil salinity (降低盐分)”这一积极措施可知，此做法对水稻和混养的螃蟹、小龙虾都有“益处”。故选D项。 11．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们与研究机构合作，测试新的种子。A. tools工具；B. seeds种子；C. machines机器；D. apps应用程序。根据后文“Farmers used to unfamiliar seeds”可知，此处表示他们在测试“种子”。故选B项。 12．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“农民过去常常怀疑不熟悉的种子，”段说。A. believe相信；B. accept接受；C. doubt怀疑；D. grow种植。根据后文“But showing them yield data after each harvest helps them us.”的转折，以及“unfamiliar (不熟悉的)”一词可推知，农民最初的态度是“怀疑”。故选C项。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意：但每次收获后向他们展示产量数据有助于他们信任我们。A. witness目击；B. trust信任；C. teach教导；D. follow跟随。根据上文“Farmers used to unfamiliar seeds”以及语境可知，农民起初怀疑，通过展示实际数据(yield data)这一事实证据，目的是改变他们的态度，赢得“信任”。故选B项。 14．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：如今，团队利用人工智能使种植模式变得更好。A. better更好；B. bigger更大；C. cheaper更便宜；D. faster更快。根据全文脉络，团队一直在利用科技(IoT, automated machines, data apps)不断改进农业，现在用AI是为了进一步优化种植模型，使其更科学、高效，即变得“更好”。故选A项。 15．考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我们希望智慧农业变得容易，让每个人都能使用，”段说。A. assess评估；B. share分享；C. use使用；D. develop发展。根据前文描述的各种技术应用(监控、控制、优化)以及“easy for everyone”的目标，团队的根本目的是让这些先进技术能够被广大农民轻易地“使用”起来，从而惠及更多人。故选C项。 Passage 8 （25-26高二上·广东汕头·期中）Yang Haoran, born into a family of cotton farmers, spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields. He 1 how hard his parents had to work using conventional farming methods, as well as how automation has 2 productivity and saved labor. Having finished university, Yang became a 3 farmer himself. However, unlike his parents, his experience has been very 4 : he manages over 200,000 square meters of cotton fields and always 5 new ways to improve efficiency through technological 6 . In 2018, he saw the great 7 of using drones (无人机) in farming and established his own company, which 8 13 drone operators, all of whom are post-90s workers like Yang himself. “We are like a big family, with members from different ethnic groups,” Yang said 9 . In peak growing season, they move their 10 in a skillful way over the fields while in the off-season, they train local farmers to 11 drones. To date, Yang’s team has trained hundreds of local farmers. “This will enable them to acquire new technologies, allowing them to 12 the advances in modern agriculture,” he said. Yang’s 13 does not end there. He has recently taken up a precision farming project, which uses drones to 14 data for light analysis, and transmit real-time data on crop growth and soil moisture to the irrigation and fertilizer equipment for precision 15 . 1．A．recalled B．witnessed C．complained D．assumed 2．A．integrated B．evaluated C．spared D．boosted 3．A．cotton B．rice C．wheat D．sorghum 4．A．visible B．different C．complex D．multiple 5．A．transforms B．handles C．seeks D．adjusts 6．A．presentation B．extension C．interaction D．innovation 7．A．concept B．potential C．theory D．framework 8．A．employs B．attains C．entertains D．promotes 9．A．honestly B．willingly C．proudly D．gently 10．A．machines B．drones C．pumps D．switches 11．A．operate B．launch C．display D．update 12．A．break away from B．look forward to C．try out for D．keep up with 13．A．dream B．genius C．insight D．theory 14．A．generate B．collect C．assess D．predict 15．A．communication B．industry C．agriculture D．tourism 【答案】 1．B 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 6．D 7．B 8．A 9．C 10．B 11．A 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．C 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了棉农家庭出身的杨皓然，大学毕业后用科技经营棉田，创办公司推广无人机农耕技术并开展培训的故事。 1．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他目睹了父母用传统农耕方式劳作的艰辛，也看到了自动化如何提高生产力、节省劳动力。A. recalled 回忆；B. witnessed目睹；C. complained抱怨；D. assumed假设。根据上文“spent his childhood playing in the cotton fields”可知，此处指杨皓然从小看到父母劳作的状态。故选B。 2．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他目睹了父母用传统农耕方式劳作的艰辛，也看到了自动化如何提高生产力、节省劳动力。A. integrated整合；B. evaluated评估；C. spared节省；D. boosted提高。根据上文“automation”及下文“saved labor”可知，自动化对生产力的作用是提高。故选D。 3．考查名词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，杨皓然自己也成了一名棉农。A. cotton棉花；B. rice水稻；C. wheat小麦；D. sorghum高粱。根据上文“born into a family of cotton farmers”可知，此处指杨皓然从事的是棉花种植。故选A。 4．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，和父母不同，他的经历大不相同：他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，总是通过技术创新寻找提高效率的新方法。A. visible可见的；B. different不同的；C. complex复杂的；D. multiple多样的。根据上文“unlike his parents”及下文“new ways”可知，此处指他的经历大不一样。故选B。 5．考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，和父母不同，他的经历大不相同：他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，总是通过技术创新寻找提高效率的新方法。A. transforms转变；B. handles处理；C. seeks寻找；D. adjusts调整。根据下文“new ways to improve efficiency”可知，此处指他主动寻找方法。故选C。 6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，和父母不同，他的经历大不相同：他管理着20多万平方米的棉田，总是通过技术创新寻找提高效率的新方法。A. presentation展示；B. extension扩展；C. interaction互动；D. innovation创新。根据下文“using drones (无人机) in farming”可知，此处指技术创新。故选D。 7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：2018年，他看到了无人机在农业中的巨大潜力，创办了自己的公司，该公司雇佣了13名无人机操作员，都是像他一样的90后。A. concept概念；B. potential潜力；C. theory理论；D. framework框架。根据下文“established his own company”可知，此处指他看到了无人机的应用潜力。故选B。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意：2018年，他看到了无人机在农业中的巨大潜力，创办了自己的公司，该公司雇佣了13名无人机操作员，都是像他一样的90后。A. employs雇佣；B. attains获得；C. entertains娱乐；D. promotes推广。根据下文“13 drone operators”及“all of whom are post-90s workers”可知，此处指公司雇佣员工。故选A。 9．考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我们就像一个大家庭，成员来自不同民族，”杨皓然自豪地说。A. honestly诚实地；B. willingly乐意地；C. proudly自豪地；D. gently温和地。根据上文“We are like a big family”可知，此处是他自豪地介绍团队。故选C。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：在作物生长旺季，他们熟练地操控无人机在田地上空作业；在淡季，他们培训当地农民操作无人机。A. machines机器；B. drones无人机；C. pumps泵；D. switches开关。根据上文“using drones (无人机) in farming”及“13 drone operators”可知，此处指操作的工具是无人机。故选B。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在作物生长旺季，他们熟练地操控无人机在田地上空作业；在淡季，他们培训当地农民操作无人机。A. operate操作；B. launch发射；C. display展示；D. update更新。根据上文“13 drone operators”可知，培训的是操作无人机。故选A。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：“这将使他们掌握新技术，让他们跟上现代农业的发展步伐，” 他说。A. break away from脱离；B. look forward to期待；C. try out for参加选拔；D. keep up with跟上。根据上文“acquire new technologies”可知，掌握技术是为了跟上农业发展。故选D。 13．考查名词词义辨析。句意：杨皓然的梦想并未止步于此。A. dream梦想；B. genius天赋，天才；C. insight洞察，见解；D. theory理论。根据下文“He has recently taken up a precision farming project”及他创办公司、推广无人机农耕技术的一系列行动可知，此处指他在农业领域的梦想延续。故选A。 14．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他最近开展了一个精准农业项目，利用无人机收集数据进行光照分析，并将作物生长和土壤湿度的实时数据传输给灌溉和施肥设备，以实现精准农业。A. generate生成；B. collect收集；C. assess评估；D. predict预测。根据下文“data for light analysis, and transmit real-time data”可知，无人机的作用是收集数据。故选B。 15．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他最近开展了一个精准农业项目，利用无人机收集数据进行光照分析，并将作物生长和土壤湿度的实时数据传输给灌溉和施肥设备，以实现精准农业。A. communication通信；B. industry工业；C. agriculture农业；D. tourism旅游。根据上文“He has recently taken up a precision farming project”及全文围绕农业展开可知，此处指精准农业。故选C。 Passage 9 （25-26高二下·河北衡水·阶段检测）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或使用括号中单词的正确形式。 Along the southern edge of the Maowusu Desert, an apple harvest is in full swing. Farmers move through trees, their baskets filling with fruit that shines in the warm autumn light. It’s 1 scene of abundance (丰盛) that would have been unthinkable just twenty years ago. The transformation is part of a quiet agricultural revolution — the northward march of Shaanxi’s apple belt, extending hundreds of kilometers into 2 was once an unyielding desert. Shaanxi’s traditional apple-growing areas were concentrated in the area north of the Weihe River. In recent years, the planting zone 3 (expand) northward all the way to the Maowusu Desert, which means one in every four apples 4 (harvest) in China now comes from Shaanxi. The story of this expansion is written in the weathered face of 85-year-old Zhang Binggui. In 2003, after retiring, he rented sandy land in Yulin, determined 5 (make) something grow. His early experiments with grapes and date trees ended in 6 (fail), drawing laughter from neighbors. However, Zhang’s perseverance led him to shift his focus 7 apples. Through years of trial and error, today, he, 8 (eventual) pioneered techniques for sandy soil, increased sales through e-commerce 9 brought their sandy land apples to the national market. This northward march is also a story written by the changing climate. Between 2010 and 2024, the city’s average yearly rainfall rose. Once known for its vast 10 (stretch) of shifting dunes (沙丘), the Maowusu Desert is now turning green. 【答案】 1．a 2．what 3．has expanded/has been expanded 4．harvested 5．to make 6．failure 7．to 8．eventually 9．and 10．stretches 【导语】文章主要讲述了陕西苹果种植带向北扩展至毛乌素沙漠的农业变革。 1．考查冠词。句意：这是一个二十年前难以想象的丰收景象。scene为可数名词单数，此处表示泛指，且abundance的发音以元音音素开头，应用不定冠词a。 2．考查宾语从句。句意：这场转变是一场悄然发生的农业革命的一部分——陕西省苹果带向北推进，延伸数百公里，进入昔日荒芜的沙漠地带。空处引导宾语从句，作介词into的宾语，从句中缺少主语，表示“……的地方”，应用连接代词what。 3．考查动词时态和语态。句意：近年来，种植区不断向北扩展，一直延伸至毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每收获四个苹果中就有一个来自陕西。根据时间状语In recent years可知，应用现在完成时；主语the planting zone与expand之间可构成主动或被动关系，主语为单数，助动词用has。 4．考查非谓语动词。句意：近年来，种植区不断向北扩展，一直延伸至毛乌素沙漠，这意味着中国每收获四个苹果中就有一个来自陕西。空处作后置定语修饰apples，apples与harvest之间为逻辑被动关系，应用过去分词harvested作后置定语。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：2003年退休后，他在榆林租了沙地，决心种出点什么。be determined to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”。 6．考查名词。句意：他早期尝试种植葡萄和枣树均以失败告终，引来邻居的嘲笑。空处作介词in的宾语，应用名词形式。fail是动词，其名词形式是failure，表示“失败”。 7．考查介词。句意：然而，张的坚持不懈使他将重心转向苹果。shift...to...为固定搭配，意为“将……转移到……”。 8．考查副词。句意：经过多年的反复试验，如今他最终开创了沙地种植技术，通过电商增加销量，并将他们的沙地苹果推向了全国市场。空处修饰动词pioneered，应用副词作状语。eventual是形容词，其副词形式是eventually，表示“最终”。 9．考查连词。句意：经过多年的反复试验，如今他最终开创了沙地种植技术，通过电商增加销量，并将他们的沙地苹果推向了全国市场。pioneered、increased和brought三个动作之间为并列关系，应用并列连词and连接。 10．考查名词复数。句意：毛乌素沙漠曾以其广袤连绵的流动沙丘而闻名，如今正在变绿。stretch表示“一片（土地或水域）”时为可数名词，其前有vast修饰，且根据句意，沙丘是多片区域，应用复数形式stretches作宾语。 Passage 10 （25-26高二下·河南开封·期中）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 One day after his 1 (dead), a mountain of yellow and white flowers was seen outside his home in Changsha. Among them were bowls of 2 (boil) rice. Several of the mourners said that whenever they sat down to a meal, they would remember “Grandfather Yuan Longping”, 3 super rice has helped to feed China and the world. In 1970, Yuan Longping succeeded 4 crossbreeding the ordinary rice and the wild rice. Since then, he kept on working to make his rice better. Thanks to his hybrid rice, China’s rice crop rose from 57m tonnes in 1950 to 195m in 2017. Higher rice yields also allowed farmers to turn more land to other 5 (use) — fruit, vegetables, fish ponds — so that people not only ate more, 6 also ate well. That was 7 Yuan had done for the world as well. Once his rice grew well, he 8 (donate) seeds to the International Rice Research Institute in the Philippines. Then he travelled all across Asia, Africa and America 9 (popularize) the technology. He also invited foreign students to the Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Centre in Changsha to instruct them. A 10 (five) of all rice grown globally now comes from his super rice. 【答案】 1．death 2．boiled 3．whose 4．in 5．uses 6．but 7．what 8．donated 9．to popularize 10．fifth 【导语】本文讲述了“杂交水稻之父”袁隆平院士逝世后民众的哀悼，并回顾了他为解决全球粮食问题所做出的卓越贡献。 1．考查名词。句意：在他去世后的一天，人们在他长沙的家外看到了堆积如山的黄白色鲜花。空格位于形容词性物主代词his之后，应填入名词作宾语。dead的名词形式为death，意为“死亡”，不可数。 2．考查非谓语动词。句意：其中有几碗煮熟的米饭。空处为定语修饰名词rice，boil与rice之间是被动关系（米饭被煮熟），应用过去分词作定语。 3．考查定语从句。句意：每当他们坐下来吃饭时，都会想起“袁隆平爷爷”，他的超级稻帮助养活了中国和世界。此处为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Grandfather Yuan Longping，指人，从句中super rice缺少定语，表示“他的超级稻”，所以使用关系代词whose引导该定语从句。 4．考查介词。句意：1970年，袁隆平成功地将普通稻和野生稻进行了杂交。succeed in doing sth.为固定搭配，意为“成功做某事”。 5．考查名词复数。句意：更高的水稻产量也使农民能够将更多的土地用于其他用途——水果、蔬菜、鱼塘。此处other后接名词，use为可数名词，意为“用途”，根据后文列举的多种用途可知应用复数形式。 6．考查连词。句意：这样人们不仅吃得更多，而且吃得更好。not only...but also...为固定搭配，意为“不仅……而且……”。 7．考查表语从句。句意：那也是袁隆平为世界所做的事情。此处为表语从句，引导词作宾语，表示“……所做的事情”。 8．考查动词时态。句意：一旦他的水稻长势良好，他就把种子捐赠给了菲律宾的国际水稻研究所。空处为句子谓语，描述的是过去发生的事情，应用一般过去时。donate的过去式为donated。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：然后他走遍亚洲、非洲和美洲来推广这项技术。此处用不定式作目的状语，表示他旅行的目的是推广技术。 10．考查数词。句意：如今，全球种植的水稻中有五分之一来自他的超级稻。空格位于不定冠词a之后、介词of之前，应用分数。分数的分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子大于1时，分母用复数。此处分子是A，应用“a/one + 序数词”的形式表示“几分之一”，five的序数词是fifth。 ( 1 / 29 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $