Unit 1 Great People 单元自测2026-2027学年沪教版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 本试卷为沪教版九年级上册Unit 1 Great People单元自测卷，以中外伟人（如张衡、郭守敬、钱学森等）为情境素材，覆盖非谓语动词、词性转换等核心语法及"convince""significant"等单元词汇，融合语言能力与文化意识培养，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |语法选择|10题/10分|spend doing, manage to do等|以张衡发明地动仪为情境，考查语法在历史场景中的应用| |完形填空|10题/10分|动词辨析（solve, approach）、名词（attention, fame）|讲述郭守敬改进历法故事，渗透"坚持与创新"价值观| |阅读理解|15题/30分|细节理解、词义猜测（breakthroughs）|选取华罗庚、钱学森等传记，培养信息提取与文化认同| |书面表达|1题/15分|伟人品质分析与观点表达|要求结合袁隆平案例论述"伟人特质"，提升思维品质与表达能力|

Unit 1 Great People 单元自测2026-2027学年九年级上册新教材沪教版 学校：___________ 班级：___________ 姓名：___________ 分数：___________ （时间：100分钟，满分：110分） 一、单项选择（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 1. I'm ______ that Tu Youyou's discovery has saved millions of lives around the world. A. convincing B. convinced C. convince D. to convince 2. Marie Curie is considered ______ one of the greatest scientists in history. A. be B. being C. to be D. is 3. Despite many failures, the team managed ______ a new vaccine after years of research. A. to develop B. developing C. developed D. develop 4. To tell the ______, real greatness comes from ______ helping others, not just personal success. A. true; truly B. truth; true C. true; true D. truth; truly 5. It is ______ for us to learn from great people, as their spirits can guide us through difficulties. A. tiny B. significant C. simple D. rapid 二、语法选择（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从各小题的四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，使短文连贯完整。 Zhang Heng was a great scientist and inventor in ancient China. He lived during the Eastern Han Dynasty and spent his whole life 6______ the world. He is most famous for inventing the seismograph (地动仪), which could detect earthquakes from a distance. One day, Zhang Heng was studying the stars when he felt a slight shake. He was 7______ that something unusual was happening underground. He decided to create a tool to measure such movements. After months of hard work, he 8______ to build the first seismograph in history. The device looked like a large bronze jar with eight dragon heads around it, each 9______ a bronze ball in its mouth. When an earthquake occurred, the ball would fall from the dragon’s mouth into the mouth of a bronze toad below, 10______ the direction of the quake. People at that time were amazed by his invention. Some even doubted 11______ it really worked. However, Zhang Heng proved its accuracy through many tests. His work showed 12______ important curiosity and persistence are for scientific discovery. Today, Zhang Heng is still remembered as a pioneer in seismology. His story encourages us 13______ problems with an open mind. We should never give up 14______ we face difficulties in our studies. Great achievements always come from continuous effort, not just sudden 15______. 6. A. understand B. understood C. understanding D. understands 7. A. convince B. convinced C. convincing D. to convince 8. A. manage B. manages C. managed D. managing 9. A. hold B. holds C. held D. holding 10. A. show B. showed C. showing D. to show 11. A. if B. whether C. that D. what 12. A. how B. what C. why D. when 13. A. approach B. to approach C. approaching D. approached 14. A. when B. unless C. although D. until 15. A. inspire B. inspiration C. inspiring D. inspired 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 非常抱歉刚才排版时漏放了完形填空的题目选项！现在补全完整版，所有题目均匹配Unit1核心考点，符合原文逻辑，无超纲内容： 三、完形填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Guo Shoujing was a brilliant astronomer and engineer in the Yuan Dynasty. Born in 1231, he showed great talent for math and astronomy at a young age. His grandfather, Guo Rong, was a respected scholar who taught him to observe nature carefully. When Guo was 20, he 16_____ a broken water clock in his hometown. This caught the 17_____ of Kublai Khan, the emperor, who invited him to work on the calendar system. At that time, the old calendar was 18_____, causing farmers to plant crops at the wrong time. Guo believed it was his duty to 19_____ this problem. He traveled across China to collect data, climbing mountains to measure star 20_____. Once, while building a new observatory, his team faced a shortage of materials. Instead of 21_____, Guo used local stones and wood, proving his creativity. He also invented new tools, such as the "simplified instrument" (简仪), which made star observation much 22_____. After years of effort, Guo completed the Shoushi Calendar (授时历). It was so accurate that it only had a 26-second error per 23_____! His work helped farmers plan their work better and improved daily life. Even today, Guo’s spirit of precision and dedication inspires scientists. He showed us that true greatness lies not in 24_____, but in using knowledge to 25_____ others. 16. A. fixing B. breaking C. selling D. hiding 17. A. attention B. money C. trouble D. rest 18. A. easy B. inaccurate C. expensive D. popular 19. A. buy B. sell C. solve D. avoid 20. A. clocks B. crops C. stars D. books 21. A. giving up B. looking for C. running away D. falling asleep 22. A. easier B. harder C. slower D. worse 23. A. minute B. hour C. day D. year 24. A. fame B. wealth C. service D. power 25. A. control B. serve C. follow D. forget 四、阅读 第一节 阅读理解（共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分） A Hua Luogeng was one of China’s most famous mathematicians. Born into a poor family in 1910, he left school at 14 to help his father in a small shop. However, he never stopped learning. Every night, after a long day of work, he studied math books by candlelight. At 18, Hua got a serious illness that left him with a disability in his leg. But this did not stop him. He wrote letters to famous professors, sharing his ideas about math problems. One professor, Xiong Qinglai, was so impressed by Hua’s talent that he invited Hua to study at Tsinghua University. At Tsinghua, Hua worked harder than anyone else. He read every math book in the library and published many papers. Later, he went to Cambridge University in England, where he made breakthroughs in number theory. When he returned to China, he became a professor and trained many young mathematicians. Hua believed that math should be useful to ordinary people. He often said, “Math is not just for experts; it should help solve real-world problems.” He traveled across China, teaching workers and farmers how to use math in their daily work. Even today, his spirit of perseverance and love for learning inspires millions. 26. What is the best structure for the text? A. ①/②③④ B. ①/②/③④ C. ①②③/④ D. ①②/③④ 27. Why did Xiong Qinglai invite Hua Luogeng to Tsinghua University? A. Because Hua was good at selling things. B. Because Hua wrote impressive letters about math. C. Because Hua had studied abroad before. D. Because Hua was a famous professor already. 28. What does the underlined word “breakthroughs” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Difficulties B. Mistakes C. Important discoveries D. Daily tasks 29. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Hua Luogeng was born into a rich family. B. Hua stopped studying after he got ill. C. Hua believed math should help ordinary people. D. Hua never left China in his life. 30. What is the best title for the passage? A. The History of Math in China B. A Great Mathematician: Hua Luogeng C. Life at Tsinghua University D. How to Become a Professor B Qian Xuesen, known as the “Father of China’s Space Program,” was born in 1911. He studied engineering in China before going to the U.S. to earn a PhD in aerospace science. In America, he became a leading expert and lived a comfortable life. However, in 1950, Qian decided to return to China to help his motherland. The U.S. government tried to stop him, putting him under house arrest for five years. But Qian never gave up. He wrote letters to the Chinese government, asking for help. Finally, in 1955, he returned to China with his family. Back in China, Qian faced many challenges. At that time, China had little experience in space technology. But he gathered a team of young scientists and started from scratch. They worked day and night, often sleeping in the laboratory. In 1964, China launched its first atomic bomb. Four years later, in 1970, Qian’s team successfully tested China’s first satellite, the Dongfanghong-1. Qian always emphasized the importance of creativity. He told his students, “Science knows no borders, but scientists belong to their country.” His dedication and patriotism (爱国精神) made him a national hero. Today, China’s space program is among the best in the world, and it all started with Qian’s vision. 31. What was Qian Xuesen’s job in the U.S.? A. A teacher B. A leading aerospace scientist C. A government officer D. A businessman 32. Why did the U.S. government put Qian under house arrest? A. Because he broke the law in the U.S. B. Because he wanted to return to China. C. Because he didn’t like American food. D. Because he failed in his research. 33. What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. With great difficulty B. With a lot of money C. Starting from nothing D. Following others’ steps 34. Which of the following shows the correct order of events? a. Qian returned to China. b. Qian studied in the U.S. c. China launched its first satellite. d. Qian was put under house arrest. A. b→d→a→c B. a→b→c→d C. d→a→b→c D. b→a→d→c 35. What can we learn from Qian Xuesen’s story? A. Scientists should only work for rich countries. B. Giving up is sometimes necessary. C. Patriotism and hard work lead to success. D. Space technology is not important. C Throughout history, many great people have changed the world with their ideas and actions. Here are four of them: Name Achievement Influence Confucius​ (551–479 BC) A great thinker and educator. He set up private schools and taught students for free. His ideas about kindness and learning are still important in China and other Asian countries. Isaac Newton​ (1643–1727) An English scientist who discovered gravity and the laws of motion. His work laid the foundation for modern physics and space exploration. Marie Curie​ (1867–1934) A Polish-French scientist who discovered radium and polonium. She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize, and her research helps treat cancer today. Nelson Mandela​ (1918–2013) A South African leader who fought against racial segregation (种族隔离). He became president and promoted peace, teaching the world about forgiveness and equality. These people came from different backgrounds, but they all shared one thing: a strong belief in making the world better. They faced many difficulties, but they never gave up. Their stories teach us that anyone can make a difference, no matter where they come from. 36. Who was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize? A. Confucius B. Isaac Newton C. Marie Curie D. Nelson Mandela 37. What did Isaac Newton discover? A. Gravity B. Radium C. Kindness D. Equality 38. What did Confucius do to help education? A. He built many public schools. B. He set up private schools and taught for free. C. He wrote many books about science. D. He traveled around the world to teach. 39. Which of the following is TRUE about Nelson Mandela? A. He was a scientist. B. He fought against racial segregation. C. He discovered a new element. D. He was born in China. 40. What do these four people have in common? A. They were all born in Asia. B. They all won Nobel Prizes. C. They all faced difficulties but never gave up. D. They all studied in the same university. 第二节 阅读填空（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 The Silk Road was not just a trade route; it was also a path of cultural exchange. For centuries, it connected China with the West, allowing people to share goods, ideas, and knowledge. 41______ Zhang Qian, a diplomat (外交官) during the Han Dynasty, is often called the “Pioneer of the Silk Road.” In 138 BC, he was sent to the Western Regions to build alliances (联盟). Although he was captured and held for 10 years, he never forgot his mission. 42______ His journeys opened the door for trade between China and Central Asia. Xuanzang, a Buddhist monk from the Tang Dynasty, traveled to India to study Buddhism. He faced many dangers, including deserts, snowy mountains, and robbers. 43______ After 17 years, he returned to China with over 650 Buddhist texts. He translated these texts into Chinese, helping spread Buddhist culture. These two men showed incredible courage and determination. Zhang Qian’s diplomacy and Xuanzang’s pursuit of knowledge strengthened the connection between East and West. 44______ Today, China’s Belt and Road Initiative (一带一路) continues this spirit of cooperation. Like Zhang Qian and Xuanzang, modern people are working to build bridges between nations. 45______ Their stories remind us that curiosity and bravery can change the world. A. Finally, he escaped and completed his mission. B. Their stories still inspire us to explore and connect with others. C. Two great people played key roles in this history. D. He brought back valuable information about the Western Regions. E. He was afraid of the long journey ahead. F. Their journeys helped shape the world we know today. 五、项目情景（共两节，满分20分） 第一节 配对阅读（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） A-F分别是六位名人的简介。有五位同学想了解特定领域的榜样，请为每位同学选择最符合他们兴趣的名人简介。 46. Bob wants to be an astronaut. He needs to learn about someone who contributed to space technology. 47. Cindy is interested in medicine. She wants to read about a scientist who discovered life-saving drugs. 48. David cares about education. He wants to know about a person who made learning available to more people. 49. Emma loves writing. She hopes to learn from a great writer who described human nature. 50. Frank is a farmer. He wants to read about a scientist who helped increase food production. A. Yuan Longping: Known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice.” His research increased rice yields, feeding millions of people worldwide. B. Tu Youyou: A Nobel Prize winner who discovered artemisinin, a drug that treats malaria and saves lives. C. Qian Xuesen: The “Father of China’s Space Program.” He led the development of China’s first satellite. D. Confucius: An ancient Chinese educator who promoted equal education and taught thousands of students. E. William Shakespeare: A famous English writer whose plays and poems explore human nature and are still performed today. F. Marie Curie: A scientist who discovered radium. Her research led to the development of X-rays and cancer treatments. 第二节 回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，回答问题，每题答案不超过8个词。 Lu Ban, often called the “Father of Carpentry” in China, lived during the Spring and Autumn Period. He was born into a family of craftsmen and showed great talent from a young age. One story says that when he was cutting wood in the mountains, a leaf cut his hand. He noticed the leaf had small sharp teeth, which inspired him to invent the saw. Lu Ban also invented many other tools, such as the plane (刨子) and the drill (钻子). These tools made woodworking faster and easier. Besides tools, he designed complex wooden machines, including a bird that could fly for three days without landing! What made Lu Ban great was not just his inventions, but his willingness to share them. He taught his skills to apprentices, ensuring that his knowledge helped many people. Even today, carpenters in China respect him as a god of their craft. His story teaches us that great ideas often come from observing everyday life. 51. When did Lu Ban live? 52. What inspired him to invent the saw? 53. Name one tool Lu Ban invented besides the saw. (Give one example) 54. Why do carpenters respect Lu Ban today? 55. What does Lu Ban’s story teach us? 六、写作（共三节，满分30分） 第一节 单词拼写（共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分） 阅读下面短文，根据首字母提示、句意及语法，补全单词，每空一词。 Great people often have a strong i___56___ on society. They are c___57___ as heroes because of their contributions. Some are famous p___58___ whose poems inspire us. Others are scientists who spend their l___59___ studying the world. We all hold the b___60___ that their spirits will guide us to become better persons. 第二节 语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。 Shen Nong, also known as the “Divine Farmer,” is a legendary figure in Chinese history. He is believed to have lived around 5,000 years ago. Shen Nong was very curious about plants and wanted to find out which ones could be used as food or medicine. In order to test plants, he tasted hundreds of them, often risking his life. Legend says that he once tasted 72 poisonous plants in one day and used tea leaves to detoxify (解毒) himself. His experiments led to the discovery of many useful crops, such as rice, wheat, and beans. Shen Nong also taught people how to farm. Before his time, people mainly hunted animals for food. Shen Nong showed them how to plant seeds and harvest crops, which allowed them to settle down and build communities. His work is recorded in the book Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (《神农本草经》), one of the earliest books on herbal medicine in China. Even today, Shen Nong is remembered for his contributions to agriculture and medicine. His spirit of exploration and sacrifice encourages us to seek knowledge and help others. 61. Shen Nong is believed _______ (live) around 5,000 years ago. 62. He was curious _______ plants and wanted to find their uses. 63. He tasted hundreds of plants, often _______ (risk) his life. 64. Legend says that he once tasted 72 _______ (poison) plants in one day. 65. Tea leaves _______ (use) by him to detoxify himself. 66. His experiments led to the _______ (discover) of many useful crops. 67. Before his time, people mainly hunted animals _______ food. 68. Shen Nong showed them how _______ (plant) seeds and harvest crops. 69. His work _______ (record) in the book Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing. 70. His spirit encourages us _______ (seek) knowledge and help others. 第三节 书面表达（15分） 伟人对世界产生了巨大的影响。是什么使他们成为了伟人？请根据以下提示，以“What makes a great person”为题写一篇短文，谈谈你的看法。 提示： 1. Who is the greatest person in your mind? (e.g., Yuan Longping, Tu Youyou, Confucius...) 2. What do you know about him or her? (Achievements, spirit, etc.) 3. How has he or she influenced the world? 注意： （1）短文须包括以上内容，可适当发挥，语言流畅，逻辑清晰，书写规范； （2）词数：80-100词左右。 What makes a great person 参考答案 一、单项选择 1-5 BCADB 二、语法选择 6-10 CBCDC 11-15 BABDB 三、完形填空 16. A 17. A 18. B 19. C 20. C 21. A 22. A 23. D 24. A 25. B 四、阅读 第一节 26-30 BBCCB 31-35 BBACC 36-40 CBABC 第二节 41-45 CDBFE (E为多余项) 五、项目情景 第一节 46-50 CBDEA (F为多余项) 第二节 51. During the Spring and Autumn Period. 52. A leaf with sharp teeth. 53. The plane / The drill. (Any reasonable answer) 54. Because he shared his skills. 55. Great ideas come from daily life. 六、写作 第一节 单词拼写 56. influence 57. considered 58. poets 59. lifetimes 60. belief 第二节 语法填空 61. to have lived 62. about 63. risking 64. poisonous 65. were used 66. discovery 67. for 68. to plant 69. is recorded 70. to seek 第三节 书面表达（参考范文） What makes a great person In my mind, Yuan Longping is the greatest person. He is known as the “Father of Hybrid Rice.” Despite facing many failures, he managed to develop a high-yield rice strain after years of hard work. His discovery not only fed millions of Chinese people but also helped fight hunger worldwide. What makes him great is not just his achievement, but his spirit of perseverance and humility. He spent his whole life in the fields, caring more about farmers’ needs than his own fame. His story teaches us that true greatness comes from using one’s talent to serve others. We should learn from him and strive to make a difference in the world. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $