Unit 2 语法精讲精练2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 2 语法精讲精练 一、核心语法：情态动词 can /could 表请求与许可 （一）两大用法区分 P = Permission 许可（自己请求允许做某事） 句式：Can I…? / Could I…? 含义：我可以…… 吗？向对方征求允许 例： Could I hang out with friends after lunch? Can I put some flowers on the table? R = Request 请求（请求别人帮忙做某事） 句式：Can you…? / Could you please…? 含义：你能…… 吗？请对方帮忙 例： Could you please sweep the floor? Can you help me hang up the photos? （二）can & could 语气区别 can：语气普通、直白，日常熟人之间使用 could：语气更委婉、礼貌，不表示过去时，专门用于客气请求 重点：表请求 / 许可时，could 不是过去式，只是更礼貌；回答统一用 can，不用 could —Could I use your computer? —Yes, you can.（√） / Yes, you could.（×） （三）基础四大句式 1. 请求对方帮忙（R 请求） 肯定结构：Can you / Could you please + 动词原形…? 答句：Sure. / No problem. / OK. / Sorry, I can’t. 例：Could you please sweep the floor? OK, Mum. I’ll do it at once. 2. 征求对方许可（P 允许） 肯定结构：Can I / Could I + 动词原形…? 肯定回答：Yes, you can. / Of course. / Good idea! 否定回答：Sorry, you can’t. 例：Could I hang out with my friends after lunch? Sorry, you have to pack your things first. 3. 否定回答固定搭配 —Could I…? —Sorry, you can’t. / I’m afraid you can’t. —Could you please…? —Sorry, I can’t. I have to… 4. could you please 礼貌句型 Could you please + 动词原形？（最礼貌，家务高频） Could you please take out the rubbish? （四）易混点总结 Could I…? 我能不能…（求许可 P） Could you…? 你能不能…（求帮忙 R） 问句用 could，回答只用 can，不用 could can /could 后全部加动词原形 二、综合句型模板 1. 请求他人帮忙（R） Could you please + 家务动词？ —Could you please clean the room?—Sure, no problem. / Sorry, I can’t. 2. 征求许可（P） Could I / Can I + 动作？ —Can I stay out until eleven?—No, you can’t. You need a good rest. 3. 礼貌借物品 Could I use your…? —Could I use your computer?—Yes, if you are careful with it. 专项分层训练 专项一 单项选择（can /could 请求许可） ( )1. —____ wash the dishes? —Sure, I’ll do it right away. A Could you please B Could I C Can I ( )2. —Could I go shopping with Lisa? —Sorry, ____. You have homework. A you couldn’t B you can’t C I can’t ( )3. —Could I use your bike? —Yes, . A you could B you can C I can ( )4. ____ help me hang up these pictures? A Can I B Could you C Could I ( )5. —Can I stay outside late tonight? —No, you . You need to sleep early. A can B can’t C couldn’t ( )6. Could you please ____ the floor? A sweeps B sweep C sweeping ( )7. —Could I borrow your pen? —. Here you are. A No problem B Sorry C You can’t ( )8. I want to ask for permission, so I say “”. A Could you help me B Could I go out C Can you clean 专项二 句型转换 1. Could you please fold the clothes?（同义句，Can you…） 2. Can I watch TV after dinner?（委婉礼貌改写，Could I…） 3. Could I use your dictionary?（否定回答） 4. Can you help me carry the box?（肯定礼貌回答） 5. You can’t hang out with friends.（用 Could I… 改写问句） 专项三 句子改错 1. Could you please to clean the living room? ____________ 2. —Could I sit here? —Yes, you could. ____________ 3. Could I borrow your pen? —Sorry, you can. ____________ 4. Can you helps me take out the rubbish? ____________ 5. Could I using your computer? ____________ 专项四 完成句子 1. 你能帮忙扫地吗？ ____ ____ sweep the floor? 2. 我能晚一点回家吗？ ____ ____ stay out late? 3. — 我可以用你的电脑吗？— 可以，只要你小心使用。 —____ ____ your computer?—Yes, if you are careful with it. 4. 你能载我去镇上吗？ ____ ____ give me a ride to town? 5. 抱歉，你不能在外待到十一点。 Sorry, ____ ____ stay out until eleven. 专项五 口语写作（自编对话，至少 5 句，使用 can/could） 范文： A: Could I go to the park after school? B: Yes, you can. But you must come back before 6 p.m. A: Could you please take me there by bike? B: Sorry, I can’t. I have to clean the house. A: Can I go with my best friend Tom? B: Sure. Have a good time! 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $