Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题阅读理解10篇-2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 围绕“大自然与生态系统”单元，分基础巩固与重难提升两梯度，10篇专题阅读适配初中英语单元复习，提升语言理解与思维分析能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇5题（共50题）|细节理解（如大熊猫食物依赖）、词义猜测（如“decreasing”替换）、推理判断（如帝企鹅未来推断）、主旨大意（如文章主题）|情境真实（全球变暖、湿地保护等热点），问题层次分明（基础练聚焦信息提取，提升练涉及结构分析与逻辑推理）|

Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Pandas are loved by people worldwide, yet they were once facing big challenges. Their natural living environment was destroyed, and it created breeding (繁殖) difficulties for pandas. In the wild, scientists found that female (雌性) pandas only gave birth every 28 months. This led to a slow increase in their numbers. As a result, the panda population was decreasing. Another challenge facing pandas was reduced bamboo supplies. Pandas depend on bamboo for their diet. The average life-span (寿命) of bamboo species is 60 years. However, bamboo flowers and dies. It then takes several years for the bamboo to regrow. Therefore, for only 5 to 8 years can the bamboo serve as food for pandas. When bamboo dies, pandas must move to other areas. At the beginning, this was not very serious, but with the rise in human population, many forests were cut down to make way for villages and roads. This led to pandas losing their homes and having to move to other places. It was almost impossible for them to find new homes. So China has taken many measures to protect them. We have set up 67 panda reserves by 2025 to provide them with homes. The largest panda reserve (保护区) is the Wolong Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province, which covers an area of 2,000 square kilometers and is home to 149 giant pandas now. Scientists are also trying to find ways to increase the number of pandas. With these efforts, there is hope now for the future of these magical creatures. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving facts. C．By asking questions. D．By telling a story. 2．Which of the following can take the place of “decreasing” in the text? A．getting larger B．dying out C．becoming smaller D．growing up 3．Which is true about pandas’ situation according to the text? A．Pandas have all kinds of plants to eat. B．Pandas have plenty of bamboo to eat. C．It’s easy for pandas to find new homes. D．Many pandas live safely in Wolong Nature Reserve. 4．What can you infer (推断) about pandas’ future? A．The number of pandas will increase. B．Pandas will have no bamboo to eat. C．Pandas will be fewer and fewer. D．Pandas will only live in panda reserves. 5．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．Sports. B．History. C．Culture. D．Nature. In 1902, British explorer Robert Falcon Scott saw many big black-and-white birds at Ross Island, Antarctica (南极洲罗斯岛). It was the first home of emperor penguins (帝企鹅) ever found. Now, only 124 years after that place was discovered, emperor penguins have been listed as endangered wild animals. What makes them in such danger? Emperor penguins rely on “fast” ice—sea ice strongly connected to the land—for nine months of the year. It’s where the little penguins are born and grow until they have waterproof feathers (防水羽毛). It’s also a safe place for adults to moult (脱毛) every year. They stay on the ice while their swimming feathers grow back. But global warming has led to record-low levels of Antarctic sea ice since 2016. When sea ice breaks up early, the whole area can fall into the water. The little penguins that aren’t fully grown may have difficulty swimming out. Even if some penguins get out of the water, they’re completely wet and will freeze to death. The decrease in Antarctic sea ice has put emperor penguins in great danger. Between 2009 and 2018, the number of emperor penguins fell by 10%. Scientists say they could die out by the end of this century—unless we take action now. To better protect them, we must stop burning fossil fuels (化石燃料) as they produce a large amount of CO2. The sad story of emperor penguins is a clear warning: A warming world cannot be saved tomorrow. We must act now before it’s too late. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing endangered wild animals. B．By telling emperor penguins’ past and present. C．By comparing emperor penguins to other animals. 2．Why do emperor penguins need “fast” ice? A．To swim in the water safely. B．To travel to Ross Island, Antarctica. C．To raise babies and change feathers. 3．Which of the following will happen when sea ice breaks up early? A．Adult penguins will grow new feathers. B．Little penguins will be in danger in water. C．Young penguins will learn to swim faster. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Act now to save emperor penguins. B．Less sea ice puts penguins in great danger. C．Emperor penguins may die out this century. ①Shanghai now has its first World Natural Heritage (遗产) site! It is the Dongtan National Nature Reserve (保护区), a wetland on Chongming Island. It was included in the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024, along with four other wetlands in China. ②Shanghai’s Chongming Island is a must-see for bird lovers. Every year, large numbers of migratory birds (候鸟) visit the island. They stop mostly in the Dongtan National Nature Reserve. The reserve sits on the eastern end of the island and covers 241.55 square kilometers. So far, about 300 kinds of birds have been seen in the area. ③Why has the place become an ideal home for migratory birds? Let’s look at its location (位置). ④At the mouth of the Yangtze River, Dongtan is a great wetland. It’s home to plenty of fish and other animals. Its ecosystem provides a perfect habitat (栖息地) for birds. They use it for nesting and raising young. It’s also a place for birds to feed, drink and rest. ⑤In fact, Chongming Island sits in the middle of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). The EAAF is one of the world’s nine main migration ways for birds. It covers a very large area, from Alaska and the Russian Far East to Australia and New Zealand. More than 50 million birds take this way. ⑥The Dongtan wetland is a key stopover site (中途停留点) along the EAAF. “About one million visits by migratory birds—including those that fly past—are recorded at Dongtan every year,” says Ma Zhijun, a professor at Fudan University’s School of Life Sciences. ⑦In the past few decades, many wetlands have been destroyed. Bird populations have reduced because they have lost their habitats. Luckily, in recent years, the government has worked hard to protect the wetlands. 1．How many wetlands in China were included in the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024? A．One. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five. 2．How does the writer show that Shanghai’s Chongming Island is a must-see for bird lovers? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The importance of protecting the wetlands. B．The reasons for protecting the wetlands. C．The history of the wetlands’ development. D．The great efforts to protect the wetlands. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． Fashion isn’t very environmentally friendly because it makes people buy things they don’t need, just because they’re new. We want to take care of the environment. We don’t want to pollute the air and we don’t want to waste energy and resources. But we also want to be fashionable. How can we buy fashionable clothes and protect the environment? Old styles are fashionable again, so one way is to buy second-hand clothes—recycled clothes. Another way is to buy fair trade clothes. These clothes are either recycled or made in a way that protects the environment. They also protect the people who make the clothes. Surprisingly, white cotton is one of the least environmentally friendly crops of all. To protect the cotton, the growers use chemicals that pollute water, make farm workers ill and kill wildlife. New materials, such as bamboo, grow quickly and are more environmentally friendly. These materials are very soft, and look fantastic. The best materials are coloured using natural dyes (染料) made from plants. Environmentally friendly clothes are practical but they are often dull (沉闷的). Now fashion designers are working with these materials and the clothes are beautiful as well. So now we can buy fashionable clothes that are also environmentally friendly. 1．People often buy things they don’t need because ________. A．new things can be more comfortable B．everyone wants to be fashionable C．people are richer than before now 2．Which of the following is more environmentally friendly? A．Materials that are soft and fantastic. B．Materials that are coloured using natural dyes. C．White cotton. 3．What is the advantage of new materials like bamboo? A．They grow quickly and are eco-friendly. B．They are cheaper than traditional cotton. C．They can only be used to make simple clothes. 4．Why are environmentally friendly clothes more fashionable now? A．Because people pay more attention to our environment. B．Because environmentally friendly clothes are practical. C．Because fashion designers are working to make them beautiful. On the side of the road in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in China’s Qinghai Province, you might see a fat wolf. It is always shaking its tail and rolling on the ground in front of the passing cars in hopes of getting a meal. However, the wolf was skin and bones (骨瘦如柴) a few months ago. It is said that the wolf was kicked out of the wolf group because of its poor hunting ability. But that all changed after a passing driver gave it two pies and posted a video of it online in July 2023. This quickly made the wolf popular, with many people coming to the area to provide it with food. Since then, the wolf has turned to passing drivers for snacks that are high in oil, sugar and salt. Then, more wolves have joined. The wolf’s change has led many people to find humor in its similarity to a pet dog. But the change means that it is losing its ability to live in nature. The ability is significant to wild animals. “Wolves are part of the food chain in the ecosystem (生态系统). And if people continue to feed them, their habits will change. This will break their role in the ecosystem and influence the stability (稳定性) of the ecosystem,” said Qi Xinzhang, deputy director of the Xining Wildlife Park in the province. People care about wild animals, but feeding sometimes can cause harm to animals and themselves as well. “It is a good thing that the event has caught people’s attention. Only when more people have a better knowledge of wild animals can they help them in the right way,” said Qi. 1．The wolf was in a very poor condition at first because it ________. A．couldn’t find enough food in the reserve B．was unable to hunt well and was left behind C．was often hurt by passing cars on the road D．got lost and couldn’t find its way back home 2．What is the main reason that the wolf’s change worries people? A．It looks too fat and loses its beauty as a wild wolf. B．It might bring more wolves to live near the road. C．It is starting to forget how to survive in the wild. D．The food from humans is unhealthy and makes it sick. 3．What does Qi Xinzhang think about people feeding the wolf? A．It is a harmless act of kindness that should be encouraged. B．It is necessary to save the wolf since it cannot hunt. C．It is a personal choice and does not affect the ecosystem. D．It is a risky behavior that may harm the ecosystem. 4．Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to the wolf? a. It got popular online.         b. It was driven out of its group. c. It started asking drivers for snacks.         d. A driver gave it food and posted a video. A．b-d-a-c B．d-a-b-c C．b-a-d-c D．a-d-c-b 5．The writer writes this passage to ________. A．tell an interesting story about a clever wolf B．explain why we should not feed wild animals C．encourage more people to visit the nature reserve D．introduce the work of a wildlife protection official All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed in a way that is not bad for the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. One of them is to use natural light to design buildings. Buildings can also get energy from the sun or the wind. Green buildings can have areas on the roofs (屋顶) to collect rainwater. It’s a useful way to conserve water. We can have more water to use. As for the materials, recycled materials can be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power (太阳能). A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Science building in California in the US has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple (寺庙) in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 1．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It is designed by famous architects. C．It uses more materials than other buildings. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 2．Why do architects use natural light to design buildings? A．To save energy. B．To save time. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Check. D．Waste. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By explaining reasons. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Discovering PowerB．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy Around one-third of the world’s lakes are blue according to a study in September 2024. But global warming (全球变暖) may lead them to turn green or even brown. Yang from Southern Methodist University in the US and his team studied the color of over 85,000 lakes based on satellite photos. They found that lakes in places with cooler average summer air temperatures— below 19℃— were more likely to be blue than lakes in places with warmer summers. According to the research, the color of a lake is in part decided by what’s in the water. Water takes in the long wavelengths of sunlight, such as red, orange, and yellow, leaving the shorter ones like green and blue. In other words, the cleaner the water is, the bluer it looks. In warmer lakes, phytoplankton (浮游植物) develops easily. If global warming continues, one in ten blue lakes might change color, according to the study. Lakes serve as an important part of our environment because their color is one of the oldest ways to decide the health of an ecosystem (生态). Humans get their drinking water from lakes, streams and groundwater. As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water. Because of this, treating the water of such lakes becomes more expensive. If the temperature keeps rising, the fast growing of phytoplankton in greener lakes will provide lake animals more food. However, an increase in these things may also cause some lake animals to die because there is not enough oxygen for them. 1．What does the study of Yang’s team show? A．The number of lakes is getting smaller. B．Lakes in cooler areas are usually bluer. C．Most of the lakes are not blue any more. D．People stop getting drinking water from lakes. 2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The color of the lakes turns greener. B．It’s difficult to change the color of lakes. C．Groundwater can’t take the place of lake water. D．Lakes play an important part in our environment. 3．What may happen if lakes turn greener? ①Some animals in the lakes may die.         ②The weather in these places may change. ③The plants around the lake may grow well.     ④People may not get enough drinking water. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 4．Why do warmer lakes tend to be green or brown instead of blue? A．Warmer water takes in more blue wavelengths of sunlight. B．Phytoplankton grows easily in warm water and changes the lake’s color. C．Cooler water has more things that take in green and brown light. D．Global warming makes the water in warm lakes dirtier than that in cool lakes. 5．What does the text mainly talk about? A．To describe the photos of over 85,000 lakes. B．To ask us to take actions to protect natural lakes. C．To explain the effects of global warming on lakes. D．To discuss the importance of lakes to humans and animals. Earth Day is a special day celebrated on April 22nd every year. It began in 1970 when people started to realize the importance of protecting our environment. Back then, not many people talked about or even thought about the environment. However, as time went by, it became clear that our planet was facing serious problems because of pollution and waste. One example of environmental improvement is the Cuyahoga River in Ohio. It was so polluted that trash and oil slick (浮油膜) floating on the river caught fire several times. The most famous fire was the one in 1969. It damaged (毁坏) two railroad bridges before the firemen brought it under control. Today, it no longer burns, and it’s safe for the wildlife like birds, fish, and other animals. This change shows how far we’ve come in our efforts to clean up our environment. The celebration of Earth Day ▲ . People are paying more attention to their actions on the planet. For instance, in 2007, people in China paid much attention to a big problem. People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day! This led to the “Bye-bye Throw-away Culture Week” activity, which aimed to reduce waste and develop recycling. In 2008, China passed new laws against the throw-away culture, especially to protect the soil. These laws have helped to reduce pollution. Every April 22nd, millions of volunteers from around the world come together to clean and protect the Earth. They take part in various activities, from planting trees to cleaning up litter. You can join us in these efforts to make our planet a better place. By taking small actions in our daily lives, we can all contribute to the health of our environment. Earth Day is a reminder that every person has a role to play in protecting our planet for future generations (后代). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many years have passed since Earth Day began? A．45 years. B．56 years. C．65 years. D．70 years. 2．Why was Earth Day set? A．Because people started to realize the importance of protecting our environment. B．Because people are paying more attention to their actions on the planet. C．Because the environment is becoming better and better. D．Because April 22nd is the birthday of the Earth. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．has stopped now since the environment has improved B．has now spread to every corner of the world C．has not taken place in some countries D．has not proved to be useful in protecting the environment 4．What can you learn from the text? A．People throw away 20 million plastic bags a day. B．In 2008, America passed new laws against the throw-away culture. C．The “Bye-bye Throw-away Culture Week” activity aimed to reduce recycling. D．Every April 22nd, millions of volunteers take part in various activities to protect the Earth. 5．Which of the following may be the environmental situation of the Cuyahoga River in Ohio now? A．B． C． D． ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Have you ever imagined that dunes (沙丘) can move? It sounds like something from a science fiction (科幻) movie, but it’s real in nature. A recent study carried out by Nanjing University has made an interesting finding: the dunes in the deserts of western China are moving much more slowly now than before. Dunes form in areas where there is a great deal of sand and very little water. Their shape and the way they move depend on the wind. When the wind blows strongly, dunes can move a lot, but when it’s weak, their movement slows down. To study these dunes, a team of hard-working scientists used satellite (卫星) pictures taken from 1986 to 2021. After carefully studying these pictures, they discovered that the movement speed of the dunes has slowed down by 30 percent. The main reason, as reported by China Science Daily, is that the wind has become weaker, so it carries less sand. This discovery supports the idea of “global wind stilling,” which means the wind near the ground is slowing down across the world. With slower wind carrying less sand, sandstorms happen less often. This is good for plants to grow in dry areas. However, there are also some disadvantages. Slower near-ground wind can also make wind power work less well. What’s worse, it might make it harder for pollution to go away, according to the researchers from Nanjing University. Understanding these changes in dune movement and wind patterns is not just about sand and wind. It helps us clearly see how our environment is changing little by little and what effects these changes have on both nature and human activities, from energy production to environmental protection. It reminds us that even small changes in nature can have big effects in the world. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking a question.B．By giving a fact.C．By giving an example. D．By listing numbers. 2．Why are the dunes in western China’s deserts moving more slowly now? A．There is more water in the deserts than before. B．Scientists have used satellites to stop dune movement. C．The wind has become weaker and carries less sand. D．More plants are growing and keeping the sand still. 3．If the wind in western China’s deserts becomes stronger again, ________. A．the number of sandstorms will increase B．the dunes will stop moving completely C．wind power will work less well D．plants in dry areas will grow better 4．What can you get from paragraph 4? A．We don’t need to pay attention to small changes in nature. B．Environmental changes have nothing to do with human activities. C．Dune movement changes only affect nature, not human life. D．Learning about dune and wind changes helps with environmental protection. 5．This passage is most probably taken from ________. A．a storybook B．a science magazine C．a history textbook D．a notice Climate Change Changes Local Weather Patterns In Unit 10, we studied weather observation and climate rules. Most students think climate change is a faraway problem that only influences polar ice and ocean animals. However, records from our city’s weather station show that climate change is already changing our daily weather and local natural forces clearly. Thirty years ago, our city usually had steady four seasons. Spring was warm with light rain, summer had moderate thunderstorms, autumn was cool and dry, and winter had light snow every year. Now, the weather becomes much less regular. Spring temperatures rise faster, and we face long dry periods before May. Last year, no rain fell for forty days in spring, which made many farmlands crack. Farmers had to carry river water to water crops day after day. Summer thunderstorms become stronger and more sudden. In the past, heavy rain warnings were sent out hours before storms arrived. Now, strong storms can form within thirty minutes. Last summer, a sudden heavy rain caused a small flood in the old town area. The underground drainage system could not take so much rainwater quickly, and many ground floors of shops were filled with water. Local weather workers explained that warmer air holds more water vapor, so rain falls in larger amounts in shorter time. Winter is getting warmer year by year. Thirty years ago, the temperature often dropped below minus five degrees Celsius for two or three weeks every winter. Now, cold days below zero are fewer and shorter. Light snow used to come in late December, but in the past three years, snow only appeared once in early February and melted in one day. Less snow means less water storage for spring farm use. The river that feeds farmlands has lower water levels every spring now. Strong winds also appear more often in all seasons. Thirty years ago, strong wind warnings came three to four times a year. Now we get eight to ten wind warnings every year. Strong winds break fruit tree branches, blow down street trees and even damage small farm greenhouses. Weather station workers advise local people to form good habits to cut down energy waste, such as saving electricity, taking public transport and planting more trees. Small daily changes can slow down climate change. Schools should teach teenagers more climate knowledge from Unit 9 to Unit 11, so young people understand the connection between human activities and natural forces. Only when everyone takes action can we protect our local weather environment for the future. 1．What do most students think about climate change at first? A．It only affects faraway places. B．It changes local summer rain a lot. C．It brings more snow every winter. D．It makes spring rain heavier. 2．What problem did last spring’s long dry weather bring? A．Street trees were blown down. B．Farmland cracked and lacked water. C．Underground shops flooded. D．Greenhouses broke in wind. 3．Why are summer thunderstorms more sudden and heavy now? A．There are more rivers in the city. B．Warmer air holds more water vapor. C．The drainage system is too old. D．Farmers use too much underground water. 4．Which statement about local winter weather is correct? A．Snow comes earlier than thirty years ago. B．Cold days below zero last longer. C．Winter temperatures are higher than before. D．Every winter has heavy snow for weeks. 5．What suggestion do weather workers give people? A．Move farmlands near big rivers. B．Reduce daily energy waste. C．Build bigger drainage systems. D．Stop planting fruit trees outdoors. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Pandas are loved by people worldwide, yet they were once facing big challenges. Their natural living environment was destroyed, and it created breeding (繁殖) difficulties for pandas. In the wild, scientists found that female (雌性) pandas only gave birth every 28 months. This led to a slow increase in their numbers. As a result, the panda population was decreasing. Another challenge facing pandas was reduced bamboo supplies. Pandas depend on bamboo for their diet. The average life-span (寿命) of bamboo species is 60 years. However, bamboo flowers and dies. It then takes several years for the bamboo to regrow. Therefore, for only 5 to 8 years can the bamboo serve as food for pandas. When bamboo dies, pandas must move to other areas. At the beginning, this was not very serious, but with the rise in human population, many forests were cut down to make way for villages and roads. This led to pandas losing their homes and having to move to other places. It was almost impossible for them to find new homes. So China has taken many measures to protect them. We have set up 67 panda reserves by 2025 to provide them with homes. The largest panda reserve (保护区) is the Wolong Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province, which covers an area of 2,000 square kilometers and is home to 149 giant pandas now. Scientists are also trying to find ways to increase the number of pandas. With these efforts, there is hope now for the future of these magical creatures. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer begin the text? A．By listing numbers. B．By giving facts. C．By asking questions. D．By telling a story. 2．Which of the following can take the place of “decreasing” in the text? A．getting larger B．dying out C．becoming smaller D．growing up 3．Which is true about pandas’ situation according to the text? A．Pandas have all kinds of plants to eat. B．Pandas have plenty of bamboo to eat. C．It’s easy for pandas to find new homes. D．Many pandas live safely in Wolong Nature Reserve. 4．What can you infer (推断) about pandas’ future? A．The number of pandas will increase. B．Pandas will have no bamboo to eat. C．Pandas will be fewer and fewer. D．Pandas will only live in panda reserves. 5．What’s the theme (主题) of the text? A．Sports. B．History. C．Culture. D．Nature. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍大熊猫曾经面临生存危机：繁殖困难、竹子供给不足、栖息地被破坏等，说明中国设立熊猫保护区的保护措施，并展望大熊猫向好的未来。 1．第一段摆出熊猫生存环境被破坏、雌性熊猫繁育间隔久、种群增长缓慢等客观事实。 2．第一段末尾提到熊猫数量增长缓慢，种群数量变少，“decreasing”表示“（数量）下降”；getting larger“变多”、dying out“灭绝”、growing up“长大”均不符合，becoming smaller指“（数量）变少”。 3．第三段指出卧龙自然保护区占地2000平方公里，现有149只大熊猫，因此许多熊猫在卧龙自然保护区安稳生活。 4．第四段说明科学家一直在研究增加熊猫数量的办法，多种保护举措落实，由此可推断熊猫的数量将会上升。 5．全文围绕野生动物大熊猫的生存现状与保护展开，属于自然类话题，Sports“运动”、History“历史”、Culture“文化”均不匹配，主题为Nature“自然”。 In 1902, British explorer Robert Falcon Scott saw many big black-and-white birds at Ross Island, Antarctica (南极洲罗斯岛). It was the first home of emperor penguins (帝企鹅) ever found. Now, only 124 years after that place was discovered, emperor penguins have been listed as endangered wild animals. What makes them in such danger? Emperor penguins rely on “fast” ice—sea ice strongly connected to the land—for nine months of the year. It’s where the little penguins are born and grow until they have waterproof feathers (防水羽毛). It’s also a safe place for adults to moult (脱毛) every year. They stay on the ice while their swimming feathers grow back. But global warming has led to record-low levels of Antarctic sea ice since 2016. When sea ice breaks up early, the whole area can fall into the water. The little penguins that aren’t fully grown may have difficulty swimming out. Even if some penguins get out of the water, they’re completely wet and will freeze to death. The decrease in Antarctic sea ice has put emperor penguins in great danger. Between 2009 and 2018, the number of emperor penguins fell by 10%. Scientists say they could die out by the end of this century—unless we take action now. To better protect them, we must stop burning fossil fuels (化石燃料) as they produce a large amount of CO2. The sad story of emperor penguins is a clear warning: A warming world cannot be saved tomorrow. We must act now before it’s too late. 1．How does the writer begin the passage? A．By listing endangered wild animals. B．By telling emperor penguins’ past and present. C．By comparing emperor penguins to other animals. 2．Why do emperor penguins need “fast” ice? A．To swim in the water safely. B．To travel to Ross Island, Antarctica. C．To raise babies and change feathers. 3．Which of the following will happen when sea ice breaks up early? A．Adult penguins will grow new feathers. B．Little penguins will be in danger in water. C．Young penguins will learn to swim faster. 4．What is the structure of the passage? A． B． C． 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Act now to save emperor penguins. B．Less sea ice puts penguins in great danger. C．Emperor penguins may die out this century. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．B 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文讲述全球变暖造成南极海冰变少，帝企鹅生存岌岌可危，呼吁人类立刻行动保护它们。 1．文章开头讲述1902年首次发现帝企鹅栖息地(过去)，如今124年后它们成为濒危动物(现在)，是用过去和现状开篇。 2．根据第二段第二、三句“It’s where the little penguins are born and grow... It’s also a safe place for adults to moult…”可知，坚冰用来繁育幼崽、成年企鹅换羽毛的。 3．根据第三段“When sea ice breaks up early...The little penguins that aren’t fully grown may have difficulty swimming out...freeze to death.”可知，海冰过早破裂时，整个区域可能会掉入水中，未完全长大的小企鹅可能在水中有危险。 4．文章第一段是总起段：帝企鹅濒危。第二至四段是分述段：分别讲了企鹅依赖海冰生存；全球变暖海冰减少；企鹅数量下降濒临灭绝。第五段是总结段：警示人类立刻行动。所以文章是“总—分—总”结构，对应C的树形结构。 5．根据最后一段最后一句“We must act now before it’s too late.”可知，本文核心是呼吁立刻行动拯救帝企鹅。 ①Shanghai now has its first World Natural Heritage (遗产) site! It is the Dongtan National Nature Reserve (保护区), a wetland on Chongming Island. It was included in the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024, along with four other wetlands in China. ②Shanghai’s Chongming Island is a must-see for bird lovers. Every year, large numbers of migratory birds (候鸟) visit the island. They stop mostly in the Dongtan National Nature Reserve. The reserve sits on the eastern end of the island and covers 241.55 square kilometers. So far, about 300 kinds of birds have been seen in the area. ③Why has the place become an ideal home for migratory birds? Let’s look at its location (位置). ④At the mouth of the Yangtze River, Dongtan is a great wetland. It’s home to plenty of fish and other animals. Its ecosystem provides a perfect habitat (栖息地) for birds. They use it for nesting and raising young. It’s also a place for birds to feed, drink and rest. ⑤In fact, Chongming Island sits in the middle of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway (EAAF). The EAAF is one of the world’s nine main migration ways for birds. It covers a very large area, from Alaska and the Russian Far East to Australia and New Zealand. More than 50 million birds take this way. ⑥The Dongtan wetland is a key stopover site (中途停留点) along the EAAF. “About one million visits by migratory birds—including those that fly past—are recorded at Dongtan every year,” says Ma Zhijun, a professor at Fudan University’s School of Life Sciences. ⑦In the past few decades, many wetlands have been destroyed. Bird populations have reduced because they have lost their habitats. Luckily, in recent years, the government has worked hard to protect the wetlands. 1．How many wetlands in China were included in the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024? A．One. B．Two. C．Four. D．Five. 2．How does the writer show that Shanghai’s Chongming Island is a must-see for bird lovers? A．By listing numbers. B．By asking questions. C．By giving explanations. D．By giving suggestions. 3．What will the writer probably discuss after the last paragraph? A．The importance of protecting the wetlands. B．The reasons for protecting the wetlands. C．The history of the wetlands’ development. D．The great efforts to protect the wetlands. 4．Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? A． B． C． D． 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 4．A 【导语】本文介绍了上海崇明岛东滩国家自然保护区被列入世界自然遗产名录，分析了其成为候鸟理想栖息地的地理位置和生态条件，并提及湿地保护面临的挑战与努力。 1．第①段指出：“It was included in the World Heritage List on July 26, 2024, along with four other wetlands in China.”东滩湿地与另外四个中国湿地一同被列入，总数为五个。 2．第②段通过具体数据说明：“The reserve sits on the eastern end of the island and covers 241.55 square kilometers. So far, about 300 kinds of birds have been seen in the area.”作者使用面积数据和鸟类种类数量来支撑“must-see”的观点，属于列数字的说明方法。 3．第⑦段结尾提到：“Luckily, in recent years, the government has worked hard to protect the wetlands.”前文提到湿地遭破坏、鸟类减少，后文最可能接续讲述政府为保护湿地所做的具体努力。 4．①段引入主题，介绍东滩入选世界自然遗产；②段介绍东滩作为候鸟聚集地的基本情况；③段提出问题，总领下文对东滩成为候鸟理想栖息地的原因说明；④⑤⑥段具体解释原因；⑦段介绍湿地保护现状。文章整体分为①/②/③（含④⑤⑥/⑦）个并列部分，符合选项A的结构。 Fashion isn’t very environmentally friendly because it makes people buy things they don’t need, just because they’re new. We want to take care of the environment. We don’t want to pollute the air and we don’t want to waste energy and resources. But we also want to be fashionable. How can we buy fashionable clothes and protect the environment? Old styles are fashionable again, so one way is to buy second-hand clothes—recycled clothes. Another way is to buy fair trade clothes. These clothes are either recycled or made in a way that protects the environment. They also protect the people who make the clothes. Surprisingly, white cotton is one of the least environmentally friendly crops of all. To protect the cotton, the growers use chemicals that pollute water, make farm workers ill and kill wildlife. New materials, such as bamboo, grow quickly and are more environmentally friendly. These materials are very soft, and look fantastic. The best materials are coloured using natural dyes (染料) made from plants. Environmentally friendly clothes are practical but they are often dull (沉闷的). Now fashion designers are working with these materials and the clothes are beautiful as well. So now we can buy fashionable clothes that are also environmentally friendly. 1．People often buy things they don’t need because ________. A．new things can be more comfortable B．everyone wants to be fashionable C．people are richer than before now 2．Which of the following is more environmentally friendly? A．Materials that are soft and fantastic. B．Materials that are coloured using natural dyes. C．White cotton. 3．What is the advantage of new materials like bamboo? A．They grow quickly and are eco-friendly. B．They are cheaper than traditional cotton. C．They can only be used to make simple clothes. 4．Why are environmentally friendly clothes more fashionable now? A．Because people pay more attention to our environment. B．Because environmentally friendly clothes are practical. C．Because fashion designers are working to make them beautiful. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，点明普通时尚产业存在环保弊端，介绍践行环保穿搭的选购途径，对比各类面料的环保程度，说明设计师改良后环保面料服饰兼顾美观与时尚属性。 1．第一段“Fashion isn’t very environmentally friendly because it makes people buy things they don’t need, just because they’re new.”，人们受追求时尚的心态驱使，购入非刚需新品，匹配B选项含义。 2．第三段写明白棉花环保性很差；植物天然染料上色的面料属于优质环保面料，B表述正确；A仅描述面料触感外观，不作为环保性判断依据。 3．第三段“New materials, such as bamboo, grow quickly and are more environmentally friendly.”，竹子这类新材料生长速度快、具备环保属性，文中没提及价格、面料款式限制相关内容。 4．末段“Now fashion designers are working with these materials and the clothes are beautiful as well.”，设计师参与设计优化，让环保衣物颜值提升、变得更时髦；A不是直接成因，B是环保服饰原本就具备的特点，无法解释变时尚的缘由。 On the side of the road in the Hoh Xil Nature Reserve in China’s Qinghai Province, you might see a fat wolf. It is always shaking its tail and rolling on the ground in front of the passing cars in hopes of getting a meal. However, the wolf was skin and bones (骨瘦如柴) a few months ago. It is said that the wolf was kicked out of the wolf group because of its poor hunting ability. But that all changed after a passing driver gave it two pies and posted a video of it online in July 2023. This quickly made the wolf popular, with many people coming to the area to provide it with food. Since then, the wolf has turned to passing drivers for snacks that are high in oil, sugar and salt. Then, more wolves have joined. The wolf’s change has led many people to find humor in its similarity to a pet dog. But the change means that it is losing its ability to live in nature. The ability is significant to wild animals. “Wolves are part of the food chain in the ecosystem (生态系统). And if people continue to feed them, their habits will change. This will break their role in the ecosystem and influence the stability (稳定性) of the ecosystem,” said Qi Xinzhang, deputy director of the Xining Wildlife Park in the province. People care about wild animals, but feeding sometimes can cause harm to animals and themselves as well. “It is a good thing that the event has caught people’s attention. Only when more people have a better knowledge of wild animals can they help them in the right way,” said Qi. 1．The wolf was in a very poor condition at first because it ________. A．couldn’t find enough food in the reserve B．was unable to hunt well and was left behind C．was often hurt by passing cars on the road D．got lost and couldn’t find its way back home 2．What is the main reason that the wolf’s change worries people? A．It looks too fat and loses its beauty as a wild wolf. B．It might bring more wolves to live near the road. C．It is starting to forget how to survive in the wild. D．The food from humans is unhealthy and makes it sick. 3．What does Qi Xinzhang think about people feeding the wolf? A．It is a harmless act of kindness that should be encouraged. B．It is necessary to save the wolf since it cannot hunt. C．It is a personal choice and does not affect the ecosystem. D．It is a risky behavior that may harm the ecosystem. 4．Which of the following is the correct order of what happened to the wolf? a. It got popular online.         b. It was driven out of its group. c. It started asking drivers for snacks.         d. A driver gave it food and posted a video. A．b-d-a-c B．d-a-b-c C．b-a-d-c D．a-d-c-b 5．The writer writes this passage to ________. A．tell an interesting story about a clever wolf B．explain why we should not feed wild animals C．encourage more people to visit the nature reserve D．introduce the work of a wildlife protection official 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述可可西里一只狼因捕猎差被狼群驱逐，得到路人投喂后走红并逐渐丧失野外生存能力，专家指出随意投喂野生动物会破坏生态平衡，呼吁大家用正确方式保护野生动物。 1．第二段给出依据：“It is said that the wolf was kicked out of the wolf group because of its poor hunting ability”，说明这只狼最初状态极差是因为捕猎能力差被狼群抛弃。 2．第三段说明担忧的核心原因：“But the change means that it is losing its ability to live in nature. The ability is significant to wild animals”，它逐渐忘记野外生存本领是人们担忧的关键。 3．第四段引用齐新章的观点：投喂会改变狼的习性、破坏其在食物链中的作用、影响生态系统稳定，还会伤害动物和人类，说明投喂是危害生态的危险行为。 4．事件顺序梳理： b. It was driven out of its group.（被狼群驱逐）→d. A driver gave it food and posted a video.（司机投喂并发布视频）→a. It got popular online.（在网上走红）→c. It started asking drivers for snacks.（开始向司机讨要零食），对应顺序b-d-a-c。 5．全文借网红狼的事例，阐述人类随意投喂野生动物的多重危害，文末专家呼吁人们正确保护野生动物，文章目的是解释不能投喂野生动物的原因。 All around the world, buildings are going green! People are making green buildings. What does it mean to go green or to make a green building? A green building is designed in a way that is not bad for the environment. The building uses energy, water, and other materials in ways that are good for the environment. When planning green buildings, architects (建筑师) must think about how to use energy, water, and materials in an environment-friendly way. There are many ways to save energy. One of them is to use natural light to design buildings. Buildings can also get energy from the sun or the wind. Green buildings can have areas on the roofs (屋顶) to collect rainwater. It’s a useful way to conserve water. We can have more water to use. As for the materials, recycled materials can be used for buildings. Buildings around the world use these ways to go green. An office building called CH2 in Melbourne, Australia, uses wind and solar power (太阳能). A cultural center in London, England, is made from recycled train cars and is powered by solar and wind power. The Academy of Science building in California in the US has recycled materials, solar energy, and a huge “living roof” of plants. A temple (寺庙) in Thailand is made out of one million recycled glass bottles! This is a good use of recycled material, and it also lets natural light into the temple. More and more green buildings are being built and they are making the world a better place! 1．What do we know about a green building? A．It is usually painted green outside. B．It is designed by famous architects. C．It uses more materials than other buildings. D．It is built in an environment-friendly way. 2．Why do architects use natural light to design buildings? A．To save energy. B．To save time. C．To protect the plants. D．To protect the buildings. 3．What does the underlined word “conserve” probably mean? A．Save. B．Boil. C．Check. D．Waste. 4．How does the writer support the main idea of paragraph 3? A．By asking questions. B．By listing numbers. C．By giving examples. D．By explaining reasons. 5．What can be the best title for the text? A．Discovering PowerB．Going Green C．Recycling Materials D．Using Energy 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕绿色建筑（going green）展开，解释绿色建筑的环保定义、设计里节能节水与废料回收的实操手段，列举多国典型绿色建筑实例，点明大量绿色建筑落地能优化地球居住环境。 1．原文第一段“A green building is designed in a way that is not bad for the environment”，代表绿色建筑以环保形式修建。 2．第二段“There are many ways to save energy. One of them is to use natural light to design buildings.”，利用自然光的目的是节约能源。 3．前文讲屋顶收集雨水，该举措用来节约用水， conserve water=save water“节约用水”。 4．第3段依次列举澳大利亚办公楼、英国文化中心、美国科教建筑、泰国寺庙4个真实案例佐证观点，论证方式为举例子。 5．全文核心关键词go green“践行环保、打造绿色建筑”贯穿全文。 Around one-third of the world’s lakes are blue according to a study in September 2024. But global warming (全球变暖) may lead them to turn green or even brown. Yang from Southern Methodist University in the US and his team studied the color of over 85,000 lakes based on satellite photos. They found that lakes in places with cooler average summer air temperatures— below 19℃— were more likely to be blue than lakes in places with warmer summers. According to the research, the color of a lake is in part decided by what’s in the water. Water takes in the long wavelengths of sunlight, such as red, orange, and yellow, leaving the shorter ones like green and blue. In other words, the cleaner the water is, the bluer it looks. In warmer lakes, phytoplankton (浮游植物) develops easily. If global warming continues, one in ten blue lakes might change color, according to the study. Lakes serve as an important part of our environment because their color is one of the oldest ways to decide the health of an ecosystem (生态). Humans get their drinking water from lakes, streams and groundwater. As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water. Because of this, treating the water of such lakes becomes more expensive. If the temperature keeps rising, the fast growing of phytoplankton in greener lakes will provide lake animals more food. However, an increase in these things may also cause some lake animals to die because there is not enough oxygen for them. 1．What does the study of Yang’s team show? A．The number of lakes is getting smaller. B．Lakes in cooler areas are usually bluer. C．Most of the lakes are not blue any more. D．People stop getting drinking water from lakes. 2．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．The color of the lakes turns greener. B．It’s difficult to change the color of lakes. C．Groundwater can’t take the place of lake water. D．Lakes play an important part in our environment. 3．What may happen if lakes turn greener? ①Some animals in the lakes may die.         ②The weather in these places may change. ③The plants around the lake may grow well.     ④People may not get enough drinking water. A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④ 4．Why do warmer lakes tend to be green or brown instead of blue? A．Warmer water takes in more blue wavelengths of sunlight. B．Phytoplankton grows easily in warm water and changes the lake’s color. C．Cooler water has more things that take in green and brown light. D．Global warming makes the water in warm lakes dirtier than that in cool lakes. 5．What does the text mainly talk about? A．To describe the photos of over 85,000 lakes. B．To ask us to take actions to protect natural lakes. C．To explain the effects of global warming on lakes. D．To discuss the importance of lakes to humans and animals. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了2024年一项湖泊颜色研究，阐述气温、水中浮游植物如何影响湖泊颜色，分析全球变暖使湖泊变绿、变褐后，对饮用水、湖中生物及生态系统带来的各类负面影响。 1．根据第二段“They found that lakes in places with cooler average summer air temperatures— below 19℃— were more likely to be blue than lakes in places with warmer summers.”可知，研究发现夏季平均气温较低地区的湖泊比气温较高地区的湖泊更有可能呈现蓝色。 2．根据第四段“As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water. Because of this, treating the water of such lakes becomes more expensive.”可知，随着湖泊变得更绿，人们可能会失去大量清洁水，正因为“湖泊颜色变绿”这一现象，处理水变得更昂贵。因此this指代湖泊颜色变绿。 3．根据第四段“As lakes become greener, people may lose lots of clean water.”可知④人们会缺少充足饮用水；根据第五段“an increase in these things may also cause some lake animals to die because there is not enough oxygen for them.”可知①部分水生生物会死亡；文中没有提及②当地天气改变、③湖边植物长势变好，因此选①④。 4．根据第三段“In warmer lakes, phytoplankton develops easily. ... lakes might change color”可知，在较温暖的湖泊中，浮游植物容易生长，从而导致湖泊颜色发生改变。 5．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项关于湖泊颜色的研究，重点阐述了全球变暖如何导致湖泊颜色变化（变绿或变棕）及其带来的生态环境影响。 Earth Day is a special day celebrated on April 22nd every year. It began in 1970 when people started to realize the importance of protecting our environment. Back then, not many people talked about or even thought about the environment. However, as time went by, it became clear that our planet was facing serious problems because of pollution and waste. One example of environmental improvement is the Cuyahoga River in Ohio. It was so polluted that trash and oil slick (浮油膜) floating on the river caught fire several times. The most famous fire was the one in 1969. It damaged (毁坏) two railroad bridges before the firemen brought it under control. Today, it no longer burns, and it’s safe for the wildlife like birds, fish, and other animals. This change shows how far we’ve come in our efforts to clean up our environment. The celebration of Earth Day ▲ . People are paying more attention to their actions on the planet. For instance, in 2007, people in China paid much attention to a big problem. People were throwing away 27 million plastic bags a day! This led to the “Bye-bye Throw-away Culture Week” activity, which aimed to reduce waste and develop recycling. In 2008, China passed new laws against the throw-away culture, especially to protect the soil. These laws have helped to reduce pollution. Every April 22nd, millions of volunteers from around the world come together to clean and protect the Earth. They take part in various activities, from planting trees to cleaning up litter. You can join us in these efforts to make our planet a better place. By taking small actions in our daily lives, we can all contribute to the health of our environment. Earth Day is a reminder that every person has a role to play in protecting our planet for future generations (后代). 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How many years have passed since Earth Day began? A．45 years. B．56 years. C．65 years. D．70 years. 2．Why was Earth Day set? A．Because people started to realize the importance of protecting our environment. B．Because people are paying more attention to their actions on the planet. C．Because the environment is becoming better and better. D．Because April 22nd is the birthday of the Earth. 3．Which of the following can be put in ▲ ? A．has stopped now since the environment has improved B．has now spread to every corner of the world C．has not taken place in some countries D．has not proved to be useful in protecting the environment 4．What can you learn from the text? A．People throw away 20 million plastic bags a day. B．In 2008, America passed new laws against the throw-away culture. C．The “Bye-bye Throw-away Culture Week” activity aimed to reduce recycling. D．Every April 22nd, millions of volunteers take part in various activities to protect the Earth. 5．Which of the following may be the environmental situation of the Cuyahoga River in Ohio now? A．B． C． D． 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．B 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍4月22日地球日的起源、发展，以河流、中国限塑举措说明环保成效，呼吁大众从小事护地球。 1．第一段提到：“It began in 1970”，表明地球日始于1970年，今年2026年，2026-1970=56。 2．第一段提到：“It began in 1970 when people started to realize the importance of protecting our environment”，说明设立地球日是因为人们开始意识到保护环境的重要性。 3．空格后文提及中国民众重视环保问题、全球数百万志愿者参与活动，说明地球日活动传遍世界各地，B选项“has now spread to every corner of the world”符合语境。 4．第四段提到：“Every April 22nd, millions of volunteers from around the world come together to clean and protect the Earth. They take part in various activities”，说明每年4月22日，数百万志愿者都会参与各种活动，共同保护地球。 5．第二段提到：“One example of environmental improvement is the Cuyahoga River in Ohio. It was so polluted...Today, it no longer burns, and it’s safe for the wildlife like birds, fish, and other animals.”，说明凯霍加河经过环境治理之后生态恢复，鸟类重新回到河边栖息；A选项画面中有飞鸟，符合现在环境变好的现状。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Have you ever imagined that dunes (沙丘) can move? It sounds like something from a science fiction (科幻) movie, but it’s real in nature. A recent study carried out by Nanjing University has made an interesting finding: the dunes in the deserts of western China are moving much more slowly now than before. Dunes form in areas where there is a great deal of sand and very little water. Their shape and the way they move depend on the wind. When the wind blows strongly, dunes can move a lot, but when it’s weak, their movement slows down. To study these dunes, a team of hard-working scientists used satellite (卫星) pictures taken from 1986 to 2021. After carefully studying these pictures, they discovered that the movement speed of the dunes has slowed down by 30 percent. The main reason, as reported by China Science Daily, is that the wind has become weaker, so it carries less sand. This discovery supports the idea of “global wind stilling,” which means the wind near the ground is slowing down across the world. With slower wind carrying less sand, sandstorms happen less often. This is good for plants to grow in dry areas. However, there are also some disadvantages. Slower near-ground wind can also make wind power work less well. What’s worse, it might make it harder for pollution to go away, according to the researchers from Nanjing University. Understanding these changes in dune movement and wind patterns is not just about sand and wind. It helps us clearly see how our environment is changing little by little and what effects these changes have on both nature and human activities, from energy production to environmental protection. It reminds us that even small changes in nature can have big effects in the world. 1．How does the writer start the passage? A．By asking a question.B．By giving a fact.C．By giving an example. D．By listing numbers. 2．Why are the dunes in western China’s deserts moving more slowly now? A．There is more water in the deserts than before. B．Scientists have used satellites to stop dune movement. C．The wind has become weaker and carries less sand. D．More plants are growing and keeping the sand still. 3．If the wind in western China’s deserts becomes stronger again, ________. A．the number of sandstorms will increase B．the dunes will stop moving completely C．wind power will work less well D．plants in dry areas will grow better 4．What can you get from paragraph 4? A．We don’t need to pay attention to small changes in nature. B．Environmental changes have nothing to do with human activities. C．Dune movement changes only affect nature, not human life. D．Learning about dune and wind changes helps with environmental protection. 5．This passage is most probably taken from ________. A．a storybook B．a science magazine C．a history textbook D．a notice 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍南京大学关于中国西部沙漠沙丘移动变慢的科研发现，分析风力减弱是核心原因，阐述该现象带来的利弊，并说明研究沙丘、风力变化对自然与人类活动的重要意义。 1．根据第一段第一句 “Have you ever imagined that dunes (沙丘) can move?” 可知，作者以提出问题的方式开篇。 2．根据第二段最后一句 “The main reason, as reported by China Science Daily, is that the wind has become weaker, so it carries less sand.” 可知，中国西部沙漠沙丘移动变慢是因为风力变弱，携带的沙子更少。 3．根据第三段第二句 “With slower wind carrying less sand, sandstorms happen less often.” 反向推导可知，若风力再次变强，风沙携带量增加，沙尘暴的数量会增多。 4．根据第四段第一、二句 “Understanding these changes in dune movement and wind patterns...from energy production to environmental protection.” 可知，了解沙丘与风力变化有助于开展环境保护工作。 5．根据全文围绕沙丘移动、风力变化展开科学研究科普，内容专业客观可知，文章最有可能刊登在科学杂志上。 Climate Change Changes Local Weather Patterns In Unit 10, we studied weather observation and climate rules. Most students think climate change is a faraway problem that only influences polar ice and ocean animals. However, records from our city’s weather station show that climate change is already changing our daily weather and local natural forces clearly. Thirty years ago, our city usually had steady four seasons. Spring was warm with light rain, summer had moderate thunderstorms, autumn was cool and dry, and winter had light snow every year. Now, the weather becomes much less regular. Spring temperatures rise faster, and we face long dry periods before May. Last year, no rain fell for forty days in spring, which made many farmlands crack. Farmers had to carry river water to water crops day after day. Summer thunderstorms become stronger and more sudden. In the past, heavy rain warnings were sent out hours before storms arrived. Now, strong storms can form within thirty minutes. Last summer, a sudden heavy rain caused a small flood in the old town area. The underground drainage system could not take so much rainwater quickly, and many ground floors of shops were filled with water. Local weather workers explained that warmer air holds more water vapor, so rain falls in larger amounts in shorter time. Winter is getting warmer year by year. Thirty years ago, the temperature often dropped below minus five degrees Celsius for two or three weeks every winter. Now, cold days below zero are fewer and shorter. Light snow used to come in late December, but in the past three years, snow only appeared once in early February and melted in one day. Less snow means less water storage for spring farm use. The river that feeds farmlands has lower water levels every spring now. Strong winds also appear more often in all seasons. Thirty years ago, strong wind warnings came three to four times a year. Now we get eight to ten wind warnings every year. Strong winds break fruit tree branches, blow down street trees and even damage small farm greenhouses. Weather station workers advise local people to form good habits to cut down energy waste, such as saving electricity, taking public transport and planting more trees. Small daily changes can slow down climate change. Schools should teach teenagers more climate knowledge from Unit 9 to Unit 11, so young people understand the connection between human activities and natural forces. Only when everyone takes action can we protect our local weather environment for the future. 1．What do most students think about climate change at first? A．It only affects faraway places. B．It changes local summer rain a lot. C．It brings more snow every winter. D．It makes spring rain heavier. 2．What problem did last spring’s long dry weather bring? A．Street trees were blown down. B．Farmland cracked and lacked water. C．Underground shops flooded. D．Greenhouses broke in wind. 3．Why are summer thunderstorms more sudden and heavy now? A．There are more rivers in the city. B．Warmer air holds more water vapor. C．The drainage system is too old. D．Farmers use too much underground water. 4．Which statement about local winter weather is correct? A．Snow comes earlier than thirty years ago. B．Cold days below zero last longer. C．Winter temperatures are higher than before. D．Every winter has heavy snow for weeks. 5．What suggestion do weather workers give people? A．Move farmlands near big rivers. B．Reduce daily energy waste. C．Build bigger drainage systems. D．Stop planting fruit trees outdoors. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文通过对比三十年前与现在当地天气变化的数据，说明了气候变化已经对本地天气模式产生了明显影响，并呼吁人们养成节能习惯、学习气候知识，以保护未来的天气环境。 1．根据第一段第二句“Most students think climate change is a faraway problem that only influences polar ice and ocean animals.”可知，大多数学生最初认为气候变化只影响遥远的地方。 2．根据第二段最后两句“Last year, no rain fell for forty days in spring, which made many farmlands crack. Farmers had to carry river water to water crops day after day.”可知，去年春季长期干旱导致农田干裂、缺水。 3．根据第三段最后一句“Local weather workers explained that warmer air holds more water vapor, so rain falls in larger amounts in shorter time.”可知，夏季雷暴更突然、雨量更大，是因为更暖的空气能容纳更多水蒸气。 4．根据第四段第一句“Winter is getting warmer year by year.”及后文对寒冷天数减少、降雪减少的描述可知，当地冬季气温比以前更高。 5．根据最后一段第一句“Weather station workers advise local people to form good habits to cut down energy waste, such as saving electricity, taking public transport and planting more trees.”可知，气象工作者建议人们减少日常能源浪费。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $