Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题选词填空10篇-2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“大自然与生态系统”主题，通过分级语篇选词填空实现基础巩固与能力提升，系统性培养语言运用与生态保护意识。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|题型特征|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |基础语篇巩固练|7篇|基础词汇语境运用，单空一词|从光污染、沙漠治理等基础话题切入，考查动词、名词等基础词性变化与上下文衔接| |重难语篇提升练|3篇|复杂语篇词汇辨析，含多余项|围绕生物多样性、生态保护等深化主题，涉及长难句语境中词汇精准运用，体现由易到难认知进阶|

Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题选词填空练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 dangerous  help  well  but  worry  of  find  star  all  much What do you see when you look at the sky at night? A long time ago, people could see lots of 1 . But now, city lights make the sky bright. Because 2 this, people in cities can’t see many stars. Light is very important and 3 for us. We need light to see things and plants need it to grow. 4 too much light is not good. We need some time with no light to sleep well. Long ago, nights were 5 darker. Now, nights are like days because of all the lights. Some scientists are 6 about that, because they think this can hurt our health. Then comes the concept (概念) of light pollution. Light pollution can also hurt animals. Birds and insects can be in 7 if there is too much light at night. Luckily, scientists are trying to 8 ways to reduce light pollution. This can help us live 9 . For example, many street lights now have covers on them. These covers make the light go down to the ground and not up into the sky. This helps save energy, too. We should 10 think about how to use light properly. Less light pollution is good for us and for nature. 【答案】 1．stars 2．of 3．helpful 4．But 5．much 6．worried 7．danger 8．find 9．better 10．all 【导语】本文介绍光污染的危害——城市灯光遮蔽星空，过多人造光影响睡眠与健康，并伤害动物，科学家正采取措施减少光污染，倡导合理用光。 1．句意：很久以前，人们能看到很多星星。本空需名词复数作宾语，所给名词有star、worry、help，star符合，需变为stars；“worry”意为担忧不可数且语义不符，“help”意为帮助也不对。 2．句意：由于这个，城市里的人看不到很多星星。本空需介词与Because搭配成Because of，所给词中只有of为介词，直接填入。 3．句意：光非常重要并且对我们很有帮助。本空需形容词作表语，所给词中help可变为helpful；“dangerous”意为有害的，与“我们需要光”矛盾，故排除。 4．句意：但是太多的光不好。本空需转折连词连接前后句，所给词中只有but为连词，句首大写为But。 5．句意：很久以前，夜晚要黑暗得多。本空需程度副词修饰比较级darker，所给词中much可修饰比较级(……得多)；“all”虽可作副词但意为全部，不修饰比较级。 6．句意：一些科学家正担忧此事。本空需形容词作表语构成be worried about，所给词中worry需变为过去分词worried作形容词；“dangerous”意为有害的，不接about。 7．句意：鸟类和昆虫可能处于危险中。本空需名词作in的宾语构成in danger，所给词中dangerous是形容词，需变为名词danger；“help”意为帮助，in help不成立。 8．句意：科学家正试图找到减少光污染的方法。本空需动词原形(try to do)，所给动词中find意为找到，搭配ways合理；“help”意为帮助，不接“方法”作宾语。 9．句意：这能帮助我们生活得更好。本空需副词比较级修饰live(与现状比较)，所给词中well的比较级为better；“much”不表“好”，“all”意为全部，均不符合。 10．句意：我们都应该认真思考如何正确使用光。本空需副词修饰should think，所给词中all作副词表“都”，直接填入；“much”作副词修饰比较级，此处无比较级。 阅读下列句子，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使句子通顺、完整。 注意：每空限填一词，每词限用一次。请把答案填写在答题卷相应处的横线上。 strong,  bad,  with,  action,  begin,  problem,  big,  when,  they,  change The Maowusu Desert is on the border (边界) of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. It is one of the 1 deserts in China. After fighting against the sand for over 60 years, Chinese people are going to 2 the desert into grassland. In the past, the Maowusu Desert brought many 3 . It’s said that Yulin City of Shaanxi moved three times just because of sandstorms. Besides, the Yellow River carried sand away 4 it passed that area, making it a real “yellow” river. And 5 of all, people went hungry for short of food and became ill. In 1959, China took 6 to control the sand. Later the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (三北防护林带) 7 . People wanted to make the Maowusu Desert alive again. And after working for over 60 years, 8 dream comes true. More than 30% of the desert is covered 9 forests and grass. And Yulin has got much new farmland to grow crops. We 10 believe that some day the Maowusu Desert won’t be a desert any more. People living there are sure to lead a happier life. 【答案】 1．biggest 2．change 3．problems 4．when 5．worst 6．action 7．began 8．their 9．with 10．strongly 【导语】本文讲述了毛乌素沙漠的治理历程。毛乌素沙漠曾是中国最大的沙漠之一，给当地带来诸多问题，如沙尘暴、黄河变黄和粮食短缺。自1959年起，中国采取措施治沙，启动三北防护林带工程。经过60多年努力，沙漠的30%以上被森林和草地覆盖，榆林获得新农田，人们坚信毛乌素终将不再是沙漠。 1．句意：它是中国最大的沙漠之一。one of the后需接形容词最高级，表示“最……之一”。根据上下文，毛乌素沙漠的面积很大，是“最大的”沙漠之一。备选词“big”的最高级形式为biggest。 2．句意：中国人民即将把沙漠变成草原。be going to后接动词原形。change...into...是固定搭配，意为“把……变成……”。根据上下文，治沙是将沙漠“变成”草地。备选词“change”符合语义。 3．句意：过去，毛乌素沙漠带来了许多问题。many后需接可数名词复数。根据上下文，后文列举沙尘暴、黄河变黄、粮食短缺等都是沙漠带来的“问题”。备选词“problem”符合语义，其复数形式为problems。 4．句意：此外，当黄河经过那个地区时，带走了沙子，使其成为真正的“黄河”。此处需要一个连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”。根据上下文，黄河在“经过”该地区时带走沙子。备选词“when”符合语义。 5．句意：最糟糕的是，人们因缺少食物而挨饿并生病。根据上下文，挨饿生病是所有问题中“最坏的”。备选词“bad”的最高级形式为worst。worst of all是固定短语，意为“最糟糕的是”。此处需要形容词最高级作状语，表示程度的严重性。 6．句意：在1959年，中国采取了行动来控制风沙。此处需要一个名词作took的宾语。根据上下文，中国“采取行动”治沙。备选词“action”符合语义。take action是固定搭配，意为“采取行动”。 7．句意：后来，三北防护林带工程开始了。此处需要一个动词作谓语。根据上下文，防护林工程“开始”实施。备选词“begin”符合语义，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时began。 8．句意：经过60多年的努力，他们的梦想成真了。此处需要一个形容词性物主代词修饰名词dream，指代治沙人的梦想。备选词“they”的形容词性物主代词为their。 9．句意：沙漠的30%以上被森林和草地覆盖。be covered with是固定搭配，意为“被……覆盖”。 10．句意：我们坚信，总有一天毛乌素沙漠将不再是一片沙漠。此处需要一个副词修饰动词believe，表示相信的程度。根据上下文，经过多年努力，人们“坚定地”相信沙漠会消失。备选词“strong”的副词形式为strongly。 请阅读下面语篇，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使语篇通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 poor, we, difficulty, over and over again, pay off, when, child, from, begin, good At Zhengyiguan Pass (正义关) in the Helan Mountains of Ningxia, wind once carried sand dust. Now, you can see tall trees with thick leaves. The environment here is getting much 1 . This beautiful change is the result of over 30 years of hard work by Ding Rugang and his wife Yang Huacai. The couple moved 2 Jiangsu to Ningxia in 1959 for work. After retiring (退休) in 1988, they 3 planting trees at Zhengyiguan Pass. “No green leaves could be seen here 4 we first arrived in 1989,” said Ding in his nineties. “My proudest thing is the trees here. All were planted by 5 own hands.” They faced many 6 in the beginning. There were few saplings (树苗), so they carried them by bus or train from Jiangsu. The soil there was 7 because of too much sand and rock. So they dug the soil 8 . And they had to get water from places far away. Finally, their great effort 9 . Over 40,000 trees cover about 0.27 km²! And their 10 also joined the work. Their son Ding Feng worked till 2021, their daughter Ding Ping moved here after her retirement in 2021, and another son Ding Yi gave up his job in the city in 2017 to care for the forest. Their hard work has brought life to this area and turned it into green paradise. 【导语】本文讲述丁汝刚夫妇扎根宁夏正义关三十多年植树治沙，克服重重困难改良土地，付出终有回报，子女也接力造林，让荒漠变成绿洲。 1．句意：这里的环境变得好多了。此处表示环境变“好”，选用good，much后接形容词比较级，good的比较级为better。 2．句意：这对夫妻1959年从江苏搬到宁夏工作。固定搭配move from…to…从……搬到……，用介词from。 3．句意：1988年退休后，他们开始在正义关种树。此处表示“开始”种树，选用begin，根据时间状语in 1988可知动作发生在过去，用一般过去时，begin过去式began。 4．句意：“我们1989年刚来这里的时候，看不到一点绿色。”九十多岁的丁汝刚说。此处需要连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，选用when。 5．句意：我最骄傲的就是这里的树，全都是我们亲手种下的。直接引语中Ding代表夫妇二人说话，修饰名词hands需用we的形容词性物主代词our。 6．句意：一开始他们遇到了很多困难。many后接可数名词复数；difficulty的复数形式为difficulties。 7．句意：因为沙土石块太多，那里的土地十分贫瘠。此处形容土地土质差、贫瘠，选用形容词poor作表语。 8．句意：于是他们一遍又一遍地翻土改良。此处需要短语修饰动词dug，表达反复、多次的含义，选用短语over and over again。 9．句意：最终，他们巨大的付出得到了回报。此处表示“回报”，pay off“取得成功、得到回报”符合语境，叙述过去的事实用一般过去时，pay过去式为paid。 10．句意：他们的子女也加入了种树的工作。后文介绍多个儿女，选用名词child，此处需用复数形式children。 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 for    than    we    jar    and    how    turn    every    pollute    healthy Our planet is in trouble, and it’s time we did something! Look around — rivers aren’t as clear as before, and the air sometimes smells bad. Human activities have caused serious 1 to the environment. We use too much energy every day. 2 off lights when leaving a room can save a lot of electricity. What’s more, we should stop using plastic bags. 3 harmful they are to sea animals! Waste sorting is also important. It helps 4 recycle things like paper and glass. We can reuse old 5 as small planters instead of throwing them away. This way, we reduce waste and protect resources. Trees are our best friends. They absorb carbon dioxide 6 make the air fresh. Let’s plant more trees in our neighborhood. It will be good to see green everywhere! Factories should stop pouring dirty water into rivers. Clean water is necessary 7 all living things. And we can walk or ride bikes more often 8 driving cars. It’s good for both our 9 and the earth. Saving the earth isn’t hard. 10 small action matters. Let’s start now! 【答案】 1．pollution 2．Turning 3．How 4．us 5．jars 6．and 7．for 8．than 9．health 10．Every 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。作者指出了地球目前面临的环境问题，并从节约能源、垃圾分类、植树造林、保护水源和绿色出行等方面提出了具体的环保建议，呼吁大家从小事做起，共同保护我们的地球。 1．句意：人类活动已经对环境造成了严重的污染。根据“Human activities have caused serious ...”可知，此处需要填入一个名词作宾语表示引起的结果，pollute“污染”是动词，其名词形式为pollution。 2．句意：离开房间时关灯可以节省很多电。此处缺少主语，应填入动名词形式作主语，turn off“关掉”符合语境“关灯可以省电”的语境，turn的动名词形式为Turning，位于句首，首字母需大写。 3．句意：它们对海洋动物是多么有害啊！根据句末的感叹号及“harmful they are”可知，此处为感叹句，修饰形容词harmful应用疑问副词How，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 4．句意：它帮助我们回收像纸和玻璃这样的东西。help为动词，其后接人称代词宾格作宾语，we的宾格形式为us。 5．句意：我们可以把旧罐子重新用作小花盆，而不是把它们扔掉。根据“We can reuse old … as small planters instead of throwing them away.”可知，此处应用表示容器的名词，jar“罐子”是可数名词，此处泛指多个旧罐子，应用复数形式jars。 6．句意：它们吸收二氧化碳并使空气保持清新。“absorb carbon dioxide”与“make the air fresh”是两个并列的动作，应用连词and连接。 7．句意：干净的水对所有生物来说都是必要的。be necessary for ...是固定搭配，意为“对……来说是必要的”。 8．句意：我们可以更多地步行或骑自行车，而不是开车。根据句意“walk or ride bikes more”与“driving cars”形成对比，此处应填比较级连词than，构成more often than driving cars“比开车更频繁”。 9．句意：这对我们的健康和地球都有好处。空前是形容词性物主代词our，此处需要填入名词，healthy“健康的”是形容词，其名词形式为health。 10．句意：每一个微小的行动都很重要。根据“small action matters”可知，此处指“每一个”行动，every“每一个”符合语境，且位于句首，首字母需大写。 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余选项。 they with build cross stop easy  food however in danger so protect Many animals need to move from one place to another. Often they do this as part of natural migration (迁徙). Sometimes they need to move to a new area when 1 gets low or the situations get worse. Humans take over large areas of the Earth. Roads and highways cut up many of the natural areas into many small parts, making it 2 for animals to move. One way of helping these animals is to build bridges and tunnels to help them 3 dangerous roads. In 2018, Utah 4 a wildlife bridge over the busy highway I-80. Usually, it takes animals a long time to find and begin using wildlife bridges, 5 scientists thought the bridge wouldn’t get much traffic for several years. 6 , a video shows many different kinds of animals are already using the bridge. Hainan gibbons (长臂猿) are 7 danger because the number is getting much smaller. Scientists are trying their best to 8 them. In 2015 a rope bridge appeared there to help Hainan gibbons cross the forest 9 . These changes don’t just help animals. 10 save human lives too. In the US alone, there are many road accidents every year caused by cars and trucks hitting wild animals. Now people in other countries are looking to try these ideas too. 【答案】 1．food 2．dangerous 3．cross 4．built 5．so 6．However 7．in 8．protect 9．easily 10．They 【导语】本文主要讲述道路分割了动物的栖息地，人们修建野生动物天桥、索道桥帮助动物安全迁徙，同时这类设施也能减少人车碰撞、保护人类生命。 1．句意：有时候当食物变得稀少或情况变得更糟时，它们需要搬到一个新的区域‌。此处表示食物短缺，不可数名词food“食物”，符合语义，此处作从句主语，用原形即可。 2．句意：公路和高速公路将大片自然区域分割成小块，让动物迁徙变得危险。根据前文道路割裂栖息地，动物迁徙需要过马路，会变得危险，句中“making it…”提示，make sth+形容词“使……变得”，此处表达“使迁徙变得危险”，需要形容词作宾语补足语，danger的形容词形式为dangerous“危险的”。 3．句意：帮助这些动物的办法之一是修建桥梁和隧道，帮助它们穿过危险的公路。句中“help them…dangerous roads.”提示，此处指“帮助它们穿过危险的公路”，help sb. do sth.固定短语，后接动词原形，穿过马路用cross，此处需用动词原形cross。 4．句意：2018年，犹他州在繁忙的80号州际公路上方修建了一座野生动物天桥。句中“…a wildlife bridge”提示，此处指“修建了一座野生动物天桥”，时间状语“2018年”可知，描述过去发生的动作，用一般过去时，动词用过去式，build“修建”，动词，过去式为built。 5．句意：通常，动物需要很久才能发现并使用野生动物天桥，因此科学家认为这座桥好几年都不会有多少动物通行。前后两句存在因果逻辑关系，前半句“it takes animals a long time to find and begin using wildlife bridges”是原因，后半句“scientists thought the bridge wouldn’t get much traffic for several years.”是结果，so引导结果状语从句，意为“因此、所以”，连接并列句。 6．句意：然而，一段视频显示许多不同种类的动物已经在使用这座桥了。前文科学家预判天桥使用率低，后文实际情况相反，前后存在转折关系，however表转折，位于句首首字母大写，因此填However。 7．句意：海南长臂猿处于危险之中，因为它们的数量正在大幅减少。句中“Hainan gibbons(长臂猿)are…danger”提示，此处指“海南长臂猿处于危险之中”，be in danger“处于危险中”，固定搭配，因此填in。 8．句意：科学家们正在尽最大努力保护它们。句中“trying their best to…them”提示，此处指“尽最大努力保护它们”，protect“保护”，动词，try one’s best to do sth.“尽某人最大努力做某事”，to后接动词原形，因此填动词原形protect。 9．句意：2015年，那里出现了一座绳索桥，帮助海南长臂猿容易地穿越森林。长臂猿有了绳索桥的帮助，容易地穿过森林，此处需要用副词修饰动词cross，easy的副词形式为easily“容易地”。 10．句意：它们也拯救人类的生命。空格处指代前文的“These changes”，作句子主语，填主格they“它们”，句首首字母大写，因此填They。 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 common  get  influence  value  at  baby  drop  take  serious  enough A new study has found that older wild animals are very important. They have 1 knowledge that helps their groups live. Researchers studied thousands of papers about older animals, such as their 2 on the environment and the situations they face. Older animals help their group members in many ways. Older birds  are better 3 finding food and safe places for 4 , so the young birds are more likely to live. Older elephants are good at 5 care of themselves as well as others and watching out for risks like lions and dangerous environments. Grandmother whales use their experience to help families find food when it is not 6 . However, older animals are in great danger now. Too much fishing makes the number of older fish 7 fast. Researchers warn that in areas where hunting is 8 , the situation of older animals is worse because people want to 9 some parts of their bodies. The researchers advise that older animals should be protected. They also suggest that fishing companies should take it 10 and stop catching too much to help with the whole population. 【答案】 1．valuable 2．influence 3．at 4．babies 5．taking 6．enough 7．drop 8．common 9．get 10．seriously 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了老年野生动物对种群生存的重要性，包括它们积累的宝贵知识、对环境的积极影响，以及它们当前面临的威胁（过度捕捞、猎杀），最后呼吁保护老年动物并采取严肃行动。 1．句意：它们拥有宝贵的知识，有助于它们的群体生存。前句说年长动物非常重要，此处需形容词修饰knowledge。valuable意为“宝贵的”，符合“帮助群体生存”的语境。 2．句意：研究人员研究了数千篇关于老年动物的论文，例如它们对环境的影响以及它们面临的处境。固定搭配“influence on”表示“对……的影响”。 3．句意：年长的鸟类更擅长为幼鸟寻找食物和安全的地方。固定短语“be good at”意为“擅长”。 4．句意：年长的鸟类更擅长为幼鸟寻找食物和安全的地方，因此幼鸟更有可能存活。前文提到young birds，此处填babies指代“幼鸟”。 5．句意：年长的大象擅长照顾自己和其他大象，并警惕狮子等危险和恶劣环境。固定短语“take care of”意为“照顾”，空前有介词at，故用taking。 6．句意：祖母鲸鱼利用自己的经验，在食物不足时帮助家族寻找食物。“food is not enough”表示食物不足，故选形容词enough。 7．句意：过度捕捞导致老年鱼类的数量迅速下降。drop意为“下降”，符合数字减少的语境。然后make sb. do sth.故这里用drop原形。 8．句意：研究人员警告，在狩猎普遍的地区，老年动物的处境更糟。common意为“普遍的”，与worse形成逻辑呼应。 9．句意：人们想要获取它们身体的某些部位。get意为“得到、获取”，符合非法猎杀的动机。故选用动词get。 10．句意：他们还建议渔业公司认真对待此事，停止过度捕捞。固定短语“take it seriously”意为“认真对待”，故用形容词serious的副词形式。 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。 care    fish    because    water    when    for    check    less    animal    the The Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) is a cute animal that lives in China’s Yangtze River. Sadly, its population dropped sharply—from about 2,700 in the early 1990s to only 1,800 by 2006. Why? 1 more and more boats made the river noisy and dirty. To protect the river and the animals, the Chinese government has taken action. One great idea is the “river and lake chief system” (河湖长制). It asks leaders at different levels to take 2 of rivers and lakes. For example, Ouyang Junnian, a river chief in Hunan, 3 the river every day. He also helps stop 4 pollution and protects the riverbanks. Another important measure that started in 2021 is a 10-year fishing ban (禁渔令). People are not allowed 5 in the Yangtze River. This is necessary because too much fishing means 6 food for the porpoises. Also, some porpoises get caught in fishing nets by accident 7 people are fishing on the Yangtze River. Thanks to these efforts, 8 number of Yangtze finless porpoises increased from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,249 in 2022. Many other 9 , such as the Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), are also returning to the river. What we do can make a big difference. Let’s keep working together to protect this lovely “panda of the water”. And make the Yangtze River a safe home 10 all animals. 【答案】 1．Because 2．care 3．checks 4．water 5．to fish 6．less 7．when 8．the 9．animals 10．for 【导语】本文介绍了长江江豚的濒危现状，以及中国政府通过河湖长制、十年禁渔令等措施保护江豚和长江生态的努力，展现了保护生物多样性的重要性。 1．句意：为什么？因为越来越多的船只让河流变得嘈杂又肮脏。前文提出问题“Why?”，此处用Because回答原因，句首首字母大写。 2．句意：它要求各级河长负责河流和湖泊。此处考查固定搭配take care of，意为“照顾、负责”。 3．句意：例如，湖南的河长欧阳俊年每天巡查河流。此处需要动词第三人称单数形式，主语Ouyang Junnian是第三人称单数，句子时态为一般现在时，check的第三人称单数形式是checks。 4．句意：他还帮助阻止水污染，保护河岸。此处考查固定搭配water pollution，意为“水污染”。 5．句意：人们不被允许在长江里捕鱼。此处考查固定搭配be not allowed to do sth.，意为“不被允许做某事”，fish的不定式形式是to fish。 6．句意：这是必要的，因为过度捕鱼意味着江豚的食物更少了。此处需要形容词比较级，much的反义词little的比较级是less，意为“更少的”。 7．句意：另外，当人们在长江捕鱼时，一些江豚也会不小心被渔网缠住。此处需要连词引导时间状语从句，when意为“当……的时候”。 8．句意：多亏了这些努力，长江江豚的数量从2017年的1012头增加到了2022年的1249头。此处考查固定搭配the number of，意为“……的数量”。 9．句意：许多其他动物，比如中华鲟，也回到了河流中。此处需要名词复数，many后接可数名词复数，animal的复数形式是animals。 10．句意：让我们继续共同努力保护这只可爱的“水中大熊猫”，让长江成为所有动物的安全家园。此处考查固定搭配a safe home for sb./sth.，意为“给……的安全家园”。 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） different   day   produce   leave   warm   rise   wonder   stay   become   act The summer of 2025 has brought extremely hot weather to many parts of the world. People are 1 why it is much hotter than usual. One main reason is global warming. For over 100 years, humans have 2 huge amounts of greenhouse gases. These gases act like a thick blanket, keeping heat from 3 the Earth. As a result, the average temperature has 4 by about 1.1℃. Another factor is El Niño (厄尔尼诺现象), a natural climate event. It makes the Pacific Ocean waters 5 than normal. This changes global weather patterns. In China, the subtropical (亚热带的) high pressure 6 there for a long time, acting like a lid that traps hot air. Urbanization (城市化) also plays a role. Cities have more buildings. With fewer trees to cool the air, the “urban heat island” effect 7 more serious. Scientists say such extreme heat will happen more often if we don’t reduce emissions (排放). We need to take active 8 to protect our planet. Small changes in 9 life, like using public transport, can make a big 10 . 【答案】 1．wondering 2．produced 3．leaving 4．risen 5．warmer 6．stays 7．becomes 8．action 9．daily 10．difference 【导语】本文介绍了 2025 年全球极端高温天气频发的现状，分析了全球变暖、厄尔尼诺现象、城市化三大成因，并呼吁人们采取行动保护地球。 1．句意：人们正好奇为什么天气比往常热得多。本句表示人们“疑惑”为什么天气更热，本句为现在进行时，be动词后需用现在分词，wonder的现在分词为wondering，符合语境。 2．句意：100 多年来，人类产生了大量温室气体。本句表示人类“产生”了大量温室气体，本句为现在完成时，have后需用过去分词，produce的过去分词为produced，表示“产生、制造”。 3．句意：这些气体就像厚厚的毯子，阻止热量从地球散失。固定搭配keep…from doing sth.表示 “阻止…… 做某事”，leave的动名词为leaving。 4．句意：因此，平均气温上升了约 1.1 摄氏度。本句表示平均气温“上升”了1.1℃本句为现在完成时，has后需用过去分词，rise的过去分词为risen，表示“（气温）上升”。 5．句意：它使太平洋海水比平常更温暖。由空后than可知此处用比较级，表示海水比平常更“温暖”，warm的比较级为warmer。 6．句意：在中国，亚热带高压长时间滞留于此，像盖子一样困住热空气。主语pressure为单数，本句为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数，stay的三单形式为stays，表示“停留、滞留”。 7．句意：树木减少无法降温，“城市热岛”效应变得更严重。空处表示热岛效应“变得”更严重，主语effect为单数，本句为一般现在时，谓语动词用第三人称单数，become的三单形式为becomes，表示“变得”。 8．句意：我们需要采取积极行动保护我们的星球。固定搭配take active action表示“采取积极行动”，act的名词形式为action。 9．句意：日常生活中的微小改变，比如乘坐公共交通，会产生巨大影响。固定搭配daily life表示 “日常生活”，day的形容词形式为daily。 10．句意：日常生活中的微小改变，比如乘坐公共交通，会产生巨大影响。固定搭配make a big difference表示“产生重大影响”，different的名词形式为difference。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 deep four we find much how  connect record each why improve value The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, surrounded by the Nanling Mountains and facing the South China Sea, is home to a diverse ecosystem (多样性生态系统). As a global biodiversity (生物多样性) hotspot, it has striking landscapes (迷人风光) and rare wildlife. To let the public enjoy the area’s natural beauty, Dynamic Bay Area: Biodiversity Photography Exhibition (活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展) took place in Guangzhou this month. It 1 over 80 photos taken by local photographers. The five-day event wanted to plant a seed of awareness, inspiring closer 2 between people and nature. All the pictures showed the great 3 and beauty of the sights during last year’s 5,000-kilometer journey. The event is divided into 4 chapters—Mountains, Rivers, Sea and City. It showed the area’s hidden wonders: from Chinese white dolphins to spoon-billed sandpipers. Walking through the exhibition, visitors could 5 explore the area’s natural world. The exhibition explained 6 environmental protection goes hand in hand with local development. It tells us that city progress and biodiversity protection can live in peace with 7 other. True protection starts from careful observation. It teaches 8 to value every living thing and love our home. By getting close to nature, people will make a 9 more important promise to keep it safe. Such events 10 people’s sense of responsibility day by day. It reminds us that by observing the natural world closely, we develop a stronger commitment (责任与担当) to its protection. 【答案】 1．recorded 2．connection 3．value 4．four 5．deeply 6．how 7．each 8．us 9．much 10．improve 【导语】本文介绍了“活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展”在广州举办的意义和内容，强调人与自然的联系及保护责任。 1．句意：它记录了当地摄影师拍摄的80多张照片。本句讲述已经举办过的展览，时态为一般过去时；record意为“记录”，符合照片留存信息的语境，过去式为recorded。 2．句意：这场为期五天的活动想要种下环保意识的种子，拉近人与自然之间更紧密的联系。closer是形容词，后面需要接名词，connect是动词，名词形式为connection，表达“联系”，契合人与自然的关系。 3．句意：所有照片都展现出去年五千公里旅途景色的价值与美丽。great修饰名词，and并列beauty，value作名词表示“价值”，和美景并列，符合语境。 4．句意：这次展览分为四个篇章——山川、河流、海洋与城市。后文列出了四个主题，需要基数词；four意为“四”，用来描述篇章数量。 5．句意：走在展厅中，参观者可以深入探索这片区域的自然世界。此处修饰动词explore，要用副词，deep是形容词，副词形式deeply，表示“深入地”。deeply explore“深入探索”。 6．句意：这场展览阐释了环境保护如何与地方发展协同推进。本句为宾语从句，此处表达方式；how引导方式状语，符合句意逻辑。 7．句意：它告诉我们城市发展与生物多样性保护可以彼此和平共处。each other是固定短语，表示互相；each可以构成该搭配。 8．句意：它教会我们珍视每一个生命，爱护我们的家园。动词teaches后接人称代词宾格；we的宾格us，作宾语。 9．句意：通过亲近自然，人们会许下更为重要的承诺来守护这片土地。空格用来修饰比较级more important；much可修饰形容词比较级。 10．句意：这类活动日复一日提升人们的责任意识。主语Such events为复数，时态为一般现在时；improve表示“提升”，用动词原形作谓语。 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。 clean   introduce   lie   nature   provide   quiet   reach   reduce   researcher   they   see   write The Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve is in the northeast of Sichuan. It has attracted many visitors across China. Here, visitors have the chance 1 many kinds of wildlife, and sometimes even giant pandas. Wang Lu works at the Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. “The animals here are not afraid of humans, and we don’t worry that they will be hurt by tourists or local people,” she said. During the 2025 spring field survey, 2 even took the first-ever photo of three giant pandas appearing together. The pandas were living 3 in the forest, and it gave them a sweet home. Forests not only 4 a good living environment for giant pandas, but also play an important role in protecting the Yangtze River. They help keep the water 5 , control water levels and manage the flow (流动) of surface water and groundwater. Sichuan 6 in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, so it is important for the whole river. Over the past 10 years, Sichuan has made efforts to plant trees. As a result, forest coverage in the Tangjiahe area 7 96.15 percent in recent years. Now the environment is becoming much better for wildlife. More than 40 years ago, most people here worked as loggers (伐木工人). Today, many of 8 have taken on new roles. Some are responsible for watching wildlife with infrared cameras (红外相机). Some have even become “ecological guides”, who are good at 9 plants and animals to visitors. Today, giant pandas live well in Sichuan’s forests. At the same time, these forests, like huge 10 “green reservoirs (水库)”, help protect the Yangtze River. 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了唐家河国家级自然保护区为野生动物提供了良好的生存环境，同时这里的森林在保护长江方面也发挥着重要作用。 1．句意：在这里，游客有机会看到许多种类的野生动物，有时甚至能看到大熊猫。分析句子结构，have the chance to do sth. 意为“有机会做某事”，结合备选词汇，see（看见）符合语境，该处为动词不定式作定语，因此填to see。 2．句意：在2025年春季野外调查中，研究人员甚至拍下了有史以来第一张三只大熊猫同时出现的照片。分析句子结构，设空处作主语，指代人，结合备选词汇，researcher（研究人员）符合语境；野外调查通常由多名研究人员共同完成，应用名词复数形式researchers。 3．句意：大熊猫在森林里安静地生活着，森林给了它们一个温馨的家。分析句子结构，设空处修饰动词living，应用副词形式，结合备选词汇，quiet（安静的）符合语境，其副词形式为quietly。 4．句意：森林不仅为大熊猫提供了良好的生存环境，而且在保护长江方面发挥着重要作用。分析句子结构，not only... but also... 连接并列谓语，根据后文play可知时态为一般现在时，主语Forests为复数，谓语动词用原形，结合备选词汇，provide（提供）符合语境，因此填provide。 5．句意：它们帮助保持水质清洁，控制水位，管理地表水和地下水的流动。分析句子结构，keep sth. + adj. 意为“保持某物处于某种状态”，设空处作宾语补足语，结合备选词汇，clean（干净的）符合语境，因此填clean。 6．句意：四川位于长江上游，因此它对整条河流都很重要。分析句子结构，设空处作谓语，描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时。主语Sichuan为第三人称单数，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式，结合备选词汇，lie（位于）符合语境，因此填lies。 7．句意：结果，近年来唐家河地区的森林覆盖率已经达到了96.15%。分析句子结构，设空处作谓语，根据时间状语in recent years（近年来）可知，句子应用现在完成时，结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语forest coverage为不可数名词，助动词用has，结合备选词汇，reach（达到）符合语境，因此填has reached。 8．句意：今天，他们中的许多人承担了新的角色。分析句子结构，设空处作介词of的宾语，指代前文提到的“most people here（这里的大多数人）”，应用人称代词宾格，结合备选词汇，they（他们）的宾格为them。 9．句意：一些人甚至成为了“生态导游”，他们擅长向游客介绍动植物。分析句子结构，be good at doing sth. 意为“擅长做某事”，介词at后接动名词，结合备选词汇，introduce（介绍）符合语境，其动名词为introducing。 10．句意：同时，这些森林就像巨大的天然“绿色水库”，帮助保护长江。分析句子结构，设空处修饰名词短语“green reservoirs”，应用形容词，结合备选词汇，nature（自然）的形容词形式为natural（天然的，自然的），因此填natural。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 A fine balance 单元话题选词填空练习 单元话题：大自然与生态系统 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 dangerous  help  well  but  worry  of  find  star  all  much What do you see when you look at the sky at night? A long time ago, people could see lots of 1 . But now, city lights make the sky bright. Because 2 this, people in cities can’t see many stars. Light is very important and 3 for us. We need light to see things and plants need it to grow. 4 too much light is not good. We need some time with no light to sleep well. Long ago, nights were 5 darker. Now, nights are like days because of all the lights. Some scientists are 6 about that, because they think this can hurt our health. Then comes the concept (概念) of light pollution. Light pollution can also hurt animals. Birds and insects can be in 7 if there is too much light at night. Luckily, scientists are trying to 8 ways to reduce light pollution. This can help us live 9 . For example, many street lights now have covers on them. These covers make the light go down to the ground and not up into the sky. This helps save energy, too. We should 10 think about how to use light properly. Less light pollution is good for us and for nature. 阅读下列句子，从方框中选出恰当的词并用其正确形式填空，使句子通顺、完整。 注意：每空限填一词，每词限用一次。请把答案填写在答题卷相应处的横线上。 strong,  bad,  with,  action,  begin,  problem,  big,  when,  they,  change The Maowusu Desert is on the border (边界) of Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia. It is one of the 1 deserts in China. After fighting against the sand for over 60 years, Chinese people are going to 2 the desert into grassland. In the past, the Maowusu Desert brought many 3 . It’s said that Yulin City of Shaanxi moved three times just because of sandstorms. Besides, the Yellow River carried sand away 4 it passed that area, making it a real “yellow” river. And 5 of all, people went hungry for short of food and became ill. In 1959, China took 6 to control the sand. Later the Three-North Shelterbelt Forest Program (三北防护林带) 7 . People wanted to make the Maowusu Desert alive again. And after working for over 60 years, 8 dream comes true. More than 30% of the desert is covered 9 forests and grass. And Yulin has got much new farmland to grow crops. We 10 believe that some day the Maowusu Desert won’t be a desert any more. People living there are sure to lead a happier life. 请阅读下面语篇，从方框中选择恰当的词或短语并用其正确形式填空，使语篇通顺、意思完整。每空限填一个词或短语，每个词或短语限填一次。 poor, we, difficulty, over and over again, pay off, when, child, from, begin, good At Zhengyiguan Pass (正义关) in the Helan Mountains of Ningxia, wind once carried sand dust. Now, you can see tall trees with thick leaves. The environment here is getting much 1 . This beautiful change is the result of over 30 years of hard work by Ding Rugang and his wife Yang Huacai. The couple moved 2 Jiangsu to Ningxia in 1959 for work. After retiring (退休) in 1988, they 3 planting trees at Zhengyiguan Pass. “No green leaves could be seen here 4 we first arrived in 1989,” said Ding in his nineties. “My proudest thing is the trees here. All were planted by 5 own hands.” They faced many 6 in the beginning. There were few saplings (树苗), so they carried them by bus or train from Jiangsu. The soil there was 7 because of too much sand and rock. So they dug the soil 8 . And they had to get water from places far away. Finally, their great effort 9 . Over 40,000 trees cover about 0.27 km²! And their 10 also joined the work. Their son Ding Feng worked till 2021, their daughter Ding Ping moved here after her retirement in 2021, and another son Ding Yi gave up his job in the city in 2017 to care for the forest. Their hard work has brought life to this area and turned it into green paradise. 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词，每词限用一次。 for    than    we    jar    and    how    turn    every    pollute    healthy Our planet is in trouble, and it’s time we did something! Look around — rivers aren’t as clear as before, and the air sometimes smells bad. Human activities have caused serious 1 to the environment. We use too much energy every day. 2 off lights when leaving a room can save a lot of electricity. What’s more, we should stop using plastic bags. 3 harmful they are to sea animals! Waste sorting is also important. It helps 4 recycle things like paper and glass. We can reuse old 5 as small planters instead of throwing them away. This way, we reduce waste and protect resources. Trees are our best friends. They absorb carbon dioxide 6 make the air fresh. Let’s plant more trees in our neighborhood. It will be good to see green everywhere! Factories should stop pouring dirty water into rivers. Clean water is necessary 7 all living things. And we can walk or ride bikes more often 8 driving cars. It’s good for both our 9 and the earth. Saving the earth isn’t hard. 10 small action matters. Let’s start now! they with build cross stop easy  food however in danger so protect Many animals need to move from one place to another. Often they do this as part of natural migration (迁徙). Sometimes they need to move to a new area when 1 gets low or the situations get worse. Humans take over large areas of the Earth. Roads and highways cut up many of the natural areas into many small parts, making it 2 for animals to move. One way of helping these animals is to build bridges and tunnels to help them 3 dangerous roads. In 2018, Utah 4 a wildlife bridge over the busy highway I-80. Usually, it takes animals a long time to find and begin using wildlife bridges, 5 scientists thought the bridge wouldn’t get much traffic for several years. 6 , a video shows many different kinds of animals are already using the bridge. Hainan gibbons (长臂猿) are 7 danger because the number is getting much smaller. Scientists are trying their best to 8 them. In 2015 a rope bridge appeared there to help Hainan gibbons cross the forest 9 . These changes don’t just help animals. 10 save human lives too. In the US alone, there are many road accidents every year caused by cars and trucks hitting wild animals. Now people in other countries are looking to try these ideas too. 阅读短文，从方框中选出恰当的单词并用其适当形式填空，使短文通顺、意义完整。每空仅填一词，每词仅用一次。 common  get  influence  value  at  baby  drop  take  serious  enough A new study has found that older wild animals are very important. They have 1 knowledge that helps their groups live. Researchers studied thousands of papers about older animals, such as their 2 on the environment and the situations they face. Older animals help their group members in many ways. Older birds  are better 3 finding food and safe places for 4 , so the young birds are more likely to live. Older elephants are good at 5 care of themselves as well as others and watching out for risks like lions and dangerous environments. Grandmother whales use their experience to help families find food when it is not 6 . However, older animals are in great danger now. Too much fishing makes the number of older fish 7 fast. Researchers warn that in areas where hunting is 8 , the situation of older animals is worse because people want to 9 some parts of their bodies. The researchers advise that older animals should be protected. They also suggest that fishing companies should take it 10 and stop catching too much to help with the whole population. 阅读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，使短文完整、通顺。 care    fish    because    water    when    for    check    less    animal    the The Yangtze finless porpoise (江豚) is a cute animal that lives in China’s Yangtze River. Sadly, its population dropped sharply—from about 2,700 in the early 1990s to only 1,800 by 2006. Why? 1 more and more boats made the river noisy and dirty. To protect the river and the animals, the Chinese government has taken action. One great idea is the “river and lake chief system” (河湖长制). It asks leaders at different levels to take 2 of rivers and lakes. For example, Ouyang Junnian, a river chief in Hunan, 3 the river every day. He also helps stop 4 pollution and protects the riverbanks. Another important measure that started in 2021 is a 10-year fishing ban (禁渔令). People are not allowed 5 in the Yangtze River. This is necessary because too much fishing means 6 food for the porpoises. Also, some porpoises get caught in fishing nets by accident 7 people are fishing on the Yangtze River. Thanks to these efforts, 8 number of Yangtze finless porpoises increased from 1,012 in 2017 to 1,249 in 2022. Many other 9 , such as the Chinese sturgeon (中华鲟), are also returning to the river. What we do can make a big difference. Let’s keep working together to protect this lovely “panda of the water”. And make the Yangtze River a safe home 10 all animals. 用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。） different   day   produce   leave   warm   rise   wonder   stay   become   act The summer of 2025 has brought extremely hot weather to many parts of the world. People are 1 why it is much hotter than usual. One main reason is global warming. For over 100 years, humans have 2 huge amounts of greenhouse gases. These gases act like a thick blanket, keeping heat from 3 the Earth. As a result, the average temperature has 4 by about 1.1℃. Another factor is El Niño (厄尔尼诺现象), a natural climate event. It makes the Pacific Ocean waters 5 than normal. This changes global weather patterns. In China, the subtropical (亚热带的) high pressure 6 there for a long time, acting like a lid that traps hot air. Urbanization (城市化) also plays a role. Cities have more buildings. With fewer trees to cool the air, the “urban heat island” effect 7 more serious. Scientists say such extreme heat will happen more often if we don’t reduce emissions (排放). We need to take active 8 to protect our planet. Small changes in 9 life, like using public transport, can make a big 10 . ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 请从方框内选择适当的词，并根据需要用其正确形式填空，使文章语法正确、完整连贯。注意：每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 deep four we find much how  connect record each why improve value The Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area, surrounded by the Nanling Mountains and facing the South China Sea, is home to a diverse ecosystem (多样性生态系统). As a global biodiversity (生物多样性) hotspot, it has striking landscapes (迷人风光) and rare wildlife. To let the public enjoy the area’s natural beauty, Dynamic Bay Area: Biodiversity Photography Exhibition (活力湾区：生物多样性摄影展) took place in Guangzhou this month. It 1 over 80 photos taken by local photographers. The five-day event wanted to plant a seed of awareness, inspiring closer 2 between people and nature. All the pictures showed the great 3 and beauty of the sights during last year’s 5,000-kilometer journey. The event is divided into 4 chapters—Mountains, Rivers, Sea and City. It showed the area’s hidden wonders: from Chinese white dolphins to spoon-billed sandpipers. Walking through the exhibition, visitors could 5 explore the area’s natural world. The exhibition explained 6 environmental protection goes hand in hand with local development. It tells us that city progress and biodiversity protection can live in peace with 7 other. True protection starts from careful observation. It teaches 8 to value every living thing and love our home. By getting close to nature, people will make a 9 more important promise to keep it safe. Such events 10 people’s sense of responsibility day by day. It reminds us that by observing the natural world closely, we develop a stronger commitment (责任与担当) to its protection. 从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。 clean   introduce   lie   nature   provide   quiet   reach   reduce   researcher   they   see   write The Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve is in the northeast of Sichuan. It has attracted many visitors across China. Here, visitors have the chance 1 many kinds of wildlife, and sometimes even giant pandas. Wang Lu works at the Tangjiahe National Nature Reserve. “The animals here are not afraid of humans, and we don’t worry that they will be hurt by tourists or local people,” she said. During the 2025 spring field survey, 2 even took the first-ever photo of three giant pandas appearing together. The pandas were living 3 in the forest, and it gave them a sweet home. Forests not only 4 a good living environment for giant pandas, but also play an important role in protecting the Yangtze River. They help keep the water 5 , control water levels and manage the flow (流动) of surface water and groundwater. Sichuan 6 in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, so it is important for the whole river. Over the past 10 years, Sichuan has made efforts to plant trees. As a result, forest coverage in the Tangjiahe area 7 96.15 percent in recent years. Now the environment is becoming much better for wildlife. More than 40 years ago, most people here worked as loggers (伐木工人). Today, many of 8 have taken on new roles. Some are responsible for watching wildlife with infrared cameras (红外相机). Some have even become “ecological guides”, who are good at 9 plants and animals to visitors. Today, giant pandas live well in Sichuan’s forests. At the same time, these forests, like huge 10 “green reservoirs (水库)”, help protect the Yangtze River. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $