Unit 1 Back to school Grammar and usage 课件-2026-2027学年高中英语译林版（2020）必修第一册

该高中英语课件聚焦十大词类与九种句子成分，通过5分钟小组讨论（如思考课文标题、目标意义）导入，连接单元主题与语法知识，搭建从语篇理解到语言基础的学习支架。 其亮点在于词类分类系统（实词含动词细分、虚词等）、句子成分归纳详尽（定义、构成及例句），结合考点练习。通过语言能力培养（夯实基础）、思维品质提升（归纳分析）、学习能力发展（小组互动），如系动词分类、情态动词记忆法及句子成分题，助力学生提升语言运用能力，为教师提供结构化教学资源。

Unit 1 Back to school 10 parts of speech & Sentence elements 1．Know something about Part A and B2. 2．Know ten kinds of parts of speech. 3．Know nine kinds of sentence elements. 4．Practice. Contents: 1. Think of a best title of Part A (P6) and B2(P7). Group work: 5minutes 2. What are the benefits of setting goals? 3. What will be talked about after Part A? 4. How to set goals? Best title: Why should we set goals? Importance / significance / benefits of setting goals Part B: Part A: Tips on setting goals Ways to set goals Methods of setting goals How to set goals? v. n. adj. pron. prep. art. conj. inter. adv. 名词 动词 形容词 代词 副词 冠词 连词 介词 叹词 　实词 虚词 num. 数词 10 parts of speech: 实义动词 (vt. & vi.) 系动词 情态动词 助动词 系动词: 表象类： 状态类： 感官类： 变化类： 持续类： 终止类： appear, seem （似乎） be 动词 feel, look, sound, smell, taste remain, stay, keep （保持；仍然） come, become, go, get, grow, turn...(变得) prove, turn out（证明） 情态动词: 4组： 4对： 3个： can/could, may/might, shall/should, will/would have to, had better, ought to, used to must, need, dare 助动词: do, did, does have, has, had I did my homework yesterday. I do love you. I have a pen. I have set a clear goal. 归纳用法 主语是一个句子所叙述的主体、动作的发出者，一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等构成。 1. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 2. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 1．主语(subject) 9 sentence elements: 归纳用法 一般由动词充当, 说明主语的动作或状态。 一般位于主语之后。分为简单谓语（由动词或动词短语构成）和复合谓语（由情态动词+动词原形构成）。 1. The path leads to a world full of challenges. 2. Potential can be achieved when you try hard enough. 2．谓语 (Verb) 归纳用法 表语说明主语的身份、特征和状态，在系动词之后。表语由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语及表语从句构成。 1. His job is to teach English. 2. Sounds great! 3．表语(predicative) 归纳用法 宾语是动作的施加对象或承受者，在及物动词后，或“不及物动词＋相应介词”后。宾语由名词性的词充当。宾语按词性分为：动词宾语和介词宾语，分别构成动宾结构和介宾结构。 1. I think (that) he is fit for his office. 2. Lend me your dictionary，please. 4．宾语(object) 归纳用法 有些及物动词，除有宾语以外，还需有一个宾语补足语，才能使句子的意义完整。宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句来充当。 1. Do you consider him trust­worthy? 2. We found everything in the lab in good order. 5．宾语补足语(object complement) 归纳用法 修饰名词、代词的词称为定语。可由单词、短语、从句充当。定语有形容词的特征。 1. Guilin is a beautiful city. 2. He is reading an article about how to learn English. 6．定语(attribute) 归纳用法 修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子，说明动作或状态特征的句子成分，叫作状语。 1. He has lived in the city for ten years. 2. Once you begin，you must continue. 7．状语(adverbial) 归纳用法 定义：对前面的名词或者代词做进一步的解释。通常由形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式、现在分词或从句担任。 1. The Great Wall, one of the wonders in the world, attracts a large number of foreign friends. 2. We students should study hard. 8．同位语(appositive） 归纳用法 插入语是说话者对所表达意思的补充、强调、解释或者说话的态度，其位置灵活，常常用逗号或破折号与其它成分隔开，并且在语法上不影响其它成分。 1. To be frank, I don't quite agree with you. 2. This , I think, is the best way to help them. 9. 插入语(parenthesis) 考点一：主语 主语相当于句子的话题或主题,即要说明的人或物。 1. Her pen is blue, and _______( I ) is red. 2. __________(eat) too much is bad for your health. 3. ___________(see) is to believe. 4. __________(see) is believing. 5. ______will take him 3 hours to go to the station on foot. 6. ______is suggested that we should be honest. mine Eating To see Seeing It It 考点一：主语 Many people 　_______live along the coast make a living in fishing industry. 【答案】　who/that　句意:许多住在海边的人都是靠渔业来谋生的。分析题干可知,“　　_______live along the coast”为定语从句,先行词指人,且关系词在从句中作主语,故用关系代词who/that引导定语从句。 考点二：谓语 句子中用来说明主语的动作或存在的状态的部分叫谓语。 1. It ________(be) late at night when we finally arrived. 2. The flowers often________________(water) by me. 3. Set goals that can _______________(achieve). 4. In the 1950s in the USA, most families _______(have) just one phone at home, and wireless phones hadn't been invented yet. was are watered be achieved had 考点三：表语 表语在句中用来说明主语的身份、性质、特征、状态、职业、内容、(动作)方向或处所等。 1.This is my dictionary. That is _________(you). 2.We must keep ____________(health). 3.The movie is quite ___________(move). yours healthy moving 考点四：宾语 表示谓语动词动作对象的成分叫宾语,即宾语是动作的承受者。 1. Yesterday my father bought_____ ( I )a new bike. 2. Cherish teaches ________( we) English. me us 考点五：补足语 1. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man _______(sit) at the front. 【答案】　sitting 分析句子成分可知,空格处在句中作宾语补足语,且与宾语man之间是逻辑上的主动关系,动作正在进行中,由此结合“notice sb./sth. doing”可知,空格处应填sitting。 考点六：定语 修饰名词或代词的词、短语或句子叫定语。 1. The ____________(destroy) bridge was rebuilt last winter. 2. The __________(fly) birds are moving towards the south because of the coming winter. 3. At last, we had nothing _________(eat) but a little water. 4. I know the two boys _______broke the window yesterday. destroyed flying to eat who / that 考点六：定语 1.Although birds use 　_______(they) feathers for flight, some of their feathers are for other purposes. 【答案】　their　句意:虽然鸟类的羽毛是用来飞行的,但是它们的羽毛也有其他用途。空格处在句中作名词feathers的定语,故空格处填形容词性物主代词their。 考点六：定语 2.“That would be a very 　_______(reason) thing to do in a big city, but it could destroy a small village like ours,” Nick said. 【答案】　reasonable　空格处作名词thing的定语,因此应用提示词的形容词形式。故填reasonable。 考点七：状语 1.I was driving down to London when I 　_(sudden) found that I was on the wrong road. 【答案】　suddenly　空格处在句中作状语,因此空格处应用提示词的副词形式。故空格处填写suddenly。 考点七：状语 2.　_____ (sad), he didn't pass the exam the other day. 【答案】　Sadly　放于句首,修饰整个句子常用副词形式。 1．ten kinds of parts of speech: 动词，名词，形容词，副词，代词，数词 介词，冠词，连词，叹词 2. nine kinds of sentence elements: 主语，谓语，宾语，宾补，表语，定语， 状语，同位语，插入语 Summary: $