高考词汇变形记-11、形容词后缀–some,-en,-ern,-ish,-ate 专练-2027届高三英语一轮复习专项

**基本信息** 以五大形容词后缀为核心，通过"适用对象-内在含义-变化细则-词例"系统架构，结合梯度训练实现词汇派生能力的专项突破。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |后缀讲解|5类后缀+30+词例|按后缀功能分类，提炼"直接加/去e/双写"等变化规则|从构词原理到词形变化，形成"规则-例外-应用"逻辑链| |跟踪训练|10道单选|情境化考查后缀含义辨析|覆盖高频后缀词在语境中的应用| |基础训练|35题（辨析/语法/短语）|通过词形转换、短语搭配强化后缀应用|衔接语法填空与词汇辨析，巩固语言能力| |能力提升|七选五+完形填空|在语篇中综合运用派生词汇|从基础构词到语篇理解，提升思维品质与学习能力|

高考词汇变形记-----------------------------后缀篇 11、形容词后缀–some,-en,-ern,-ish,-ate 思维导图： 一、形容词性后缀 -some 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“易于……的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-some 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 tire tiresome 烦人的 trouble troublesome 烦人的 quarrel quarrelsome 爱争吵的 worry worrisome 令人担忧的 （2）变-y为-i-再加-some 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 worry worrisome 令人担忧的 二、形容词性后缀 -en 1. 适用对象：加在名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“由……制成”、“像……一样”。 3. 词例荟萃： 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 wood wooden 木制的 gold golden 金子般的 wool woolen 羊毛制的 silk silken 丝绸一样的 earth earthen 泥土做的 lead leaden 沉重如铅的 三、形容词性后缀 -ern 1. 适用对象：加在表方向的名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“在……方的”。 3. 词例荟萃： 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 east eastern 东方的 southeast southeastern 东南的 west western 西方的 southwest southwestern 西南的 south southern 南方的 northeast northeastern 东北的 north northern 北方的 northwest northwestern 西北的 四、形容词性后缀 -ish 1. 适用对象：加在名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“有……习气的”、“略带……的”、“……国家的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 fool foolish 傻里傻气的 self selfish 自私的 child childish 幼稚的 girl girlish 女孩子气的 yellow yellowish 微黄的 green greenish 浅绿的 brown brownish 浅棕色的 grey greyish 浅灰色的 （2）去-e再加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 purple purplish 浅紫色的 blue bluish 浅蓝的 （3）双写词尾辅音字母再加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 red reddish 微红的 Scot Scottish 苏格兰的 （4）复杂变化 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 England English 英格兰的 Britain British 英国的 Ireland Irish 爱尔兰的 Spain Spanish 西班牙的 五、形容词性后缀 -ate 1. 适用对象：加在动词或名词之后，或与名词性后缀-acy互为“反转型后缀”。 2. 内在含义：表示“有…性质的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-ate 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 consider considerate 考虑周到的 passion passionate 狂热的 （2）去-e再加-ate 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 fortune fortunate 幸运的 misfortune unfortunate 不幸的 （3）与名词性后缀-acy互为“反转型后缀” 名词 形容词 中文含义 名词 形容词 中文含义 accuracy accurate 精确的 delicacy delicate 精致的 privacy private 私密的 literacy literate 有文化的 跟踪训练 单项选择题 1.It is rather ______ to repeat the same boring task every single day. A. burdensome B. wooden C. eastern D. whitish 2.The old farmer carried a ______ bucket filled with fresh spring water. A. selfish B. woolen C. wooden D. moderate 3.Many traditional customs are well preserved in the ______ regions of China. A. childish B. northern C. tiresome D. greenish 4.Only a ______ person would ignore others’ difficulties for his own gain. A. wholesome B. selfish C. golden D. western 5.At dawn, the whole lake was covered with ______ sunlight. A. burdensome B. golden C. southern D. Spanish 6.Trying to persuade him to change his mind proves extremely ______. A. tiresome B. woolen C. eastern D. moderate 7.This kind of soft ______ scarf is popular among travelers in cold seasons. A. wooden B. woolen C. childish D. northern 8.Don’t take his ______ remarks seriously; he is just joking casually. A. whitish B. childish C. burdensome D. western 9.Experts suggest keeping a ______ diet to stay away from illness. A. wholesome B. selfish C. golden D. eastern 10.The coastal cities in the ______ part get more rainfall all year round. A. tiresome B. southern C. wooden D. greenish 1.A 2.C 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.A 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.B 基础训练 一、形容词辨析题 1.After staying up late for days, he felt extremely ________ and unable to focus on study. A. exhausted B. abundant C. flexible D. innocent 2.This new policy is ________ to the development of local tourism. A. fundamental B. identical C. contrary D. harmful 3.The two sisters are so ________ that few people can tell them apart. A. distinct B. similar C. diverse D. superior 4.It is ________ to waste food when many people are still starving. A. reasonable B. ridiculous C. flexible D. ordinary 5.He is ________ about his future and doesn’t know what to do next. A. confused B. confident C. definite D. steady 6.Parents should set a (n) ________ example for their children. A. awful B. typical C. negative D. vague 7.The advice he gave us is practical and ________ in daily life. A. accessible B. abstract C. vacant D. rare 8.The old man remains ________ even after suffering so many failures. A. pessimistic B. enthusiastic C. fragile D. desperate 9.These goods are ________ to damage during long-distance transport. A. resistant B. equal C. vulnerable D. relevant 10.It is ________ that hard work can bring you closer to your dream. A. evident B. ambiguous C. temporary D. random 11.He holds a ________ attitude towards new foreign cultures. A. conservative B. swift C. hollow D. raw 12.Many young people are ________ about traditional culture nowadays. A. ignorant B. conscious C. conscious D. abundant 13.Taking regular exercise is ________ to your physical health. A. fatal B. beneficial C. allergic D. hostile 14.Don’t be too ________; learn to accept different opinions. A. open-minded B. narrow-minded C. warm-hearted D. cold-blooded 15.What he said was just a (n) ________ idea without practical value. A. concrete B. solid C. abstract D. genuine 1.A 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9 .C 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.B 15.C 二、单句语法填空题 1.This pursuit led to the ______________ (create) of Xuan paper, renowned for its resistance to discoloration. 2.These birds usually live in holes ____________ (leave) by woodpeckers or natural tree holes. 3.____________ (compare) with other global competitors, China’s humanoid robot industry develops rapidly. 4.The old tower, ________ (date) back to the Ming Dynasty, is now under protection. 5.The government has taken measures ____________ (preserve) local cultural heritage. 6.Once ______________ (bring) to the edge of extinction, the craft is now thriving. 7._______________ (equip) with advanced sensors, the robot can inspect the Great Wall accurately. 8.By the time he arrived, the meeting _______________ (end) already. 9.The movie, ____________ (direct) by a young Chinese, won an international award. 10.He insisted that he ___________ (do) nothing wrong at that time. 11.The number of students ______________ (choose) online courses is increasing. 12.It was in the park _________ we first met each other 5 years ago. 13.The news __________ our team won the game made us very excited. 14.She has been learning piano ______________ she was 5 years old. 15.The problem is __________ we can finish the task on time. 16.I remember ___________ (see) him somewhere last month. 17.The harder you work, the __________ (good) grades you will get. 18.He went to school without ____________ (have) breakfast this morning. 19.If I ________ (be) you, I would take the chance to study abroad. 20.We should pay attention to _____________ (protect) the environment in daily life. 参考答案 1.creation 2. left 3. Compared 4. dating 5. to preserve 6. brought 7. Equipped 8.had ended 9. directed 10. did 11. choosing 12.that 13. that 14. since 15. whether 16. seeing 17.better 18.having 19.were 20. protecting 三、短语填空 make up for, contribute to, keep an eye on, take advantage of, turn down, devote oneself to, break away from, come across, be accustomed to, give rise to 1.We should ____________________ every chance to improve our oral English. 2.Hard work can ____________________ a lack of natural talent to some degree. 3.Too much pressure may ___________________ mental problems among teenagers. 4.She has ________________________ living alone since she went to college. 5.Please ____________________ my luggage while I go to buy some water. 6.It is hard for him to ___________________ the bad habits he has formed. 7.He decided to _____________________ his spare time to learning French. 8.I ____________________ an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. 9.The manager _____________________ my suggestion for the reason of high cost. 10.Plenty of exercise ________________________ good health. 1.take advantage of 2.make up for 3.give rise to 4.been accustomed to 5.keep an eye on 6.break away from 7.devote himself to 8.came across 9.turned down 10.contributes to 能力提升 一、七选五 In an era filled with endless digital distractions, maintaining deep focus has become a rare ability. Many people complain that their attention spans are getting shorter, making it harder to finish long-term tasks efficiently. 1 The following practical methods can help you rebuild your concentration. First, set clear boundaries for electronic devices. Most people are interrupted by meaningless social media updates. Every random notification breaks your thinking chain. 2 At least put your phone on silent mode during working hours. Second, learn to simplify your daily goals. People often overestimate what they can finish in one day. Filling your schedule with endless tasks will only bring anxiety and exhaustion. 3 In this way, you can maintain steady progress without feeling overwhelmed. Third, create a fixed quiet working space. Your environment directly influences your mental state. A messy desk always leads to scattered thoughts. You do not need a fancy study room. 4 Consistency in surroundings helps your brain enter focus mode automatically. Last but not least, reward yourself properly. Long-term concentration consumes mental energy. Small rewards such as a cup of tea or a short walk can effectively relieve pressure. 5 A. It is advisable to stay away from your phone temporarily. B. However, concentration can be trained step by step. C. Instead, list only two or three key tasks per day. D. A simple clean corner is enough for efficient work. E. Many people ignore the harm caused by mental tiredness. F. Suitable rewards keep your motivation sustainable. G. Technology brings convenience as well as hidden troubles. 1.B 2.A 3.C 4.D 5.F 详细解析 1.B 逻辑转折。前文：现代人注意力变差；后文：介绍提升方法。B选项“专注力可以一步步训练”承上启下。 2. A 指代递进。本段主题：远离电子设备。后一句提到手机静音，A建议暂时远离手机，贴合段落主旨。 3. C 逻辑相反。前文：不要安排太多任务；C改为每天只列2-3个核心任务，逻辑通顺。 4. D 同义替换。前文：不需要豪华书房；D“干净简单的角落就足够”对应上文。 5. F 总结收尾。本段讲适当奖励，F“合适的奖励维持动力”为本段结尾总结句。 二、完形填空 On a freezing winter afternoon, I boarded a crowded city bus, exhausted from a long week of tight schedules and endless exams. With my heavy schoolbag pressing against my shoulder, I struggled to keep my 1.______ among the swaying passengers. Empty and bitter thoughts kept flooding my mind; I felt completely worn out and 2.______. Near the window stood an elderly lady, neatly dressed in a plain woolen coat. Noticing my pale face and restless movements, she gently patted the empty seat beside her and 3.______ for me to sit down. I hesitated for a second and then accepted her kindness with a weak smile. Instead of burying herself in her own world, she started a casual, comforting conversation in a soft voice. She shared simple stories about her quiet daily life and advised me not to4.______ my health for temporary achievements. Her words were plain but surprisingly 5.______. For the first time in days, I felt a wave of warmth 6.______ through my anxious heart. I had been so 7.______ with pressure that I barely paid attention to the small kindness surrounding me. When I was about to get off, I sincerely expressed my 8.______. The lady merely waved her hand and told me that kindness was never a burden but a mutual 9.______. Stepping off the bus, I took a deep breath of the cold fresh air. The sky was still grey, yet my mood had entirely 10.______. Kindness does not 11.______ grand gestures. Sometimes a simple seat, a few gentle words, can 12.______ brighten a person’s gloomy day. Those13.______ moments of warmth are the most precious gift ordinary life has to 14.______. This small encounter left an everlasting impression on my 15.______. 1. A. promise B. balance C. distance D. record 2. A. discouraged B. astonished C. addicted D. honored 3. A. begged B. struggled C. gestured D. competed 4. A. sacrifice B. recover C. evaluate D. maintain 5. A. amusing B. confusing C. touching D. shocking 6. A. flood B. flow C. jump D. race 7. A. concerned B. satisfied C. occupied D. impressed 8. A. gratitude B. sympathy C. apology D. approval 9. A. disaster B. blessing C. pressure D. failure 10. A. worsened B. remained C. shifted D. faded 11. A. require B. replace C. recommend D. reserve 12. A. instantly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. anxiously 13. A. complex B. tiny C. awkward D. rough 14. A. reward B. borrow C. offer D. gain 15. A. journey B. memory C. routine D. schedule 1-5 BACAC 6-10 BCABC 11-15 AABCB 详细解析 1.B：A. promise 承诺；B. balance 平衡；C. distance 距离；D. record 记录 解析：固定搭配 keep one’s balance 保持平衡。公交车上人多摇晃，作者背着书包需要保持身体平衡，贴合语境。 2. A：A. discouraged 沮丧的；B. astonished 震惊的；C. addicted 上瘾的；D. honored 荣幸的 解析：前文作者疲惫、思绪消极，情绪低落，只有沮丧符合人物心情。 3.C：A. begged 乞求；B. struggled 挣扎；C. gestured 打手势；D. competed 竞争 解析：老人拍空位，示意作者坐下，gesture 表示手势示意，贴合老人温和的动作。 4. A：A. sacrifice 牺牲；B. recover 恢复；C. evaluate 评估；D. maintain 维持 解析：固定搭配 sacrifice health 牺牲健康，老人劝告作者不要为了短暂成绩透支身体。 5.C：A. amusing 好笑的；B. confusing 令人困惑的；C. touching 感人的；D. shocking 令人震惊的 解析：老人朴实的话语温暖人心，语境表达感人，其余词汇不符合温情基调。 6. B：A. flood 淹没；B. flow 流动；C. jump 跳跃；D. race 赛跑 解析：文学常用表达，warmth flow through heart 暖流涌入心底，抽象动词，高考高频考点。 7. C：A. concerned 担忧的；B. satisfied 满意的；C. occupied 忙碌的；D. impressed 印象深刻的 解析：固定搭配 be occupied with sth. 忙于某事，作者一直被学业压力缠身。 8. A：A. gratitude 感激；B. sympathy 同情；C. apology 道歉；D. approval 认可 解析：老人给予帮助，作者下车时表达感谢，gratitude 侧重发自内心的感激。 9. B：A. disaster 灾难；B. blessing 恩惠、祝福；C. pressure 压力；D. failure 失败 解析：句意：善意从来不是负担，而是彼此的馈赠，blessing 贴合温暖的文章主旨。 10. C：A. worsened 恶化；B. remained 保持；C. shifted 转变；D. faded 消退 解析：天色依旧阴沉，但作者心情发生转变，由低落变得温暖，shift 侧重状态改变。 11.A：A. require 需要、要求；B. replace 取代；C. recommend 推荐；D. reserve 预留 解析：句意：善意不需要盛大的举动，require 贴合语义，简单的举动亦是善意。 12. A：A. instantly 立刻地；B. deliberately 故意地；C. cautiously 谨慎地；D. anxiously 焦虑地 解析：一句温暖的话能瞬间点亮灰暗的日子，instantly 强调即时效果。 13. B：A. complex 复杂的；B. tiny 微小的；C. awkward 笨拙的；D. rough 粗糙的 解析：前文出现 small kindness（微小的善意），tiny 与其同义替换，前后呼应。 14. C：A. reward 回报；B. borrow 借入；C. offer 主动提供；D. gain 获得 解析：句意：平凡生活所能给予的珍贵礼物，offer 侧重客观事物主动提供。 15. B：A. journey 旅途；B. memory 记忆；C. routine 惯例；D. schedule 日程 解析：这次偶遇温暖人心，在作者记忆中留下长久印记，贴合文章收尾。 第 1 页 共 2 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $高考词汇变形记-----------------------------后缀篇 11、形容词后缀–some,-en,-ern,-ish,-ate 思维导图： 一、形容词性后缀 -some 1. 适用对象：加在动词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“易于……的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-some 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 tire tiresome 烦人的 trouble troublesome 烦人的 quarrel quarrelsome 爱争吵的 worry worrisome 令人担忧的 （2）变-y为-i-再加-some 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 worry worrisome 令人担忧的 二、形容词性后缀 -en 1. 适用对象：加在名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“由……制成”、“像……一样”。 3. 词例荟萃： 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 wood wooden 木制的 gold golden 金子般的 wool woolen 羊毛制的 silk silken 丝绸一样的 earth earthen 泥土做的 lead leaden 沉重如铅的 三、形容词性后缀 -ern 1. 适用对象：加在表方向的名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“在……方的”。 3. 词例荟萃： 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 名词 派生形容词 中文含义 east eastern 东方的 southeast southeastern 东南的 west western 西方的 southwest southwestern 西南的 south southern 南方的 northeast northeastern 东北的 north northern 北方的 northwest northwestern 西北的 四、形容词性后缀 -ish 1. 适用对象：加在名词之后。 2. 内在含义：表示“有……习气的”、“略带……的”、“……国家的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 fool foolish 傻里傻气的 self selfish 自私的 child childish 幼稚的 girl girlish 女孩子气的 yellow yellowish 微黄的 green greenish 浅绿的 brown brownish 浅棕色的 grey greyish 浅灰色的 （2）去-e再加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 purple purplish 浅紫色的 blue bluish 浅蓝的 （3）双写词尾辅音字母再加-ish 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 red reddish 微红的 Scot Scottish 苏格兰的 （4）复杂变化 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 England English 英格兰的 Britain British 英国的 Ireland Irish 爱尔兰的 Spain Spanish 西班牙的 五、形容词性后缀 -ate 1. 适用对象：加在动词或名词之后，或与名词性后缀-acy互为“反转型后缀”。 2. 内在含义：表示“有…性质的”。 3. 变化细则及词例荟萃： （1）直接加-ate 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 consider considerate 考虑周到的 passion passionate 狂热的 （2）去-e再加-ate 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 根词 派生形容词 中文含义 fortune fortunate 幸运的 misfortune unfortunate 不幸的 （3）与名词性后缀-acy互为“反转型后缀” 名词 形容词 中文含义 名词 形容词 中文含义 accuracy accurate 精确的 delicacy delicate 精致的 privacy private 私密的 literacy literate 有文化的 跟踪训练 单项选择题 1.It is rather ______ to repeat the same boring task every single day. A. burdensome B. wooden C. eastern D. whitish 2.The old farmer carried a ______ bucket filled with fresh spring water. A. selfish B. woolen C. wooden D. moderate 3.Many traditional customs are well preserved in the ______ regions of China. A. childish B. northern C. tiresome D. greenish 4.Only a ______ person would ignore others’ difficulties for his own gain. A. wholesome B. selfish C. golden D. western 5.At dawn, the whole lake was covered with ______ sunlight. A. burdensome B. golden C. southern D. Spanish 6.Trying to persuade him to change his mind proves extremely ______. A. tiresome B. woolen C. eastern D. moderate 7.This kind of soft ______ scarf is popular among travelers in cold seasons. A. wooden B. woolen C. childish D. northern 8.Don’t take his ______ remarks seriously; he is just joking casually. A. whitish B. childish C. burdensome D. western 9.Experts suggest keeping a ______ diet to stay away from illness. A. wholesome B. selfish C. golden D. eastern 10.The coastal cities in the ______ part get more rainfall all year round. A. tiresome B. southern C. wooden D. greenish 基础训练 一、形容词辨析题 1.After staying up late for days, he felt extremely ________ and unable to focus on study. A. exhausted B. abundant C. flexible D. innocent 2.This new policy is ________ to the development of local tourism. A. fundamental B. identical C. contrary D. harmful 3.The two sisters are so ________ that few people can tell them apart. A. distinct B. similar C. diverse D. superior 4.It is ________ to waste food when many people are still starving. A. reasonable B. ridiculous C. flexible D. ordinary 5.He is ________ about his future and doesn’t know what to do next. A. confused B. confident C. definite D. steady 6.Parents should set a (n) ________ example for their children. A. awful B. typical C. negative D. vague 7.The advice he gave us is practical and ________ in daily life. A. accessible B. abstract C. vacant D. rare 8.The old man remains ________ even after suffering so many failures. A. pessimistic B. enthusiastic C. fragile D. desperate 9.These goods are ________ to damage during long-distance transport. A. resistant B. equal C. vulnerable D. relevant 10.It is ________ that hard work can bring you closer to your dream. A. evident B. ambiguous C. temporary D. random 11.He holds a ________ attitude towards new foreign cultures. A. conservative B. swift C. hollow D. raw 12.Many young people are ________ about traditional culture nowadays. A. ignorant B. conscious C. conscious D. abundant 13.Taking regular exercise is ________ to your physical health. A. fatal B. beneficial C. allergic D. hostile 14.Don’t be too ________; learn to accept different opinions. A. open-minded B. narrow-minded C. warm-hearted D. cold-blooded 15.What he said was just a (n) ________ idea without practical value. A. concrete B. solid C. abstract D. genuine 二、单句语法填空题 1.This pursuit led to the ______________ (create) of Xuan paper, renowned for its resistance to discoloration. 2.These birds usually live in holes ____________ (leave) by woodpeckers or natural tree holes. 3.____________ (compare) with other global competitors, China’s humanoid robot industry develops rapidly. 4.The old tower, ________ (date) back to the Ming Dynasty, is now under protection. 5.The government has taken measures ____________ (preserve) local cultural heritage. 6.Once ______________ (bring) to the edge of extinction, the craft is now thriving. 7._______________ (equip) with advanced sensors, the robot can inspect the Great Wall accurately. 8.By the time he arrived, the meeting _______________ (end) already. 9.The movie, ____________ (direct) by a young Chinese, won an international award. 10.He insisted that he ___________ (do) nothing wrong at that time. 11.The number of students ______________ (choose) online courses is increasing. 12.It was in the park _________ we first met each other 5 years ago. 13.The news __________ our team won the game made us very excited. 14.She has been learning piano ______________ she was 5 years old. 15.The problem is __________ we can finish the task on time. 16.I remember ___________ (see) him somewhere last month. 17.The harder you work, the __________ (good) grades you will get. 18.He went to school without ____________ (have) breakfast this morning. 19.If I ________ (be) you, I would take the chance to study abroad. 20.We should pay attention to _____________ (protect) the environment in daily life. 三、短语填空 make up for, contribute to, keep an eye on, take advantage of, turn down, devote oneself to, break away from, come across, be accustomed to, give rise to 1.We should ____________________ every chance to improve our oral English. 2.Hard work can ____________________ a lack of natural talent to some degree. 3.Too much pressure may ___________________ mental problems among teenagers. 4.She has ________________________ living alone since she went to college. 5.Please ____________________ my luggage while I go to buy some water. 6.It is hard for him to ___________________ the bad habits he has formed. 7.He decided to _____________________ his spare time to learning French. 8.I ____________________ an old friend of mine in the street yesterday. 9.The manager _____________________ my suggestion for the reason of high cost. 10.Plenty of exercise ________________________ good health. 能力提升 一、七选五 In an era filled with endless digital distractions, maintaining deep focus has become a rare ability. Many people complain that their attention spans are getting shorter, making it harder to finish long-term tasks efficiently. 1 The following practical methods can help you rebuild your concentration. First, set clear boundaries for electronic devices. Most people are interrupted by meaningless social media updates. Every random notification breaks your thinking chain. 2 At least put your phone on silent mode during working hours. Second, learn to simplify your daily goals. People often overestimate what they can finish in one day. Filling your schedule with endless tasks will only bring anxiety and exhaustion. 3 In this way, you can maintain steady progress without feeling overwhelmed. Third, create a fixed quiet working space. Your environment directly influences your mental state. A messy desk always leads to scattered thoughts. You do not need a fancy study room. 4 Consistency in surroundings helps your brain enter focus mode automatically. Last but not least, reward yourself properly. Long-term concentration consumes mental energy. Small rewards such as a cup of tea or a short walk can effectively relieve pressure. 5 A. It is advisable to stay away from your phone temporarily. B. However, concentration can be trained step by step. C. Instead, list only two or three key tasks per day. D. A simple clean corner is enough for efficient work. E. Many people ignore the harm caused by mental tiredness. F. Suitable rewards keep your motivation sustainable. G. Technology brings convenience as well as hidden troubles. 二、完形填空 On a freezing winter afternoon, I boarded a crowded city bus, exhausted from a long week of tight schedules and endless exams. With my heavy schoolbag pressing against my shoulder, I struggled to keep my 1.______ among the swaying passengers. Empty and bitter thoughts kept flooding my mind; I felt completely worn out and 2.______. Near the window stood an elderly lady, neatly dressed in a plain woolen coat. Noticing my pale face and restless movements, she gently patted the empty seat beside her and 3.______ for me to sit down. I hesitated for a second and then accepted her kindness with a weak smile. Instead of burying herself in her own world, she started a casual, comforting conversation in a soft voice. She shared simple stories about her quiet daily life and advised me not to4.______ my health for temporary achievements. Her words were plain but surprisingly 5.______. For the first time in days, I felt a wave of warmth 6.______ through my anxious heart. I had been so 7.______ with pressure that I barely paid attention to the small kindness surrounding me. When I was about to get off, I sincerely expressed my 8.______. The lady merely waved her hand and told me that kindness was never a burden but a mutual 9.______. Stepping off the bus, I took a deep breath of the cold fresh air. The sky was still grey, yet my mood had entirely 10.______. Kindness does not 11.______ grand gestures. Sometimes a simple seat, a few gentle words, can 12.______ brighten a person’s gloomy day. Those13.______ moments of warmth are the most precious gift ordinary life has to 14.______. This small encounter left an everlasting impression on my 15.______. 1. A. promise B. balance C. distance D. record 2. A. discouraged B. astonished C. addicted D. honored 3. A. begged B. struggled C. gestured D. competed 4. A. sacrifice B. recover C. evaluate D. maintain 5. A. amusing B. confusing C. touching D. shocking 6. A. flood B. flow C. jump D. race 7. A. concerned B. satisfied C. occupied D. impressed 8. A. gratitude B. sympathy C. apology D. approval 9. A. disaster B. blessing C. pressure D. failure 10. A. worsened B. remained C. shifted D. faded 11. A. require B. replace C. recommend D. reserve 12. A. instantly B. deliberately C. cautiously D. anxiously 13. A. complex B. tiny C. awkward D. rough 14. A. reward B. borrow C. offer D. gain 15. 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