摘要:
该初中英语知识清单围绕“Happy Holiday”主题,系统梳理Section A (1a-1d)核心内容。以必背词汇(如ancient, camp, landscape)为基础,逐步延伸至核心句型及语法考点,包括spend的用法、take课程表达、visit的语义辨析、camp的一词多义等,构建“词汇积累-语法解析-应用练习”的学习支架。
知识链路逻辑清晰,每个考点均配备用法说明、例句及“即学即练”习题,强化语言能力的理解与表达。通过易混词(holiday/vacation)对比、介词搭配及时态易错点辨析,培养学生思维品质的分析与比较能力,助力形成科学的学习策略,提升学习效率。
内容正文:
Unit 1 Happy Holiday
Section A ( 1a-1d) 核心知识梳理
一、必背词汇
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1. 古代的;古老的(形容词):ancient
2. 度假营;营地(名词):camp
3. 露营;宿营(动词):camp
4. 风景;景色(名词):landscape
5. 奇怪的;陌生的(形容词):strange
6. 假期;度假(名词):vacation
1. 古代的;古老的(形容词):____________________
2. 度假营;营地(名词):____________________
3. 露营;宿营(动词):____________________
4. 风景;景色(名词):____________________
5. 奇怪的;陌生的(形容词):____________________
6. 假期;度假(名词):____________________
二、必会考点
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1. How do people spend their holidays? 人们如何度过他们的假期?
spend v. 度过;花费
用法:
(1) spend +时间+with sb 和某人共度时光
例句:I spend two hours with my friends every day. (我每天和我的朋友度过两个小时的时间。)
(2)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth. 在某物上花费时间 / 金钱
例句:She spends a lot of time on her homework .(她在家庭作业上花很多时间。)
(3)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间 / 金钱做某事
例句:We spend much money (in) buying books.(我们花很多钱买书。)
【即学即练】
1.My mother spends two hours ________ housework every day.
A.do B.to do C.doing D.did
2.Teng Fei’s father ________ a lot of time fishing.
A.spend B.spends C.to spend
3.Tom often spends much money ________ his model cars.
A.in B.on C.for D.at
【参考答案】 1.C 2. B 3. B
2. take music lessons上音乐课
take 的词义及用法
take v. 含义:参加(课程、培训);上(课)
用法:
(1)take + 各类课程 上...课程
take art lessons 上美术课
take swimming lessons 上游泳课
take English lessons 上英语课
(2)take+考试 参加考试
例句:All students must take the final exam in June. (所有学生都必须参加六月份的期末考试。)
(3)take part in:参与(活动、会议等)
例句:We all took part in the charity event.(我们都参加了那场慈善活动。)
【即学即练】
1. She _______ (take) a painting class twice a week.
2. We will _______ (take part in) the school trip next Friday.
3. Did you _______ (take) the history exam yesterday?
4. They _______ (take) part in the debate competition last year.
5. He plans to _______ (take) a photography course this summer.
【参考答案】 1. takes 2. take part in 3. take 4. took 5. take
3. visit some ancient buildings拜访我的祖父母
(1)visit的词义及用法
Visit 后边是人,含义为拜访某人,看望某人。
Visit 后边是地点,含义为参观某地。
(2)ancient的词义及用法
形容词,古老的;古代的;年代久远的
近义词:old(普通老的)、historic 有历史意义的
反义词:modern 现代的
搭配:
ancient China 古代中国
ancient city 古城
ancient culture 古老文化
(3)building的词义及用法
名词,建筑物,楼房(可数名词)
单数:building 复数:buildings
builder 名词(n.)建筑工人;建造者
例句:The builder helped us fix the broken wall. (建筑工人帮我们修好了破墙。)
动词形式为build 建造;建立;创建
例句:Workers are building a new school in our neighborhood. (工人们正在我们小区里建一所新学校。)
We need to build a good relationship with our classmates. (我们需要和同学建立良好的关系。)
【即学即练】
1. Workers ________ this bridge two years ago.
2. There are many old ________ in this town.
3. My uncle is a ________. He ________ many houses every year.
【参考答案】1. built 2. buildings 3. builder builds
4. went to a summer camp去了一个夏令营
camp 的词义及用法:
n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营;宿营
camper(n.)露营者;野营车;camping(n.)露营
summer camp夏令营;go camping去露营;
camp in the mountains在山里露营
We camped near the beach and had a good time. (我们在海滩附近露营,玩得很开心。)
【即学即练】
1. We will go if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
2. The decided to put up a tent near the river before it got dark.
3. Joining a summer is a great experience for children.
4. The boys by a river last weekend.
【参考答案】1. camping 2. campers 3. camp 4. camped
5. The landscape there was amazing.那里的风景美极了。
(1)landscape 词义及用法:
(自然)风景;景色(尤指乡村、户外的整体自然风光)
The landscape of the countryside in spring is very beautiful. (春天乡村的景色非常美丽。)
名词复数:landscapes
例句:She traveled to many countries and saw different landscapes.(她去过很多国家,见过不同的风景。)
(2)amazing adj. 令人惊叹的、绝妙的、了不起的(-ing 形容词,修饰事物)
区分:
amazing:令人惊奇的(形容事物:景色、经历,主语是物)
例句:an amazing view 绝美景色
amazed:感到惊奇的(形容人,主语是人)
例句:I was amazed. 我感到很震撼。
【即学即练】
1. I was ________ when I saw the beautiful view. (amazing / amazed)
2. The scenery here is really ________. (amazing / amazed)
3. We had an ________ trip last summer. (amazing / amazed)
4. She felt ________ at the strange rocks. (amazing / amazed)
【参考答案】1. amazed 2. amazing 3. amazing 4. amazed
6. Yaming saw the Guest-Greeting Pine, the Sea of Clouds, lots of strange rocks and many ancient buildings.
strange 词义及用法:
副词:strangely 奇怪地
名词:strangeness 怪异
名词:stranger 陌生人
(1)奇特的、怪异的、与众不同的
作定语(放在名词前修饰名词)
strange rocks 怪石
a strange sound 奇怪的声音
作表语(放在系动词后:be /look/sound /feel + strange)
例句:The rocks look strange. 这些岩石看起来很奇特。
That is very strange. 那很奇怪。
(2)陌生的、不熟悉的
a strange place 陌生的地方
a strange city 陌生的城市
(3)不可思议的、离奇的
a strange story 离奇的故事
常用固定搭配
feel strange 感到不适 / 怪怪的
I feel strange today. 我今天有点不舒服。
be strange to sth 对某事 / 某物不熟悉、不习惯
例句:I am strange to this city. 我对这座城市不熟。
It’s strange that… 奇怪的是……(从句常用虚拟语气 / 陈述语气)
例句:It’s strange that he didn’t come. 奇怪的是他没来。
strange to say 说来奇怪
例句:Strange to say, I met him again. 说来奇怪,我又遇见了他。
【即学即练】
1. There are many ________ (strange) rocks on Huangshan Mountain.
2. ________ (strange), no one knew where the little boy was.
3. I felt ________ (strange) when I first came to this city.
4. He is a ________ (strange), so I don’t know his name.
【参考答案】 1. strange 2. strangely 3. strange 4. stranger
7.Emma went back to the US with her mum and sister. 艾玛和妈妈、姐姐一起回到了美国。
go back to + 地点:回到某地
用法:后面接地点名词,不能省略 to
go back to China 回到中国
go back home(home 是副词,不加 to)回家
【即学即练】
1. I want ________________ my hometown next month.(下个月我想回到我的家乡)
2. Emma _______________ the US last week.(艾玛上周回到了美国)
3. She doesn’t like to ________________ home too late.(她不喜欢太晚回家)
【参考答案】1. to go back to 2. went back to 3. go back
8.She stayed with her grandparents for 10 days. 她和祖父母一起住了十天。
基本结构:for + 时间段(如:for two hours 持续两小时、for a week 持续一周、for three years 持续三年)。
注意:for是介词,对时间段提问时,用how long。
—How long did she stay with her grandparents?(她和祖父母待了多久?)
—For 10 days.(10 天。)
【即学即练】
1. — ______ did you stay in Huangshan? — For three days.
A. How many B. How long C. How often
2. Emma stayed in the US ______ one month last year.
A. at B. in C. for
【参考答案】1. . B 5. C
9.Where did Yaming/ Emma go on hoilday/vacation?
on holiday / on vacation的用法 度假、在休假
固定介词搭配:用 on,不是 in /at
holiday:可指单日 / 短期假期;vacation:多指长假(寒暑假等)
on vacation:在度假
She’s on vacation in Hawaii.(她正在夏威夷度假。)
take a vacation:休假、度假
We plan to take a vacation next month.(我们计划下个月休假。)
summer vacation:暑假
They always go camping during summer vacation. (他们暑假总去露营。)
winter vacation:寒假
We usually visit grandparents in winter vacation. (我们寒假通常去看望祖父母。)
go on vacation:去度假
When will you go on vacation this year? (你今年什么时候去度假?)
spend a vacation:度过假期
We spent our vacation by the sea. (我们在海边度过了假期。)
【即学即练】
1. My family and I plan to _______ _______ _______ (去度假) to Sanya next month.
2. She is _______ _______ (在度假) in Japan now, so she can’t answer your call.
3. During _______ _______ (寒假), my brother often learns to skate with his friends.
4. —Where did you go _______ vacation?
—I went to Beijing with my family.
【参考答案】 1. go on vacation 2. on vacation 3. winter vacation 4. on
1. 易混词辨析 holiday / vacation
holiday (英式为主)
vacation (美式为主)
共同固定搭配:on holiday / on vacation 在度假
(1)核心区别
holiday(英式英语 )
含义:可指单日法定假日、短期假期、休息日,也可泛指长假
public holiday 法定节假日(元旦、端午、国庆这类单日 / 短假)
summer holidays(常用复数 holidays)
a three-day holiday 三天假期
侧重:零散、短期、公共假日;可数名词(holidays 复数常表示寒暑假长假)
例句:I’m on holiday next week. 我下周休假度假。
vacation(美式英语 )
含义:多指学校 / 公司的长假期(寒暑假、长假休假),很少指单日法定假日
summer vacation 暑假
winter vacation 寒假
go on vacation 去度假
侧重:连续长假;美式日常说法;多作不可数 / 单数
I’m on vacation in July. 我七月休假度假。
holiday(英式):可短可长,常指法定单日假、短假;复数 holidays 可指寒暑假
vacation(美式):主要指寒暑假、连续长假,一般不用来指单日法定假日
(2)相同用法
go on holiday /go on vacation = 去度假
be on holiday /be on vacation = 在度假(状态)
介词固定用 on,不是 in /at
2. 介词搭配易错
go to + 地点名词(有 to;副词不加 to)
go to the mountains / go home
visit + 地点 / 人(动词用法,不加 to)
visit ancient buildings
stay with + 人;stay at + 场所地点
stay with family / stay at a hotel
3. 名词单复数与冠词易错
ancient buildings(可数复数,不加冠词表泛指)
strange rocks(复数形式,听力填空易漏写-s)
the Sea of Clouds(专有名词,大写且常加定冠词)
易错点:听力填词忽略复数 -s;专有名词首字母大小写错误。
4. 一般过去时疑问句与回答易错
问句:Where did Yaming go?(助动词 did + 动词原形 go)
回答:He went to...(不用 He go)
问句:Did he do anything interesting?(助动词后接原形 do)
回答:Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.(不可用 Yes, he went)
易错点:疑问句中误用过去式(如 Where did he went?);简答时动词形式错乱。
$Unit 1 Happy Holiday
Section A ( 1a-1d) 核心知识梳理
一、必背词汇
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1. 古代的;古老的(形容词):ancient
2. 度假营;营地(名词):camp
3. 露营;宿营(动词):camp
4. 风景;景色(名词):landscape
5. 奇怪的;陌生的(形容词):strange
6. 假期;度假(名词):vacation
1. 古代的;古老的(形容词):____________________
2. 度假营;营地(名词):____________________
3. 露营;宿营(动词):____________________
4. 风景;景色(名词):____________________
5. 奇怪的;陌生的(形容词):____________________
6. 假期;度假(名词):____________________
二、必会考点
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1. How do people spend their holidays? 人们如何度过他们的假期?
spend v. 度过;花费
用法:
(1) spend +时间+with sb 和某人共度时光
例句:I spend two hours with my friends every day. (我每天和我的朋友度过两个小时的时间。)
(2)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + on sth. 在某物上花费时间 / 金钱
例句:She spends a lot of time on her homework .(她在家庭作业上花很多时间。)
(3)spend + 时间 / 金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间 / 金钱做某事
例句:We spend much money (in) buying books.(我们花很多钱买书。)
【即学即练】
1.My mother spends two hours ________ housework every day.
A.do B.to do C.doing D.did
2.Teng Fei’s father ________ a lot of time fishing.
A.spend B.spends C.to spend
3.Tom often spends much money ________ his model cars.
A.in B.on C.for D.at
2. take music lessons上音乐课
take 的词义及用法
take v. 含义:参加(课程、培训);上(课)
用法:
(1)take + 各类课程 上...课程
take art lessons 上美术课
take swimming lessons 上游泳课
take English lessons 上英语课
(2)take+考试 参加考试
例句:All students must take the final exam in June. (所有学生都必须参加六月份的期末考试。)
(3)take part in:参与(活动、会议等)
例句:We all took part in the charity event.(我们都参加了那场慈善活动。)
【即学即练】
1. She _______ (take) a painting class twice a week.
2. We will _______ (take part in) the school trip next Friday.
3. Did you _______ (take) the history exam yesterday?
4. They _______ (take) part in the debate competition last year.
5. He plans to _______ (take) a photography course this summer.
3. visit some ancient buildings拜访我的祖父母
(1)visit的词义及用法
Visit 后边是人,含义为拜访某人,看望某人。
Visit 后边是地点,含义为参观某地。
(2)ancient的词义及用法
形容词,古老的;古代的;年代久远的
近义词:old(普通老的)、historic 有历史意义的
反义词:modern 现代的
搭配:
ancient China 古代中国
ancient city 古城
ancient culture 古老文化
(3)building的词义及用法
名词,建筑物,楼房(可数名词)
单数:building 复数:buildings
builder 名词(n.)建筑工人;建造者
例句:The builder helped us fix the broken wall. (建筑工人帮我们修好了破墙。)
动词形式为build 建造;建立;创建
例句:Workers are building a new school in our neighborhood. (工人们正在我们小区里建一所新学校。)
We need to build a good relationship with our classmates. (我们需要和同学建立良好的关系。)
【即学即练】
1. Workers ________ this bridge two years ago.
2. There are many old ________ in this town.
3. My uncle is a ________. He ________ many houses every year.
4. went to a summer camp去了一个夏令营
camp 的词义及用法:
n. 度假营;营地 v. 露营;宿营
camper(n.)露营者;野营车;camping(n.)露营
summer camp夏令营;go camping去露营;
camp in the mountains在山里露营
We camped near the beach and had a good time. (我们在海滩附近露营,玩得很开心。)
【即学即练】
1. We will go if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
2. The decided to put up a tent near the river before it got dark.
3. Joining a summer is a great experience for children.
4. The boys by a river last weekend.
5. The landscape there was amazing.那里的风景美极了。
(1)landscape 词义及用法:
(自然)风景;景色(尤指乡村、户外的整体自然风光)
The landscape of the countryside in spring is very beautiful. (春天乡村的景色非常美丽。)
名词复数:landscapes
例句:She traveled to many countries and saw different landscapes.(她去过很多国家,见过不同的风景。)
(2)amazing adj. 令人惊叹的、绝妙的、了不起的(-ing 形容词,修饰事物)
区分:
amazing:令人惊奇的(形容事物:景色、经历,主语是物)
例句:an amazing view 绝美景色
amazed:感到惊奇的(形容人,主语是人)
例句:I was amazed. 我感到很震撼。
【即学即练】
1. I was ________ when I saw the beautiful view. (amazing / amazed)
2. The scenery here is really ________. (amazing / amazed)
3. We had an ________ trip last summer. (amazing / amazed)
4. She felt ________ at the strange rocks. (amazing / amazed)
6. Yaming saw the Guest-Greeting Pine, the Sea of Clouds, lots of strange rocks and many ancient buildings.
strange 词义及用法:
副词:strangely 奇怪地
名词:strangeness 怪异
名词:stranger 陌生人
(1)奇特的、怪异的、与众不同的
作定语(放在名词前修饰名词)
strange rocks 怪石
a strange sound 奇怪的声音
作表语(放在系动词后:be /look/sound /feel + strange)
例句:The rocks look strange. 这些岩石看起来很奇特。
That is very strange. 那很奇怪。
(2)陌生的、不熟悉的
a strange place 陌生的地方
a strange city 陌生的城市
(3)不可思议的、离奇的
a strange story 离奇的故事
常用固定搭配
feel strange 感到不适 / 怪怪的
I feel strange today. 我今天有点不舒服。
be strange to sth 对某事 / 某物不熟悉、不习惯
例句:I am strange to this city. 我对这座城市不熟。
It’s strange that… 奇怪的是……(从句常用虚拟语气 / 陈述语气)
例句:It’s strange that he didn’t come. 奇怪的是他没来。
strange to say 说来奇怪
例句:Strange to say, I met him again. 说来奇怪,我又遇见了他。
【即学即练】
1. There are many ________ (strange) rocks on Huangshan Mountain.
2. ________ (strange), no one knew where the little boy was.
3. I felt ________ (strange) when I first came to this city.
4. He is a ________ (strange), so I don’t know his name.
7.Emma went back to the US with her mum and sister. 艾玛和妈妈、姐姐一起回到了美国。
go back to + 地点:回到某地
用法:后面接地点名词,不能省略 to
go back to China 回到中国
go back home(home 是副词,不加 to)回家
【即学即练】
1. I want ________________ my hometown next month.(下个月我想回到我的家乡)
2. Emma _______________ the US last week.(艾玛上周回到了美国)
3. She doesn’t like to ________________ home too late.(她不喜欢太晚回家)
8.She stayed with her grandparents for 10 days. 她和祖父母一起住了十天。
基本结构:for + 时间段(如:for two hours 持续两小时、for a week 持续一周、for three years 持续三年)。
注意:for是介词,对时间段提问时,用how long。
—How long did she stay with her grandparents?(她和祖父母待了多久?)
—For 10 days.(10 天。)
【即学即练】
1. — ______ did you stay in Huangshan? — For three days.
A. How many B. How long C. How often
2. Emma stayed in the US ______ one month last year.
A. at B. in C. for
9.Where did Yaming/ Emma go on hoilday/vacation?
on holiday / on vacation的用法 度假、在休假
固定介词搭配:用 on,不是 in /at
holiday:可指单日 / 短期假期;vacation:多指长假(寒暑假等)
on vacation:在度假
She’s on vacation in Hawaii.(她正在夏威夷度假。)
take a vacation:休假、度假
We plan to take a vacation next month.(我们计划下个月休假。)
summer vacation:暑假
They always go camping during summer vacation. (他们暑假总去露营。)
winter vacation:寒假
We usually visit grandparents in winter vacation. (我们寒假通常去看望祖父母。)
go on vacation:去度假
When will you go on vacation this year? (你今年什么时候去度假?)
spend a vacation:度过假期
We spent our vacation by the sea. (我们在海边度过了假期。)
【即学即练】
1. My family and I plan to _______ _______ _______ (去度假) to Sanya next month.
2. She is _______ _______ (在度假) in Japan now, so she can’t answer your call.
3. During _______ _______ (寒假), my brother often learns to skate with his friends.
4. —Where did you go _______ vacation?
—I went to Beijing with my family.
1. 易混词辨析 holiday / vacation
holiday (英式为主)
vacation (美式为主)
共同固定搭配:on holiday / on vacation 在度假
(1)核心区别
holiday(英式英语 )
含义:可指单日法定假日、短期假期、休息日,也可泛指长假
public holiday 法定节假日(元旦、端午、国庆这类单日 / 短假)
summer holidays(常用复数 holidays)
a three-day holiday 三天假期
侧重:零散、短期、公共假日;可数名词(holidays 复数常表示寒暑假长假)
例句:I’m on holiday next week. 我下周休假度假。
vacation(美式英语 )
含义:多指学校 / 公司的长假期(寒暑假、长假休假),很少指单日法定假日
summer vacation 暑假
winter vacation 寒假
go on vacation 去度假
侧重:连续长假;美式日常说法;多作不可数 / 单数
I’m on vacation in July. 我七月休假度假。
holiday(英式):可短可长,常指法定单日假、短假;复数 holidays 可指寒暑假
vacation(美式):主要指寒暑假、连续长假,一般不用来指单日法定假日
(2)相同用法
go on holiday /go on vacation = 去度假
be on holiday /be on vacation = 在度假(状态)
介词固定用 on,不是 in /at
2. 介词搭配易错
go to + 地点名词(有 to;副词不加 to)
go to the mountains / go home
visit + 地点 / 人(动词用法,不加 to)
visit ancient buildings
stay with + 人;stay at + 场所地点
stay with family / stay at a hotel
3. 名词单复数与冠词易错
ancient buildings(可数复数,不加冠词表泛指)
strange rocks(复数形式,听力填空易漏写-s)
the Sea of Clouds(专有名词,大写且常加定冠词)
易错点:听力填词忽略复数 -s;专有名词首字母大小写错误。
4. 一般过去时疑问句与回答易错
问句:Where did Yaming go?(助动词 did + 动词原形 go)
回答:He went to...(不用 He go)
问句:Did he do anything interesting?(助动词后接原形 do)
回答:Yes, he did. / No, he didn’t.(不可用 Yes, he went)
易错点:疑问句中误用过去式(如 Where did he went?);简答时动词形式错乱。
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