专题1：（初升高）名词与主谓一致+题型组合练-2026年新高一英语精品专题宝典（全国通用）

名词与主谓一致 + 题型组合练 第1讲 知识回顾 【课前检测】(5mins) 1.写出下列词的复数形式 country __________ tree __________ bus __________ life __________ dish __________ this __________ that __________ people __________ juice __________ glass __________ child __________ tomato __________ radio__________ Chinese __________ 2.用所给单词的正确形式填空 Two ________ live in this building. (family) There ________ a boy over there. (be) There ________ three books on the table. (be) Three years ______________ since he left. (pass) This is __________________ mom. (Lily and Mary) We don’t understand _________________. (有钱人的生活） 知识点睛 　考查名词的数与格 1．不定冠词a，an后用名词单数形式。 2．有some，many，all，both等词修饰时名词用复数形式。 3．名词前有one of时，名词用复数形式。 4．谓语动词是复数，名词作主语时确定名词为复数。 5．名词的所有格： 主要用于表示有生命的人或物的名词，其变化方法如下： 构成 例词 一般是名词词尾加’s Mike’s computer迈克的电脑 以­s或­es结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加’ students’ reading room学生阅览室 词尾不带­(e)s的复数名词，仍加’s children’s game孩子们的游戏 Women’s Day妇女节 6.熟记名词的数： (1)可数名词的数 ①可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式词尾后加­s或­es，规则的复数构成形式如下： 变化规则 例词 一般情况下 在词尾直接加­s table→tables park→parks 以­s、­x、­ch、­sh结尾的名词 在词尾加­es bus→buses box→boxes wish→wishes watch→watches 以辅音字母加­y结尾的名词 将­y变为­i再加­es family→families butterfly→ butterflies dictionary→ dictionaries 以元音字母加­y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加­s day→days holiday→ holidays monkey→ monkeys 以­o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加­s photo→photos radio→radios 有些在词尾加­es potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 以­f或­fe结尾的名词 一般变­f或­fe为­v，再加­es knife→knives　wife→wives life→lives leaf→leaves 少数直接加­s roof→roofs belief→beliefs ②有些名词复数形式不是以加­s或­es构成，它们的不规则构成形式如下： 变化规则 例词 变内部元音 man→men　woman→women　foot→feet mouse→mice　tooth→teeth 词尾加­en 或­ren ox→oxen　child→children 单复数同形 fish，sheep，deer，means(方式；方法)， series, Chinese, Swiss 名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变成复数形式。 man doctor→men doctors男医生 woman worker→women workers女工 (2)不可数名词的数 一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。通常只用作不可数名词的名词有：milk，music，homework，housework，weather, news, butter, information，bread，advice，progress，orange juice(橙汁)，equipment，meat，fun，luggage，luck，work(工作), traffic, furniture，wealth，word(消息)，room(空间)，man(人类)等。 word意为“消息”，room意为“空间”，man意为“人类”时，通常不带任何修饰词。　 Word came that the meeting will be held on Friday. 有消息称会议将于周五召开。 练习： 1．She has turned down several ______(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. 2．Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ____________(carrot) and was about to throw them away. 3．The nursery team switches him every few ____________(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed... 4．Now I’m feeling regretful and disturbed. I’m not sure whether a computer’s repair shop can get the documents back.________________. 5. Once I broke a neighbor window. Seeing nobody around, I ran away immediately._________. 　名词的词性转换 1．根据名词的功能来判断是否需要填名词。名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、宾语补足语等。做题时可以根据提示词在句中所作的成分判断空格处是否需要填名词。 2．根据语境来判断是否需要填名词。名词通常出现在及物动词、形容词、介词以及限定词之后。 3．填名词时，一定要注意单复数及拼写。 练习： 1．This development was only possible with the ____________(introduce) of electric­powered engines and lifts. 2．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ____________(attract)． 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ____________(achieve)． 4．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the _______(develop) of chopsticks. 　考查主谓一致 (一)主谓一致的基础“3原则” 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近一致原则和意义一致原则。 1．语法一致原则 (1)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 My father, together with his workmates, has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。 (2)and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting­room. 她的老师和朋友都在客厅。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。 2．就近一致原则 (1)由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 或者是你或者是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 (2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有三把椅子、一张桌子和一台电脑。 3．意义一致原则 (1)“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都有很好的理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。 (2)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 (二)主谓一致的3种特殊情况 1．“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历了这一段痛苦的过程。 2．all，the rest，the remaining/part...＋主语，谓语动词应根据句子所表达的单复数意义而定。 The first part of the lecture was vivid but the remaining was dull. 讲座的前半部分很生动，但后半部分非常枯燥。 3．“几分之几/百分之几＋of＋名词”结构作主语时，一般根据of后名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天只做了60%的工作。 练习： 1．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____________(regard) as one of the best all­round forms of exercise. 2．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____________(be) often acceptable. 3．As the saying go, “United we stand; divided we fall.”____________________ 4．She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer was.____________________ 5. You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.____________________ 6．Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.____________________ 经典精讲 单句语法填空 1．If we are not aware of these differences, some unusual ____________(thing) might happen. 2．Driven by the ____________(curious) in my heart, I came to China and took part in a cruise(乘船度假) along part of the river last year. 3．Nothing I did seemed to make any ____________(different). “It can’t be the fuel，” I thought. 4．“Alaya, you don’t have to do this if you don’t want to. Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said I wasn’t going to do it, my ____________(foot) carried me toward the pool. 5．Portman’s educational background has influenced one of her ____________(project)． 6．More than one doctor ____________(be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. 7．Computer game ____________(design) often create interesting video games to tempt players to keep playing. 8．I would appreciate it if you could take me into ____________(consider). Looking forward to receiving your reply. 9．He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which ____________(be) of great help. 10．Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants ____________(be) to arrive by air. 实战演练 Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 WHAT DOES IT COME UNDER? If you're dieting there are certain 1 (food) you really have to avoid: 2 (cake) and 3 (biscuit) are out for a start，but you can't live for ever on 4 (tomato) and 5 (orange).There are 6 (man) and 7 (woman) who spend their entire 8 (life) counting the calories they take in each day.Some national 9 (cuisine) make you fat.The 10 (Japanese) have a high protein diet，while the 11 (Swiss) eat a lot of milk 12 (product).Personally，I'm lucky not to have to diet，but my friend，John，can't eat anything without looking it up in his Calorie Chart.This is carefully organized so that 13 (strawberry) and 14 (peach) are under ‘Fruit’； 15 (potato) and spaghetti come under ‘Starchy Foods’，and so on.I entertained John to a nice low－calorie meal yesterday and at the end I offered him some jelly.“What does ‘jelly’ come under？”he asked looking at his chart.“Half a litre of double cream，”I said，pouring the stuff over my plate! 能力训练 I. 语法填空 Number 1 in Chinese Culture Number 1 is the simplest number, but has 1.____________ most complex cultural meaning in Chinese culture. It has the meaning of the beginning, the origin, and the whole, 2.____________ was first suggested by Lao Zi, a well­known philosopher in ancient China in his classic—Tao Te Ching. Meanwhile, this number 3.____________(regard) as “the mother of all creatures” by some other Chinese philosophers in ancient times. Chinese people respect it for its meaning of the first and winner as the same in Western culture. It is easy 4.____________(find) how people love the word from Chinese ancient literature. There are over 260 phrases and more than 420 idioms 5._________ ___(begin) with this word in Chinese language system. In Chinese culture, it is 6.____________ lucky nor unlucky. The 7.____________(combine) with some other numbers has positive meanings, such as 1314. 8.____________(it) pronunciation in Chinese sounds similar to lifetime, which is widely used between 9.____________(lover). Sometimes, 1(Yi in Chinese pinyin) sounds similar to the word “You”(Ni in Chinese pinyin). The common use of 5211314 in network language means “I love you forever”. 521 10.____________(simple) means “I love you”， which is the most beautiful line to all. II. 阅读理解 It was my first day of sixth grade. I looked at my schedule and saw that I had Mrs. Foxwell's classes and this made me happy. Over the next three years, Mrs. Foxwell taught me many important things that I will never forget. Of all of the teachers and coaches I have had in my life, Mrs. Foxwell has been my favorite leader. Mrs. Foxwell is one of the most respected people I know. She is always kind to everyone and she treats others the way that she wants to be treated. She taught me respect in many different ways, but mainly how to be respectful in the business world. She told me that I needed to have a firm handshake and that I should always look people in the eye when I talked to them. Mrs. Foxwell also taught me that I could earn someone's respect by working hard to achieve my goals. In addition to working at Brandywine Springs School, Mrs. Foxwell once worked at a bank as a manager but she gave that up to teach kids how to be successful. Mrs. Foxwell told our class that she would cry because of the amount of work she had to do in very little time. She told our class that working all night at something we don't love is very stressful, so we should try and do something we love. In the end, she taught me that I have to keep my head high and pull through difficulties. I don't think I have ever worked as hard in any class as I did in her class. I created my own 28-page business plan to share with her, my parents, other teachers and my classmates. Although creating a business from nothing was a lot of hard work, I really enjoyed it and learned several lessons that will help me throughout life. I have had a lot of role models in my life, but one of the greatest ones is Eva Foxwell. She taught me leadership qualities, how to be respectful and why I should work hard. She changes my life for the better and I desire to be like her. 1. How did the author show respect according to Mrs. Foxwell? A. By working hard to achieve goals. B. By looking at people's hands. C. By shaking people's hands firmly. D. By greeting people with joy. 2. What can we know about Mrs. Foxwell according to Paragraph 3? A. She used to be a bank manager. B. She was a business planner. C. She never cried while facing difficulties. D. She insisted on doing everything well. 3. Which of the following can best describe Mrs. Foxwell? A. Rude. B. Kind. C. Humorous. D. Confident. 4. In the author's eyes, Mrs. Foxwell is a(n)_____________. A. teacher and coworker B. educator and role model C. friend and leader D. coach and manager 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ ( 名词与主谓一致 + 题型组合练 ) ( 第 1 讲 ) ( 知识 回顾 ) 【课前检测】(5mins) 1.写出下列词的复数形式 country __countries________ tree __trees________ bus _buses_________ life ___lives_______ dish _dishes_________ this ___these_______ that __those________ people _people_________ juice _juice_________ glass _glass_________ child __children________ tomato _tomotoes_________ radio_radios_________ Chinese _chinese_________ 2.用所给单词的正确形式填空 Two _families_______ live in this building. (family) There __is______ a boy over there. (be) There __are______ three books on the table. (be) Three years __has passed____________ since he left. (pass) This is __Lily and Mary’s________________ mom. (Lily and Mary) We don’t understand __the life of the rich_______________. (有钱人的生活） ( 知识点睛 ) 　考查名词的数与格 1．不定冠词a，an后用名词单数形式。 2．有some，many，all，both等词修饰时名词用复数形式。 3．名词前有one of时，名词用复数形式。 4．谓语动词是复数，名词作主语时确定名词为复数。 5．名词的所有格： 主要用于表示有生命的人或物的名词，其变化方法如下： 构成 例词 一般是名词词尾加’s Mike’s computer迈克的电脑 以­s或­es结尾的复数名词，只在词尾加’ students’ reading room学生阅览室 词尾不带­(e)s的复数名词，仍加’s children’s game孩子们的游戏 Women’s Day妇女节 6.熟记名词的数： (1)可数名词的数 ①可数名词单数变复数的规则变化 可数名词的复数形式通常是在单数形式词尾后加­s或­es，规则的复数构成形式如下： 变化规则 例词 一般情况下 在词尾直接加­s table→tables park→parks 以­s、­x、­ch、­sh结尾的名词 在词尾加­es bus→buses box→boxes wish→wishes watch→watches 以辅音字母加­y结尾的名词 将­y变为­i再加­es family→families butterfly→ butterflies dictionary→ dictionaries 以元音字母加­y结尾的名词 在词尾直接加­s day→days holiday→ holidays monkey→ monkeys 以­o结尾的名词 一般在词尾加­s photo→photos radio→radios 有些在词尾加­es potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 以­f或­fe结尾的名词 一般变­f或­fe为­v，再加­es knife→knives　wife→wives life→lives leaf→leaves 少数直接加­s roof→roofs belief→beliefs ②有些名词复数形式不是以加­s或­es构成，它们的不规则构成形式如下： 变化规则 例词 变内部元音 man→men　woman→women　foot→feet mouse→mice　tooth→teeth 词尾加­en 或­ren ox→oxen　child→children 单复数同形 fish，sheep，deer，means(方式；方法)， series, Chinese, Swiss 名词前有man或woman修饰，变复数时，作定语的man/woman和中心词都要变成复数形式。 man doctor→men doctors男医生 woman worker→women workers女工 (2)不可数名词的数 一般来说，物质名词和抽象名词是不可数的，因此没有复数形式，一般也不能用a或an修饰。通常只用作不可数名词的名词有：milk，music，homework，housework，weather, news, butter, information，bread，advice，progress，orange juice(橙汁)，equipment，meat，fun，luggage，luck，work(工作), traffic, furniture，wealth，word(消息)，room(空间)，man(人类)等。 word意为“消息”，room意为“空间”，man意为“人类”时，通常不带任何修饰词。　 Word came that the meeting will be held on Friday. 有消息称会议将于周五召开。 练习： 1．She has turned down several ______(invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies. invitations　解析：invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。 2．Last October, while tending her garden in Mora, Sweden, Lena Pahlsson pulled out a handful of small ____________(carrot) and was about to throw them away. carrots　解析：carrot是可数名词，根据a handful of“一把”可知，应用复数形式。 3．The nursery team switches him every few ____________(day) with his sister so that while one is being bottle­fed... days　解析：every few＋可数名词复数，意为“每隔……”。 4．Now I’m feeling regretful and disturbed. I’m not sure whether a computer’s repair shop can get the documents back.________________. computer’s→computer　解析：考查名词，computer在此为名词作定语。 5. Once I broke a neighbor window. Seeing nobody around, I ran away immediately._________. neighbor→neighbor’s　解析：考查名词所有格形式。此处用名词所有格形式作定语，修饰名词window。 　名词的词性转换 1．根据名词的功能来判断是否需要填名词。名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语、宾语补足语等。做题时可以根据提示词在句中所作的成分判断空格处是否需要填名词。 2．根据语境来判断是否需要填名词。名词通常出现在及物动词、形容词、介词以及限定词之后。 3．填名词时，一定要注意单复数及拼写。 练习： 1．This development was only possible with the ____________(introduce) of electric­powered engines and lifts. introduction　解析：空格前是冠词，空格后是of所有格，故此处用名词形式。 2．But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ____________(attract)． attraction　解析：根据前面的its及形容词top“头等的；最重要的”可知，后面跟名词形式。 3．Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of ____________(achieve)． achievement　解析：介词of后应用名词作宾语。此处achievement表抽象意义，意为“成就感”，故用单数形式。 4．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B．C., influenced the _______(develop) of chopsticks. development　解析：根据空格前面的the可知，所填词应用名词形式。 　考查主谓一致 (一)主谓一致的基础“3原则” 主谓一致是指谓语动词在人称和数上和主语一致，一般遵循三个原则，即语法一致原则、就近一致原则和意义一致原则。 1．语法一致原则 (1)主语后跟有with, together with, as well as, like, but, except, along with, rather than, including, in addition to等引起的短语时，谓语动词的数要与前面的主语保持一致。 The leader and artist as well as some of our English teachers was given a chance to go abroad last year. 那位领导兼艺术家和我们的一些英语老师去年得到了一次出国的机会。 My father, together with his workmates, has been to Beijing. 我父亲和他的同事曾去过北京。 (2)and, both...and...连接两个不同的主语，谓语动词用复数形式；但是如果由and连接的两个名词表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词需用单数形式。 Her teacher and her friends are in the sitting­room. 她的老师和朋友都在客厅。 The poet and writer has produced many works. 这位诗人兼作家写出了许多作品。 2．就近一致原则 (1)由or, either...or..., neither...nor..., not only...but also...等连接的并列主语，谓语动词的数常与最近的主语保持一致。 Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. 或者是你或者是你的一名学生应该出席明天的会议。 (2)由there，here引起的主语不止一个时，谓语动词的数通常和最邻近的主语保持一致。 There are three chairs, a desk and a computer in the room. 房间里有三把椅子、一张桌子和一台电脑。 3．意义一致原则 (1)“no/each/every/many a＋单数名词＋and＋no/each/every/many a＋单数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。 Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers. 每一个人都有很好的理由为他们的父亲所从事的职业感到骄傲。 (2)非谓语动词、名词性从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数。 Listening to music makes me relaxed after a busy day. 听音乐使我在一天的忙碌之后得到了放松。 (二)主谓一致的3种特殊情况 1．“many a/more than one＋单数名词”作主语，谓语动词用单数。 Many a parent has had to go through this same painful process. 很多父母都被迫经历了这一段痛苦的过程。 2．all，the rest，the remaining/part...＋主语，谓语动词应根据句子所表达的单复数意义而定。 The first part of the lecture was vivid but the remaining was dull. 讲座的前半部分很生动，但后半部分非常枯燥。 3．“几分之几/百分之几＋of＋名词”结构作主语时，一般根据of后名词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数。 About one third of the books are worth reading. 这些书中大约有1/3值得一读。 Only 60 percent of the work was done yesterday. 昨天只做了60%的工作。 练习： 1．Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____________(regard) as one of the best all­round forms of exercise. is regarded　解析：三种锻炼形式与动词regard之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；主语后有along with连接的短语时，谓语动词的数应与主语保持一致，即与cycling一致，此处谓语动词应用单数形式，故填is regarded。 2．Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ____________(be) often acceptable. is　解析：分析句子结构可知，句中动名词短语leaving the less important things until tomorrow作主语，故谓语动词用单数。 3．As the saying go, “United we stand; divided we fall.”____________________ go→goes　解析：句中的主语是the saying，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 4．She took the lift to the eleventh floor, and the secretary showed her where her desk and her computer was.____________________ was→were　解析：在where引导的宾语从句中，主语是her desk and her computer，谓语动词须用复数形式。 5. You are the most considerate person who know exactly what I need in our class.____________________ know→knows　解析：know是定语从句中的谓语动词，其形式由先行词person确定。由于person是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 6．Each student learn a foreign language, mostly English, from Day One of their compulsory education.____________________ learn→learns　解析：主语是each student，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ( 经典精讲 ) 单句语法填空 1．If we are not aware of these differences, some unusual ____________(thing) might happen. things　解析：考查名词的数。根据该句中的some可知，可数名词thing应用复数形式。 2．Driven by the ____________(curious) in my heart, I came to China and took part in a cruise(乘船度假) along part of the river last year. curiosity　解析：考查名词。curious为形容词，由前面的冠词the可知，此处应用名词；driven by the curiosity意为“受好奇心驱使”。 3．Nothing I did seemed to make any ____________(different). “It can’t be the fuel，” I thought. difference　解析：考查名词。make any difference为固定搭配，意为“有任何影响”。 4．“Alaya, you don’t have to do this if you don’t want to. Nobody is forcing you.” Though I said I wasn’t going to do it, my ____________(foot) carried me toward the pool. feet　解析：考查名词复数。foot是可数名词，且没有被冠词修饰，故用复数形式。 5．Portman’s educational background has influenced one of her ____________(project)． projects　解析：one of后接可数名词的复数形式，表示“……之一”，故填projects。 6．More than one doctor ____________(be) involved in the rescue that took place after the earthquake. was　解析：句意：许多医生都加入到了震后的营救工作中。“more than one＋可数名词单数”作主语时，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。根据从句用一般过去时可知，主句也应用一般过去时。故填was。 7．Computer game ____________(design) often create interesting video games to tempt players to keep playing. designers　解析：根据句意可知此处表示“电子游戏的设计者”，同时根据谓语动词create可知，需用复数形式，故填designers。 8．I would appreciate it if you could take me into ____________(consider). Looking forward to receiving your reply. consideration　解析：句意：如果你能考虑我， 我将不胜感激。盼望收到你的回复。介词into后需加名词形式。此处take...into consideration(考虑到……)为固定短语。 9．He has donated some money to those who live in poverty, which ____________(be) of great help. is　解析：句意：他给那些生活贫困的人捐了一些钱，这帮了大忙。which引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，指代前面主句的内容，故从句谓语动词应用单数；根据空前的has donated可知此处应用一般现在时。故填is。 10．Professor James will give us a lecture on Western culture, and he as well as his assistants ____________(be) to arrive by air. is　解析：句意：詹姆斯教授将给我们做一次关于西方文化的演讲，他和他的助理将乘飞机到达。as well as连接并列成分时，谓语动词的单复数形式要与前面主语保持一致。 ( 实战演练 ) Ⅰ.用括号内所给词的适当形式填空 WHAT DOES IT COME UNDER? If you're dieting there are certain 1 (food) you really have to avoid: 2 (cake) and 3 (biscuit) are out for a start，but you can't live for ever on 4 (tomato) and 5 (orange).There are 6 (man) and 7 (woman) who spend their entire 8 (life) counting the calories they take in each day.Some national 9 (cuisine) make you fat.The 10 (Japanese) have a high protein diet，while the 11 (Swiss) eat a lot of milk 12 (product).Personally，I'm lucky not to have to diet，but my friend，John，can't eat anything without looking it up in his Calorie Chart.This is carefully organized so that 13 (strawberry) and 14 (peach) are under ‘Fruit’； 15 (potato) and spaghetti come under ‘Starchy Foods’，and so on.I entertained John to a nice low－calorie meal yesterday and at the end I offered him some jelly.“What does ‘jelly’ come under？”he asked looking at his chart.“Half a litre of double cream，”I said，pouring the stuff over my plate! 答案　1.foods　2.cakes　3.biscuits　4.tomatoes 5.oranges　6.men　7.women　8.lives　9.cuisine 10.Japanese　11.Swiss 　12.products　13.strawberries 14.peaches　15.potatoes ( 能力训练 ) I. 语法填空 Number 1 in Chinese Culture Number 1 is the simplest number, but has 1.____________ most complex cultural meaning in Chinese culture. It has the meaning of the beginning, the origin, and the whole, 2.____________ was first suggested by Lao Zi, a well­known philosopher in ancient China in his classic—Tao Te Ching. Meanwhile, this number 3.____________(regard) as “the mother of all creatures” by some other Chinese philosophers in ancient times. Chinese people respect it for its meaning of the first and winner as the same in Western culture. It is easy 4.____________(find) how people love the word from Chinese ancient literature. There are over 260 phrases and more than 420 idioms 5._________ ___(begin) with this word in Chinese language system. In Chinese culture, it is 6.____________ lucky nor unlucky. The 7.____________(combine) with some other numbers has positive meanings, such as 1314. 8.____________(it) pronunciation in Chinese sounds similar to lifetime, which is widely used between 9.____________(lover). Sometimes, 1(Yi in Chinese pinyin) sounds similar to the word “You”(Ni in Chinese pinyin). The common use of 5211314 in network language means “I love you forever”. 521 10.____________(simple) means “I love you”， which is the most beautiful line to all. [解题导语]　本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了数字1在中国传统文化中的含义。 1．the　解析：the most＋多音节形容词，表示：最……的。 2．which　解析：考查非限制性定语从句。先行词在定语从句中作主语且表示“物”，故填which。 3．was regarded　解析：考查谓语动词。本句介绍的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时；主语this number与regard为被动关系，故用被动语态。综上所述此空填was regarded。 4．to find　解析：it作形式主语，设空处需用不定式作真正的主语，故填to find。 5．beginning　解析：设空处需用非谓语动词作定语。被修饰词与begin为逻辑上的主动关系，故填beginning。 6．neither　解析：句意：在中国文化中，它既不是吉祥的也不是不吉祥的。根据本句中的nor可知设空处填neither。neither...nor...为固定结构，意为：既不……也不…… 7．combination　解析：设空处在句中作主语，故用名词形式；再根据本句中谓语动词has可推知本空需填名词单数形式。综上所述，设空处填combination。 8．Its　解析：设空处需用形容词性物主代词its作pronunciation的定语。 9．lovers　解析：根据常识及between可知设空处填名词复数形式lovers。 10．simply　解析：设空处需用副词作means的状语，故填simply。 II. 阅读理解 It was my first day of sixth grade. I looked at my schedule and saw that I had Mrs. Foxwell's classes and this made me happy. Over the next three years, Mrs. Foxwell taught me many important things that I will never forget. Of all of the teachers and coaches I have had in my life, Mrs. Foxwell has been my favorite leader. Mrs. Foxwell is one of the most respected people I know. She is always kind to everyone and she treats others the way that she wants to be treated. She taught me respect in many different ways, but mainly how to be respectful in the business world. She told me that I needed to have a firm handshake and that I should always look people in the eye when I talked to them. Mrs. Foxwell also taught me that I could earn someone's respect by working hard to achieve my goals. In addition to working at Brandywine Springs School, Mrs. Foxwell once worked at a bank as a manager but she gave that up to teach kids how to be successful. Mrs. Foxwell told our class that she would cry because of the amount of work she had to do in very little time. She told our class that working all night at something we don't love is very stressful, so we should try and do something we love. In the end, she taught me that I have to keep my head high and pull through difficulties. I don't think I have ever worked as hard in any class as I did in her class. I created my own 28-page business plan to share with her, my parents, other teachers and my classmates. Although creating a business from nothing was a lot of hard work, I really enjoyed it and learned several lessons that will help me throughout life. I have had a lot of role models in my life, but one of the greatest ones is Eva Foxwell. She taught me leadership qualities, how to be respectful and why I should work hard. She changes my life for the better and I desire to be like her. 1. How did the author show respect according to Mrs. Foxwell? A. By working hard to achieve goals. B. By looking at people's hands. C. By shaking people's hands firmly. D. By greeting people with joy. 2. What can we know about Mrs. Foxwell according to Paragraph 3? A. She used to be a bank manager. B. She was a business planner. C. She never cried while facing difficulties. D. She insisted on doing everything well. 3. Which of the following can best describe Mrs. Foxwell? A. Rude. B. Kind. C. Humorous. D. Confident. 4. In the author's eyes, Mrs. Foxwell is a(n)_____________. A. teacher and coworker B. educator and role model C. friend and leader D. coach and manager CABB 1. C【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"She told me that I needed to have a firm handshake and that I should always look people in the ey when I talked to them"可知，Foxwell老师告诉作者，当与别人交谈时，握手要坚定，且应该直视对方以示尊重。故选C项。 2. A【解析】考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"Mrs. Foxwell once worked at a bank as a manager"可知，Foxwell老师曾经是一家银行的经理。故选A项。 3. B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"She is always kind to everyone"以及第三段中的"but she gave that up to teach kids how to be successful"可知，Foxwell老师对每个人都很友好，她放弃了自己在银行的工作去教孩子们如何取得成功。故选B项。 4. B【解析】考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Of all of the teachers and coaches I have had in my life, Mrs. Foxwell has been my favorite leader"和最后一段中的"I have had a lot of role models in my life, but one of the greatest ones is Eva Foxwell"可知，Foxwell老师是作者最喜欢的老师，而且作者一生中最伟大的榜样之一就是Foxwell老师。所以在作者眼中，Foxwell老师是一名教育家，同时也是自己的榜样。故选B项。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $