新课5 必修第一册Unit 3 Family Matters（词汇+课文预习讲义）（外研版）英语初升高衔接

Unit3 Family matters（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 一、单元词汇一览 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n.人物；角色 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ v.走近，靠近 chat /tʃæt/ n. 聊天；闲谈 focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.(把……）集中（于） career /kəˈrɪə(r)/ n.职业，事业 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定，假设，认为 respect /rɪˈspekt/ v./n. 尊重；尊敬 studio /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ n. （音乐）录音室 court/kɔːt/n. 法院，法庭 ignore/ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ v.忽视；不理 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 职业的；专业的 suit /suːt/ v. 适合 talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 天赋，才能 option /ˈɒpʃn/ n. 选择，可选择的东西 sigh /saɪ/ v./n. 叹气；叹息 curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. （舞台上的）幕，帷幕 generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代（人） gap /ɡæp/ n. 差距，差别 currently /ˈkʌrəntli/ adv. 现实，当前 regularly /ˈreɡjələli/ adv. 经常 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负有责任的，应承担责任的 memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆；回忆 nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ adv. 现今，现时 jaw /dʒɔː/ n. 下巴；下颌 beard /bɪəd/ n. 胡须 skin /skɪn/ n. 皮肤 Jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ n. 慢跑锻炼 slim /slɪm/ adj.苗条的；修长的 cheek /tʃiːk/ n. 面颊，脸颊 nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家 aim /eɪm/ v.力求达到 issue /ˈɪʃuː/n.议题；争论的问题 theme /θiːm/ n. 主题 observe /əbˈzɜːv/ v. 庆祝，过（节日、生日等） range /reɪndʒ/ n.一系列 event /ɪˈvent/ n. 活动 apologise /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉 stress /stres/ n.重音，重读 impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n.作用，影响 strength /streŋθ/ n. 强烈程度 admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕 judge/dʒʌdʒ/ v. 认为；判断 settle/ˈsetl/v.和解，结束（争论） triathlon /traɪˈæθlən/ n. 铁人三项运动 series/ˈsɪəriːz/ n. 系列比赛 onto /ˈɒntuː/prep. 到……上；向……上，朝……上 track /træk/ n. 跑道 media /ˈmiːdiə/ n. 新闻媒体；传媒 obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/adv. 明显地，显而易见地 feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ n.（报纸或杂志的）特写 typically/ˈtɪpɪkli/adv.一般，通常 individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj.独特的，与众不同的（含褒义） style /staɪl/ n. 风格 extra /ˈekstrə/adj. 额外的，另外的 detail/ˈdiːteɪl/n.细节，细微之处 contain /kənˈteɪn/ v.包含，含有 summary /ˈsʌməri/ n.概要；总结 powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强有力的，有影响力的 despite/dɪˈspaɪt/prep.尽管，虽然 throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 在整个期间，自始至终 entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 全部的；整个的 enormously /ɪˈnɔːməsli/ adv. 极其；非常 million/ˈmɪljən/num. 许多，无数 disqualify /dɪsˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. 取消资格 athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员，田径运动员 medal/ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌；勋章 somehow /ˈsʌmhaʊ/ adv. 用某种方法；不知怎的indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 当然得，确实 【核心词汇精选精讲】 1. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/v. (把……) 集中 (于) 例句：We should focus our attention on classroom learning. 我们应当把注意力集中在课堂学习上。 拓展：focused adj. 专注的；focus n. 焦点 搭配：focus on 集中于；focus one’s mind 集中精神 2. respect /rɪˈspekt/v./n. 尊重；尊敬 例句：We must respect the opinions of the older generation. 我们必须尊重老一辈人的看法。 拓展：respectful adj. 恭敬的；respective adj. 分别的 搭配：respect sb. 尊重某人；show respect to 向…… 表示尊敬 3. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/v. 忽视；不理 例句：Don’t ignore small mistakes in your writing. 不要忽视写作里的细小错误。 拓展：ignorant adj. 无知的；ignorance n. 无知 搭配：ignore the fact 忽视事实；ignore others’ advice 无视他人建议 4. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/n. 一代 (人) 例句：There is usually a generation gap between teenagers and parents. 青少年和父母之间通常存在代沟。 拓展：generate v. 产生；generational adj. 世代的 搭配：young generation 年轻一代；generation gap 代沟 5. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj. 负有责任的 例句：Every student should be responsible for their own study. 每位学生都应当对自己的学习负责。 拓展：responsibility n. 责任 搭配：be responsible for 对…… 负责 6. nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/adv. 现今，现时 例句：Nowadays more young people care about career planning. 如今更多年轻人重视职业规划。 搭配：nowadays society 当今社会 7. observe /əbˈzɜːv/v. 观察；庆祝（节日） 例句：We observe traditional festivals throughout the whole country. 全国人民一同庆祝传统节日。 拓展：observation n. 观察；observant adj. 善于观察的 搭配：observe the rules 遵守规则；observe festivals 过节 8. impact /ˈɪmpækt/n. 作用，影响 例句：Social media has a great impact on teenagers’ daily life. 社交媒体对青少年日常生活影响巨大。 拓展：impact v. 影响 搭配：have an impact on 对…… 产生影响 9. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/v. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕 例句：I really admire those athletes who stick to their dreams. 我十分钦佩那些坚守梦想的运动员。 拓展：admiration n. 钦佩；admirable adj. 令人敬佩的 搭配：admire sb. for sth. 因某事敬佩某人 10. judge /dʒʌdʒ/v. 认为；判断 例句：We can’t judge a person only by his appearance. 我们不能仅凭外表评判一个人。 拓展：judgement n. 判断；法官 搭配：judge from /by 根据…… 判断 11. despite /dɪˈspaɪt/prep. 尽管，虽然 例句：He kept training despite great stress. 尽管压力很大，他依然坚持训练。 搭配：despite all difficulties 尽管重重困难 12. contain /kənˈteɪn/v. 包含，含有 例句：This article contains many useful learning details. 这篇文章包含许多实用的学习细节。 拓展：container n. 容器；content n. 内容 搭配：contain useful information 包含有用信息 13. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/adj. 强有力的，有影响力的 例句：Good books are powerful tools to open our eyes. 好书是开阔眼界的有力工具。 拓展：power n. 力量；权力 搭配：powerful influence 强大的影响力 14. obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/adv. 明显地，显而易见地 例句：Obviously regular exercise improves people’s health. 显而易见，规律运动能改善人们的健康。 拓展：obvious adj. 明显的 搭配：obviously enough 很明显 15. individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/adj. 独特的，个人的 例句：The teacher pays attention to every individual student’s talent. 老师关注每位学生独有的天赋。 拓展：individual n. 个人；individuality n. 个性 搭配：individual style 独特风格；individual difference 个体差异 16. summary /ˈsʌməri/n. 概要；总结 例句：Write a short summary after reading the passage. 读完文章后写一篇简短总结。 拓展：summarize v. 总结，概括 搭配：make a summary 做总结；brief summary 简短概要 17. throughout /θruːˈaʊt/prep. 在整个期间，自始至终 例句：People admired him throughout his whole sports career. 在他整个运动生涯里，人们都十分敬佩他。 搭配：throughout the year 一整年；throughout the country 全国 18. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/adj. 全部的；整个的 例句：He spent the entire weekend preparing for the event. 他花了整个周末为活动做准备。 拓展：entirely adv. 完全地 搭配：the entire world 全世界；entire life 一生 19. talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天赋，才能 例句：She has a natural talent for sports and track events. 她在田径运动上拥有天生的天赋。 拓展：talented adj. 有天赋的 搭配：have a talent for 有…… 天赋；show talent 展现才能 20. settle /ˈsetl/v. 和解，结束（争论） 例句：We should communicate calmly to settle our disagreements. 我们应当冷静沟通，化解分歧。 拓展：settlement n. 和解；定居点 搭配：settle an argument 平息争论；settle problems 解决问题 二、重点短语： 中文 英文 求助 turn to 专注于 focus on 接受某人的建议 take one’s advice 冷静下来 calm down 提高嗓音 raise one’s voice 不加思索地匆匆投入 jump in with both feet 对…… 感到自豪 be proud of 在舞台上 on a stage 与…… 有冲突 have a conflict with 惊讶地 in/with surprise 对 (做) 某事负责 be responsible for (doing) sth. 与…… 有关 be related to 在…… 范围内变化 range from...to... 因 (做) 某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb.for (doing) sth. 领先 in the lead 勉强接受 settle for 有时 now and then 最终 end up 留下 leave behind 以…… 为目标；力求……；对准…… aim for 与…… 竞争 compete against/with 就在那时 at that moment 与…… 合作 cooperate with 三、单词变形： 1.focus v.集中&n.中心;重点;焦点→focus(s)ed adj.注意力集中的 2.law n. 法律→lawyer n.律师 3.assume v.假定;假设→assuming conj.假定;假设→assumption n.假定;假设 4.respect n. 尊重;尊敬;问候;方面 &vt.尊重;尊敬;遵守→ respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respected adj.受尊敬的;受敬重的→ respectful adj.恭敬的→respective adj.各自的 5.ignore v.不理会;忽视→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 6.profession n. 职业;专业;行业→professional adj.职业的;专业的 7.suit n.一套衣服;套装&vt.适合→suited/suitable adj.适合的 8.talent n. 天资;才能→talented adj.有天资的;有才能的 9.option n.选择;可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的 10.current adj.现时的;当前的 &n.水流;电流;气流→currently adv.现时;当前 11. regular adj.有规律的;定期的→regularly adv.有规律地;定期地;经常 12.responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibility n.责任 13.memory n. 记忆;记忆力;记性→memorize vt. 记住;熟记→memorial adj.纪念的&n.纪念物→memorable adj.值得纪念的;难忘的 14.skin n.皮肤→skinny adj.极瘦的;皮包骨的 15.jog n.&慢跑→jogging n.慢跑运动→jogger n.慢跑锻炼者 16.nation n. 国家;民族;国民→national adj. 国家的;民族的→ nationally adv.全国性地→nationality n.国籍 17.aim vi.力求达到 &n.目的;意图→ aimless adj.无目的的;没有目标的→aimlessly adv.无目的地;没有目标地 18.observe v.观察;察觉到;遵守/奉行;庆祝→observation n. 观察→observer n. 观察者;观察员 19.apology n.道歉;歉意→apologize v. 道歉;表示歉意→ apologetic adj.道歉的;愧疚的 20.stress n.压力;强调;重音&vt.强调;重读→stressed adj.焦虑的;紧张的→ stressful adj.充满压力的 21.strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量:体力:强列程度:优点→strengthen v.加强 22.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏;观赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的→admiration n.钦佩;赞美 24.settle v.定居;对某事达成一致意见;解决;确定→ settlement n.移民:定居点;解决;协议→settler n. 移居者;殖民者 25.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的→typically adv.典型地;一般地;经常 26.detail n.细节;具体情况→detailed adj.详细的;精细的 27.sum n. 金额;总数;总和&vt. 概括;总结→summary n. 总结;摘要;概要&adj.概括的;扼要的→ summarize v.总结;概括;概述 28. power n. 力量;威力→powerful adj.强壮的;强有力的;有影响/感染力的→powerfully adv.强有力地 29.on+to→onto prep.到/向/朝……之上 31.through+ out → throughout prep.遍及/整个……期间/自始至终&adv.到处;始终 32.entire adj.全部的;整个的;完全的→entirely adv.全部地;完整地;完全地 33.enormous adj.巨大的;庞大的→enormously adv.非常;极其 34.million num一百万→ millionaire n.百万富翁;富豪 35.quality n.质量;品质→qualify v.使具有资格;合格disqualify vt.取消……的资格;使不合格→qualified adj.有资格的;合格的 36.athlete n.运动员→athletic adj.健壮的;运动的 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Like Father，Like Son (The living room.Friday night.A table and two chairs at front centre.Grandfather and Father，seated at the table，are playing chess①.) Grandfather：And...I win! (Son enters room.) Father：Not again！Oh look，here comes my boy【1】.How are you，son? 【1】here comes my boy属于here，there 等副词位于句首引起的完全倒装。 Son：(nervously② approaching③ the table) Erm...Dad，can we talk? Father：Sure! You know you can always turn to④ your dad for a chat⑤. Son：OK.Here it is.⑥ I’ve decided not to go to university.I want to focus⑦ on my band and have a career⑧ in music when I leave school. Father：(raising his voice⑨ in surprise⑩) You can’t be serious! What about your future career as a lawyer⑪？！ Son：I knew you’d say that.You just assume⑫ I want to be a lawyer，but that’s only because you are a lawyer. Father：What’s wrong with being a lawyer？Lawyers help people and are respected⑬ by others. Son：Yes，but I’m not interested in law.I want to work in a studio⑭，not a court⑮. Grandfather：(looking at Father)Calm down⑯.OK? Father：(ignoring⑰ Grandfather’s words) Stop daydreaming⑱！ Playing in a band is not a job【2】. 【2】此处为动词-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 Son：Of course it is! The music industry is developing fast now.Making music is a job. Grandfather：(stepping between Father and Son and raising his voice) Hey! I told you to calm down，both of you! Father：But I told him to study something useful at university! Grandfather：(laughing) Easy⑲，son! I remember when you were his age，you said that you wanted to be a professional⑳ football player. Father：And you wanted me to be an engineer! Grandfather：I just wanted you to be happy，and an engineer—a happy engineer. Father：But in the end，you just advised me to think carefully. Grandfather：Yes，and you have found the career that suits your talents【3】.I’m so proud of you.Your son is proud of you，too. 【3】此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词career。 Son：Of course I am，but I have different talents. Grandfather：(turning to Son) Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet？ Son：Well，I could try... Grandfather：If you go to university and play music at the same time，you will have two optionsfor your future.And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university. Father：Yes，lots of new lawyer friends! Son：(with a sigh) Dad... (Curtain) JUST A BROTHER 1 It was the final① part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series② in Mexico.With just 700 metres to go【1】，Alistair Brownlee was in third place③ and his younger brother，Jonny，was in the lead④.Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line⑤ in the burning⑥ heat，but as he came round the corner【2】，he saw his brother about to fall onto the track⑦【3】.Alistair had to choose —brotherly⑧ love，or a chance to win the race【4】？ 【1】此处为“with＋宾语＋不定式”复合结构。 【2】此处为as引导的时间状语从句，as在此意为“当……时”。 【3】此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。be about to do sth即将做某事，about为形容词，about to fall onto the track为形容词短语作宾语补足语。 【4】此处为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 chance。 2 For Alistair，the choice was clear.His brother was in trouble⑨.He had to help.Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move⑩ put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑪ end to the race，but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media⑫.He just wanted to see his younger brother，who had been rushed to⑬ the medical area. 3 The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children【5】.“Obviously⑭，when your older brother is doing it，you think it’s a cool thing to do，” says Jonny.Alistair says that they encourage⑮ each other as much as they can⑯ when they train.Despite⑰ arguments⑱ over “stupid things” now and then⑲，Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage⑳【6】. “Throughout my entire life，I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do 【7】.It has been an enormously positive force.” 【5】since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成进行时。 【6】此处为v.-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 【7】此处属于“have sb doing”结构，表示“使某人一直做某事”。I do为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。 4 Watched by millions【8】，the ending to the race has divided opinions：should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain【9】：“Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind【10】.” At that moment，he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal【11】—he was just a brother. 【8】Watched by millions为过去分词短语作状语。 【9】此处属于“主语＋ be＋ adj.＋不定式”结构。 【10】此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语形式为would have done，从句谓语形式为had done。 【11】此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 athlete。 二、课文研习： 第一部分：教材原句重点解析 1. (教材 P27)Oh look, here comes my boy. 看，我的儿子来了。 其正常结构：Oh look, my boy comes here. 完全倒装的条件： (1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here, there, in, out, up, down, away, now, then 等以及表示方位的介词短语置于句首时； (2)谓语动词一般为be动词或lie, come, go, stand等动词； (3)句子的主语为名词。如果句子的主语为代词，主谓不倒装。 Into the complete silence of the waiting class came the teacher’s sweet voice，“Good morning, children.” 在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。” By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。 —Look, here comes the bus．——看，汽车来了。 —Here it comes．——它确实来了。 【注意】完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 【句型转换】 (1)A small boy rushed from behind the door. →_______________________________________________ (2)A tall tree with a history of over 100 years stands in front of the house. →___________________________________________. 2.(教材 P27)Playing in a band is not a job.在乐队演奏不是一份工作。 Making music is a job.作曲是一份工作。 Seeing is believing.[谚语]眼见为实。 (1)动名词(短语)作主语表示习惯性、经常性的动作。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 (3)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用 it作形式主语，而把真正主语置于句尾。常见句型：It is useless/nice/good/worth/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing... Walking in the sun in such a day_________ (be) a pleasant thing.这么好的天气在阳光下散步是一件惬意的事情。 ___________is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.[谚语]覆水难收。 It is ______________________(persuade) such a person to join us.劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。 [仿写]　早睡早起是一个好习惯。 _________________________________________________________ 3.(教材P33)The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children. 布朗利兄弟从孩童时起就一直进行铁人三项的训练。 since的基本用法： ①作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语； ②作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)； 作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时。 since的常见句式： It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)． We have never met since we graduated from the college. 自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。 He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him ever __________ 他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。 They__________________(not see) each other since they quarreled. 自从吵架后，他们就没再见过面。 ___________________，it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建校以来已有一百多年了。 The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons _____________ they were children. 布朗利兄弟从小就参加铁人三项运动。 [仿写]　自从她毕业以来，我没有收到过她的来信。 ———————————————————————————————————— 4. With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead. 只剩700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排在第三位，他的弟弟乔尼领先。 5.Mum ___________________________________(不会开心) if I’d left Jonny behind. 第二部分. 核心单词精讲 1． approach v．接近，靠近　n．途径，方法，接近 an approach to...　　 ……的方法；去……的道路 at the approach of 在……将要来到的时候 熟词生义： approach还可以做“与……打交道”的意思。 The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach. 员工很快发现这位新经理平易近人。 approach: an approach to (doing) sth. way: in this way to do/of doing sth. method: with this method of doing sth. manner: in a．..manner of doing sth. ①As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs. 我走近那幢房子时，注意到楼上有灯光。 ②As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. 教师节日益临近，我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。 ③All approaches to the town were blocked. 所有去城里的路都被堵住了。 【语法填空】 1.Christmas Day is__________________. Have you prepared any presents for your parents? 圣诞节就要到了，你给父母准备好礼物了吗？ 2.Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening ________________ (approach)． 由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 3.All approaches ________________ the airport were blocked by the heavy traffic. 所有去机场的路都被拥挤的车辆堵死了。 4.The best approach to________________ (learn) a foreign language is the study of the spoken language. 学习外语的最好的途径是学口语。 2. focus　 n．焦点；中心点vt.(把……)集中(于)；聚焦 (教材P27)I want to focus on my band and have a career in music when I leave school.　 当我毕业的时候，我想专注于我的乐队并从事音乐事业。 focus on　　　　 集中(注意力、精力等)于…… focus/fix one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到…… the focus of attention 关注的焦点 As is known to us, children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents. 众所周知，孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。 To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more ________ your career while you are young. 为了将来过上幸福的生活，趁着年轻你应该多关注你的事业。 He didn’t hear what I say because he was focusing his attention _________ the painting on the wall just now.他没有听到我说什么，因为他刚才正把注意力集中在墙上的那幅画上。 3. assume　 vt.认为；假设，假定；承担 (教材P27)You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but that’s only because you are a lawyer. 你就认为我想当一名律师，可是那只是因为你是律师。 assume...to be... 认为……是……； 假定……是…… It is assumed that... 人们认为…… assuming that... 假定……(作状语) assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 认为；假定 People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment. 人们认为他们所做的对环境几乎没什么影响。 _______________ (assume) that there weren’t the hard work of the dustman, what can you imagine our city will be like? 假设没有清洁工人的辛苦工作，你想想我们的城市会是什么样子？ A lot of people make the__________________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 许多人认为贫穷只存在于第三世界。 4. respect　n．尊重；(pl.)敬意，问候 vt.尊敬，敬重；遵守 (教材P27)Lawyers help people and are respected by others.　律师帮助人们并受到他人的尊重。 respect sb./sth. for sth.　 因某事尊敬/尊重某人/物 show/have respect for... 对……表示尊重/尊敬 win/gain/earn the respect of... 赢得……的尊重 give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候 She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实，我因此非常敬重她。 I have the greatest respect for all of my teachers. 我非常尊敬我所有的老师。 The new teacher soon won the respect of his students. 这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。 5.ignore　 vt.不理睬；忽视 (教材P27)(ignoring Grandfather’s words) Stop daydreaming! (不理会祖父的话) 不要白日做梦了。 ignore danger/facts　　　 不顾危险/事实 ignore one’s advice/mistakes 忽视某人的建议/过错 ignore traffic rules 无视交通规则 ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的 ignorance n. 无知；愚昧 I said hello to him, but he ignored me completely. 我向他问好，但是他完全不理睬我。 He ignored my advice so he failed in the game. 他无视我的忠告并因此输掉了比赛。 Some people always do everything they like, but are_________________ (ignore) of others’ feelings. 一些人总是做他们喜欢做的事情，而对他人的感受却一无所知。 That unsuitable remark exposed his __________________(ignore) of the subject. 那番不妥的言论暴露了他对这一话题的无知。 6. suit　 v．适合；合适；相配　n．套装 (教材P27)Yes, and you have found the career that suits your talents. 是的，你已经找到了一份适合你才能的职业。 suit sb.fine 很合某人的意；对某人很合适 suitable adj. 适当的；相配的；恰当的 be suitable for... 适合于…… be suitable to do... 适合做某事 As a student, you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you. 作为一名学生，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。 It________________ (suit) me fine to see a movie this Saturday night. 对我来说本周六晚上看电影很合适。 It is difficult to find a____________________ (suit) place for a picnic in winter. 冬天很难找到一个适合野餐的地方。 fit 指大小、尺寸、形状合适，引申为“吻合” suit 指款式、需要、口味、条件、地位、衣着适合某人，使人看上去有吸引力，另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit I want to take this jacket because it fits me well and matches my trousers, though the colour doesn’t suit me. 我想买这件夹克，因为它很合身，而且和我的裤子很相配，尽管颜色不适合我。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1. You should __________ (集中) all your energy on your study. 2. We all __________ (尊重) our teachers and value their advice. 3. Never __________ (忽视) the advice given by your parents. 4. There is a generation __________ (差距) between us and our parents. 5. Everyone must be __________ (负有责任的) for their own mistakes. 6. We __________ (庆祝) traditional festivals all over the country. 7. Social media has a great __________ (影响) on teenagers. 8. I deeply __________ (钦佩) athletes who never give up. 9. __________ (尽管) heavy pressure, he still keeps positive. 10. The report __________ (包含) many useful facts and details. 二、单句语法填空 1.________ (obvious), the nice girl was taken in by what the young man said. 2. When I entered the room, I found him _______ ( seat) in an armchair, deep in thought. 3. The only approach to ________( solve) the problem is to improve the quality of our products. 4. Whenever you feel angry, taking a deep breath can help you calm ______quickly. 5.You" need to know or consider it at least twice before you jump in with both _______ ( foot). 6. With only 100 metres to go, Tom is _______ the lead so he is very likely to win the game. 7. I am beginning to feel embarrassed by my complete _______( ignore) of world history. 8. My mother is busy _______ her work so I'm afraid she has no time to go shopping with me. 9. His parents were proud ________ him for his winning the first prize in the competition last week. 10. Daisy doesn't have a talent for music, but she decides to make up _______ it with her hard work. 二、完成句子翻译 . How I wish if ____________ by your side !我多么希望自己能够在你身边！ 2. ________________ made the teacher very angry.他再次迟到使老师很生。 3. We have every reason to ______________ our motherland.我们有理由为自己的祖国感到骄傲和自豪。 4. Hurry up! Here ___________________.快点!公交车来了。 5.____________________________,I can't go out with you.有这么多衣服要洗，我不能和你出去了。 6. 随着儿童节的临近，孩子们变得越来越兴奋。 _____________________________Children’s Day, children are becoming more and more excited. 7．只有你把注意力放在你的学习上你才能学好。 __________________________________can you learn it well. 8．他不喜欢和我们去购物，因为他只对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。 He won’t enjoy shopping with us,__________________________ playing computer games． 三、语法填空 Family is the most important part of our life. Different family members have different characters, which makes every family unique. Growing up in a harmonious family benefits teenagers a lot. Many teenagers face generation gaps with their parents nowadays. Some are stressed by parents’ high expectations and even quarrel with them 1. ______ (occasion). Some students raise their voices when arguing, which hurts family feelings. However, we should respect our parents and understand their love. They always try their best to provide us 2. ______ a better life. When we have disagreements, we should calm down first instead of being impulsive. Apologizing for our mistakes in time is a good way 3. ______ (repair) family relationships. We should take our parents’ advice 4. ______ (serious) and learn to communicate patiently. My parents never push me too hard. Instead, they encourage me to stick to my dream and devote myself 5. ______ my study. I am proud 6. ______ their tolerance and guidance. Family love influences us 7. ______ (enormous). It gives us courage to face difficulties. We should never judge our parents casually. With good family education, we can grow into responsible and 8. ______ (admire) people. A series of small warm moments make our family life wonderful. We should cherish our family and solve problems 9. ______ a positive way. Harmony at home lays a solid foundation 10. ______ our future growth. $Unit3 Family matters（单词+课文） 目录 重点速记：单元词汇、词组梳理 课文聚焦：课文预习、句型讲解 学以致用：巩固提升，全面突破 重点速记 一、单元词汇一览 1 / 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司zxxk.com 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 character /ˈkærəktə(r)/ n.人物；角色 approach /əˈprəʊtʃ/ v.走近，靠近 chat /tʃæt/ n. 聊天；闲谈 focus /ˈfəʊkəs/ v.(把……）集中（于） career /kəˈrɪə(r)/ n.职业，事业 lawyer /ˈlɔːjə(r)/ n. 律师 assume /əˈsjuːm/ v. 假定，假设，认为 respect /rɪˈspekt/ v./n. 尊重；尊敬 studio /ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ n. （音乐）录音室 court/kɔːt/n. 法院，法庭 ignore/ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/ v.忽视；不理 professional /prəˈfeʃənl/ adj. 职业的；专业的 suit /suːt/ v. 适合 talent /ˈtælənt/ n. 天赋，才能 option /ˈɒpʃn/ n. 选择，可选择的东西 sigh /saɪ/ v./n. 叹气；叹息 curtain /ˈkɜːtn/ n. （舞台上的）幕，帷幕 generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/ n. 一代（人） gap /ɡæp/ n. 差距，差别 currently /ˈkʌrəntli/ adv. 现实，当前 regularly /ˈreɡjələli/ adv. 经常 responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/ adj. 负有责任的，应承担责任的 memory /ˈmeməri/ n. 记忆；回忆 nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/ adv. 现今，现时 jaw /dʒɔː/ n. 下巴；下颌 beard /bɪəd/ n. 胡须 skin /skɪn/ n. 皮肤 Jogging /ˈdʒɒɡɪŋ/ n. 慢跑锻炼 slim /slɪm/ adj.苗条的；修长的 cheek /tʃiːk/ n. 面颊，脸颊 nation /ˈneɪʃn/ n. 国家 aim /eɪm/ v.力求达到 issue /ˈɪʃuː/n.议题；争论的问题 theme /θiːm/ n. 主题 observe /əbˈzɜːv/ v. 庆祝，过（节日、生日等） range /reɪndʒ/ n.一系列 event /ɪˈvent/ n. 活动 apologise /əˈpɒlədʒaɪz/ v. 道歉 stress /stres/ n.重音，重读 impact /ˈɪmpækt/ n.作用，影响 strength /streŋθ/ n. 强烈程度 admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/ v. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕 judge/dʒʌdʒ/ v. 认为；判断 settle/ˈsetl/v.和解，结束（争论） triathlon /traɪˈæθlən/ n. 铁人三项运动 series/ˈsɪəriːz/ n. 系列比赛 onto /ˈɒntuː/prep. 到……上；向……上，朝……上 track /træk/ n. 跑道 media /ˈmiːdiə/ n. 新闻媒体；传媒 obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/adv. 明显地，显而易见地 feature /ˈfiːtʃə(r)/ n.（报纸或杂志的）特写 typically/ˈtɪpɪkli/adv.一般，通常 individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/ adj.独特的，与众不同的（含褒义） style /staɪl/ n. 风格 extra /ˈekstrə/adj. 额外的，另外的 detail/ˈdiːteɪl/n.细节，细微之处 contain /kənˈteɪn/ v.包含，含有 summary /ˈsʌməri/ n.概要；总结 powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/ adj. 强有力的，有影响力的 despite/dɪˈspaɪt/prep.尽管，虽然 throughout /θruːˈaʊt/ prep. 在整个期间，自始至终 entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/ adj. 全部的；整个的 enormously /ɪˈnɔːməsli/ adv. 极其；非常 million/ˈmɪljən/num. 许多，无数 disqualify /dɪsˈkwɒlɪfaɪ/ v. 取消资格 athlete /ˈæθliːt/ n. 运动员，田径运动员 medal/ˈmedl/ n. 奖牌；勋章 somehow /ˈsʌmhaʊ/ adv. 用某种方法；不知怎的indeed /ɪnˈdiːd/ adv. 当然得，确实 【核心词汇精选精讲】 1. focus /ˈfəʊkəs/v. (把……) 集中 (于) 例句：We should focus our attention on classroom learning. 我们应当把注意力集中在课堂学习上。 拓展：focused adj. 专注的；focus n. 焦点 搭配：focus on 集中于；focus one’s mind 集中精神 2. respect /rɪˈspekt/v./n. 尊重；尊敬 例句：We must respect the opinions of the older generation. 我们必须尊重老一辈人的看法。 拓展：respectful adj. 恭敬的；respective adj. 分别的 搭配：respect sb. 尊重某人；show respect to 向…… 表示尊敬 3. ignore /ɪɡˈnɔː(r)/v. 忽视；不理 例句：Don’t ignore small mistakes in your writing. 不要忽视写作里的细小错误。 拓展：ignorant adj. 无知的；ignorance n. 无知 搭配：ignore the fact 忽视事实；ignore others’ advice 无视他人建议 4. generation /ˌdʒenəˈreɪʃn/n. 一代 (人) 例句：There is usually a generation gap between teenagers and parents. 青少年和父母之间通常存在代沟。 拓展：generate v. 产生；generational adj. 世代的 搭配：young generation 年轻一代；generation gap 代沟 5. responsible /rɪˈspɒnsəbl/adj. 负有责任的 例句：Every student should be responsible for their own study. 每位学生都应当对自己的学习负责。 拓展：responsibility n. 责任 搭配：be responsible for 对…… 负责 6. nowadays /ˈnaʊədeɪz/adv. 现今，现时 例句：Nowadays more young people care about career planning. 如今更多年轻人重视职业规划。 搭配：nowadays society 当今社会 7. observe /əbˈzɜːv/v. 观察；庆祝（节日） 例句：We observe traditional festivals throughout the whole country. 全国人民一同庆祝传统节日。 拓展：observation n. 观察；observant adj. 善于观察的 搭配：observe the rules 遵守规则；observe festivals 过节 8. impact /ˈɪmpækt/n. 作用，影响 例句：Social media has a great impact on teenagers’ daily life. 社交媒体对青少年日常生活影响巨大。 拓展：impact v. 影响 搭配：have an impact on 对…… 产生影响 9. admire /ədˈmaɪə(r)/v. 钦佩，赞美，羡慕 例句：I really admire those athletes who stick to their dreams. 我十分钦佩那些坚守梦想的运动员。 拓展：admiration n. 钦佩；admirable adj. 令人敬佩的 搭配：admire sb. for sth. 因某事敬佩某人 10. judge /dʒʌdʒ/v. 认为；判断 例句：We can’t judge a person only by his appearance. 我们不能仅凭外表评判一个人。 拓展：judgement n. 判断；法官 搭配：judge from /by 根据…… 判断 11. despite /dɪˈspaɪt/prep. 尽管，虽然 例句：He kept training despite great stress. 尽管压力很大，他依然坚持训练。 搭配：despite all difficulties 尽管重重困难 12. contain /kənˈteɪn/v. 包含，含有 例句：This article contains many useful learning details. 这篇文章包含许多实用的学习细节。 拓展：container n. 容器；content n. 内容 搭配：contain useful information 包含有用信息 13. powerful /ˈpaʊəfl/adj. 强有力的，有影响力的 例句：Good books are powerful tools to open our eyes. 好书是开阔眼界的有力工具。 拓展：power n. 力量；权力 搭配：powerful influence 强大的影响力 14. obviously /ˈɒbviəsli/adv. 明显地，显而易见地 例句：Obviously regular exercise improves people’s health. 显而易见，规律运动能改善人们的健康。 拓展：obvious adj. 明显的 搭配：obviously enough 很明显 15. individual /ˌɪndɪˈvɪdʒuəl/adj. 独特的，个人的 例句：The teacher pays attention to every individual student’s talent. 老师关注每位学生独有的天赋。 拓展：individual n. 个人；individuality n. 个性 搭配：individual style 独特风格；individual difference 个体差异 16. summary /ˈsʌməri/n. 概要；总结 例句：Write a short summary after reading the passage. 读完文章后写一篇简短总结。 拓展：summarize v. 总结，概括 搭配：make a summary 做总结；brief summary 简短概要 17. throughout /θruːˈaʊt/prep. 在整个期间，自始至终 例句：People admired him throughout his whole sports career. 在他整个运动生涯里，人们都十分敬佩他。 搭配：throughout the year 一整年；throughout the country 全国 18. entire /ɪnˈtaɪə(r)/adj. 全部的；整个的 例句：He spent the entire weekend preparing for the event. 他花了整个周末为活动做准备。 拓展：entirely adv. 完全地 搭配：the entire world 全世界；entire life 一生 19. talent /ˈtælənt/n. 天赋，才能 例句：She has a natural talent for sports and track events. 她在田径运动上拥有天生的天赋。 拓展：talented adj. 有天赋的 搭配：have a talent for 有…… 天赋；show talent 展现才能 20. settle /ˈsetl/v. 和解，结束（争论） 例句：We should communicate calmly to settle our disagreements. 我们应当冷静沟通，化解分歧。 拓展：settlement n. 和解；定居点 搭配：settle an argument 平息争论；settle problems 解决问题 二、重点短语： 中文 英文 求助 turn to 专注于 focus on 接受某人的建议 take one’s advice 冷静下来 calm down 提高嗓音 raise one’s voice 不加思索地匆匆投入 jump in with both feet 对…… 感到自豪 be proud of 在舞台上 on a stage 与…… 有冲突 have a conflict with 惊讶地 in/with surprise 对 (做) 某事负责 be responsible for (doing) sth. 与…… 有关 be related to 在…… 范围内变化 range from...to... 因 (做) 某事向某人道歉 apologise to sb.for (doing) sth. 领先 in the lead 勉强接受 settle for 有时 now and then 最终 end up 留下 leave behind 以…… 为目标；力求……；对准…… aim for 与…… 竞争 compete against/with 就在那时 at that moment 与…… 合作 cooperate with 三、单词变形： 1.focus v.集中&n.中心;重点;焦点→focus(s)ed adj.注意力集中的 2.law n. 法律→lawyer n.律师 3.assume v.假定;假设→assuming conj.假定;假设→assumption n.假定;假设 4.respect n. 尊重;尊敬;问候;方面 &vt.尊重;尊敬;遵守→ respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respected adj.受尊敬的;受敬重的→ respectful adj.恭敬的→respective adj.各自的 5.ignore v.不理会;忽视→ignorance n.无知;愚昧→ignorant adj.无知的;愚昧的 6.profession n. 职业;专业;行业→professional adj.职业的;专业的 7.suit n.一套衣服;套装&vt.适合→suited/suitable adj.适合的 8.talent n. 天资;才能→talented adj.有天资的;有才能的 9.option n.选择;可选择的东西→optional adj.可选择的 10.current adj.现时的;当前的 &n.水流;电流;气流→currently adv.现时;当前 11. regular adj.有规律的;定期的→regularly adv.有规律地;定期地;经常 12.responsible adj.负责的;有责任的→responsibility n.责任 13.memory n. 记忆;记忆力;记性→memorize vt. 记住;熟记→memorial adj.纪念的&n.纪念物→memorable adj.值得纪念的;难忘的 14.skin n.皮肤→skinny adj.极瘦的;皮包骨的 15.jog n.&慢跑→jogging n.慢跑运动→jogger n.慢跑锻炼者 16.nation n. 国家;民族;国民→national adj. 国家的;民族的→ nationally adv.全国性地→nationality n.国籍 17.aim vi.力求达到 &n.目的;意图→ aimless adj.无目的的;没有目标的→aimlessly adv.无目的地;没有目标地 18.observe v.观察;察觉到;遵守/奉行;庆祝→observation n. 观察→observer n. 观察者;观察员 19.apology n.道歉;歉意→apologize v. 道歉;表示歉意→ apologetic adj.道歉的;愧疚的 20.stress n.压力;强调;重音&vt.强调;重读→stressed adj.焦虑的;紧张的→ stressful adj.充满压力的 21.strong adj.强壮的→strength n.力量:体力:强列程度:优点→strengthen v.加强 22.admire vt.钦佩;赞赏;观赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的;值得赞美的→admiration n.钦佩;赞美 24.settle v.定居;对某事达成一致意见;解决;确定→ settlement n.移民:定居点;解决;协议→settler n. 移居者;殖民者 25.typical adj.典型的;有代表性的→typically adv.典型地;一般地;经常 26.detail n.细节;具体情况→detailed adj.详细的;精细的 27.sum n. 金额;总数;总和&vt. 概括;总结→summary n. 总结;摘要;概要&adj.概括的;扼要的→ summarize v.总结;概括;概述 28. power n. 力量;威力→powerful adj.强壮的;强有力的;有影响/感染力的→powerfully adv.强有力地 29.on+to→onto prep.到/向/朝……之上 31.through+ out → throughout prep.遍及/整个……期间/自始至终&adv.到处;始终 32.entire adj.全部的;整个的;完全的→entirely adv.全部地;完整地;完全地 33.enormous adj.巨大的;庞大的→enormously adv.非常;极其 34.million num一百万→ millionaire n.百万富翁;富豪 35.quality n.质量;品质→qualify v.使具有资格;合格disqualify vt.取消……的资格;使不合格→qualified adj.有资格的;合格的 36.athlete n.运动员→athletic adj.健壮的;运动的 课文聚焦 一、原文呈现： Like Father，Like Son (The living room.Friday night.A table and two chairs at front centre.Grandfather and Father，seated at the table，are playing chess①.) Grandfather：And...I win! (Son enters room.) Father：Not again！Oh look，here comes my boy【1】.How are you，son? 【1】here comes my boy属于here，there 等副词位于句首引起的完全倒装。 Son：(nervously② approaching③ the table) Erm...Dad，can we talk? Father：Sure! You know you can always turn to④ your dad for a chat⑤. Son：OK.Here it is.⑥ I’ve decided not to go to university.I want to focus⑦ on my band and have a career⑧ in music when I leave school. Father：(raising his voice⑨ in surprise⑩) You can’t be serious! What about your future career as a lawyer⑪？！ Son：I knew you’d say that.You just assume⑫ I want to be a lawyer，but that’s only because you are a lawyer. Father：What’s wrong with being a lawyer？Lawyers help people and are respected⑬ by others. Son：Yes，but I’m not interested in law.I want to work in a studio⑭，not a court⑮. Grandfather：(looking at Father)Calm down⑯.OK? Father：(ignoring⑰ Grandfather’s words) Stop daydreaming⑱！ Playing in a band is not a job【2】. 【2】此处为动词-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。 Son：Of course it is! The music industry is developing fast now.Making music is a job. Grandfather：(stepping between Father and Son and raising his voice) Hey! I told you to calm down，both of you! Father：But I told him to study something useful at university! Grandfather：(laughing) Easy⑲，son! I remember when you were his age，you said that you wanted to be a professional⑳ football player. Father：And you wanted me to be an engineer! Grandfather：I just wanted you to be happy，and an engineer—a happy engineer. Father：But in the end，you just advised me to think carefully. Grandfather：Yes，and you have found the career that suits your talents【3】.I’m so proud of you.Your son is proud of you，too. 【3】此处为that引导的定语从句，修饰先行词career。 Son：Of course I am，but I have different talents. Grandfather：(turning to Son) Why don’t you also take my advice and think carefully before jumping in with both feet？ Son：Well，I could try... Grandfather：If you go to university and play music at the same time，you will have two optionsfor your future.And I’m sure playing in a band will help you make lots of new friends at university. Father：Yes，lots of new lawyer friends! Son：(with a sigh) Dad... (Curtain) JUST A BROTHER 1 It was the final① part of the 2016 World Triathlon Series② in Mexico.With just 700 metres to go【1】，Alistair Brownlee was in third place③ and his younger brother，Jonny，was in the lead④.Alistair pushed himself towards the finish line⑤ in the burning⑥ heat，but as he came round the corner【2】，he saw his brother about to fall onto the track⑦【3】.Alistair had to choose —brotherly⑧ love，or a chance to win the race【4】？ 【1】此处为“with＋宾语＋不定式”复合结构。 【2】此处为as引导的时间状语从句，as在此意为“当……时”。 【3】此处为“see＋宾语＋宾补”结构。be about to do sth即将做某事，about为形容词，about to fall onto the track为形容词短语作宾语补足语。 【4】此处为不定式短语作后置定语，修饰 chance。 2 For Alistair，the choice was clear.His brother was in trouble⑨.He had to help.Alistair ran towards Jonny，caught him and started pulling him towards the finish line.Alistair then pushed his brother over the line.The move⑩ put Jonny in second place and Alistair himself in third.It was an unexpected⑪ end to the race，but Alistair did not want to discuss it with the media⑫.He just wanted to see his younger brother，who had been rushed to⑬ the medical area. 3 The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children【5】.“Obviously⑭，when your older brother is doing it，you think it’s a cool thing to do，” says Jonny.Alistair says that they encourage⑮ each other as much as they can⑯ when they train.Despite⑰ arguments⑱ over “stupid things” now and then⑲，Alistair agrees that having a brother is an advantage⑳【6】. “Throughout my entire life，I’ve had my brother trying to beat me at everything I do 【7】.It has been an enormously positive force.” 【5】since在此引导时间状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用现在完成进行时。 【6】此处为v.-ing短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 【7】此处属于“have sb doing”结构，表示“使某人一直做某事”。I do为省略了关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything。 4 Watched by millions【8】，the ending to the race has divided opinions：should the brothers have been disqualified or highly praised for their actions? But for Alistair，his decision was easy to explain【9】：“Mum wouldn’t have been happy if I’d left Jonny behind【10】.” At that moment，he was no longer an athlete aiming for a medal【11】—he was just a brother. 【8】Watched by millions为过去分词短语作状语。 【9】此处属于“主语＋ be＋ adj.＋不定式”结构。 【10】此处表示的是与过去事实相反的假设，主句谓语形式为would have done，从句谓语形式为had done。 【11】此处为现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰 athlete。 二、课文研习： 第一部分：教材原句重点解析 1. (教材 P27)Oh look, here comes my boy. 看，我的儿子来了。 【解析】本句是一个完全倒装句。 其正常结构：Oh look, my boy comes here. 完全倒装的条件： (1)表示地点、方位或时间的副词，如here, there, in, out, up, down, away, now, then 等以及表示方位的介词短语置于句首时； (2)谓语动词一般为be动词或lie, come, go, stand等动词； (3)句子的主语为名词。如果句子的主语为代词，主谓不倒装。 Into the complete silence of the waiting class came the teacher’s sweet voice，“Good morning, children.” 在全班同学静静的等待中传来了老师甜甜的嗓音：“孩子们，早上好。” By the window sat a young man with a magazine in his hand. 窗户边坐着一位年轻人，手里拿着一本杂志。 —Look, here comes the bus．——看，汽车来了。 —Here it comes．——它确实来了。 【注意】完全倒装结构的时态只限于一般现在时或一般过去时。 【句型转换】 (1)A small boy rushed from behind the door. →_______________________________________________ (2)A tall tree with a history of over 100 years stands in front of the house. →___________________________________________. 【答案】 1. From behind the door rushed a small boy． 2. In front of the house stands a tall tree with a history of over 100 years 2.(教材 P27)Playing in a band is not a job.在乐队演奏不是一份工作。 【解析】动名词短语作主语 Making music is a job.作曲是一份工作。 Seeing is believing.[谚语]眼见为实。 (1)动名词(短语)作主语表示习惯性、经常性的动作。 (2)动名词(短语)作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 (3)动名词(短语)作主语时，有时用 it作形式主语，而把真正主语置于句尾。常见句型：It is useless/nice/good/worth/no use/no good/a waste of time＋doing... Walking in the sun in such a day_________ (be) a pleasant thing.这么好的天气在阳光下散步是一件惬意的事情。 ___________is no use/no good crying over spilt milk.[谚语]覆水难收。 It is ______________________(persuade) such a person to join us.劝说这样的人加入我们真是浪费时间。 [仿写]　早睡早起是一个好习惯。 _________________________________________________________ 【答案】is/ It/ persuading/ a waste of time Going to bed and getting up early is a good habit. 3.(教材P33)The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons since they were children. 布朗利兄弟从孩童时起就一直进行铁人三项的训练。 【解析】句中since引导时间状语从句时，表示“自从……以来多久了”，从句中的谓语动词多用一般过去时，而主句中的谓语动词多用现在完成时或现在完成进行时。 since的基本用法： ①作副词，单独使用，在句中作时间状语； ②作介词，后接表示时间的名词(短语)； 作连词，引导时间状语从句，从句通常用一般过去时。 since的常见句式： It is/has been＋一段时间＋since从句(常用过去时)． We have never met since we graduated from the college. 自从大学毕业后我们就再也没有见过面。 He left home two weeks ago and we haven’t heard from him ever __________ 他两周前离家外出，我们至今还没有他的音信。 They__________________(not see) each other since they quarreled. 自从吵架后，他们就没再见过面。 ___________________，it is 100 years since Qinghua University was founded. 据报道，自清华大学建校以来已有一百多年了。 The Brownlee brothers have been doing triathlons _____________ they were children. 布朗利兄弟从小就参加铁人三项运动。 [仿写]　自从她毕业以来，我没有收到过她的来信。 ———————————————————————————————————— 【答案】1. since. 2. haven’t seen 3. since 4. since [仿写]　I haven't heard from her since she graduated. 4. With just 700 metres to go, Alistair Brownlee was in third place and his younger brother, Jonny, was in the lead. 只剩700米，阿利斯泰尔·布朗利排在第三位，他的弟弟乔尼领先。 【解析】with＋宾语＋宾语补足语. 【答案】I have never heard from her since she left school. 5.Mum ___________________________________(不会开心) if I’d left Jonny behind. 第二部分. 核心单词精讲 1． approach v．接近，靠近　n．途径，方法，接近 an approach to...　　 ……的方法；去……的道路 at the approach of 在……将要来到的时候 熟词生义： approach还可以做“与……打交道”的意思。 The staff soon found the new manager easy to approach. 员工很快发现这位新经理平易近人。 approach: an approach to (doing) sth. way: in this way to do/of doing sth. method: with this method of doing sth. manner: in a．..manner of doing sth. ①As I approached the house, I noticed a light on upstairs. 我走近那幢房子时，注意到楼上有灯光。 ②As Teachers' Day was approaching, our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. 教师节日益临近，我们班决定举行聚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。 ③All approaches to the town were blocked. 所有去城里的路都被堵住了。 【语法填空】 1.Christmas Day is__________________. Have you prepared any presents for your parents? 圣诞节就要到了，你给父母准备好礼物了吗？ 2.Absorbed in painting, John didn’t notice evening ________________ (approach)． 由于专心绘画，约翰没有注意到夜幕正在降临。 3.All approaches ________________ the airport were blocked by the heavy traffic. 所有去机场的路都被拥挤的车辆堵死了。 4.The best approach to________________ (learn) a foreign language is the study of the spoken language. 学习外语的最好的途径是学口语。 【答案】1. approaching 2. Approaching 3.to 4. learning 2. focus　 n．焦点；中心点vt.(把……)集中(于)；聚焦 (教材P27)I want to focus on my band and have a career in music when I leave school.　 当我毕业的时候，我想专注于我的乐队并从事音乐事业。 focus on　　　　 集中(注意力、精力等)于…… focus/fix one’s attention on sth. 把某人的注意力集中到…… the focus of attention 关注的焦点 As is known to us, children are the focus of families, shouldering the hope of their parents. 众所周知，孩子是家庭的中心，承载着父母的希望。 To lead a happy life in the future, you should focus more ________ your career while you are young. 为了将来过上幸福的生活，趁着年轻你应该多关注你的事业。 He didn’t hear what I say because he was focusing his attention _________ the painting on the wall just now.他没有听到我说什么，因为他刚才正把注意力集中在墙上的那幅画上。 【答案】1.on 2. on 3. assume　 vt.认为；假设，假定；承担 (教材P27)You just assume I want to be a lawyer, but that’s only because you are a lawyer. 你就认为我想当一名律师，可是那只是因为你是律师。 assume...to be... 认为……是……； 假定……是…… It is assumed that... 人们认为…… assuming that... 假定……(作状语) assumption n. 假定；假设 make an assumption 认为；假定 People assume that what they do has little effect on the environment. 人们认为他们所做的对环境几乎没什么影响。 _______________ (assume) that there weren’t the hard work of the dustman, what can you imagine our city will be like? 假设没有清洁工人的辛苦工作，你想想我们的城市会是什么样子？ A lot of people make the__________________ (assume) that poverty only exists in the Third World. 许多人认为贫穷只存在于第三世界。 【答案】1. Assuming 2. assumption 4. respect　n．尊重；(pl.)敬意，问候 vt.尊敬，敬重；遵守 (教材P27)Lawyers help people and are respected by others.　律师帮助人们并受到他人的尊重。 respect sb./sth. for sth.　 因某事尊敬/尊重某人/物 show/have respect for... 对……表示尊重/尊敬 win/gain/earn the respect of... 赢得……的尊重 give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候 She has always been honest with me, and I respect her for that. 她一直对我很诚实，我因此非常敬重她。 I have the greatest respect for all of my teachers. 我非常尊敬我所有的老师。 The new teacher soon won the respect of his students. 这位新来的老师很快就赢得了学生们的尊重。 5.ignore　 vt.不理睬；忽视 (教材P27)(ignoring Grandfather’s words) Stop daydreaming! (不理会祖父的话) 不要白日做梦了。 ignore danger/facts　　　 不顾危险/事实 ignore one’s advice/mistakes 忽视某人的建议/过错 ignore traffic rules 无视交通规则 ignorant adj. 无知的；愚昧的 ignorance n. 无知；愚昧 I said hello to him, but he ignored me completely. 我向他问好，但是他完全不理睬我。 He ignored my advice so he failed in the game. 他无视我的忠告并因此输掉了比赛。 Some people always do everything they like, but are_________________ (ignore) of others’ feelings. 一些人总是做他们喜欢做的事情，而对他人的感受却一无所知。 That unsuitable remark exposed his __________________(ignore) of the subject. 那番不妥的言论暴露了他对这一话题的无知。 【答案】1. ignorant 2. ignorance 6. suit　 v．适合；合适；相配　n．套装 (教材P27)Yes, and you have found the career that suits your talents. 是的，你已经找到了一份适合你才能的职业。 suit sb.fine 很合某人的意；对某人很合适 suitable adj. 适当的；相配的；恰当的 be suitable for... 适合于…… be suitable to do... 适合做某事 As a student, you’d better choose the activities which interest you and suit you. 作为一名学生，你最好选择那些你感兴趣并适合你的活动。 It________________ (suit) me fine to see a movie this Saturday night. 对我来说本周六晚上看电影很合适。 It is difficult to find a____________________ (suit) place for a picnic in winter. 冬天很难找到一个适合野餐的地方。 fit 指大小、尺寸、形状合适，引申为“吻合” suit 指款式、需要、口味、条件、地位、衣着适合某人，使人看上去有吸引力，另外，用于比喻意义时多用suit I want to take this jacket because it fits me well and matches my trousers, though the colour doesn’t suit me. 我想买这件夹克，因为它很合身，而且和我的裤子很相配，尽管颜色不适合我。 学以致用 一、单词拼写 1. You should __________ (集中) all your energy on your study. 【答案】focus 【详解】句意：你应该把全部精力投入学习。情态动词 should 后接动词原形，固定搭配 focus on。 2. We all __________ (尊重) our teachers and value their advice. 【答案】respect 【详解】句意：我们都尊重老师，重视他们的建议。主语 we 为复数，一般现在时用动词原形 respect。 3. Never __________ (忽视) the advice given by your parents. 【答案】ignore 【详解】句意：永远不要忽视父母给你的建议。本句为祈使句，动词用原形 ignore。 4. There is a generation __________ (差距) between us and our parents. 【答案】gap 【详解】句意：我们和父母之间存在代沟。固定短语 generation gap，空前 a，填单数名词 gap。 5. Everyone must be __________ (负有责任的) for their own mistakes. 【答案】responsible 【详解】句意：每个人都必须为自己的错误负责。固定搭配 be responsible for，形容词作表语。 6. We __________ (庆祝) traditional festivals all over the country. 【答案】observe 【详解】句意：全国人民一同庆祝传统节日。主语 we，一般现在时，用动词原形 observe。 7. Social media has a great __________ (影响) on teenagers. 【答案】impact 【详解】句意：社交媒体对青少年有着巨大影响。固定搭配 have an impact on，填名词 impact。 8. I deeply __________ (钦佩) athletes who never give up. 【答案】admire 【详解】句意：我深深敬佩永不放弃的运动员。主语 I，一般现在时，动词原形 admire。 9. __________ (尽管) heavy pressure, he still keeps positive. 【答案】Despite 【详解】句意：尽管压力巨大，他依旧保持积极心态。despite 为介词，后接名词，句首首字母大写。 10. The report __________ (包含) many useful facts and details. 【答案】contains 【详解】句意：这份报告包含许多有用的事实与细节。主语 the report 单数，一般现在时用三单 contains。 二、单句语法填空 1.________ (obvious), the nice girl was taken in by what the young man said. 2. When I entered the room, I found him _______ ( seat) in an armchair, deep in thought. 3. The only approach to ________( solve) the problem is to improve the quality of our products. 4. Whenever you feel angry, taking a deep breath can help you calm ______quickly. 5.You" need to know or consider it at least twice before you jump in with both _______ ( foot). 6. With only 100 metres to go, Tom is _______ the lead so he is very likely to win the game. 7. I am beginning to feel embarrassed by my complete _______( ignore) of world history. 8. My mother is busy _______ her work so I'm afraid she has no time to go shopping with me. 9. His parents were proud ________ him for his winning the first prize in the competition last week. 10. Daisy doesn't have a talent for music, but she decides to make up _______ it with her hard work. 1.Obviously 2.seated 3.soving 4.down 5.feet 6.in 7.ignorance 8. with 9.of 10.for 二、完成句子翻译 . How I wish if ____________ by your side !我多么希望自己能够在你身边！ 2. ________________ made the teacher very angry.他再次迟到使老师很生。 3. We have every reason to ______________ our motherland.我们有理由为自己的祖国感到骄傲和自豪。 4. Hurry up! Here ___________________.快点!公交车来了。 5.____________________________,I can't go out with you.有这么多衣服要洗，我不能和你出去了。 6. 随着儿童节的临近，孩子们变得越来越兴奋。 _____________________________Children’s Day, children are becoming more and more excited. 7．只有你把注意力放在你的学习上你才能学好。 __________________________________can you learn it well. 8．他不喜欢和我们去购物，因为他只对玩电脑游戏感兴趣。 He won’t enjoy shopping with us,__________________________ playing computer games． 1.I were 2.His being late again 3.be proud of 4.comes the bus 5.With so many clothes to wash 61. With the approach of 7. Only if you focus your attention on your study 83. since he is only interested in 三、语法填空 Family is the most important part of our life. Different family members have different characters, which makes every family unique. Growing up in a harmonious family benefits teenagers a lot. Many teenagers face generation gaps with their parents nowadays. Some are stressed by parents’ high expectations and even quarrel with them 1. ______ (occasion). Some students raise their voices when arguing, which hurts family feelings. However, we should respect our parents and understand their love. They always try their best to provide us 2. ______ a better life. When we have disagreements, we should calm down first instead of being impulsive. Apologizing for our mistakes in time is a good way 3. ______ (repair) family relationships. We should take our parents’ advice 4. ______ (serious) and learn to communicate patiently. My parents never push me too hard. Instead, they encourage me to stick to my dream and devote myself 5. ______ my study. I am proud 6. ______ their tolerance and guidance. Family love influences us 7. ______ (enormous). It gives us courage to face difficulties. We should never judge our parents casually. With good family education, we can grow into responsible and 8. ______ (admire) people. A series of small warm moments make our family life wonderful. We should cherish our family and solve problems 9. ______ a positive way. Harmony at home lays a solid foundation 10. ______ our future growth. 答案： 1. occasionally 2. with 3. to repair 4. seriously 5. to 6. of 7. enormously 8. admirable 9. in 10. for 一、文章大意 家庭是人生中最重要的部分，每位家庭成员性格各异，造就了独一无二的家庭。在和睦的家庭中成长对青少年益处良多。 如今许多青少年和父母之间存在代沟：一部分人因父母过高的期望倍感压力，偶尔还会和父母争吵，争执时大声说话会伤害亲情。但我们应当尊重父母、理解他们的爱，父母总尽全力为我们创造更好的生活。产生分歧时要先冷静，不要冲动。 及时为自己的过错道歉是修复亲情的好办法，我们要认真听取父母建议，耐心沟通。作者的父母从不过度逼迫自己，反而鼓励坚守梦想、专心学习，作者为父母的包容与引导心怀感恩。 亲情对我们影响深远，给予我们直面困境的勇气，我们不能随意评判父母。良好的家庭教育能让我们成长为有担当、受人称赞的人。无数温暖小事让家庭生活格外美好，我们要珍惜家人，用积极的方式化解矛盾，家庭和睦为我们未来的成长筑牢根基。 二、答案解析 + 句意 1. occasionally 语法解析 括号内 occasion 是名词，此处修饰动词 quarrel，需要副词作状语；occasion 副词形式 occasionally，意为 “偶尔，有时候”。 句意 一些孩子因父母过高的期望倍感压力，甚至偶尔会和他们争吵。 2. with 语法解析 固定搭配：provide sb. with sth. 为某人提供某物。 句意 他们总是竭尽所能为我们提供更好的生活。 3. to repair 语法解析 固定结构：a way to do sth. 做某事的方法，不定式作后置定语。 句意 及时为自己的过错道歉是修复家庭关系的好方法。 4. seriously 语法解析 serious 是形容词，此处修饰动词 take，用副词 seriously；固定搭配 take...seriously 认真对待……。 句意 我们应该认真听取父母的建议，学会耐心沟通。 5. to 语法解析 固定搭配：devote oneself to sth./doing sth. 致力于，专心于。to 是介词。 句意 相反，他们鼓励我坚守梦想，全身心投入学习。 6. of 语法解析 固定搭配：be proud of 为…… 感到骄傲 / 自豪。 句意 我为他们的包容与指引感到自豪。 7. enormously 语法解析 enormous 形容词，修饰动词 influences 需用副词 enormously（极大地，非常）。 句意 亲情对我们的影响极大。 8. admirable 语法解析 admire 动词，此处和 responsible 并列修饰名词 people，用形容词 admirable，意为 “令人敬佩的、值得称赞的”。 句意 拥有良好的家庭教育，我们能成长为有责任心、受人敬佩的人。 9. in 语法解析 固定搭配：in a ... way 以一种…… 的方式。 句意 我们应当珍惜家人，用积极的方式解决问题。 10. for 语法解析 固定短语：lay a solid foundation for... 为…… 打下坚实基础。 句意 家庭和睦为我们未来的成长奠定坚实的基础。 $