Unit 2 Exploring English Developing ideas课文及词汇精讲讲义-2024-2025学年高一英语外研版（2019）必修第一册

本讲义聚焦高中英语语言的特殊性这一核心知识点，通过“Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple”等课文实例，梳理英语词汇构成、语义矛盾及文化差异（如英式flat与美式apartment）的现象，配套词汇表提供课标词汇、超标词汇及短语搭配，构建从现象感知到词汇运用的学习支架。 资料以趣味故事（如Yancy误解“frog in one’s throat”）和真实案例（Sophie混淆“first floor”楼层概念）为特色，助力学生在分析语言矛盾中提升语言能力，在对比英美表达中增强文化意识，在辨析语义差异中培养思维品质。课中教师可结合案例生动教学，课后学生借助词汇表及搭配示例巩固知识，查漏补缺。

高中英语外研版 高中英语外研版 必修一Unit2-1 Neither Pine nor Apple in Pineapple 菠萝中既没有松树也没有苹果 Have you ever asked yourself why people often have trouble learning English? I hadn't,until one day my five-year-old son asked me whether there was ham in a hamburger.There isn't.This made me realize that there's no egg in eggplant either. Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.This got me thinking how English can be a crazy language to learn. 你有没有问过自己为什么人们常常在学习英语时遇到困难？我之前没有想过这个问题，直到有一天我五岁的儿子问我汉堡里是否有火腿。其实没有。这让我意识到茄子里面也没有鸡蛋。菠萝里既没有松树也没有苹果。这让我开始思考，英语是怎样一门让人觉得疯狂的语言。 For example,in our free time we can sculpt a sculpture and paint a painting,but we take a photo.And when we are traveling we say that we are in the car or the taxi, but on the train or bus!While we're doing all this traveling,we can get seasick at sea, airsick in the air and carsick in a car,but we don't get homesick when we get back home.And speaking of home,why aren't homework and housework the same thing? 例如，在我们的空闲时间，我们可以雕刻一尊雕塑和绘制一幅画，但我们却选择拍照。当我们旅行时，我们说我们坐在车里或出租车上，但实际上是在火车或公交车上！当我们进行所有这些旅行时，我们可能会在海上晕船，在空中晕机，在车里晕车，但当我们回到家时，我们却不会想家。说到家，为什么家庭作业和家务活不是同一件事呢？ If "hard"is the opposite of "soft",why are "hardly"and"softly"not an opposing pair?If harmless actions are the opposite of harmful actions,why are shameless and shameful behaviors the same? 如果“硬”是“软”的反义词，为什么“几乎不”和“柔软地”不是一对反义词？如果无害的行为是与有害行为相对立的，为什么无耻和可耻的行为是相同的？ When we look out of the window and see rain or snow,we can say"it's raining" or"it's snowing".But when we see sunshine,we can't say"it's sun shining". 当我们透过窗户看到雨或雪时，我们可以说“下雨了”或者“下雪了”。但当我们看到阳光时，我们不能说“阳光照耀”。 Even the smallest words can be confusing.When you see the capitalized“WHO” in a medical report,do you read it as the"who"in"Who's that?"What about"IT"and "US"? 即使是再小的单词也可能令人困惑。当你在医疗报告中看到大写的“WHO”时，你会读作“谁”的“Who's that?”中的“who”吗？那么“IT”和“US”呢？ You also have to wonder at the unique madness of a language in which a house can burn up as it burns down,in which you fill in a form by filling it out,and in which an alarm is only heard once it goes off! 你也必须对一种语言的独特疯狂感到好奇，在这种语言中，房子可以一边燃烧一边烧毁，在这种语言中，你通过填写表格来填写它，在这种语言中，警报只有在它响起时才能被听到！ English was invented by people,not computers,and it reflects the creativity of the human race.That is why when the stars are out,they are visible,but when the lights are out,they are invisible.And that is why when I wind up my watch,it starts, but when I wind up this passage,it ends. 英语是由人类发明的，而不是计算机，它反映了人类的创造力。这就是为什么当星星出现时，它们是可见的，但当灯光熄灭时，它们就看不见了。这就是为什么当我给我的手表上发条时，它开始走动，但当我结束这段话时，它就结束了。 高中英语外研版 必修一Unit2课文2 Misadventures in English 英语中的不幸遭遇 Last week,our forum asked if you had any funny or strange stories about using English.We didn't expect to get so many posts!Here are some of our favourites,to remind us that some of the English we learn in the classroom is rather different from the English in the outside world! 上周，我们的论坛询问大家是否有关于使用英语的有趣或奇怪的故事。我们没想到会收到这么多帖子！这里有一些我们最喜欢的，提醒我们我们在课堂上学到的英语和外面世界的英语有些不同！ Yancy： People say that the British always play safe with what they eat.Not true!I went to a summer school in Manchester and my English teacher was called Maggie.One day,a different teacher took our class.He told us that Maggie couldn't teach that day COZ she had a frog in her throat.Poor Maggie-but why did she try to eat such a big frog? 扬西：人们说英国人吃东西总是很保守。不全对！我曾去曼彻斯特参加一个夏令营，我的英语老师叫玛吉。有一天，一个不同的老师来给我们上课。他告诉我们玛吉那天不能教课，因为她喉咙里卡了一只青蛙。可怜的玛吉——但她为什么要尝试吃那么大的青蛙呢？ Sophie： When I first visited New York,I went to a downtown shopping centre to buy some winter boots.At the information desk at the entrance,I asked a lady where the shoe section was.She said that it was on the first floor.So I went up to the first floor, but couldn't find any shoes.I decided to leave.When I was looking for the exit,I saw that shoes were actually sold downstairs on the ground floor,not the first floor.Why did she give me the wrong information? 索菲： 当我第一次访问纽约时，我去了一个市中心的购物中心买一些冬季靴子。在入口处的信息台，我问一位女士鞋子区在哪里。她说在第一层。于是我上了第一层，但是找不到任何鞋子。我决定离开。当我在找出口时，我看到鞋子实际上是在地下一楼卖的，而不是第一层。为什么她给了我错误的信息呢？ Julien： I've got an English penfriend,who I finally got to meet in London this summer.He had told me that his grandfather was "really wicked".But when I met his grandfather,I liked him a lot.I found it very odd.Why did my friend use a negative word about such a nice man? 朱利安：我有一个英国笔友，今年夏天我终于在伦敦见到了他。他曾经告诉我他的祖父是“真的很坏”。但当我见到他的祖父时，我非常喜欢他。我觉得这很奇怪。为什么我的朋友会用一个负面的词来形容这么好的一个人呢？ Zheng Xu： The British must have really high standards.I was part of a student exchange programme between a university in England and my university in China.I spent days preparing and writing my first English paper.I knew I had done a good job and was looking forward to getting a positive comment.When I got the paper back, I found my teacher had written the comment "Not bad!"Not bad?But there weren't any errors in my paper. 郑旭：英国人一定有非常高的标准。我曾参与一个英国大学与中国大学之间的学生交流项目。我花了好几天时间准备和撰写我的第一篇英文论文。我知道我做得很好，并期待着得到积极的评价。当我收到论文时，我发现我的老师写下了评语“不错！” 不错？但我的论文中并没有任何错误。 课标词汇序号 单元短语序号 超标词汇序号 单元 词汇及短语 音标 词义 常用搭配 71 B1U2 title /ˈtaɪtəl/ n. 题目，标题 job title n. 职称 She retained her tennis title for the third year.她第三年保住了网球冠军的头衔。 72 B1U2 ham /hæm/ n. 火腿 preserved ham 腊肉 ham sandwich火腿三明治 73 B1U2 sculpt /skʌlpt/ v. 雕刻，雕塑 sculpt lamp 造型灯 sculpt tools雕刻工具 74 B1U2 sculpture /ˈskʌlptʃər/ n. 雕像，雕刻品，雕塑作品 He collects modern sculpture.他收藏现代雕塑。 75 B1U2 opposing /əˈpəʊzɪŋ/ adj. (观点，意见等)相反的，相对立的 We were in opposing camps. 我们属于彼此对立的阵营。 76 B1U2 behavior /bɪˈheɪvjər/ n. 举止，行为 good behavior 品行良好；行为检点 individual behavior个人行为Listening is a polite behavior. 倾听是礼貌的行为。 77 B1U2 confusing /kənˈfju:zɪŋ/ adj. 令人困惑的 v.confuse The statement is really confusing.该声明确实令人困惑。 78 B1U2 unique /ju:ˈni:k/ adj. 独一无二的，独特的 unique style独特的风格 unique feature 特色；特性；独到之处 unique opportunity 唯一机会；极难得的机会 79 B1U2 alarm /əˈlɑ:m/ n. 警报器；闹钟 alarm system报警系统 fire alarm火警；火警警报器 alarm clock闹钟 The alarm went off at 7 o'clock.闹钟在7点钟响了。 80 B1U2 reflect /rɪˈflekt/ v. 显示，反映 reflect on仔细考虑，思考；反省；回想 reflect upon vt. 考虑（回想；回顾）We should all give ourselves time to reflect.我们都应该给自己时间来深思。 81 B1U2 creativity /ˌkri:eɪˈtɪvəti/ n. 创造性，创造力 adj.creative Becoming your own person releases your creativity.保持你自己的本色可以释放出你的创造力。 82 B1U2 visible /ˈvɪzəbəl/ adj. 看得见的，可见的 The sea was plainly visible in the distance.大海远远地清晰可见。n.vision 83 B1U2 creative /kriˈeɪtɪv/ adj. 创造(性)的 n.creativity creative thinking创造性思维 Let your imagination run wild and be creative.让你的想象力自由驰骋发挥创意吧。 84 B1U2 type /taɪp/ n. 类型，种类 What blood type do you have?你是什么血型？ 85 B1U2 unfamiliar /ʌnfəˈmɪliər/ adj. 不熟悉的，不了解的 She speaks no Japanese and is unfamiliar with Japanese culture. 她不说日语并且不熟悉日本文化。 86 B1U2 contact /ˈkɒntækt/ v. 联系，联络 contact us 联系我们；联络我们；联系方式 contact with 与…联系 in contact with 接触；与…有联系 87 B1U2 organization /ˌɔ:ɡənaɪˈzeɪʃən/ n. 组织，团体，机构 social organization社会组织 non-profit organization非营利组织 economic organization经济组织 88 B1U2 likely /ˈlaɪkli/ adj. 可能的，可能发生的 is likely to有可能… most likely最可能 less likely最不可能的；较少可能 89 B1U2 subway /ˈsʌbweɪ/ n. 地铁 subway station 地铁车站 take the subway乘地铁 subway system地铁网 by subway乘坐地铁 90 B1U2 gas /ɡæs/ n. 汽油 greenhouse gas n. 二氧化碳、甲烷等导致温室效应的气体 gas station加油站 91 B1U2 petrol /ˈpetrəl/ n. 汽油 petrol engine汽油发动机；汽油机；柴油引擎 petrol stationn. 加油站 unleaded petrol无铅汽油 92 B1U2 apartment /əˈpɑ:tmənt/ n. 一套住房，公寓套房 They live in an apartment uptown.他们住在市郊的一套公寓。 93 B1U2 flat /flæt/ n. 一套住房，公寓套房 The countryside is flat and featureless.这乡村一马平川，平淡无奇。flat tire爆胎 94 B1U2 context /ˈkɒntekst/ n. 上下文，语境 Skilled readers make use of context and prediction.阅读能力强的人会利用上下文及推测来理解文意。 95 B1U2 addition /əˈdɪʃən/ n. 增加物，添加物 in addition另外 ; 此外 ; 加之 ; 而且 in addition to sth.除 ; 另外 ; 以外 ; 加之 96 B1U2 resource /rɪˈzɔ:s/ n. 资料，(教学)资源 natural resource 自然资源 97 B1U2 misadventure /ˌmɪsədˈventʃər/ n. 事故，灾难 safety misadventure 安全事故 98 B1U2 remind /rɪˈmaɪnd/ v. …… 提醒，使……想起 remind sb of sth 提醒某人某事 99 B1U2 rather /ˈrɑ:ðər/ adv. 相当，颇 would rather……than rather than而不是；宁可…也不愿 would rather宁愿，宁可 or rather更精确地说，倒不如说 100 B1U2 comment /ˈkɒment/ n. 评论 1 comment on对……评论2 no comment无可奉告；不予置评；无意见3 general comment一般评论 101 B1U2 frog /frɒɡ/ n. 蛙，青蛙 The prince was turned into a frog by the witch.王子被女巫变成了一只青蛙。 102 B1U2 downtown /ˌdaʊnˈtaʊn/ adj. 在城镇中心的，在闹市区的 There is heavy traffic in the downtown area tonight.今夜闹市区交通繁忙。 go downtown到市区 103 B1U2 boot /bu:t/ n. 靴子 He got the boot for coming late.他因迟到而被解雇。There's a snake in my boot.我的靴子里有蛇。 104 B1U2 entrance /ˈentrəns/ n. 大门(口)，入口(处) the entrance to the park 公园入口 entrance examination入学考试 college entrance examination 高考；大学入学考试 entrance fee入场费 105 B1U2 section /ˈsekʃən/ n. 区域 in this section在这部分；本节内容 106 B1U2 exit /ˈeɡzɪt/ n. 出口 emergency exit 紧急出口，太平门The crowd made a mad rush for the exit.人群疯狂地冲向出口处。 107 B1U2 actually /ˈæktʃuəli/ adv. 事实上，实际上 adj.actual Coal is actually cheaper than gas.煤炭实际上比煤气便宜。 108 B1U2 downstairs /ˌdaʊnˈsteəz/ adv. 在楼下 go downstairs下楼 109 B1U2 odd /ɒd/ adj. 奇特的，古怪的 They're very odd people.他们那些人都很古怪。odd number奇数 110 B1U2 negative /ˈneɡətɪv/ adj. 消极的，负面的 negative effect负面影响 positive and negative正反；肯定和否定 negative influence不利影响；消极作用 111 B1U2 error /ˈerər/ n. 错误，谬误 Most of the problems were due to human error.多数问题都是人为错误造成的。 112 B1U2 intend /ɪnˈtend/ v. 计划，打算 intend to do 想要做；想要做某事What do you intend to do with the child? 你打算拿这孩子怎么办？ 113 B1U2 informal /ɪnˈfɔ:məl/ adj. (书写或言谈)非正式的 informal dinner便饭 informal education非正规教育 114 B1U2 recognize /ˈrekəɡnaɪz/ v. 认识，辨认出 I recognize my own shortcomings.我承认我自己的那些缺点。I recognize you. 我认出你来了。 115 B1U2 base /beɪs/ v. …… 以……为基础 n.basis base on基于，以……为根据；在……基础上 6 B1U2 eggplant * /ˈeɡplɑ:nt/ n. 茄子 Eggplant is a kind of vegetable.茄子是一种蔬菜。 7 B1U2 pine * /paɪn/ n. 松树 They tend to come from pine forests.它们往往来自松树林。 8 B1U2 pineapple * /ˈpaɪnˌæpəl/ n. 菠萝 The pineapple tastes very sour.这菠萝尝起来很酸。 9 B1U2 seasick * /ˈsi:sɪk/ adj. 晕船的 He got seasick during the voyage.在航行中他晕船。 10 B1U2 airsick * /ˈeəsɪk/ adj. 晕机的 I am feeling a bit airsick.我觉得有点晕机。 11 B1U2 carsick * /ˈkɑ:sɪk/ adj. 晕车的 Do you get carsick?你晕车吗？ 12 B1U2 homesick * /ˈhəʊmsɪk/ adj. 想家的 He felt homesick, but made a brave attempt to appear cheerful.他很想家，但却竭力表现得很高兴。 13 B1U2 capitalized * /ˈkæpɪtəlaɪzd/ adj. 大写的 Only the first letter of the sentence is capitalized, except for character names.除了角色的名字，只有句子的首个字母需要大写。 14 B1U2 highway * /ˈhaɪweɪ/ n. 公路 This is a smooth, strongly built highway.这条公路坚实平整。 15 B1U2 motorway * /ˈməʊtəweɪ/ n. 高速公路 He made a forced landing on a motorway.他迫降在了一条高速公路上。 16 B1U2 elevator * /ˈelɪveɪtər/ n. 电梯，升降梯 We took the elevator to the fourteenth floor.我们乘电梯到了第14层。 17 B1U2 forum * /ˈfɔ:rəm/ n. (因特网上的)论坛，讨论区 The Belt and Road Forum was held successfully in Beijing last month.“一带一路”高峰论坛上个月在北京成功举行。 18 B1U2 throat * /θrəʊt/ n. 喉咙，咽喉 Symptoms include a sore throat.症状包括嗓子疼。 19 B1U2 wicked * /ˈwɪkɪd/ adj. 缺德的，邪恶的；很棒的，极好的 She described the shooting as a wicked attack.她把那次射击描述成一次邪恶的攻击。 23 B1U2 burn up 烧毁，烧尽 The plane circled the airport to burn up excess fuel.飞机在机场上空盘旋以耗掉多余的燃料。 24 B1U2 burn down 烧毁 They threatened to burn down our house.他们威胁要烧毁我们的房子。 25 B1U2 wind up 给(机械)上发条；使(活动、会议等)结束 If we all agree, let's wind up the discussion.如果我们大家都同意，咱们就结束讨论吧。 26 B1U2 come across 偶然发现 This is the worst place I've come across.这是我到过的最糟糕的地方。 27 B1U2 have a frog in one’s throat (尤因喉咙痛)说话困难 I had a sore throat. I had a frog in my throat at that time.那时我嗓子疼，说话困难。 28 B1U2 be aware of 意识到，察觉到 Advanced students need to be aware of the importance of collocation.层次较高的学生必须意识到词语搭配的重要性。 29 B1U2 have trouble doing 做... 有困难 Many young people have trouble communicating with their parents.许多年轻人与父母沟通有困难。 30 B1U2 get... doing 一直做某事或者处于某状态 I wonder if Frankie could get this video working.我不知道弗兰基能否把这台录像机修好。 31 B1U2 in one’s free time 在空闲时间 He often studies English in his free time.他经常在空闲时间学习英语。 32 B1U2 speaking of 提到，谈到，说到 Speaking of music, babies can’t seem to resist it.说到音乐，婴儿似乎无法抗拒。 33 B1U2 wonder at 对... 感到惊讶、吃惊 I could only wonder at how far this woman had come.我只能对这名妇女远道而来感到惊讶。 34 B1U2 fill in/out a form 填写表格 You will be asked to fill in a form with details of your birth and occupation.你会被要求填写一张有关你的出生和职业详情的表格。 35 B1U2 human race 人类 I believe in the human race.我相信人类。 36 B1U2 play safe 谨慎行事，避免冒险 The bus might be early, so we'd better play safe and leave now.公共汽车可能会早到，所以为了保险起见我们最好现在就动身。 37 B1U2 spend time doing 花时间做 We are supposed to spend time listening to family members.我们应该花时间倾听家人的想法。 38 B1U2 look forward to doing (兴奋地)期待，盼望做 I look forward to hearing from you.盼望着收到你的信。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $