Unit 3 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading（分层作业）英语译林版必修第一册

**基本信息** 该同步练习通过A/B/C/拓展四级分层设计，构建从词汇基础到语篇应用再到高考衔接的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力培养与思维品质提升。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组巩固过关|核心词汇（短语翻译、单词拼写）、基础语法（单句语法填空）|聚焦新授课基础考点，如短语"损害……之间的关系"翻译，夯实语言能力基础| |B组能力进阶|句型转换（完成句子）、语法综合应用（语法填空）|通过"根据汉语意思完成句子"提升语言表达准确性，衔接基础与综合应用| |C组思维拔高|语篇理解（阅读理解）、逻辑分析（七选五）|选取社会话题语篇，如食物类APP介绍，培养信息筛选与逻辑推理能力| |拓展链接高考|高考真题题型（阅读理解、七选五）|采用2024全国甲卷真题题型，如"ARTS FIRST festival"阅读，实现日常练习与高考备考衔接|

分层作业 Unit 3 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading 一、选词填空 1．come between…and… 2．in person 3．high point 4．through thick and thin 5．in one’s opinion 6．get over 7．bring out 8．smooth out 9．be meant to do sth 10．take on 11．in full measure 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1. sought 2. apologizing 3. horrible 4. overlooked/ignored 5. original 6. recover 7. measures 8. respect 9. suffering 10. generous 三、单句语法填空 1. which/that 2. were chatting 3. loss 4. where 5. have taken 6. definitely 7. it 8. on 9. As 10. from 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1. is not equal to 2. get rid of 3. count on 4. pointed out company 5. at a loss 6. to smooth out 7. escape route 8. seek common ground 9. get over 10. show respect to 五、语法填空 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是艾米的友谊岌岌可危，所以她在一个论坛交流上写了一篇帖子来寻求建议。 1．on 考查介词。句意：艾米的友谊岌岌可危，所以她在论坛上发帖征求意见。此处是固定搭配：on the rocks意为“岌岌可危”。 2．have been 考查动词时态。句意：从小学开始，艾米，一个笨手笨脚的学生，和她的朋友珍妮，一个受欢迎和友好的女孩，已经成为了八年的好朋友。分析句子结构可知，be作本句谓语，根据时间状语for eight years可知，用现在完成时，主语是 Amyand her friend Jenny为复数。 3．horrible 考查形容词。句意：今天，艾米收到了一个可怕的意外，有人看到珍妮周六下午在咖啡馆和另一个女孩聊天。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，horribly的形容词形式是horrible。 4．hearing 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这话，艾米非常生气，不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。分析句子结构可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中的主语是Amy，时态用过去进行时，所以完整结构是when Amy was hearing this，当从句主语和主句主语相同，且谓语是be动词时，主语和be动词可省略。 5．terribly 考查副词。句意：听到这话，艾米非常生气，不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词修饰。 6．replies 考查名词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，reply意为“回复”，为可数名词，根据two可知，用复数形式。 7．which 考查定语从句。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是replies，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。 8．saving 考查非谓语动词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。此处是固定搭配：be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”。 9．an 考查冠词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。此处是固定搭配：make an apology for sb.意为“表示向某人道歉”。 10．explanation 考查名词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，explain的名词形式是explanation，根据an可知，用单数形式。 六、阅读理解 【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四款帮助人们选择健康且环境友好型食物的软件。 1．B细节理解题。根据第三段中“HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. (HappyCow是我遇到过的最方便的应用程序之一。你可以在任何地方，只要点击一个按钮，就能找到一家附近的餐厅，为不吃鱼和肉的人提供素食。)”可知，HappyCow适合不吃肉的人使用。 2．A细节理解题。根据最后一段中“EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. (EWG的食品评分是一个数据库，旨在让消费者做出更健康、更绿色的食品选择。)”可知，EWG的食品评分能帮助消费者做出更健康环保的食物选择。 3．D推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort.( 好吧，多亏了这些食物应用程序，你可以用最少的努力找到正确的食物。)”以及后面四段内容可知，本文主要介绍了四款与食物相关的软件，因此，文章的主要目的是推荐一些与食物相关的软件。 七、七选五 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章从善于观察、三思而后言、善于倾听、工作高效专注四个角度展开论证，反驳 “多数人渴望成为外向者”的普遍认知，强调内向者亦有独特优势。 1．C根据第一段首句“A majority of people desire to become the extroverts.(大多数人渴望成为外向的人)”和第三句“For example, quiet people are good observers.(例如，安静的人是很好的观察者)”可知，这是将外向的人和安静的人作对比，说明安静的人的优势。第一题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下原则，打破“外向优于安静” 的刻板印象，C项“实际上，安静的人也有他们自己的优势”，能引出下文举例内容。 2．A第二题在第二段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据这段话中的“Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(安静的人在开口前会思考。在与同事的工作讨论中，安静的男女很少突然发言，相反，他们会认真倾听。由于说话时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行真正的思考)”可推断，安静的人虽然说话不多，但他们会多思考，A项“少说话意味着多反思与多观察，因此他们不会错过太多”，与推断相吻合。 3．F第三题在第二段中间，根据它前面一句“With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(由于花在交谈上的时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行认真思考)”和后面一句“Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say.(因为他们用词极为考究，所以当他们开口时，仿佛整个世界都停下来聆听他们要说的话)”可推知，由于安静的人热衷思考，他们开口说话时更有可信度。本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人说话时具有真实性，F项“如此一来，他们便会花时间确保自己所言属实”，满足承上启下的功能。 4．B第四题在第三段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据下文“With their quiet, relaxed temperament(性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease.(性格安静、沉稳的人，往往是他人寻求建议时会找的倾听者，他们良好的倾听技巧和谨慎的言辞也备受尊重。此外，安静的人在与人相处时很少惹恼他人，他们常常能让别人感到自在)”可知，安静的人平易近人，B项“安静的人似乎平易近人”，与推断相吻合。 5．D第五题在第四段中间，结合它前面一句“Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long.(安静的人往往不会受到那些常常源于整日与人相处而产生的干扰)”和后面一句“It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus.(人们常常会看到一位安静的同事，独自在办公室里一待就是几个小时，专注地安静工作)”可知，安静的人工作不会分心，工作效率高，本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人能专注工作并取得成绩，D项表示“因此，凭借沉稳的专注力，他们能够收获丰硕成果”，与推断相吻合。 八、阅读理解 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。 1．C推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。 2．A细节理解题。根据文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。 3．B细节理解题。根据文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。 九、七选五 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。 1．F上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。 2．C根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一顿饭。”承接上文。符合文意。 3．E上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。 4．B根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。 5．A设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”符合语境。 2 / 3 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文 1．损害……之间的关系, 离间 ________ 2．亲自, 亲身 ________ 3．最有意思 (或最令人愉快, 最好) 的部分 ________ 4．不顾艰难险阻, 同甘共苦 ________ 5．在某人看来 ________ 6．克服; 恢复常态 ________ 7．使显现, 使表现出 ________ 8．清除 (问题), 克服 (困难)  ________ 9．注定要做某事, 应做某事 ________ 10．呈现, 具有, 雇佣  ________ 11．最大程度地, 最大限度地 ________ 【答案】 1．come between…and… 2．in person 3．high point 4．through thick and thin 5．in one’s opinion 6．get over 7．bring out 8．smooth out 9．be meant to do sth 10．take on 11．in full measure 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．I think it’s time we _______________(寻求) legal advice. 2．I don’t mind a________ to others if I make a mistake. 3．It is a ______ (可怕的) thing to see one person make another suffer. 4．I ______ (忽视) this problem, which resulted in great loss. 5．The land was returned to its o________ owner. 6．It took a long time for him to r_________ from a bad cold. 7．The government has promised to take immediate _______________ (措施) to help the unemployed. 8．The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional time for Chinese to show r________ and care for seniors. 9．He made a rash decision and now he’s ___________ (遭受，受苦) for it. 10．My uncle is very g__________ and he is always ready to help those who are in trouble. 【答案】 1. sought 2. apologizing 3. horrible 4. overlooked/ignored 5. original 6. recover 7. measures 8. respect 9. suffering 10. generous 三、单句语法填空 1．This is the pen I lost yesterday. 2．They (chat) happily when an unexpected visitor arrived. 3．What deeply depressed Beethoven was his hearing (lose). 4．You need to be aware that there are some cases this rule does not hold good. 5．Great changes (take) place in our city in recent years. 6．I think our climate is (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. 7．She finds difficult to get along with him. 8．Her face took a happy expression. 9． she walked along the street, she sang softly. 10．Everyone benefits regular exercise. 【答案】 1. which/that 2. were chatting 3. loss 4. where 5. have taken 6. definitely 7. it 8. on 9. As 10. from 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．需要指出的是与众人为伍不等于有朋友陪伴。 It should be pointed out that being in the crowd _________ having the company of friends. 2．空气中的雾霾把天空染成了烟灰色，还让我染上了久治不愈的咳嗽。 The smog in the air has colored the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a cough that I can’t _________ . 3．朋友是你可以永远依靠的人。 Friends are people you can ________ ________ forever. 4．需要指出的是，享受人群的陪伴并不等于和朋友在一起。 Finally, it should be _________ that enjoying the ________ of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 5．这个小男孩迷路时不知所措。 The little boy was ________________ when he lost his way. 6．尽管你付出了努力，但要消除这些问题并不容易。 Despite your efforts, it is not easy ________________. 7．这个聪明的罪犯非常仔细地规划了他的逃跑路线，持续数周， The clever criminal planned his ________________ very carefully over several weeks to avoid being captured by police. 8．在任何谈判中，求同存异而非只关注分歧是明智之举。 In any negotiation, it is wise to________________ rather than focusing only on disagreements. 9．我们必须竭尽全力克服所有的困难。 We must try our best to ________ all the difficulties. 10．我们应该尊重老人。 We should _______________ the old. 【答案】 1. is not equal to 2. get rid of 3. count on 4. pointed out company 5. at a loss 6. to smooth out 7. escape route 8. seek common ground 9. get over 10. show respect to 五、语法填空 Amy’s friendship was 1 the rocks, so she wrote a post on a forum to ask for advice on it. Since primary school, Amy, who was an awkward student then, and her friend Jenny, a popular and friendly girl, 2 (be) good friends for eight years. Whether they were walking to school,doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, they were hardly out of each other’s sight. However, Jenny broke Amy’s heart. They originally planned to watch a film last Saturday afternoon. But unfortunately, Jenny had a cold so that they didn’t make it. Today, Amy received a 3 (horribly) surprise that Jenny had been seen chatting with another girl in a cafe on Saturday afternoon. When 4 (hear) this, Amy was 5 (terrible) angry and at a loss, not knowing what to do next. On the forum, Amy got two 6 (reply), one of 7 says that this friendship is worth 8 (save), for her friend Jenny perhaps wants to make 9 apology for her behaviour and give Amy an 10 (explain). However, in the other reply, it is suggested that Amy should rethink this friendship and move on if this friendship is not equally valued. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是艾米的友谊岌岌可危，所以她在一个论坛交流上写了一篇帖子来寻求建议。 1．on 考查介词。句意：艾米的友谊岌岌可危，所以她在论坛上发帖征求意见。此处是固定搭配：on the rocks意为“岌岌可危”。 2．have been 考查动词时态。句意：从小学开始，艾米，一个笨手笨脚的学生，和她的朋友珍妮，一个受欢迎和友好的女孩，已经成为了八年的好朋友。分析句子结构可知，be作本句谓语，根据时间状语for eight years可知，用现在完成时，主语是 Amyand her friend Jenny为复数。 3．horrible 考查形容词。句意：今天，艾米收到了一个可怕的意外，有人看到珍妮周六下午在咖啡馆和另一个女孩聊天。空后是名词，所以空处应填形容词作定语，horribly的形容词形式是horrible。 4．hearing 考查非谓语动词。句意：听到这话，艾米非常生气，不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。分析句子结构可知，本句是when引导的时间状语从句，从句中的主语是Amy，时态用过去进行时，所以完整结构是when Amy was hearing this，当从句主语和主句主语相同，且谓语是be动词时，主语和be动词可省略。 5．terribly 考查副词。句意：听到这话，艾米非常生气，不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。空处修饰空后的形容词，用副词修饰。 6．replies 考查名词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。空前是动词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，reply意为“回复”，为可数名词，根据two可知，用复数形式。 7．which 考查定语从句。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。分析句子结构可知，空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是replies，在从句中作宾语，用which引导。 8．saving 考查非谓语动词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。此处是固定搭配：be worth doing sth.意为“值得做某事”。 9．an 考查冠词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。此处是固定搭配：make an apology for sb.意为“表示向某人道歉”。 10．explanation 考查名词。句意：在论坛上，Amy收到了两个回复，其中一个回复说这段友谊值得挽救，因为她的朋友Jenny可能想为她的行为道歉，给Amy一个解释。空前是冠词，所以空处应填名词作宾语，explain的名词形式是explanation，根据an可知，用单数形式。 六、阅读理解 Learn more about where your food comes from the next time you dine out… Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort. Seafood Watch was born out of the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Its primary goal is to help people eat seafood with less impact on the environment. It functions by helping you understand which types of fish are considered sustainable. For example, blue point oysters from Florida are considered a “best choice”, whereas Pacific bigeye tuna is rated “avoid”. HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. I’ve used this while traveling in big cities like Toronto or remote areas like St. Moritz. It also has a great recipe section if you’re in the mood for cooking. GoodGuide is a tool that rates food and other products on safety, health and moral principles. They take a look at the product’s ingredients(成分), its environmental impact and the company’s attention to labor rights and helping its community. Products are then scored from a low of 0 to a high of 10. The higher the rating, the better the product from a health perspective. EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. It was launched in 2014 and has ratings for more than 80,000 products. Their database rates foods on a scale of 1.0 to 10.0, with 1.0 being the best product, based on nutrition, ingredients and how it is processed. Since 2014, there have been over 32 million searches on the site. 1．Which app is best for someone who avoids meat? A．Seafood Watch. B．HappyCow. C．GoodGuide. D．EWG’s Food Scores. 2．What is a feature of EWG’s Food Scores? A．It helps people eat environment-friendly food. B．It focuses on social responsibilities. C．The lower the rating, the worse the product. D．The more nutritious the food, the higher the rating. 3．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To introduce knowledge about food. B．To encourage healthy eating habits. C．To advertise four green phone apps. D．To recommend some food-related apps. 【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。介绍了四款帮助人们选择健康且环境友好型食物的软件。 1．B细节理解题。根据第三段中“HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. (HappyCow是我遇到过的最方便的应用程序之一。你可以在任何地方，只要点击一个按钮，就能找到一家附近的餐厅，为不吃鱼和肉的人提供素食。)”可知，HappyCow适合不吃肉的人使用。 2．A细节理解题。根据最后一段中“EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. (EWG的食品评分是一个数据库，旨在让消费者做出更健康、更绿色的食品选择。)”可知，EWG的食品评分能帮助消费者做出更健康环保的食物选择。 3．D推理判断题。通读全文，根据第一段中的“Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort.( 好吧，多亏了这些食物应用程序，你可以用最少的努力找到正确的食物。)”以及后面四段内容可知，本文主要介绍了四款与食物相关的软件，因此，文章的主要目的是推荐一些与食物相关的软件。 七、七选五 A majority of people desire to become the extroverts (外向的人). 1 For example, quiet people are good observers. In such a fast-paced world, quiet people, with less time spent chatting, have more energy to observe situations and people. Ask a quiet person their thoughts on a situation or person, and you may be surprised to receive an extremely reflective answer. 2 Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak. 3 Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say. 4 With their quiet, relaxed temperament (性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease. Quiet people work on a more productive basis. Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long. 5 It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus. A．Less talking means more reflecting and observing, so they won’t miss much. B．Quiet people seem accessible. C．Actually quiet people have their own strengths, though. D．Consequently, they are capable of accomplishing a lot on their quiet focus. E．It is rare to see a quiet friend speak rudely. F．In this way, they will take the time to ensure what they are saying is true. G．Quiet people are more intelligent. 【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。文章从善于观察、三思而后言、善于倾听、工作高效专注四个角度展开论证，反驳 “多数人渴望成为外向者”的普遍认知，强调内向者亦有独特优势。 1．C根据第一段首句“A majority of people desire to become the extroverts.(大多数人渴望成为外向的人)”和第三句“For example, quiet people are good observers.(例如，安静的人是很好的观察者)”可知，这是将外向的人和安静的人作对比，说明安静的人的优势。第一题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下原则，打破“外向优于安静” 的刻板印象，C项“实际上，安静的人也有他们自己的优势”，能引出下文举例内容。 2．A第二题在第二段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据这段话中的“Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(安静的人在开口前会思考。在与同事的工作讨论中，安静的男女很少突然发言，相反，他们会认真倾听。由于说话时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行真正的思考)”可推断，安静的人虽然说话不多，但他们会多思考，A项“少说话意味着多反思与多观察，因此他们不会错过太多”，与推断相吻合。 3．F第三题在第二段中间，根据它前面一句“With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak.(由于花在交谈上的时间较少，安静的人有时间在开口前进行认真思考)”和后面一句“Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say.(因为他们用词极为考究，所以当他们开口时，仿佛整个世界都停下来聆听他们要说的话)”可推知，由于安静的人热衷思考，他们开口说话时更有可信度。本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人说话时具有真实性，F项“如此一来，他们便会花时间确保自己所言属实”，满足承上启下的功能。 4．B第四题在第三段句首，要满足主题一致原则，后文围绕它展开论述。根据下文“With their quiet, relaxed temperament(性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease.(性格安静、沉稳的人，往往是他人寻求建议时会找的倾听者，他们良好的倾听技巧和谨慎的言辞也备受尊重。此外，安静的人在与人相处时很少惹恼他人，他们常常能让别人感到自在)”可知，安静的人平易近人，B项“安静的人似乎平易近人”，与推断相吻合。 5．D第五题在第四段中间，结合它前面一句“Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long.(安静的人往往不会受到那些常常源于整日与人相处而产生的干扰)”和后面一句“It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus.(人们常常会看到一位安静的同事，独自在办公室里一待就是几个小时，专注地安静工作)”可知，安静的人工作不会分心，工作效率高，本题位于它们之间，要满足承上启下的原则，体现安静的人能专注工作并取得成绩，D项表示“因此，凭借沉稳的专注力，他们能够收获丰硕成果”，与推断相吻合。 八、阅读理解 （2024·全国甲卷）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B．It offers art courses for all ages. C．It presents recreational activities. D．It is a major tourist attraction. 2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures? A．Light Awash in Watercolor. B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C．Wheel Throwing. D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 3．What can you do together with Javier Marin? A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts. C．Visit a local museum. D．Feed invertebrates. 【文章大意】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了ARTS FIRST艺术节的相关艺术展览和艺术制作活动，并且邀请热爱的学生或社区成员加入。 1．C推理判断题。根据文章第一段的“We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making' activities.(我们期待着您的到来，我们将通过表演、艺术展览和艺术创作活动来展示哈佛艺术界的创造力。)”以及下文的四个小标题“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”；“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity(没有骨气的艺术家:无脊椎的创造力)”；“Wheel Throwing (投掷轮子)”和“Knitting and Pom-Pom Making (编织和制作毛绒球)”可推知，ARTS FIRST是提供娱乐活动的。 2．A细节理解题。根据文章“Light Awash in Watercolor (水彩中的淡光)”部分中的“Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880 — 1990: Into the Light. (与哈佛艺术博物馆材料实验室的专家一起了解水彩颜料的材料和质量。在即将到来的“1880 — 1990年美国水彩画：进入光”展览中，尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。)”可知，如果对画画感兴趣，可以参加Light Awash in Watercolor。 3．B细节理解题。根据文章“Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity (无脊椎艺术家：无脊椎动物的创造力)”部分中的“Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of History to learn how insects and other natural invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft materials. (和哈佛历史博物馆的Javier Marin一起学习昆虫和其他自然无脊椎动物是如何跳舞、启发时尚和创造艺术的。同时用手工材料制作你自己的无脊椎艺术家。)”可知，参与者能跟Javier Marin一起进行手工制作。 九、七选五 （2024·全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了，在饮食上注意节制及其如何节制的方法。 1．F上文“Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. (基本上，它意味着只吃你身体需要的食物，你应该在用餐结束时感到满足，但不要太饱)”指出，进餐时不要吃太饱，吃东西要适量。下文“But it doesn’t mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. (但这并不意味着要告别你喜欢的食物)”指出，适量进食不是要放弃吃自己喜欢的食物。F项“对我们许多人来说，节制意味着比现在吃的少。”解释了何为适量进食。承上启下，符合文意，选项中的“means”与下文一致。 2．C根据上文“Take your time. It’s important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. (慢慢来。放慢脚步，把食物看作是有营养的东西，而不仅仅是会议间隙吃的东西，这一点很重要)”可推知，本段主要建议读者吃东西要细嚼慢咽，不要过于急躁。C项“不要在上班的路上急忙吃下一顿饭。”承接上文。符合文意。 3．E上文“It’s more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. (如果你已经准备好了不健康的零食，比如饼干，那么适量食用就更具挑战性了。)”指出，吃不健康的食物不利于适度饮食，E项“相反，你应该选择健康的食物。”符合文意，建议读者选择健康的食物。选项中的“healthy”与上文中的“unhealthy”相对应。 4．B根据本段首句“Control emotional (情绪的) eating. (控制情绪化进食)”以及下文“Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom.(我们中的许多人也会求助于食物来处理不愉快的情绪，如悲伤、孤独或无聊)”可推知，本段主要建议读者不要情绪化的进行暴饮暴食，要进行健康饮食。B项“我们吃东西并不总是为了充饥。”指出有些人吃东西并不总是为了充饥，引出下文有些人通过食物发泄情绪，符合语境。 5．A设空处位于段首，总结全段，下文“A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day, Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14 — 16 hours until breakfast the next morning. (健康的早餐可以启动你的新陈代谢，而吃少量健康的食物可以让你一整天都精力充沛，避免在深夜进食。尽量早点吃晚饭，禁食14 — 16个小时，直到第二天早上吃早餐。)”指出，我们在一天中的每个时间段都要健康饮食。A项“全天合理饮食。”符合语境。 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 分层作业 Unit 3 Period 1 Welcome to the unit & Reading 目 录 A组 巩固过关 B组 能力进阶 C组 思维拔高 拓展 链接高考 1、 将下列短语翻译为英文 1．损害……之间的关系, 离间 ________ 2．亲自, 亲身 ________ 3．最有意思 (或最令人愉快, 最好) 的部分 ________ 4．不顾艰难险阻, 同甘共苦 ________ 5．在某人看来 ________ 6．克服; 恢复常态 ________ 7．使显现, 使表现出 ________ 8．清除 (问题), 克服 (困难)  ________ 9．注定要做某事, 应做某事 ________ 10．呈现, 具有, 雇佣  ________ 11．最大程度地, 最大限度地 ________ 二、根据句意及汉语提示写出单词 1．I think it’s time we _______________(寻求) legal advice. 2．I don’t mind a________ to others if I make a mistake. 3．It is a ______ (可怕的) thing to see one person make another suffer. 4．I ______ (忽视) this problem, which resulted in great loss. 5．The land was returned to its o________ owner. 6．It took a long time for him to r_________ from a bad cold. 7．The government has promised to take immediate _______________ (措施) to help the unemployed. 8．The Double Ninth Festival is a traditional time for Chinese to show r________ and care for seniors. 9．He made a rash decision and now he’s ___________ (遭受，受苦) for it. 10．My uncle is very g__________ and he is always ready to help those who are in trouble. 三、单句语法填空 1．This is the pen I lost yesterday. 2．They (chat) happily when an unexpected visitor arrived. 3．What deeply depressed Beethoven was his hearing (lose). 4．You need to be aware that there are some cases this rule does not hold good. 5．Great changes (take) place in our city in recent years. 6．I think our climate is (definite) changing and the greenhouse effect is quite obvious. 7．She finds difficult to get along with him. 8．Her face took a happy expression. 9． she walked along the street, she sang softly. 10．Everyone benefits regular exercise. 四、根据汉语意思完成句子 1．需要指出的是与众人为伍不等于有朋友陪伴。 It should be pointed out that being in the crowd _________ having the company of friends. 2．空气中的雾霾把天空染成了烟灰色，还让我染上了久治不愈的咳嗽。 The smog in the air has colored the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a cough that I can’t _________ . 3．朋友是你可以永远依靠的人。 Friends are people you can ________ ________ forever. 4．需要指出的是，享受人群的陪伴并不等于和朋友在一起。 Finally, it should be _________ that enjoying the ________ of a crowd is not the same as being with friends. 5．这个小男孩迷路时不知所措。 The little boy was ________________ when he lost his way. 6．尽管你付出了努力，但要消除这些问题并不容易。 Despite your efforts, it is not easy ________________. 7．这个聪明的罪犯非常仔细地规划了他的逃跑路线，持续数周， The clever criminal planned his ________________ very carefully over several weeks to avoid being captured by police. 8．在任何谈判中，求同存异而非只关注分歧是明智之举。 In any negotiation, it is wise to________________ rather than focusing only on disagreements. 9．我们必须竭尽全力克服所有的困难。 We must try our best to ________ all the difficulties. 10．我们应该尊重老人。 We should _______________ the old. 五、语法填空 Amy’s friendship was 1 the rocks, so she wrote a post on a forum to ask for advice on it. Since primary school, Amy, who was an awkward student then, and her friend Jenny, a popular and friendly girl, 2 (be) good friends for eight years. Whether they were walking to school,doing homework or just hanging out at the weekend, they were hardly out of each other’s sight. However, Jenny broke Amy’s heart. They originally planned to watch a film last Saturday afternoon. But unfortunately, Jenny had a cold so that they didn’t make it. Today, Amy received a 3 (horribly) surprise that Jenny had been seen chatting with another girl in a cafe on Saturday afternoon. When 4 (hear) this, Amy was 5 (terrible) angry and at a loss, not knowing what to do next. On the forum, Amy got two 6 (reply), one of 7 says that this friendship is worth 8 (save), for her friend Jenny perhaps wants to make 9 apology for her behaviour and give Amy an 10 (explain). However, in the other reply, it is suggested that Amy should rethink this friendship and move on if this friendship is not equally valued. 六、阅读理解 Learn more about where your food comes from the next time you dine out… Well, thanks to these food apps, you can find the right food with minimal effort. Seafood Watch was born out of the Monterey Bay Aquarium. Its primary goal is to help people eat seafood with less impact on the environment. It functions by helping you understand which types of fish are considered sustainable. For example, blue point oysters from Florida are considered a “best choice”, whereas Pacific bigeye tuna is rated “avoid”. HappyCow is one of the most convenient apps I’ve come across. You can be anywhere and with a click of a button, find a restaurant near you that offers vegetarian food for people who don’t eat fish or meat. I’ve used this while traveling in big cities like Toronto or remote areas like St. Moritz. It also has a great recipe section if you’re in the mood for cooking. GoodGuide is a tool that rates food and other products on safety, health and moral principles. They take a look at the product’s ingredients(成分), its environmental impact and the company’s attention to labor rights and helping its community. Products are then scored from a low of 0 to a high of 10. The higher the rating, the better the product from a health perspective. EWG’s Food Scores is a database created to let consumers make healthier, greener food choices. It was launched in 2014 and has ratings for more than 80,000 products. Their database rates foods on a scale of 1.0 to 10.0, with 1.0 being the best product, based on nutrition, ingredients and how it is processed. Since 2014, there have been over 32 million searches on the site. 1．Which app is best for someone who avoids meat? A．Seafood Watch. B．HappyCow. C．GoodGuide. D．EWG’s Food Scores. 2．What is a feature of EWG’s Food Scores? A．It helps people eat environment-friendly food. B．It focuses on social responsibilities. C．The lower the rating, the worse the product. D．The more nutritious the food, the higher the rating. 3．What is the main purpose of this text? A．To introduce knowledge about food. B．To encourage healthy eating habits. C．To advertise four green phone apps. D．To recommend some food-related apps. 七、七选五 A majority of people desire to become the extroverts (外向的人). 1 For example, quiet people are good observers. In such a fast-paced world, quiet people, with less time spent chatting, have more energy to observe situations and people. Ask a quiet person their thoughts on a situation or person, and you may be surprised to receive an extremely reflective answer. 2 Quiet people think before they speak. In a work discussion with colleagues, the quiet men and women hardly speak suddenly, and instead, they listen carefully. With less time spent talking, quiet people have time to really think before they speak. 3 Because they are so selective with words, when they speak, it seems like the whole world stops to listen to what they have to say. 4 With their quiet, relaxed temperament (性情), quiet people are often the ears that others run to for advice, and are also respected for their good listening skills and cautious words. Additionally, quiet people rarely annoy others in their presence and they often make others feel at ease. Quiet people work on a more productive basis. Quiet people tend to be free from the distractions that often come from being around people all day long. 5 It is common to observe a quiet co-worker, alone in his or her office for hours at a time working on the quiet focus. A．Less talking means more reflecting and observing, so they won’t miss much. B．Quiet people seem accessible. C．Actually quiet people have their own strengths, though. D．Consequently, they are capable of accomplishing a lot on their quiet focus. E．It is rare to see a quiet friend speak rudely. F．In this way, they will take the time to ensure what they are saying is true. G．Quiet people are more intelligent. 八、阅读理解 （2024·全国甲卷）Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community's artistic creativity. We invite you to join us for the coming ARTS FIRST. We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. The festival is a public event for Harvard and community members of all ages. Light Awash in Watercolor Learn about the materials and qualities of watercolor paint with experts from the Harvard Art Museums Materials Lab. Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists whose works will be in the upcoming exhibition of American Watercolors 1880-1990: Into the Light. Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity From webs to cocoons, invertebrates (无脊椎动物) create some of nature's most delicate and beautiful designs. Join Javier Marin from the Harvard Museum of Natural History to learn how insects and other invertebrates dance, inspire fashion and create art, while making your own spineless artists out of craft (手工艺) materials. Wheel Throwing Join instructors from the Ceramics Program and great potters from Quincy, Cabot and Mather Houses for demonstrations using the potter's wheel. Then create your own masterpiece! Knitting and Pom-Pom Making Join the Harvard Undergraduate Knitting Circle to make pom-poms and tassels out of thread, or pick up a pair of needles and learn to knit (编织). 1．What do we know about ARTS FIRST? A．It is an exhibition of oil paintings. B．It offers art courses for all ages. C．It presents recreational activities. D．It is a major tourist attraction. 2．Which program will you join if you're interested in drawing pictures? A．Light Awash in Watercolor. B．Spineless Artists: Invertebrate Creativity. C．Wheel Throwing. D．Knitting and Pom-Pom Making. 3．What can you do together with Javier Marin? A．Practice a traditional dance. B．Make handcrafts. C．Visit a local museum. D．Feed invertebrates. 九、七选五 （2024·全国甲卷）What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. 1 But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. Take your time. It's important to slow down and think about food as something nutritious rather than just something to eat in between meetings. 2 It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food, so eat slowly and stop eating before you feel full. Eat with others whenever possible. Eating alone, especially in front of the TV or computer, often leads to mindless overeating. And be careful about the foods you keep at hand. It's more challenging to eat in moderation if you have unhealthy snacks at the ready, like cookies. 3 Control emotional (情绪的) eating. 4 Many of us also turn to food to deal with unpleasant emotions such as sadness, loneliness, or boredom. But by learning healthier ways to manage emotions, you can regain control over the food you eat and your feelings. 5 A healthy breakfast can start your metabolism (新陈代谢), while eating small, healthy meals keeps your energy up all day. Avoid eating late at night. Try to eat dinner earlier and fast for 14-16 hours until breakfast the next morning. Studies suggest that eating only when you're most active and giving your digestive system a long break each day may help to regulate weight. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 4 / 8 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $