Unit 5 Power of Ideas Section B Grammar Focus课件 2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦被动语态语法，核心涵盖一般现在时、一般过去时及含情态动词的被动语态结构。课堂导入通过观看青藏铁路视频并回答问题，自然引出被动句实例，搭建从情境感知到语法学习的支架，衔接4a例句识别、语法定义与结构讲解、4b单句填空及4c语篇应用的学习脉络。 其亮点在于融合文化意识与思维品质，以青藏铁路为主题载体，在语篇填空中感受中国基建成就，培养家国情怀。通过观察总结语法结构、对比主动被动语态、三步解题法（判主被动、找时间定时态、变过去分词）提升学生逻辑思维，分层作业设计兼顾基础巩固与能力拓展。助力学生提升语言应用能力，为教师提供结构化、情境化的教学资源。

Unit 5 Power of ldeas Section A 4a-4c（Grammar focus） What changes can inventions bring to our lives? At the end of the class，we can ： 1. 观察 4a 例句，准确识别被动语态谓语动词，总结一般现在、一般过去时被动语态完整结构。 2. 独立完成 4b 单句填空，根据时间标志词正确变换 be 动词与动词过去分词，掌握被动语态解题步骤。 3. 读懂 4c 青藏铁路短文，结合语境完成语篇填空，熟练在篇章中运用被动语态，感受我国基建成就。 Learning Objectives Lead-in Watch the video and answer the questions. 1. When was the whole Qinghai–Xizang Railway opened to traffic? 2.Where was the Qinghai–Xizang Railway built? 3.What are the special pipes used for? 4.What must be done to protect the environment while building railways? 1. When was the whole Qinghai–Xizang Railway opened to traffic? 2.Where was the Qinghai–Xizang Railway built? It between . 3.What are the special pipes used for? They to keep the frozen ground hard. 4.What must be done to protect the environment while building railways? Many green measures to protect the environment. The whole railway . was opened in 2006 was built Xining and Lhasa are used must be taken 被动语态 4a Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. Grammar 被动语态的定义 被动语态中，句子主语是动作的 ，描述“某物/某人被……”。 原因： ① 想重点突出动词承受者的物品、发明、事物； e.g.he Qinghai–Xizang Railway is regarded as a world engineering miracle. 青藏铁路被视作一项世界级工程奇迹。（以铁路为叙述主体） ② 不知道、不需要强调动作的执行者； e.g. 33 wildlife passages were built along the railway. 33处野生动物通道沿路修建完成。（无需点明施工人员） ③ 科普、介绍物品、描述伟大工程等正式文本。 e.g. Many world records have been created by the Qinghai–Xizang Railway project.多项世界纪录由青藏铁路工程创下。（正式工程介绍） 承受者 Grammar 被动语态通用基础句型结构 1.基本句型：主语 + be动词 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) • be动词是 ，会有 等时态，be的 变化 随主语的变化而变化； • 所有被动句动词必须用 ； • by短语可省略。 2.否定句：主语 + + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) 3.一般疑问句： +主语 + 动词过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) 4.特殊疑问句： + +主语+ 动词过去分词 (+ by + 执行者) 小结：句型和时态的变化都由 承担。 助动词 一般现在时/一般过去时 单复数 动词的过去分词 be not 助动词Be Wh-词 助动词be 助动词be 对比区分： 主动语态：主语是动作的发出者 → People make toys.（人们 玩具） 被动语态：主语是动作的承受者 → Toys are made.（玩具 ） 制作 被制作 转化： People built the railway quickly.→ was built quickly. Can we use the new lock safely?→Can be used safely? The railway the new lock 被动语态的时态 1.一般现在时被动语态：结构：am / is / are + 动词过去分词 例句： A mini-camera （connect） to glasses. Toys （make ）by 3D printers. 2.一般过去时被动语态：结构：was / were + 动词过去分词 例句： The radio （invent）in the 1890s. Many bridges （build） in 2006. is connected are made was invented were built 3.含情态动词的被动语态结构：情态动词+be+ 动词过去分词 常见的情态动词： 等。 ⚠ 重点：be 永远用原形，不随时态变化 例句： Houses can be made by 3D printers. Tunnels have to be created. can/must/should/may/could/might/have to 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. 1. The telephone __________ (invent) by Alexander Bell in 1876. 2. People all over the world ____________ (connect) to each other through the internet. 3. The word “robot” _______________ (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. 4. It wasn’t supposed to make such a loud noise when the button __________ (press) to start the machine. 5. It is believed that the world’s oldest wheel __________ (find) in Eastern Europe. was invented are connected was introduced is pressed was found Tips： ①判主被动 ②找时间定时态 ③变过去分词 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai–Xizang Railway. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It __________ (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas ________ (need) to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes ________ (use) connects were needed were used to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to __________ (create) instead. In some other places, bridges __________ (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and ______ (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. As an important and successful project, the railway has __________ (increase) tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help __________ (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. be created were built allow increased improve Read and answer 1. How is the passage mainly organized? A. Problem → Analysis → Solution → Future plans B. Introduction → Challenges & Solutions → Significance C. Location → History → People → Environment 2.What were the main engineering challenges, and how were they solved? The frozen ground becomes soft when it melts in summer. Solutions: 1.Use pipes to keep the ground hard. 2.Build tunnels where the ground is too unstable. 3.Build bridges to raise the railway above the ground. 3. Why were some sections built as bridges instead of solid roadbed? 4.According to the text, how has the railway changed the region? ①The frozen ground is too soft to support a solid roadbed. ②Bridges allow animals to pass safely underneath, making the design animal-friendly. The railway has: • Increased tourism to the region. • Promoted economic development. The Qinghai–Xizang Railway The Qinghai–Xizang Railway was completed(完成) in 2006. It connects Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas were needed to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer(层；表层) of the frozen(冻硬的；冰封的) ground would melt(使融化) and become too soft to build on, so pipes(管道；管子) were used to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels(隧道；地下通道) had to be created instead. In some other places, bridges were built to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and allow animals to pass under the tracks. As an important and successful project, the railway has increased tourism(旅游业) and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained(获得；取得) from building this railway will help improve transport in other similar places in the world. Language points Language points 1. It connects Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres. 它连接了西宁和拉萨，全长1956公里。 词组：connect...to... 把……连接到…… e.g. Please ________ the screen ______ the computer.（请把显示屏连接到电脑上。） 2. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt.在夏天，冻土层的表层会融化。 词组：the top layer of ……的表层 e.g.____ ____ ______ ___the chocolate is sweet.（巧克力的表层很甜。） 3.The frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on.冻土层会融化，变得太软而无法在上面施工。 词组：too...to... 太……而不能…… e.g.The box is ______ heavy ______ carry alone.（这个箱子太重，一个人搬不动。） connect to The top layer of too to Language points 4.It was impossible to build the railway over the frozen ground, so tunnels had to be created instead.无法在冻土层上方修建铁路，所以只能修建隧道来替代。 词组：instead 取而代之；作为替代 e.g. I don’t drink juice. I drink water ______.（我不喝果汁，改喝水。） 5.These bridges are animal-friendly and allow animals to pass under the tracks.这些桥梁对动物十分友好，能让动物从轨道下方穿行。 词组：allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 e.g.Parents ______ us ______ play outside on weekends.（父母允许我们周末外出玩耍。） instead allow to Language points 6.The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help improve transport.修建这条铁路所吸取的经验教训将有助于改善交通。 词组：lessons learnt 吸取的经验、教训 e.g. We should value the ______ ______ from mistakes.（我们要珍惜从错误中吸取的教训。） 7.The experience gained will help improve transport in other similar places in the world.获得的这些经验将有助于改善世界上其他相似地区的交通。 词组：help (to) do sth. 有助于做某事 e.g. Exercise ______ (to) keep us healthy.（运动有助于我们保持健康。） lessons learnt helps Summary 定义：被动语态中，句子主语是动作的承受者，描述“某物/某人被……”。 一般现在时被动：am /is/are + done 一般过去时被动：was /were + done 含情态动词的被动：情态动词 + be + 过去分词 解题三步：①判主被动 ②找时间定时态 ③变过去分词 基础层：背诵两种被动语态结构；抄写 4b、4c 完整正确句子各 2 遍。 提升层：用一般现在 / 过去时被动语态各造 3 个介绍发明的句子。 拓展层：查找一项中国伟大工程，写 50 词小文段，至少使用 3 处被动语态 Homework null 242379.92 $