Unit 1 Section A Grammar Focus课件 2026-2027学年人教版初中英语九年级上册

该初中英语课件聚焦一般过去时、现在完成时和used to结构，通过河流清洁度、支付方式等生活实例导入，建立过去与现在的对比场景，帮助学生在语境中识别动词时态，搭建从感知到理解的学习支架。 其亮点在于以情境任务驱动语言能力提升，结合贵州交通变化短文渗透文化意识，通过对比表格、速记口诀和歌曲记忆法培养思维品质与学习能力，助力学生掌握时态运用，为教师提供系统高效的语法教学资源。

The Changing World Section A Grammar Focus Unit 1 通过本节课的学习，同学们将能： 1. 准确识别并圈出句子中的动词，区分一般过去时、现在完成时和 used to 结构的用法；运用目标时态完成对话和短文填空，描述场景与变化； 2. 在小组合作中梳理时态用法，自主完成基础与拓展任务；对比过去与现在的生活，培养逻辑分析与归纳总结能力； 3. 通过贵州交通变化的短文，感受家乡发展与国家建设 成就，增强文化自信。 The river was very clean and we could swim in it when I was a child. The local government has planted many trees, so the air here is much fresher. There used to be a lot of rubbish on the street, but now it is clean and tidy. Lead in People paid with cash or bank cards when they went shopping 10 years ago. E-payment has become a common way to pay for things in our daily life. People used to carry a lot of cash when they went out, but now they only need a phone. 4a Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses. He became a good friend of your grandfather about 20 years ago. They haven't seen each other for ages! We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. Our village has just built a new hospital. Many people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. 当我们描述过去的经历时，我们常常使用____________时态；我们还可以使用____________时态来表示过去发生的事对现在造成的结果和影响。 used to… 意为“曾经······；过去常常······”，表示________的习惯或状态，但现在已经不再发生或不存在。 一般过去 现在完成 过去 1) —Have you read Treasure Island yet? — Yes, I have. 表示过去发生或已经完成的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。 强调动作已经完成，并且与________________的状态或情况有直接关联。 2) I haven’t seen her these days. 表示动作或状态从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在,而且可能还要继续下去。常与____________＋时间段；____________＋时间点等时间状语连用。 语法精讲 现在完成时 1.意义 现在 for since 助动词have / has + 动词的过去分词 有规则构成和不规则构成两类。 规则构成： (1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“-ed” (2)以不发音的“e、ue”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“d ” (3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,将“y”变为“i”,再加“-ed” (4)“重读闭音节”结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母(w、y、x除外), 辅音字母前只有一个元音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“-ed”。 2.构成 动词过去分词的构成 Irregular A—A—A read—read—read put—put—put cut—cut—cut A—B—B think—thought—thought find—found—found bring—brought—brought lose—lost—lost meet—met—met teach—taught—taught shoot—shot—shot leave—left—left tell—told—told buy—bought—bought A—B—C choose—chose—chosen see—saw—seen go—went—gone do—did—done drink—drank—drunk take—took—taken A—B—A run—ran—run come—came—come 不规则构成： 一首歌曲帮你快速记忆 不规则变化的过去分词 (1) already, yet, just, ever, never, before, recently/lately(速记口诀：已刚曾未还，近来以前全)等， 这类标志词表示“已经、刚刚、曾经、还未”等含义。 (2) for＋时间段：表示动作持续了多久 或since＋时间点/从句：表示从某个时间点开始 so far/up to now/until now到目前为止 these days/in the past few years这些天/在过去几年里 (速记口诀：自从到目前，过去这些天) 这类词通常表示“从过去到现在”的时间跨度。 3.现在完成时的标志词 肯定句：主语 + have/ has + 过去分词+其他 否定句:主语+haven’t/hasn’t ( have/has not) +过去分词+其他 一般疑问句:—Have / Has+主语+过去分词+其他? —Yes,主语+have/has./No,主语+haven’t/hasn’t. 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词(不是主语)+have/has+主语+过去分词+其他 特殊疑问词(是主语)+have/has+过去分词+其他 4.现在完成时的句式 表示过去某个时间或某段时间发生的动作或存在的状态,也可以表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 谓语动词部分要用动词的过去式。 一般过去时 意义: 谓语动词形式 yesterday, the day before yesterday, …ago, …later, just now, at that moment, last…, in 2001, in the past, every day last year等。 标志词 12 过去某一特定时间，只能用一般过去时： 当句中有表示过去某一特定时间的状语时不用现在完成时,而用一般过去时。 Mike has played tennis yesterday (×) Mike played tennis yesterday . (√) 速记口诀: 昨天、前天、多久前，刚才、那时、去年间； 过去年份、过去里，往年每天都一般。 现在完成时表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果， 强调现在的情况（如现在的结果，影响,一直延续到现在等） 。 Past Present Future 一般过去时单纯叙述过去的动作或事情，强调动作，与现在无关 I saw Nezha 2 last night. （强调看的动作发生过了。） Past Present Future I have seen this film.(强调对现在的影响,我知道电影的剧情。) 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 标志词对比表 时态 意义 标志词 例句 现在完成时 强调对现在的影响 / 结果或动作从过去持续到现在，与现在强关联，无明确过去时间点 already, just, yet, ever, never, before, recently, lately I have already finished the work. or + 时间段，since + 时间点 / 从句，so far, up to now, in the past/last + 时间段 He has lived here for 10 years. 一般过去时 强调过去特定时间发生、已结束，与现在无关联，有明确过去时间 yesterday, the day before yesterday, …ago, just now, at that moment, last…, in + 过去年份，every day last year I finished the work yesterday. 速记口诀 现完：已刚曾未还，自从到目前； 一过：昨前刚那刻，去年某年前。 【即时练】 1.— _____ you ____ your math homework yet? — Yes, I ______ it an hour ago. A. Did; finish; finished B. Have; finished; finished C. Have; finished; have finished D. Did; finish; have finished 2.— When _____ you _____ to Hainan? — Last summer. I _____ there twice. A. did; go; have been B. have; gone; went C. have; been; went D. did; go; have gone 3.I _____ this book for three days, and I _____ the first five chapters. A. read; finished B. have read; finished C. have read; have finished D. read; have finished 4.She ______ in Shanghai in 2019, but she _____ in Beijing since 2021. A. lived; has lived B. has lived; lived C. lived; lived D. has lived; has lived 5.The movie ______ 10 minutes ago, and it ______ for 10 minutes. A. started; has started B. has started; has been on C. started; has been on D. has started; started B A C A C used to是一个固定结构，它的意思是“过去经常、以前常常”， 它的后面用动词原形，它表示过去存在某种状态或者过去的某种 经常性、习惯性的行为或者动作，并意味着这种动作目前已经不存在，所以它只能用一般过去时，不能用现在时态。并且没有人称和数的变化。 意义 used to 17 1. 否定句： 主语 + didn't use to do sth. e.g. Mike used not to study hard. = Mike didn’t use to study hard. = Mike usedn't to study hard. 迈克过去不努力学习。 e.g. —Did you use to go to museums? 你以前常去博物馆吗？ —Yes, I did. / No, I didn’t. 是的。/ 不是。 2. 一般疑问句：—Did+主语+use+to do…? —Yes, sb. did. / No, sb. didn’t. used to的句式 18 【即时练】 1. I used to ______ to school late,but now I don’t. A. go B. going C. be D. goes 2. He ______ practicing speaking English in the morning. A. used to B. is used to C. uses to D. is using to 3. Lucy used to go to bed late, _____ she? A. didn’t B. doesn’t C. hadn’t D. isn’t 4. —_______ new buildings ! I can’t believe it. It ______ a poor village. —Yes. Everything has changed here these years. A. So many; used to be B. So much; is used to being C. Too many; used to D. Too much; used to 5. Her son ______ Coke, but now he ______ milk. A. is used to drink; is drinking B. used to drinking; drinks C. is used to drinking; used to drink D. used to drink; is used to drinking A A A B D used to vs 一般过去时 used to do sth. 是一般过去时的一个特定用法,但不等同于所有的一般过去时。 核心区别在于是否强调 “过去的习惯性、重复性动作或状态”，以及 “现在是否已经停止”。 特征 used to do sth. 一般过去时 核心含义 表示过去常常做某事，但现在已经不做了。强调动作的持续性和现在的 “终结性”。 表示在过去某个特定时间发生过的、一次性的或持续的动作，不强调与现在的关系。 时间关联 必须与现在有联系，即动作在过去存在，现在已结束。 只与过去有关，动作发生在过去，现在可能继续，也可能已停止。 I used to play football when I was a child. (现在还在踢) I played football when I was a child. I used to play football yesterday. I played football yesterday. × √ × √ 当表达 “过去常常做，现在不做了”时，用 used to do。当表达 “过去某个时间发生的动作”，不管现在是否还在做，都用 一般过去时。 【即时练】 1.He ______ live in a small village, but now he lives in a big city. A. used to B. use to C. lived D. lives 2.I ______ to school by bike yesterday. A. used to go B. went C. go D. gone 3.She ______ like reading, but now she loves it very much. A. didn’t use to B. doesn’t use to C. not used D. used not 4.They ______ a great time at the party last night. A. used to have B. had C. have D. are having 5.My father ______ smoke a lot, but he gave it up two years ago. A. used to B. uses to C. smoked D. smokes 6.—Did you ______ play football? —Yes, but I don’t anymore. A. used to B. use to C. used D. using to A A A B B B 4b Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. A: ______ you ______ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I _____________ (not know) there was a new library. When did it ______ (open)? A: It ________ (open) last Friday. I ______ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ______ you ______ (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ______ ever ________ (visit). B: Oh, what ______ you ______ (see) there? A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. I also ______ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa __________ (listen) to some audio books because he can’t see well. B: Cool! I __________________________ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. Have been didn't know open opened went Did like have visited did see read listened will bring/am going to bring 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Why are local people richer and happier than before? In the past, it ______ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to ______ (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ______ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes ____________ (take) place. The government _________ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to ________ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people _______________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once _________ (be). was be made have taken has built take have improved were Because the transportation has been greatly improved and it makes it convenient for locals to develop economy. 一、用括号内动词的正确形式填空 1.My father _______ (work) in a factory 5 years ago, but now he has ________(become) a driver. 2.We ____________ (not see) each other since last summer vacation. 3.I _________ (use to) hate running, but now I do it every morning to keep healthy. 4.— ______ you _______ (visit) the new museum yet? — Yes, I _____ (go) there last Sunday. 5.The city ____________ (change) a lot in the past three years. There _______ (be) no tall buildings here before. Exercises worked become haven't seen used to Have visited went has changed were 二、单项选择 1.— Did you enjoy the party last night? — Yes, I ______ a great time with my classmates. A. have B. had C. have had D. used to have 2.My sister ______ play the piano, but she doesn't like it anymore. A. uses to B. is used to C. used to D. was used to 3.— ______ you ever ______ to the Great Wall? — Yes, I ______ there with my family in 2023. A. Have; gone; went B. Have; been; went C. Did; go; have been D. Do; go; went 4.The students ______ a sports meeting last week, and they ______ another one next month. A. have; will have B. had; have C. had; will have D. have had; had 5.— Why is Tom so good at English? — He ______ read English storybooks every day when he was in primary school. A. uses to B. used to C. is used to D. was used to B B B C C Homework 1.用 “一般过去时 + 现在完成时 + used to” 各造 2 个句子，描述自己的初中生活变化。 2.采访家人,记录 “家庭 10 年生活变化”,写一篇 80-100 词的短文,至少包含 3 种目标时态。 Thanks Lavf59.27.100 $