选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT(课时作业Word)-【高考领航】2027年高考英语大一轮复习学案（创新版）

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语阅读理解与七选五题型，通过典型语篇系统训练细节理解、推理判断等核心能力，融合语言能力与思维品质培养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（人物传记/事件报道/历史文化）|细节题定位原文信息，推理题立足文本逻辑，词义猜测结合上下文语境|按题型构建"识别-定位-分析"解题链，覆盖应用文、说明文等体裁| |阅读七选五|5题（成功特质主题）|关注段落主题句，利用逻辑衔接词（如also）匹配选项|以"主题一致-逻辑连贯"为核心，训练语篇结构分析能力|

限时规范训练(17) (建议用时：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分) A (2025·昆明联考)Penguin's Who Was? series tells the incredible stories of great figures in history. The following are four books about them： Who Was Princess Diana? A shy twenty­year­old girl stepped out of a horse­drawn coach and into the world spotlight. Although the storybook marriage didn't have a happy ending, Diana learned to use her fame as a way to champion charitable causes near to her heart. She became the People's Princess by showing care and concern for all people, including the homeless, the sick, and others in need. Who Was Charlie Chaplin? Charlie Chaplin sang on a London stage for the first time at the age of five. Performing proved to be his salvation, providing a way out of a life of hardship and poverty. Success came early and made Chaplin one of the best loved people in the United States. This is a moving portrait of a multi­talented man—actor, director, writer, even music compose. Who Was Jules Verne? Born in France in 1829, Jules Verne always dreamed of adventure. He began writing adventure stories as a young man and became a popular writer throughout France. Known for mixing scientific discovery and literature in his books like Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea and Around the World in 80 Days, Verne is often called “The Father of Science Fiction”． Who Is Ralph Lauren? Born in the Bronx, even as a teenager Ralph Lauren was known for his distinctive fashion sense, having a taste for both classic clothes and traditional looks like beat­up leather jackets. He got his start in the fashion business by selling ties that he designed. From ties he went on to create a global fashion empire. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章简要介绍了四本针对青少年的西方名人传记图书。 1．Which word can best describe Diana？(　　) A．Easy­going. B．Kind­hearted. C．Hard­working. D．Open­minded. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Who Was Princess Diana？一书的介绍可知，戴安娜王妃成为了人民的公主，因为她关心所有的人，包括无家可归的人、病人和其他需要帮助的人。故B项正确。 2．What played a main role in Ralph Lauren's business success？(　　) A．His special talent. B．His great ambition. C．His childhood experience. D．His educational background. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据Who Is Ralph Lauren？一书的介绍可知，Ralph Lauren十几岁时就以其独特的时尚品位而闻名，他既喜欢经典服装，也喜欢老式皮夹克等传统服装。由此可知他对时尚及时装有着独特的天赋。故A项正确。 3．Whose works should we read to develop imagination？(　　) A．Princess Diana's.　　 B．Charlie Chaplin's. C．Jules Verne's. D．Ralph Lauren's. 解析：C　细节理解题。根据Who Was Jules Verne？一书的介绍可知，儒勒·凡尔纳是著名的科幻小说作家，他被称为“科幻小说之父”。很明显，读科幻小说有助于我们培养想象力。故C项正确。 B (2026·杭州联考)No éclaircissement was needed after 13­year­old Faizan Zaki triumphed in the 21st round of the Scripps National Spelling Bee.The teen collapsed on the floor with excitement after correctly spelling “éclaircissement” and securing the national title—not to mention a trophy (奖杯) and $50，000.Zaki's win also coincided (巧合) with a major milestone: the 100th anniversary of the Scripps National Spelling Bee. When spelling the “M­E­N­T” in “éclaircissement”， Zaki, who comes from Allen, Texas, was understandably thrilled after coming in second place at last year's competition behind Bruhat Soma, who was 12 years old when he took home the trophy. However, his victory didn't come without drama—Zaki nearly lost in round 18 when asked to spell “commelina”. Zaki started saying “K­A­M” before stopping himself and telling head judge Mary Brooks to “just ring the bell”， which she did.Zaki got another shot after 14­year­old Sarvadnya Kadam misspelled “Uaupes” in round 20—paving the way for his win with “éclaircissement”． “Those last couple of letters, I was gasping for air，” Zaki said on “GMA．” “I was like hyperventilating with excitement.” Zaki's win was notable not only for the final word and the Bee's centennial, but also because it marked the first time in nearly 25 years that a former runner­up (亚军) returned to win the title.According to ESPN, the last person to do so was Sean Conley, who was the 2001 champion.Zaki and Conley are members of an extremely exclusive club with just five members total from the event's 100 years. The first National Spelling Bee began 100 years ago.However, Thursday's winner marked the 110th champion because there were eight winners in 2019 and two winners a few other times. Nine students, aged 11 to 14，faced off Thursday on the final night of the Scripps National Spelling Bee.The competition started with 243 young spellers who qualified after advancing through local and regional bees. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。13岁的法赞·扎基赢得2025年美国斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军，扎基的胜利恰逢一个重要里程碑：斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛100周年。 4．Why did Faizan Zaki collapse on the floor？(　　) A．He suddenly felt unwell. B．He intended to give up. C．He was only too nervous. D．He wanted to relax himself. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，法赞·扎基是在获得斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军后激动得躺在地上，由此可知他是想彻底放松一下，并以此特殊的方式来庆祝自己的成功。故D项正确。 5．Which word did Faizan Zaki misspell？(　　) A．Éclaircissement.　　 B．Commelina. C．Uaupes. D．Hyperventilate. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，在第18轮拼写“commelina”一词时，扎基错误地以“K­A­M”开头，裁判随即按铃示意错误。故B项正确。 6．What did Faizan Zaki and Sean Conley have in common？(　　) A．They finished as runner­up twice. B．They have won the championship twice. C．They rose from runner­up to champion. D．They became the champion on their first try. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，扎基是近25年来首次以亚军身份返场并最终夺得冠军的选手。据ESPN报道，上一位取得这一成就的是2001年夺冠的肖恩·康利。故C项正确。 7．What does the underlined phrase “faced off” in the last paragraph mean？(　　) A．Gathered. B． Emerged. C．Competed. D．Witnessed. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，本届全国拼写大赛最初有243名年轻选手参加选拔赛，最后这9名11岁至14岁的选手应该是于本周四晚在斯克里普斯参加决赛。故C项正确。 C (2026·河北五校联考)There are special moments in history when the world throws up a torrent of genius.Consider how, in a single century, the world saw Descartes, Leibniz, and Newton, not to mention Shakespeare, Milton, and Bach.Or consider how, in one generation, someone could hypothetically have met Bismarck, Queen Victoria, Marie Curie, and Edison. But all of this pales in comparison to what German philosopher Karl Jaspers called the “Axial Age”. It's here that we find the very origins of why we think the way we do today. Modern humans have been around for roughly 250，000 years, and we've lived in complex societies for at least 6，000 years.Then, within a span of merely six centuries, there was a huge explosion of thought.From roughly 800 BCE to 200 BCE, all of the major civilizations produced incredible people with incredible ideas. In Greece, we saw the likes of Socrates, Archimedes, Hippocrates, Plato, and Aristotle.In the Middle East, we got Jewish prophets like Isiah and Ezekiel, as well as Zoroaster in Persia.In India, we got the Buddha and the writing of the Hindu Upanishads.And in China, Confucianism and Daoism came into their own, as well as the famous Sun Tzu. Seen up close, these thinkers can seem about as different as chalk and cheese.What could Lao Tzu's Dao and Aristotle's Eudaimonia have in common? How are Yahweh and Brahman similar? For Jaspers, when you zoom out a bit and see these thinkers as a whole, there are remarkable commonalities to be found. The greatest of these is the move toward what's called “universalism”. Universal truths, universal religion, and universal morals.It's the idea that there are certain values and rules that ought to apply to everyone, everywhere, no matter the circumstances. The Axial Age was an era where empires expanded outwards to become huge, both in terms of size and population.It was a time of the Persian and Carthaginian empires, the Roman Republic, and the Zhou Dynasty.This means several important things happened. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。“轴心时代”这一概念由德国哲学家卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯(Karl Jaspers)提出，它指大约公元前800年至公元前200年之间的一段历史时期，是人类文明发展的一个重要阶段。 8．What does the underlined word“pales” in paragraph 2 mean？(　　) A．Becomes more obvious. B．Becomes less important. C．Becomes less interesting. D．Becomes more influential. 解析：B　词义猜测题。根据下句“It's here that we find the very origins of why we think the way we do today.”可知，作者对下文提到的“轴心时代”的人物评价更高。也就是说，第一段提到的这些人物比起“轴心时代”的先哲们就相形见绌了。故B项正确。 9．What was the Axial Age mainly about？(　　) A．Great thoughts. B．Political campaigns. C．Scientific achievements. D．Geographic discoveries. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“From roughly ...incredible ideas.”可知，“轴心时代”的最大特点是诞生了很多伟大先哲以及他们的杰出思想。故A项正确。 10．What does Jaspers try to stress about these great thinkers？(　　) A．The similarity of their ideas. B．The difference between them. C．The diversity of their thoughts. D．The significance of their contributions. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第五段中“For Jaspers, when you...remarkable commonalities to be found.”可知，Jaspers重点强调了这些“轴心时代”伟大先哲们思想的共同之处。故A项正确。 11．What will the author continue talking about in the paragraphs that follow？(　　) A．The problems with the Axial Age. B．The great influence of the Axial Age. C．The historical background of the Axial Age. D．The representative figures of the Axial Age. 解析：C　推理判断题。最后一段作者提到了“轴心时代”的背景——波斯帝国、迦太基帝国、罗马共和国和周朝；根据“This means several important things happened.”可知，下文可能会详细讲述这一时期发生的事。故C项正确。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分) (2026·合肥质检)For nearly a decade, I've interviewed scores of high achievers, from astronauts to Olympic gold medalists to Nobel Prize winners.What was revealing is that all high achievers had four things in common. ·Tap into your intrinsic (内在的) motivation. 1 Getting to the “why” behind your career choice is critical, as it will help you get in touch with your deepest motivations, block out distractions, and potentially adjust with your current path.For the highest achievers, it's not about the medals, rewards, or promotions.They all told me that they loved what they do, could not imagine another path, and would do it for free if they could. ·Get comfortable with failure. Some people fear failing, while others fear succeeding. 2 For them, it's not a question of if they can overcome a challenge; the focus is always on how they can.They consider alternative strategies and work fiercely to control what they can control, and ignore distractions. ·Reinforce your foundation. Despite all of their achievements, high achievers never rest on their honours.Even if they've done a task or routine countless times, they still work on the basic skills foundational to their current—and future—success. 3 It's also the strategy marathon runners use when they train in high altitudes so that running the race in normal conditions feels easier. · 4 The high achievers I spoke with are continuously open to learning, although it is rarely in the classroom.Many of the Nobel Prize winners I spoke to were also inspired as a result of their openness and curiosity.Several shared that their breakthrough ideas occurred through casual conversations with colleagues in cafeterias and laundry rooms.Conference lectures, coffee breaks and group meals are not just for building your network. 5 A．Become a lifelong learner. B．Be the best whatever you do. C．It's where new ideas take root and develop. D．Why did you enter your chosen profession? E．High achievers fear “not trying” more than they fear failing. F．In the military, people are similarly told to “train hard, fight easy”． G．What should we do to realize our dreams and live a life without regret? 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们都渴望成功，可是，你知道那些取得巨大成功者具备哪些特质吗？ 1．解析：D　本段在谈论我们从事一个行业的内在动力，另外结合下句中出现的“Getting to the ‘why’”可知，上句应该是一个由“why”引起的问句。故D项符合语境。 2．解析：E　本段建议我们要坦然面对失败，E项符合语境，说明取得巨大成就者不惧怕失败，而害怕未曾尝试。 3．解析：F　根据下句中的“It's also the strategy marathon runners use”可知，上句提到了一种策略，因此F项符合语境。F项表达的意思是：平时训练刻苦一些，战场上打仗就轻松一些。 4．解析：A　本段主要告诉我们应该保持开放的心态和持久的好奇心，不断坚持学习，因此A项适合作为本段小标题。 5．解析：C　上文指出，我们应该利用一切场合和机会去学习，包括会议报告、茶点时间以及聚餐场合等，这些都是好创意诞生的时刻。故C项符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $