选择性必修第一册 UNIT 1 PEOPLE OF ACHIEVEMENT(课时作业Word)-【高考领航】2027年高考英语大一轮复习学案

**基本信息** 聚焦高考英语阅读核心题型，通过分类解析构建“题型-方法-逻辑”三维训练体系，强化细节理解、推理判断等关键能力，提升语言理解与思维分析素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|8题（含细节、推理、词义猜测等）|细节题定位原文、推理题分析隐含信息、词义猜测题语境推断|不同主题语篇（AI、历史等）与题型方法对应，形成“定位-分析-推断”解题链条| |阅读七选五|5题（逻辑衔接）|上下文逻辑匹配、段落主旨衔接|段落结构与信息补全的逻辑链条，强化语篇连贯思维|

限时规范训练(17) (建议用时：30分钟　满分：40分) Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分) A Here are some of the upcoming events of Human-centered Artificial Intelligence (HAI) at Stanford University. Privacy and the Power of Unknowing Lowry Pressly April 9 12：00 p．m.－1：15 p．m. In an era when information is treated as a form of power and self-knowledge an unqualified good, the value of what remains unknown is often overlooked.By rethinking privacy beyond the framework of data protection, Pressly challenges us to reclaim the social, psychological and political importance of limits to knowledge—and to better appreciate the power of the unknown to sustain the human world as a meaningful and livable space. Robotics in a Human-centered World: Innovations and Implications Allison Okamura, Dorsa Sadigh and Karen Liu April 1 8：30 a．m.－6：30 p．m. The conference will give you a deeper understanding of how researchers, engineers, social scientists and policymakers can work together for the development of robotics.This year, HAI is also working with the Stanford Robotics Center to bring interactive robot demonstrations. Synthetic (合成的) Data Sets: Use Cases for the Financial Industry Erik Altman May 7 12：00 p．m.－1：15 p．m. International Business Machine (IBM) Synthetic Data Sets (SDS) have been created for use cases in the financial industry.One key focus is fraud (诈骗) and criminal activity, whose cost runs into the hundreds of billions of dollars per year or more.SDS labels many of these criminal activities, including credit card fraud, check fraud, and insurance claims fraud.SDS data provides an attractive foundation for training AI detection models. Beyond Benchmarks: Building a Science of AI Measurement Sanmi Koyejo March 19 12：00 p．m.－1：15 p．m. The widespread use of AI systems in critical domains demands stricter approaches to evaluating their capabilities and safety.This talk presents a path toward a measurement framework that bridges established psychometric principles with modern AI evaluation needs.Through case studies in safety assessment and capability measurement, we show how this approach can enable more reliable, scalable and meaningful evaluation of AI systems. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了几个斯坦福大学以人为中心的人工智能活动。 1．When can participants enjoy interactive robot demonstrations？(　　) A．On March 19.　　 B．On April 1. C．On April 9. D．On May 7. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据Robotics in a Human-centered World: Innovations and Implications部分中“This year, HAI is also working...robot demonstrations.”可知，该活动对应的日期为April 1 8：30 a．m.－6：30 p．m.，即参与者可以在四月一日享受交互式机器人演示。故选B。 2．Who are most likely to be attracted by Erik Altman's speech？(　　) A．Those dreaming to be educators. B．Those interested in industrial robots. C．Those caring about financial security. D．Those eager to improve public health. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据Synthetic (合成的) Data Sets: Use Cases for the Financial Industry部分中内容可知，Erik Altman的演讲聚焦金融行业的合成数据集与诈骗检测，关心金融安全的人最可能被吸引。故选C。 3．What is the main purpose of Sanmi Koyejo's lecture？(　　) A．To lower AI development costs. B．To speed up AI testing processes. C．To compare old evaluation methods. D．To explore how to better assess AI systems. 解析：D　写作意图题。根据Beyond Benchmarks: Building a Science of AI Measurement部分中“This talk presents a path toward a measurement framework that...we show how this approach can enable more reliable, scalable and meaningful evaluation of AI systems.”可知，Sanmi Koyejo演讲的主要目的是探索如何更好地评估AI系统。故选D。 B (2026·杭州联考)No éclaircissement was needed after 13-year-old Faizan Zaki triumphed in the 21st round of the Scripps National Spelling Bee.The teen collapsed on the floor with excitement after correctly spelling “éclaircissement” and securing the national title—not to mention a trophy (奖杯) and $50，000.Zaki's win also coincided (巧合) with a major milestone: the 100th anniversary of the Scripps National Spelling Bee. When spelling the “M-E-N-T” in “éclaircissement”， Zaki, who comes from Allen, Texas, was understandably thrilled after coming in second place at last year's competition behind Bruhat Soma, who was 12 years old when he took home the trophy. However, his victory didn't come without drama—Zaki nearly lost in round 18 when asked to spell “commelina”. Zaki started saying “K-A-M” before stopping himself and telling head judge Mary Brooks to “just ring the bell”， which she did.Zaki got another shot after 14-year-old Sarvadnya Kadam misspelled “Uaupes” in round 20—paving the way for his win with “éclaircissement”． “Those last couple of letters, I was gasping for air，” Zaki said on “GMA.” “I was like hyperventilating with excitement.” Zaki's win was notable not only for the final word and the Bee's centennial, but also because it marked the first time in nearly 25 years that a former runner-up (亚军) returned to win the title.According to ESPN, the last person to do so was Sean Conley, who was the 2001 champion.Zaki and Conley are members of an extremely exclusive club with just five members total from the event's 100 years. The first National Spelling Bee began 100 years ago.However, Thursday's winner marked the 110th champion because there were eight winners in 2019 and two winners a few other times. Nine students, aged 11 to 14，faced off Thursday on the final night of the Scripps National Spelling Bee.The competition started with 243 young spellers who qualified after advancing through local and regional bees. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。13岁的法赞·扎基赢得2025年美国斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军，扎基的胜利恰逢一个重要里程碑：斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛100周年。 4．Why did Faizan Zaki collapse on the floor？(　　) A．He suddenly felt unwell. B．He intended to give up. C．He was only too nervous. D．He wanted to relax himself. 解析：D　推理判断题。根据第一段可知，法赞·扎基是在获得斯克里普斯全国拼写大赛冠军后激动得躺在地上，由此可知他是想彻底放松一下，并以此特殊的方式来庆祝自己的成功。故D项正确。 5．Which word did Faizan Zaki misspell？(　　) A．Éclaircissement.　 B．Commelina. C．Uaupes. D．Hyperventilate. 解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，在第18轮拼写“commelina”一词时，扎基错误地以“K-A-M”开头，裁判随即按铃示意错误。故B项正确。 6．What did Faizan Zaki and Sean Conley have in common？(　　) A．They finished as runner-up twice. B．They have won the championship twice. C．They rose from runner-up to champion. D．They became the champion on their first try. 解析：C　推理判断题。根据第五段可知，扎基是近25年来首次以亚军身份返场并最终夺得冠军的选手。据ESPN报道，上一位取得这一成就的是2001年夺冠的肖恩·康利。故C项正确。 7．What does the underlined phrase “faced off” in the last paragraph mean？(　　) A．Gathered. B．Emerged. C．Competed. D．Witnessed. 解析：C　词义猜测题。根据最后一段可知，本届全国拼写大赛最初有243名年轻选手参加选拔赛，最后这9名11岁至14岁的选手应该是于本周四晚在斯克里普斯参加决赛。故C项正确。 C (2026·河北五校联考)There are special moments in history when the world throws up a torrent of genius.Consider how, in a single century, the world saw Descartes, Leibniz, and Newton, not to mention Shakespeare, Milton, and Bach.Or consider how, in one generation, someone could hypothetically have met Bismarck, Queen Victoria, Marie Curie, and Edison. But all of this pales in comparison to what German philosopher Karl Jaspers called the “Axial Age”. It's here that we find the very origins of why we think the way we do today. Modern humans have been around for roughly 250，000 years, and we've lived in complex societies for at least 6，000 years.Then, within a span of merely six centuries, there was a huge explosion of thought.From roughly 800 BCE to 200 BCE, all of the major civilizations produced incredible people with incredible ideas. In Greece, we saw the likes of Socrates, Archimedes, Hippocrates, Plato, and Aristotle.In the Middle East, we got Jewish prophets like Isiah and Ezekiel, as well as Zoroaster in Persia.In India, we got the Buddha and the writing of the Hindu Upanishads.And in China, Confucianism and Daoism came into their own, as well as the famous Sun Tzu. Seen up close, these thinkers can seem about as different as chalk and cheese.What could Lao Tzu's Dao and Aristotle's Eudaimonia have in common? How are Yahweh and Brahman similar? For Jaspers, when you zoom out a bit and see these thinkers as a whole, there are remarkable commonalities to be found. The greatest of these is the move toward what's called “universalism”. Universal truths, universal religion, and universal morals.It's the idea that there are certain values and rules that ought to apply to everyone, everywhere, no matter the circumstances. The Axial Age was an era where empires expanded outwards to become huge, both in terms of size and population.It was a time of the Persian and Carthaginian empires, the Roman Republic, and the Zhou Dynasty.This means several important things happened. 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。“轴心时代”这一概念由德国哲学家卡尔·雅斯贝尔斯(Karl Jaspers)提出，它指大约公元前800年至公元前200年之间的一段历史时期，是人类文明发展的一个重要阶段。 8．What does the underlined word“pales” in paragraph 2 mean？(　　) A．Becomes more obvious. B．Becomes less important. C．Becomes less interesting. D．Becomes more influential. 解析：B　词义猜测题。根据下句“It's here that we find the very origins of why we think the way we do today.”可知，作者对下文提到的“轴心时代”的人物评价更高。也就是说，第一段提到的这些人物比起“轴心时代”的先哲们就相形见绌了。故B项正确。 9．What was the Axial Age mainly about？(　　) A．Great thoughts. B．Political campaigns. C．Scientific achievements. D．Geographic discoveries. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“From roughly ...incredible ideas.”可知，“轴心时代”的最大特点是诞生了很多伟大先哲以及他们的杰出思想。故A项正确。 10．What does Jaspers try to stress about these great thinkers？(　　) A．The similarity of their ideas. B．The difference between them. C．The diversity of their thoughts. D．The significance of their contributions. 解析：A　细节理解题。根据第五段中“For Jaspers, when you...remarkable commonalities to be found.”可知，Jaspers重点强调了这些“轴心时代”伟大先哲们思想的共同之处。故A项正确。 11．What will the author continue talking about in the paragraphs that follow？(　　) A．The problems with the Axial Age. B．The great influence of the Axial Age. C．The historical background of the Axial Age. D．The representative figures of the Axial Age. 解析：C　推理判断题。最后一段作者提到了“轴心时代”的背景——波斯帝国、迦太基帝国、罗马共和国和周朝；根据“This means several important things happened.”可知，下文可能会详细讲述这一时期发生的事。故C项正确。 Ⅱ.阅读七选五(每小题2.5分) (2026·合肥质检)For nearly a decade, I've interviewed scores of high achievers, from astronauts to Olympic gold medalists to Nobel Prize winners.What was revealing is that all high achievers had four things in common. ·Tap into your intrinsic (内在的) motivation. __1__ Getting to the “why” behind your career choice is critical, as it will help you get in touch with your deepest motivations, block out distractions, and potentially adjust with your current path.For the highest achievers, it's not about the medals, rewards, or promotions.They all told me that they loved what they do, could not imagine another path, and would do it for free if they could. ·Get comfortable with failure. Some people fear failing, while others fear succeeding.__2__ For them, it's not a question of if they can overcome a challenge; the focus is always on how they can.They consider alternative strategies and work fiercely to control what they can control, and ignore distractions. ·Reinforce your foundation. Despite all of their achievements, high achievers never rest on their honours.Even if they've done a task or routine countless times, they still work on the basic skills foundational to their current—and future—success.__3__ It's also the strategy marathon runners use when they train in high altitudes so that running the race in normal conditions feels easier. ·__4__ The high achievers I spoke with are continuously open to learning, although it is rarely in the classroom.Many of the Nobel Prize winners I spoke to were also inspired as a result of their openness and curiosity.Several shared that their breakthrough ideas occurred through casual conversations with colleagues in cafeterias and laundry rooms.Conference lectures, coffee breaks and group meals are not just for building your network.__5__ A．Become a lifelong learner. B．Be the best whatever you do. C．It's where new ideas take root and develop. D．Why did you enter your chosen profession? E．High achievers fear “not trying” more than they fear failing. F．In the military, people are similarly told to “train hard, fight easy”． G．What should we do to realize our dreams and live a life without regret? 【语篇解读】　本文是一篇说明文。我们都渴望成功，可是，你知道那些取得巨大成功者具备哪些特质吗？ 1．解析：D　本段在谈论我们从事一个行业的内在动力，另外结合下句中出现的“Getting to the ‘why’”可知，上句应该是一个由“why”引起的问句。故D项符合语境。 2．解析：E　本段建议我们要坦然面对失败，E项符合语境，说明取得巨大成就者不惧怕失败，而害怕未曾尝试。 3．解析：F　根据下句中的“It's also the strategy marathon runners use”可知，上句提到了一种策略，因此F项符合语境。F项表达的意思是：平时训练刻苦一些，战场上打仗就轻松一些。 4．解析：A　本段主要告诉我们应该保持开放的心态和持久的好奇心，不断坚持学习，因此A项适合作为本段小标题。 5．解析：C　上文指出，我们应该利用一切场合和机会去学习，包括会议报告、茶点时间以及聚餐场合等，这些都是好创意诞生的时刻。故C项符合语境。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $