必修第三册 UNIT 4 SPACE EXPLORATION(教师用书Word)-【高考领航】2027年高考英语大一轮复习学案

该高中英语讲义围绕宇宙探索主题，整合高考核心词汇（如desire, lack, argue）、语法（非谓语动词、名词性从句）及写作模块，按“基础词汇—句型结构—语用表达”逻辑架构知识点。通过考点梳理（微点练通）、方法指导（练透题组）、真题训练（2023-2026年模拟题）三环节，帮助学生构建知识网络，突破语法填空、书面表达等难点。 资料以主题式复习为特色，将词汇、语法融入真实语境（如太空生活回帖写作），通过“熟词生义辨析”“情感描写微场景补全”等活动，培养学生语言能力与思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升分层练习，配合即时反馈策略，确保高效突破考点，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

Mankind has managed to create facilities and vehicles to carry astronauts into the universe.They launch rockets 1.carrying (carry) satellites.Many intelligent people around the globe are determined to devote 2.themselves (they) to space exploration, even though fatal space disasters which killed astronauts on board make them 3.disappointed (disappoint).Besides, when living in space, the astronauts have to recycle dirty water so as to use it later.4.For lack of gravity, their muscles become weak.They have to tape everything up，5.otherwise they would float around.They also need to figure out a way to store sufficient food and oxygen.However, people's desire 6.to explore (explore) space never dies.China is the third country to send humans into space independently.This signals a giant leap forward for China.Some people argue that we should stop 7.wasting (waste) time and money on space exploration，8.which is a shallow view.Our planet's resources are limited, and as a result, we should find a new home to provide for the ever 9.increasing (increase) population.In closing, we attach great importance to solving the mystery about space and will carry on with space exploration 10.regularly (regular). 1　disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的(☞disappoint vt.使失望/沮丧☞disappointing adj.令人失望的☞disappointment n．失望；沮丧) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①One by one, the applicants left the interviewer's office with disappointed (disappoint) looks on their faces. ②令他们失望的是，他们第一次尝试做母亲节早餐就失败了。(读后续写之情感描写) What disappointed them/made them disappointed was that they failed to cook a Mother's Day breakfast at the first attempt. ③第一次见到我的新同学莉莉时，一股失望的情绪涌上心头。 The first time I saw Lily, my new classmate, a wave of disappointment washed over me． (1)be disappointed at/with/by...　　对……失望 be disappointed to do sth 对做某事失望 be disappointed that... 对……失望 (2)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 2　desire n．渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The disappointed twins desired that their father (should) tell (tell) them how to make sandwiches, and he nodded. ②When I applied to graduate school, I found three programmes promising to allow me to follow my desired (desire) research direction.(2023·北京卷) ③由于我强烈渴望学习一种新技能，我向妈妈寻求帮助，在她的帮助下，我开始在暑假期间学习做饭。(2023·全国乙卷书面表达) As I had a strong desire to learn a new skill, I turned to my mother for help, with whose help I began to learn how to cook during the summer vacation. (1)have a desire to do sth　　渴望做某事 have a desire for sth 渴望得到某物 (2)desire to do sth 渴望做某事 desire sb to do sth 渴望某人做某事 desire that...(should) do... 渴望…… 3　lack n．缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏(☞lacking adj.不足的；缺乏的) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子/一句多译 ①Though lacking (lack) cooking experience，the twins made up for it by turning to the Internet for some advice. ②一些学生可能会在与不熟悉的人一起练习时感到不自在，这可能会导致参与积极性的不足。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Some students may feel uncomfortable practicing with someone they don't know well, which could result in a lack of motivation for participation． ③由于缺乏自信和经验，简完全不知道该如何应对这可怕的情况。(读后续写之情感描写) → For lack of confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(介词短语) → Lacking confidence and experience，Jane was quite at a loss as to how to deal with the terrible situation.(分词作状语) (1)(a) lack of　　　　缺少…… for/through lack of 因缺少…… (2)be lacking in 在……方面缺乏 4　argue vt.& vi.(argued，argued，arguing)论证；争论；争辩；主张；说服(☞argument n．争论；争吵；论点) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①It is beyond argument (argue) that the Great Wall is the symbol of China.(应用文之推荐信) ②渴望掌握一些基本的生活技能，我说服了母亲在五一假期期间教我做饭。 Eager to master some basic living skills，I argued my mother into teaching me how to cook during the May Day holiday. ③根据上面的表格，65%的学生赞成听英语歌曲而18%的学生主张他们可以通过读英语名著来提高他们的英语水平。 Based on the above chart，65% of the students argue for enjoying English songs while 18% of the students argue that they can have their English level improved by reading English classics. (1)argue with sb about/over sth　　　　因某事与某人争吵/争论 argue for/against (doing) sth 据理赞成/反对(做)某事 (2)argue that... 主张……；认为…… (3)argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 [点津]　表示“说服/劝说某人做某事”的搭配还有：persuade sb into doing/to do sth、reason sb into doing sth、talk sb into doing sth等。 5　attach vt.系；绑；贴(☞attached adj.附加的；依恋的，爱慕的☞attachment n．附件；附属品；依恋) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The feeling of success was no longer attached (attach) to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.(2025·北京卷) ②She found a box lying on the table with a card attached (attach) to it, saying “Happy Birthday”． ③现在是时候重视我们的生态系统的平衡了。让我们马上采取行动吧！(应用文之倡议书) It's high time that we attached/should attach great importance to the balance of our ecosystem.Let's take action right now! (1)attach...to...　　　把……固定/附在……上 attach great importance/significance to sth 认为……有重要性/意义 (2) be attached to 附属于；依恋 6　result in 导致；造成 [练透]—— 用result的相关短语填空/一句多译 ①Misunderstandings resulting from lack of social communication, if not handled properly, may result in more serious problems. As a result，we should master sufficient communication skills. ②直到他再次失败后，他才意识到是他的懒惰导致了他的失败。 →Only after he failed a second time did he realise that his laziness resulted in his failure．(result in) →It was only after he failed a second time that he realised that his failure resulted from his laziness．(result from) (1)result from　由……造成；因……而产生 (2)as a result 所以；结果(是) as a result of 由于……的结果 without result 没有结果；白费 [点津]　result in的近义词(组)有：cause、bring about、lead to、contribute to。 7　run out用完；耗尽 [练透]——用run的相关短语填空/完成句子 ①I felt like I had run a marathon, and my energy had completely run out． ②The moment we ran across/into a cute wild rabbit，we rode our horses and ran after it without hesitation. ③大卫快要筋疲力尽了，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他浑身是汗，蹒跚地朝终点线走去。 David was running out of his energy but when he heard loud cheers from the other kids，he was struggling his way towards the finish line，bathed in sweat. run out of　　用光，用完(人作主语，有被动语态) run across 偶然遇到 run after 追逐；追求 run into 撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等) 8　 句型公式：the＋序数词＋名词＋动词不定式 教材原句：Afterwards，the USSR focused on sending people into space，and on 12 April 1961，Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to enter space. 后来，苏联集中力量把人送入太空，1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上第一个进入太空的人。 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①The first landmark to catch (catch) my eye is the splendid Qingshuihe Bridge，the world's longest bridge built over permafrost.(外研选必一U6) ②John was the first person to think (think) of making popcorn to help Bernard earn some extra money. ③说到历史上我最崇拜的人，我第一个想到的人是孔子。(2023·全国甲卷书面表达) When it comes to the person I admire most in history, the first person to come to my mind is Confucius. (1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级以及the next、the only、the right、the last等修饰，常用不定式作后置定语。 (2)动词不定式作定语常用来修饰ability、chance、opportunity、need、way、wish、effort、right、ambition、patience、anxiety、attempt等名词。 微点练通 微点点拨 1.①The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signal(l)ing (signal) the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. ②I dashed to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to follow (follow) me. 2．①(2024·北京卷) Then, projects like the Belt and Road Initiative make a good topic to discuss because it showcases China's determination (determine) to build a shared future with the world. ②His determined expression (他坚定的表情) showed that he would not give up until he achieved his goals. 3．It is universally (universal) acknowledged that wealth doesn't necessarily mean happiness. 4．① Cheerful singing floating in the room (欢快的歌声飘荡在房间里), the two sisters immersed themselves in the beauty of the music. ②A sense of happiness floated in her heart (一种幸福感在她心中悄然浮现)as she watched the sunset. ③The sound of laughter floated from the room (笑声从房间里飘出来), filling the corridor with warmth. 5. The government launched an activity (政府发起了一项活动) to raise people's awareness of paying attention to our traditional cultures. 6. Being lost in the forest (在森林中迷路) made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that it was no use feeling frightened (害怕是没用的) and finding my way out of the forest was what I must do right now. 1.①signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事 ②a signal (for sb) to do sth(某人)做某事的信号 2．①determine to do sth 决心做某事(表示动作) ②be determined to do sth 决心做某事(表示状态) ③with determination坚决地 3．universally adv.普遍地；一般地，在句中修饰动词、形容词或其他副词。 It is universally acknowledged that ...普遍认为……。 4．①float into one's mind涌上心头 ②float through the window从窗外飘进 5．launch an activity发起一项活动 6．①动名词(短语)作主语，谓语动词用单数； ②It is no use/no good/useless doing sth做某事没用； ③It is a waste of time doing sth做某事是浪费时间。 Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识 1．(2025·全国二卷)The well-liked grandma regularly (regular) posts workout content, explaining there's no reasons others can't look this good. 2．(2026·长春市质量监测)He was a determined (determine) teen, working part-time as a milkman to ease his family's financial burden. 3．(2026·湖南省“一起考”大联考)I faced my fears that very first night, which was the first step on the stairs of growing up—when I began earning some independence (independent). 4．(2026·河北省综合素质评价)What's more, it can collect people's facial information and store it in its memory for further analysis (analyse). 5．We didn't know you were in trouble at that time，otherwise we would have given (give) you a hand. 6．She explained that Mrs White had called her, expressing disappointment (disappoint) over our broken promise. 7．(外研选必二U6)However, sending people there will require all the skill, courage and intelligence (intelligent) of the human race. 8．Finally, with strong will, I was the first to reach (reach) the finish line, which made me so thrilled. Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义——清除阅读障碍 1．猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义 ①(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I argue that it's not a good idea to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training after class. 主张 ②Take a view is a desirable annual competition for photographers from all corners of the UK and beyond. 其他地方 ③She was displeased with absolutely everything, nothing was right and I was rather surprised that she became a “regular”. 常客 ④(2023·新课标Ⅱ卷)And in contrast to our increasingly networked lives where the information we consume is monitored and tracked，a printed book still offers the chance of a wholly private，“off-line” activity. 监视，监听 2．选出signal的含义 ①The traffic light turned green, which was the signal for the cars to start moving again. __D__ ②I dashed to the car, took him by the arm and signalled him to follow me. __B__ ③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar month, signal(l)ing the end of the Spring Festival celebrations. __A__ ④ Both sides have signalled their willingness to start cooperation. __C__ A.vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 B.vt.& vi.示意 C.vt.& vi. (用言语或行动)表明， 表示(生义) D.n.信号；标志 3.选出current的含义 ①When asked for your views about your current job, on no account must you be negative. __B__ ②He was swept out to sea by the strong current. __C__ ③Switch off the electric current before touching that machine. __A__ ④The current in technology development is moving towards artificial intelligence, shaping the future of various industries. __E__ ⑤The artist's work reflects the current of ideas that emphasize the importance of individual expression over traditional norms. __D__ A.n.电流 B.adj.当前的；现在的 C.n.水流 D.n.思潮 E.n.趋向(生义) Ⅲ.构词法精练——快速增加词汇 名词后缀-cy 名词后缀-cy 主要用于描述某种抽象的状态、条件、品质或属性。 规则 典例 单词以-t 或-te结尾，常变为-cy agent (代理人)→ agency (机构) efficient (高效的)→ efficiency (效率) fluent (流畅的)→ fluency (流畅性) constant (持续的)→ constancy (恒久性) infant (婴儿)→ infancy (婴儿期) president (总统)→ presidency (总统职位) democrat (民主主义者)→ democracy (民主) bankrupt (破产的)→ bankruptcy (破产) private (私人的)→ privacy (隐私) 1．The accuracy (accurate) of the data is crucial for making informed decisions. 2．There is a sense of urgency (urgent) in completing the report before the deadline. 3．The frequency (frequent) of earthquakes in this area has increased over the past year. 帖子——宇宙探索 最近，有网友在某英文论坛上发帖，征集网友们对“是否愿意在空间站体验一个月生活”的看法。请你用英语回帖，表明你的观点并说明理由。 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文 ①I have a strong desire to live on a space station (我非常渴望在空间站上生活) for one month for the following reasons. First of all, I've always been curious about the universe.②While orbiting the earth (在环绕地球运行时), I can observe the charming scenery of space and ③experience the feeling of floating in space (体验漂浮在太空的感觉).Moreover, I'll try to figure out some mysteries of space so as to contribute to human exploration of space.Last but not least, ④living in space independently for a month will definitely make a great difference to my life (在太空中独立生活一个月肯定会对我的人生有很大的影响). In closing, ⑤it is beyond argument that (无可争辩) living on the space station is worth it. 积累常诵——情感描写之“愤怒”(一) 词块积累 金句背诵 ②be purple with anger/rage气得脸色发紫 ③be/turn white with anger气得脸色发白 ④be dark/darkened with rage气得面色铁青 ⑤be filled with anger一脸愤怒；充满愤怒 ⑥glare/stare angrily /wildly at sb怒视某人 ⑦give sb a look/glance of burning anger愤怒地看/瞥了某人一眼 ⑧flash/glitter with anger闪着/燃烧着怒火 ⑨explode/ boil with anger勃然大怒；大发雷霆 ⑩boom大吼一声 ⑪stamp one's feet in anger气得跺脚 ⑫slam the door angrily behind 愤然摔门而去 1.She was boiling with anger, yet she kept her voice deceptively calm. 她内心怒火中烧，但声音却保持着一种欺骗性的平静。 2．He felt a wave of anger wash over him, blinding him to all reason. 他感到一阵愤怒席卷全身，使他失去了所有理智。 3．Filled with anger, he swept everything off his desk with a violent swing of his arm. 在一阵狂怒中，他手臂猛地一挥，将书桌上的所有东西都扫了下去。 4．She stood there，trembling with anger, unable to form a coherent sentence. 她站在那里，因愤慨而浑身发抖，连一句完整的话都说不出来。 5．His patience had evaporated.“That's enough！” he roared，his voice echoing in the room. 他的耐心已经耗尽。“够了！”他咆哮道，声音在房间里回荡。 用表“愤怒”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景29 主题“友情”——发生冲突时的“愤怒” Our friendship went through ups and downs like a boat on the sea.Dissatisfaction with the other was accumulating.War broke out one evening.Kate came into the room.Soon, I heard her ①booming (boom), “Take your shoes away! Why under my bed！” Deafened, I saw my shoes flying at me.②I flushed with anger (我气得涨红了脸).How could she act like that? ③I could not control/contain my anger (我无法控制自己的愤怒) either.④I jumped to my feet angrily and started yelling (我火冒三丈，一跃而起开始大吼，副词＋动作链).She yelled back louder.Neither of us was willing to calm down to be a good listener.⑤The room was filled with anger (满屋都是怒火).We could not have stayed together for a single minute but for a phone call. 微场景30 主题“校园生活”——遭遇同学误解时的“愤怒” As soon as we scrambled out of the pool, Mala appeared and ⑥stared wildly at me (怒冲冲地瞪着我), ⑦storming (storm), “Why did you push Kala in？” ⑧Noticing the burning anger in her eyes (注意到她眼中燃烧的怒火), I kept silent before the girl pointed to me and said, “She saved me.” Mala's expression ⑨shifted from anger to disbelief (从愤怒变为不可置信), and then to gratitude.She must have misunderstood me earlier.“I'm sorry，” Mala said, her voice softening.“I didn't know you were such a skilled swimmer.Thank you for saving her.” 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $