必修第一册 UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS(教师用书Word)-【高考领航】2027年高考英语大一轮复习学案

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考核心考点，整合语法（非谓语、虚拟语气等）、核心词汇（affect, shock等）、重点句型（as if, be doing...when...）及应用文写作，以自然灾害主题为语境串联知识点，通过考点梳理、方法指导（如bury的句式升级）、真题训练（2023-2025年高考题）等环节，帮助学生构建系统知识网络，突破语法词汇应用难点。 资料采用情境化教学与分层练习结合的创新方法，如通过“险境求生”微场景训练情感描写词块，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。设置基础巩固、能力提升、综合应用三级练习，配合即时反馈，确保高效复习。为教师提供清晰的复习路径，助力把控节奏，提升学生应试能力。

Natural disasters, like drought, flood, typhoons, and earthquakes, are becoming 1.more frequent (frequent) nowadays.They have bad effects on humans' life，2.making (make) us suffer from terrible injuries and serious damage.The Tangshan earthquake in 1976 shocked the world then—about 90 percent of the homes in the city 3.were destroyed (destroy)，and electricity was hard 4.to get (get) because power was cut off.A large city lay 5.in ruins.Millions of people were affected and had to face 6.death (die).It seemed as if the world 7.were coming (come) to an end.Thankfully，150，000 soldiers were sent to start rescue work.They dug out those 8.who were trapped, buried the dead and built shelters for those who survived the disaster.The tireless efforts paid off.Slowly, the city began to breathe again. In this fight, humans showed great courage and wisdom.And 9.what we learned from the disaster is to keep first aid kit on hand in case of emergency.When a disaster strikes a place, it's usually difficult to deliver food and 10.supplies (supply) within a short time, but as long as we stay calm, positive and united, no disaster will defeat us. 1　affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(☞affection n．喜爱) [练透]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①As we know, the environment is facing serious problems, affecting (affect) everyone's life.(2025·北京卷应用文) ②Although affected (affect) with a serious disease，he held a positive attitude and believed there was a hope of recovery. ③一方面，长时间用手机玩游戏不仅会伤害你的眼睛，还会影响你的大脑。 For one thing, not only can playing games on your phone for a long time harm your eyes, but they can also affect your brain greatly． (1)be deeply/greatly affected by ...被……深深打动 be affected with ...染上……疾病 (2)show/have an affection for ...喜欢……，喜爱…… 2　shock n．休克；打击；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊(☞shocked adj.感到震惊的☞shocking adj.令人震惊的) [练透]—— 单句语法填空/完成句子 ①On hearing those words, Luke and Lisa stared at each other in shock. ②The unexpected guest and gift shocked(shock) me, and I was at a loss what to say.(读后续写之心理描写) ③他们的母亲既震惊又自豪，她温柔地低声说：“谢谢你们，孩子们。我真的很感激你们为我所做的一切！”(读后续写之心理描写) Shocked and proud, their mother said in a sweet whisper, “Thanks, my kids.I really appreciate what you have done for me！” [点津]　各种“惊讶”：①　　②　③ (1)be shocked to do sth 　　　　　　做某事很震惊 be shocked at... 对……感到震惊 (2)a shock to... 对……是吃惊的事 (3)electric shock 触电；电休克 cultural shock 文化冲击 3　bury vt.(buried，buried，burying)埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏 [练透]——句式升级/完成句子 ①David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms. →David still refused to look at me，burying his head in his arms．(分词短语作状语) →David still refused to look at me，with his head buried in his arms．(with复合结构) →David still refused to look at me，his head buried in his arms．(独立主格结构) ②詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。(读后续写之动作＋情绪描写) Jennifer sat on the floor, burying her face in her hands, and her body trembled as she softly began to cry. (1)　埋头于；专心于 (2)bury one's face in one's hands 双手掩面 [点津]　表示“专心于……”的短语小结：①be absorbed in　②keep one's mind on　③devote oneself to　④concentrate on　⑤focus one's attention on 4　suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(☞suffering n．受苦，遭难☞sufferer n．受害者；患者) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①To our shock, he had become seriously ill, suffering (suffer) great pain and discomfort.(读后续写之情感描写) ②得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(读后续写之心理＋动作描写) Knowing that my partner was suffering from a serious illness，I was burning with anxiety, so I darted towards the hospital. ③生活中总有起起落落，但正是这些磨难让我们变得更坚强。(读后续写之主旨升华) There are always ups and downs in our life，but it is these sufferings that make us stronger． (1)suffer a lot of pain　遭受巨大的痛苦 suffer severe damage 损失惨重 suffer defeat 遭受失败 (2)suffer from 遭受；患病 5　survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过(☞survivor n．幸存者☞survival n．幸存；生还) [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Membership in a group plays an important function in ensuring their safety and improving their chances of survival (survive) from attacks.(2024·九省联考) ②Rowling had spent years surviving (survive) on little money, spending all her time writing.(外研选必一U2) ③我打开门，惊奇地发现一位老太太站在暴风雪中，身上只穿了一件薄外套，显然不足以在暴风雪中生存。(读后续写之人物描写) I opened the door and surprisingly found an old lady standing in the snowstorm with just a thin coat，obviously not enough to survive the snowstorm． ④生活不在于如何挺过暴风雨，而在于如何在暴风雨中起舞。(读后续写之主旨升华) Life isn't about how to survive storms，but how to dance in the rain. survive on　　靠……存活下来 survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来 A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长 6　strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken) 侵袭；突击；击打；突然想起；(时钟等)敲响 n．罢工；罢课；袭击 [练透]——单句语法填空/完成句子 ①Struck (strike)by what he had done for me，I couldn't contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.(读后续写之心理描写) ②She felt a sharp pain when she was struck on the leg by a flying ball during the soccer match.(读后续写之场景描写) ③她突然意识到，目标更易通过小步骤逐步实现。(2024·浙江卷1月) It occurred to/hit/struck her that goals are easier to achieve in small steps. (1)It strikes/hits/occurs to sb that ... 　　　　　某人突然想起…… be struck by ... 被……打动；被……侵袭 strike sb in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位 (2)be on strike 在罢工 7　句型公式：as if引导的虚拟语气 教材原句：It seemed as if the world were coming to an end! 仿佛世界末日即将来临！ [练透]——完成句子 ①知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名之后，我觉得自己好像站在世界之巅。(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest, I felt as if (I were) on the top of the world． ②在屋内，吃着美味的饼干，我们谈笑风生，托比的尾巴欢快地摇着，仿佛我们之间从未发生过任何不愉快的事情。(2025·全国一卷读后续写) Inside, over the delicious biscuits, we laughed and talked, with Toby's tail wagging happily, as if nothing unpleasant had ever happened between us． ③眼含泪花，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。(读后续写之心理描写) Tears welling up in his eyes，David raised his head，looked at me as if he would say something，but lowered his head once again. as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，它所引导的从句中的语气及时态为： ·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况) ·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况) 8　句型公式：be doing...when...正在做某事这时(突然)…… 教材原句：I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home. 当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。 [练透]——完成句子 ①当我在浏览我们学校的网站时，我注意到了英文报纸Youth。 I was surfing our school's website when I noticed the English newspaper Youth. ②母亲刚醒来时，就闻到了食物诱人的香味，这种香味营造出一种温馨的家庭氛围。(读后续写之环境描写) Mother had just woken up when she was greeted by the delicious smell of food, which created a welcoming atmosphere in the home. ③她正要把花送给李先生，突然摔倒在地。(读后续写之动作描写) She was about to present Mr Li with the flowers when she fell to the ground. 句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”，常用于以下句型： be about to do...when... 　　　　正要做……突然…… be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然…… had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然…… 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 微点练通 微点点拨 1.①A wave of panic swept over/flooded over her (她感到一阵惊慌), but she forced herself to leave the room calmly. ②(2025·全国一卷)Sitting alone in the living room, I stared at the family photos on the wall, memories of our childhood flooding back (童年的回忆涌上心头). ③With the warm sunlight flooding in (温暖的阳光照进来), they enjoyed the company of each other, feeling a wave of warmth and appreciation. 2．①Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems, all of which have a great effect on Chinese culture (对中国文化产生了巨大的影响). ②Additionally, there are interactive games to make learning both fun and effective (effect). 3．(2023·全国甲卷)He spared no effort to carry out a series of reforms (不遗余力地进行了一系列改革) to make his country rich and powerful. 4．①On returning to the town，they were shocked to find their neighbourhood in ruins. ②You can't change the past，but you can ruin the present (毁了现在) by worrying about the future. 1.①flood in/into/out of大量涌入/蜂拥而出 ②flood back涌上心头 ③a burst/wave/sense/feeling of＋情感名词＋flood/sweep over＋ sb, 表“某人感到……” 2．①have an effect on ...对……有影响 ②come into effect/take effect生效；起作用 3．①spare no effort to do sth不遗余力做某事 ②make an effort/efforts to do sth努力做某事 ③with effort 努力地 4．①lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 ②ruin oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡 Ⅰ.单句语法填空——巩固语言知识 1．When people shared stories of their suffering(s) (suffer), Sarah inspired them with her own experience. 2．They should focus on the theme “Carry Forward Positivity, Light Up Campus Dreams” and have a length (long) of within 5 minutes. 3．However, one unusual afternoon, a powerful and unexpected storm swept (sweep) through the town, leaving (leave)destruction in its wake. 4．I breathed (breath) a sigh of relief as I went over and sat back down. 5．The math problem was too complicated for her to solve (solve) quickly, leaving her puzzled and scratching her head in frustration. 6．(2025·全国一卷)The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped (trap) through the boiling process was nice. 7．(2024·北京卷)I was reading (read) a book in the classroom when there was an announcement. 8．It is dark in the woods.It seems as if there were(be) a fierce beast behind every bush.The more she thinks of this, the more frightened she is. 9．(2025·全国一卷)Whole neighbourhoods were destroyed (destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere. 10．Up to now food and water have been delivered (deliver) to the disaster-stricken area，where many people surviving (survive) the disaster are in urgent need of help. Ⅱ.熟词生义/一词多义——清除阅读障碍 1．猜测下列句子中加黑词的含义 ①Deeply affected by the film，we couldn't hold back tears. 感动 ②She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock. 休克 ③(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)John went back to observing nature and asking questions.Why can certain plants trap harmful bacteria (细菌)? 留存 ④(2024·浙江卷1月)It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. 忽视不管；放任自流 ⑤The electric car, powered by the battery, can drive for 600 miles on a single charge. 驱动 ⑥Birds singing in the tree，the bright five-star red flag waved in the breeze. 飘动，起伏 2．选出deliver的含义 ①The princess had been delivered of a healthy baby boy，which made the handsome prince wild with excitement. B ②I feel it a great honour to deliver a speech to share with you my opinions on Peking Opera. C ③(2024·新课标Ⅰ卷)I bought a desk and asked for it to be delivered to my house this Friday. A A.vt.递送 B.vt.生小孩；接生 C.vt.发表演说等 3.选出strike的含义 ①Some labor unions recently struck a deal with a group of companies limiting the number of hours that independent contractors can be on call. E ②The workers went on strike to demand better working conditions and higher wages. C ③When I entered the room, the clock had just struck 10. F ④As an old saying goes, “Strike the iron while it's hot.” A ⑤A big earthquake struck the area last week, which then caused a terrible tsunami. D ⑥ It strikes us that we can follow the stream back to the farmhouse. B A.vt.打 B.vt.使突然想起 C.n.罢工 D.vt.(灾难、疾病等)袭击 E.vt.达成(协议、妥协) F.v.(钟)敲 Ⅲ.构词法精练——快速增加词汇 名词后缀-al 名词后缀-al主要用在动词后面，表示“……的动作或过程”。 规则 典例 直接加-al renew (更新)→renewal (更新) dismiss (解雇；解散)→dismissal (解雇；解散) withdraw (撤回)→withdrawal (撤回；取款) 去e加-al arrive (到达)→arrival (到达) approve (批准)→approval (批准) propose (提议)→proposal (提议) recite (背诵)→recital (朗诵会；独奏会) rehearse (排练)→rehearsal (排练) 1.In today's competitive market, innovation is key to a company's survival (survive). 2．Her refusal (refuse) to give up in the face of failure was truly admirable. 3．I made a cash withdrawal (withdraw) from the ATM to pay for the dinner. 电子邮件——安全进校园 假定你是高三学生李华。在全国防灾减灾日到来之际，你们学校开展了一次以“安全进校园”为主题的教育活动。你校国际部交换生Jim对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括： 1．活动目的；2.活动安排。 根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文 Dear Jim， Learning that you are interested in the “Safety Education into Campus” event, I am glad to share it with you. In response to the National Disaster Prevention and Reduction Day, our school organised activities to raise ①our awareness of self-protection in the face of emergencies (在紧急情况下的自我保护意识).Firstly, ②an expert from a professional rescue team delivered a lecture (一位来自专业救援队的专家做报告) on how to react when disasters hit (用本单元词汇替换加黑词③strike)us, such as fires and earthquakes, equipping us with basics of evacuation.Besides, we made brochures concerning the practical tips on ④dealing with disasters (应对灾害) and handed them out on campus to further spread the safety knowledge among students. I have prepared an English brochure for you.Hope it will help. Yours， Li Hua 积累常诵——情感描写之“恐惧、惊恐”(二) 词块积累 金句背诵 ①root sb to the spot/ground/rooted to the spot/ground呆立不动 ②freeze with fear/terror/fright/horror吓呆 ③stand/sit frozen with fear站/坐着吓傻了 ④shake/tremble with fear吓得发抖；胆战心惊 ⑤(knees) knock in fright (双膝)吓得直打颤 ⑥knees feel weak双膝发软 ⑦one's body be rigid/stiff with fear吓得浑身发僵 ⑧feel like/turn to jelly开始发软 ⑨sweat with fear吓得直冒汗 ⑩a chill deep down in one's bones毛骨悚然 ⑪have one's heart in one's mouth某人的心提到嗓子眼 ⑫have butterflies in one's stomach七上八下；感到忐忑不安 1.Molly felt that the blood in her body froze rapidly at the sight of the dark figure outside the glass door. 莫莉看到玻璃门外的黑影，感觉体内的血液迅速凝固起来。 2．I could feel my heart pounding wildly and my palms sweating. 我能够感觉到我的心怦怦跳，手心直冒汗。 3．I walked across the hospital parking lot with my heart in my throat, terrified of what the doctors had to tell me. 我提心吊胆地走过医院的停车场，害怕医生要告诉我的消息。 4．She sweated with fear, standing there tongue-tied. 她吓得大汗淋漓，站在那里说不出话来。 5．I get so nervous before public speaking that my hands shake and my knees feel weak. 我在公开演讲前会特别紧张，不仅手抖，膝盖还会发软。 用表“恐惧、惊恐”的表达补全下面的微场景并背诵 微场景9 主题“险境求生”——遭遇飓风时的“恐惧、惊恐” 　　It's strange, but I don't really remember much about the hurricane itself.It all happened so quickly.I was sitting in my room with my cat, Smartie, on my lap, when the roof just flew off.All of a sudden, there was sky where the roof had been.①I was so frightened that I just froze/I froze with fear/ I was rooted to the spot with fear (我吓呆了).Mom cried to get out quickly, but it was already too late by then.The rain was coming down so hard and so fast.Our street turned into a river in seconds.We were going nowhere. 微场景10 主题“挑战自我”——学习游泳时的“恐惧、惊恐” 　　I was always afraid of water.This fear could not be explained, but the moment I stepped near any body of water, ②my legs would feel like/turn to jelly (我会两腿发软).I would imagine myself drowning in the water and thrashing around helplessly.But my school wanted all pupils to pass a swimming test, which ③made me tremble/shake with fear (让我胆战心惊).Once, after a particularly hard swimming lesson, I spotted Kathy swimming gracefully in the pool.Gathering my courage, I asked gently, “Kathy, can you teach me to swim？” She stared at me coldly.It was as if I stood at the edge of an endless ocean, ④my fear appearing like dark storm clouds (我的恐惧就像乌云一样出现了，独立主格) threatening to drown me. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $