专题02 阅读理解之记叙文（全国通用）（知识清单）2027年高考英语一轮复习讲练测

该高中英语高考复习知识清单系统梳理了阅读理解之记叙文专题，涵盖知识脑图搭建、考点分层突破（人物性格特征、观点态度等六类）、高考典题分析及优题精练，构建了从文体特征到解题策略的完整复习体系。 清单采用考点分层与真题例证结合的方式，如人物性格考点列出高频形容词并关联事迹对应，词义猜测提供7种方法及真题解析，培养学生语言能力和思维品质。特设高频词汇积累模块（含派生、熟词生义）和答题技巧提示，助力学生自主高效复习，教师可据此精准指导，提升备考针对性。

清单02 阅读理解之记叙文 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02 考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 简述 考点二 特点 考点三 考查形式和应对方式 知识点一 考查人物的性格特征； 知识点二 考查对事物的观点和态度； 知识点三 考查主旨大意 知识点四 考查细节理解 知识点五 考查写作目的 知识点六 考查词义猜测 四. 高考典题分析 1. 文化教育类(2026全国I 卷B) 2. 环境保护类(2026全国Ⅱ卷B) 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研●知能分层突破 一、简述 1. 从命题内容上看: 高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 2. 从命题思路上看： 记叙文最主要的特征是考查人物的性格特征，其次是细节理解，也会考查主旨大意、写作意图等。记叙文阅读材料内容丰富多彩，总是描写正能量的人物形象，传递积极向善的主题思想，有时需要通过语言、场景、人物思想情绪的描写来感悟弦外之音和深化主题。 3. 解题技巧 ①掌握记叙文的文体特征。 ②掌握记叙文的命题规律及各种题型的解题要领。如细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题。 ③掌握记叙文选项的常见干扰项的设置特点及应对策略。 二、特点 1.以叙述描写为主； 2. 以记人叙事为主。 三、考查形式和应对方式 知识点一 考查人物的性格特征 阅读理解记叙文中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 ( 关于人物的性质特征的描述，在试题题有时出现两个并列的词。例如： Determined and adaptable 这时要注意，考生一定要从文章找到两个词的相关依据，不要看到一个词依据就做出判断，这样容易出错。 ) 例1: (2026全国II B) The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 知识点二 考查对事物的观点和态度 把描述作者态度的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事实相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。熟记这些作者态度的形容词，深刻理解每个词的含义。设想每个词可能的描述事实。这样我们在考试上，就能迅速找到正确答案。 例2: (2026全国II B) Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. …. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 知识点三 考查主旨大意 在阅读理解记叙文的阅读过程中，要注意把握人物的情感发展过程;事件的发展线索;作者思想感情的变化过程以及时间、空间的变化。阅读时做到不漏细节，把准寓意，方能成功。 在阅读过程中，按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，理解了文章的脉络，理解整个故事。记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。依附原文，切忌主观臆断答题时把握文章的线索，结合文章的主旨大意，切勿主观臆断; 1.通览全局 2.关注首尾段落:70%的记叙文在开头点题，结尾升华 3.勾画重复出现的关键词(人物行为/情感变化/象征物) 4.分析结构情节发展:开端发展高潮结局感悟 5.情感曲线:通过形容词/副词捕捉情绪变化(如:frustrated，determined， relieved) 6.定位核心要素 ①主人公的关键抉择或顿悟时刻； ②人物关系转折点(如:从冲突到和解) ③象征物的深层含义(如:broken watch象征时间珍贵) ④排除干扰项错误选项特征:仅概括某个细节(出现具体人名/数字)包含未提及的推论(出现 must/only等绝对词)与作者情感基调相悖(如文章悲伤却选乐观选项)。 ( 1. 避免主观臆断 : 在阅读原文基础上，仔细甄别选项是否与文章主题有密切联系 2. 涵盖性强 : 看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。避免以偏概全，范围过大或过小。 ) 例3：(2026·福建南平市·二模)When Lila Martinez moved to Maple Street, she was struck by a marked contrast. The houses were well-kept, with flowers blooming in most yards, but at the corner of her block sat a 1,200-square-foot parking lot — a dumping ground for old tires, broken furniture, and overgrown weeds. To Lila, it looked like a “wound” that the neighborhood had simply learned to ignore. Instead of complaining, the 17-year-old decided to take action. She began knocking on doors, a clipboard in hand, asking her neighbors, “What would you do with that lot if you could?” Mrs. Henderson, an 82-year-old resident living alone, teared up as she said, “I used to have a garden, but I can’t bend down anymore. I’d love to smell fresh flowers again.” Mr. Torres, the owner of the local grocery store, offered to donate tools and soil. Even the teenagers were interested, suggesting a place to play basketball. Lila realized the project was bigger than just cleaning up rubbish. She named it the “Maple Community Garden” and launched a crowdfunding campaign. With the raised money, she hired a local construction company to level the ground. The first Saturday was backbreaking. Lila and twenty volunteers filled 40 garbage bags with rubbish. As the weeks passed, the lot began to breathe again. Sunflowers towered over the fence, attracting bees and butterflies. Tomatoes ripened on the vine. More importantly, the people began to bloom. The teens who helped build the basketball court started assisting Mrs. Henderson to carry her groceries. Mr. Torres began hosting weekly barbecues using vegetables from the garden. Neighbors who had lived next to each other for decades but never spoken were now exchanging recipes and gardening tips. Lila said, “I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.” 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Ways to Build a Better Block B. The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood C. Cares for the Old in the Community D. A Teenager’s Dream of a Lovely Garden 【答案】B 【解析】主旨大意题。通读全文可知，莱拉将社区里的垃圾场改造成社区花园，不仅改善了环境，还让原本疏远的邻里变得亲密，治愈了整个社区的隔阂。结合最后一段莱拉所说的“I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.(我以为我只是在建一个花园，但我真正建造的是一座桥。那个空地曾经把我们分开，现在它把我们连接在一起。)”可知，“The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood(治愈社区的花园)”最能概括文章主旨。 知识点四 考查细节理解 阅读理解记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。 最后升华总结作者的感悟。 在解答细节理解题时，可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案 例4(2026·全国一卷·B)Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 【答案】A 【解析】事实细节题 根据第一段Kevin 的话 But my screen time is off ...以及Can't you just use your phone?可知，Kevin习惯使用手机查词，而非查阅纸质词典。electronic devices指电子设备，其中包括手机。 知识点五 考查写作目的 记叙文很重要的特征进行人物描写、环境描写、心理描写，作者总是通过这些手段达到通过描写抒发情感和感慨的作用，所以，记叙文写作目的是被考查的重要特色。 写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。 一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。 目的意图题的设问方式 What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? The purpose of the text is to get more people to ________. The writer of the story wants to tell us that ________. The fact…is mentioned by the author to show ________. The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________. 例5(2024·全国一卷·B)… Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well," he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job." 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber's point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 【答案】A 【解析】推理判断题从最后一段可知，兽医William Farber确信整体医学将会越来越受欢迎。自1982年以来，美国整体医疗兽医协会会员人数的增长印证了这一观点，因此A选项正确。 知识点六 考查词义猜测 1. 根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。 2. 根据同位关系进行猜测 阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。 3. 根据构词法(前缀、后缀、派生等)进行猜测 在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。 4. 根据因果关系进行猜测 在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。 5. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测 文章中的代词it, that, he, him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。 6. 根据同义或近义关系进行猜测 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。 7. 根据转折或对比关系进行猜测 根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。 例6(2025·全国一卷·B)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 【答案】B 【解析】词义猜测题 根据画线词下一句The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart.可知，学生提交了 10-20页的故事，角色拓展了“我”的视野、触动了“我”的心。由此可知，这个结果应是正向的，amazing意为“(尤指好的)惊人的”，符合语境。 三、高考典题分析 (2026·全国二卷·B)--环境保护 Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 25. What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A. Its natural environment. B. Its large-sized houses. C. The convenience of its location. D. The warmth of its residents. 26. What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A. It is older than its owner. B. It uses local materials. C. It has a pointed roof. D. It is put up for sale. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. 【答案】24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 【导语】主要讲述百岁老人赖斯利住在赖特为他设计的老宅中，守护建筑并投身赖特建筑保护事业的故事。 24. 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. (但这并不是他引以为傲的事。赖斯利坐在这位知名建筑师设计的房子明亮开阔的客厅里说道：“我是弗兰克・劳埃德・赖特最后一位在世的原始业主，仍然住在他为我设计的房子里。”)”可知，莱斯利以此为荣，内心倍感荣幸。 25. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join.(后来他们听说了尤索尼亚。他们第一次前去时，已经定居在那里的十户人家热情地接待了他们，于是他们决定搬来定居。)”可知，当地居民的热情温暖打动了他，促使他定居于尤索尼亚。 26. 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture.(这座房子有着赖特标志性风格，采用本地材料建造，平顶、木镶板、水泥地面以及定制家具。)”可知，关于莱斯利的房子，我们能了解到它使用了当地材料。 27. 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings.(赖斯利说他尽力好好守护自己居住的赖特建筑，也守护其余所有赖特作品；他联合创立保护协会，专门留存赖特现存建筑。)”可知，赖斯利深深眷恋、珍视所有赖特设计的建筑，由此推断出赖斯利对赖特的建筑怀有深厚感情。 【高频词汇积累】 1. ________n. 客户，主顾 2. ________n. 建筑师 3. ________v. 建立 4. paneling n. ________ 5. creation n. ________ 6. conservancy n. ________ 【答案】 1. client 2. architect 3. establish 4. (装饰墙壁、天花板等的)嵌板，饰块 5. 作品 6. 保护机构，管理委员会 【派生(合成)词汇】 1. remark v. 谈论，说起；注意到 →________ adj. 显著的，非凡的 2. origin n. 起源，起因；出身→________ adj. 最初的，最早的 3. found v. 建立→________ v. 共同创立 4. preserve v. 保护，维护；保持，维持→________ n. 保护，保存 5. remain v. 逗留，留下；剩余，遗留；保持不变→________ adj. 留下的，剩余的 6. devote v. 献身，致力；用于→________ n. (身心、时间等的)投入，奉献，热爱 7.organize v. 组织→________ n. 组织 8. point v. 指，指向；对准，瞄准；朝向，对着；指路；引导→________ adj. 尖的 9. custom+ make= custom-made adj. ________ 10. large+ size= large- sized adj. ________ 【答案】 1. remarkable 2. original 3. co-found 4. preservation 5. remaining 6. devotion 7. organization 8. pointed 9. 定制的 10. 大号的，大户型的 【熟词生义】 1. signature adj. ________ 2. concrete adj. ________ 【答案】1. 标志性的，特有的 2. 混凝土制的 【高频短语】 1. (be) in good/remarkable /poor health ________________ 2. pride oneself on (doing) sth. ________________ 3. ________________组成，构成 4. ________________定居，扎根 5. be greeted with enthusiasm ________________ 6. be engaged in ________________ 7. settle down ________________ 8. be put up for sale ________________ 9. be attached to sb./sth. ________________ 10. be devoted to ________________ 11. be passionate about ________________ 【答案】 1. 身体好/非常好/差 2. 对自己某方面/做某事感到自豪 3. make up 4. put down roots 5. 受到热烈欢迎 6. 忙于/从事于 7. 定居 8. 挂牌出售 9. 依恋/喜欢某人/某事物 10. 全身心投入 11. 酷爱 优题精练●专题实战通关 Passage 1 (2026·安徽省临泉田家炳实验中学·模拟预测)--文化教育 To write about food, we can be reporting on deforestation for palm oil production, the animal welfare conditions in industrial meat-processing, etc. But for readers, it will all come back to the grocery store, the kitchen, and the menu they’re faced with at a restaurant. How do we navigate this field which includes loss of biodiversity, greedy businessmen, climate change — without overwhelming but instead empowering and encouraging readers? As an essayist, a cultural critic and food writer, at the end of the day, I am trying to attract my readers to consider what they eat. It requires that I involve and insert myself into this human dilemma. After all, I have to eat too. I once wrote that in order to trust someone on the subject of food, I need to know about their eating history and appetites. This isn’t because I want to measure my own appetite against theirs to ensure we line up, but because it provides significant context: What purpose does food serve in your life? I want to know, so that I can understand why you’re choosing to take it as a focus, whether in a writing career or just one essay. I grew up on Long Island, spent years in Brooklyn, and now live in San Juan, Puerto Rico. My upbringing consisted of all the Italian, Chinese, Japanese, and Greek food one might imagine a kid just outside New York City would eat, plus Puerto Rican food influenced by my paternal grandmother’s heritage. My eating biography includes a lot of experiences — as eater, as server, as cook — and a commitment to what tastes good. All of these are useful knowledge for my perspective, and it’s why there is a touch of memoir threaded throughout what is seemingly a cultural history: If I could grow up eating everything, how did I end up with all these ethical concerns and commitments around the food system? I take the ordinary, the everyday and the ancestral (祖先的) with me when I write about how we have eaten for the past 50 years, and how we could eat in the future. How do I eat and what do I cook when I feel the weight of all these on my shoulders? 1. What does the author’s writing mainly focus on? A. The influence of human diet. B. The nutritional value of food. C. The economic impact of food production. D. The effectiveness of the actions of the local government. 2. Why does the author need to know her readers’ appetites? A. To make comparisons. B. To list examples. C. To understand their background. D. To better know herself. 3. What is the author mainly discussing in paragraph 4? A. Her multicultural identity. B. Her rich experiences with food. C. Her fascination with special foods. D. Her understanding of foreign foods. 4. What does the author convey about the future diet? A. It will empower humans. B. It will be influenced by the past. C. It will become less diverse. D. It will be mainly based on personal preference. 【答案】1. A 2. C 3. B 4. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了作者作为一名散文家、文化评论家和食品作家，在探讨食品相关话题时的个人视角和写作方法。 1.细节理解题。根据第三段“This isn’t because I want to measure my own appetite against theirs to ensure we line up, but because it provides significant context: What purpose does food serve in your life? I want to know, so that I can understand why you’re choosing to take it as a focus, whether in a writing career or just one essay. (这并不是因为我想把自己的胃口与他们的胃口进行对比，以确保我们的胃口一致，而是因为它提供了一个重要的背景：食物在你的生活中起到了什么作用？我想知道，这样我就能理解你为什么选择把它作为一个重点，无论是在写作生涯还是只是一篇文章。)”可知，作者的写作主要关注人类饮食的影响。故选A。 2.推理判断题。根据第三段“This isn’t because I want to measure my own appetite against theirs to ensure we line up, but because it provides significant context: What purpose does food serve in your life? (这并不是因为我想把自己的胃口与他们的胃口进行对比，以确保我们的胃口一致，而是因为它提供了一个重要的背景：食物在你的生活中起到了什么作用？)”可知，作者需要知道读者的胃口是为了了解他们的背景。故选C。 3.段落大意题。根据第四段“I grew up on Long Island, spent years in Brooklyn, and now live in San Juan, Puerto Rico. My upbringing consisted of all the Italian, Chinese, Japanese, and Greek food one might imagine a kid just outside New York City would eat, plus Puerto Rican food influenced by my paternal grandmother’s heritage. (我在长岛长大，在布鲁克林生活了几年，现在住在波多黎各的圣胡安。我的成长经历包括意大利、中国、日本和希腊的所有食物，你可以想象一个住在纽约郊外的孩子会吃到的食物，再加上受我祖母遗产影响的波多黎各食物。)”可知，作者在第4段主要讨论了她丰富的食物经验。故选B。 4.推理判断题。根据最后一段“I take the ordinary, the everyday and the ancestral (祖先的) with me when I write about how we have eaten for the past 50 years, and how we could eat in the future. (在撰写关于过去50年我们如何饮食，以及未来我们可能如何饮食的文章时，我会将平凡的日常以及祖先的(饮食传统)融入其中。)”可知，未来的饮食会受到过去的影响。故选B。 Passage 2 (2026·湖北黄冈市黄州区湖北省黄冈中学·二模)-哲理感悟 I remember perfectly the day I applied for the math preparatory position at the School of Mechanical Engineering. The written exam went well, so we moved onto the second stage of the competition, which consisted of explaining an exercise in front of a panel of professors. Honestly, I was very tense. To make matters worse, my hands were sweating a lot. When I was assigned the exercise and started solving it on the board, I tried to stay calm. It was going pretty well, actually, until I said something ridiculous. I said something like: “The area of the triangle is the base (底) times the height divided by 4.” As soon as I realized my mistake, I corrected myself aloud while trying to erase the board with my hand, but my sweat made the blackboard look like a crime scene. An old professor noticed my struggle and said, “I think we’ve seen enough. Thank you.” I left the room with my head down. Days later, I found out that I had passed the competition and secured a position. My grade gave me the opportunity to choose which professor I wanted to work with and I chose the one who had saved me at that moment, professor Martin! Before my first tutoring session, some colleagues told me that, in their advanced calculus class, a professor had shared the story of a girl who had gotten so nervous that she “flooded” the board with sweat and didn’t even know the area of a triangle. I felt extremely angry and confronted the professor immediately. I told him how unprofessional it was for him to mock a student who was just trying her best and if I were truly incompetent, the hiring committee — including him — was at fault. The professor, surprised, felt very sorry and apologized. I accepted his apology. No matter how much effort you put in or how well you do, some will focus on your mistakes. What matters is how you respond. That experience taught me to express my thoughts bravely, to communicate my concerns, and to set boundaries when I consider something to be unprofessional or unacceptable. 1. How did the author feel when she left the interview room? A. Extremely nervous. B. Deeply frustrated. C. Slightly regretful. D. Surprisingly calm. 2. Why did the author choose Professor Martin? A. He offered her a flexible tutoring schedule. B. He was known for his strict teaching methods. C. He had helped her during the difficult moment. D. He was the only professor who gave her a high grade. 3. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Capable but overly sensitive. B. Courageous and straightforward. C. Hardworking but easily discouraged. D. Remarkably quick but deeply unforgiving. 4. Which of the following is the best title? A. Sweat, Tears, and a Triangle Mistake. B. I Made a Mistake — and Got an Apology. C. I Divided by 4 — and Got the Last Laugh. D. A Flooded Board, a Divided Formula, and a Job Offer. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 【语篇解读】文章主要讲述作者应聘数学辅导岗位时临场犯错倍感失落，最终却成功入职，后续直面调侃自己的教授并维护自身立场，从中收获成长感悟的故事。 1. 推理判断题。根据原文第二段“I left the room with my head down.(我低着头离开了房间。)”可知，作者离开面试房间时内心十分沮丧。 1. 细节理解题。根据原文第三段“My grade gave me the opportunity to choose which professor I wanted to work with and I chose the one who had saved me at that moment, professor Martin!(我的成绩让我可以选择合作的教授，我选择了当时帮我解围的马丁教授。)”可知，作者选择马丁教授是因为他曾在窘境中帮助过自己。 2. 推理判断题。根据原文第五段“I felt extremely angry and confronted the professor immediately.(我十分气愤，立刻前去与这位教授对峙。)”及“I told him how unprofessional it was for him to mock a student who was just trying her best and if I were truly incompetent, the hiring committee — including him — was at fault.(我告诉他，嘲讽一名拼尽全力的学生是很不专业的行为。倘若我确实能力不足，那包括他在内的招聘委员会也难辞其咎。)”可知，作者性格坦率，敢于直面问题、表达自身想法，勇敢且直率。 3. 主旨大意题。根据原文第二段“ It was going pretty well, actually, until I said something ridiculous. I said something like: “The area of the triangle is the base times the height divided by 4.”(其实讲解过程原本还算顺利，直到我说出了荒唐的话。我当时说道：“三角形面积等于底乘高再除以四。”)”及第三段“Days later, I found out that I had passed the competition and secured a position.(几天后，我得知自己通过考核，成功获得了这份岗位。)”可知，全文围绕作者计算三角形面积出现除以4的失误展开，虽当众出糗，最终却成功被录取，还勇敢争取自身权益，扭转局面笑到最后。 Passage 3 (2026·浙江绍兴市诸暨市·5月高三适应性考试)--人物传记 Alia Bhatt grew up in Mumbai surrounded by animals, largely because her sister Shaheen kept bringing home stray kittens. These strays often arrived in poor condition — starving or sick. When their mother tried to stop the parade of kittens, the girls hid them in their room until they recovered. “It was compulsive, almost,” Bhatt says. “My heart opened up very young.” This love of animals stayed with her into adulthood. Today, as one of India’s most recognizable actresses with nearly 90 million Instagram followers, she uses her reach to highlight animal welfare and environmental issues through films, children’s books, and campaigns. “I started to question if my voice had quality,” she says. “I decided to focus on something I’m passionate about — and that’s animals.” Bhatt’s tactics(策略) are creative and varied. Her 2021-founded production company, Eternal Sunshine, has a logo featuring two cats. She executive produced Poacher, a 2024 hit miniseries based on a real elephant poaching investigation in India. Eternal Sunshine also partners with an eco-film festival to encourage filmmakers to focus on the environment. “Stories have an amazing way to impact our minds,” Bhatt says. “Once you tell a story, it’s there forever.” Stories can profoundly impact children, and Bhatt is the author of The Adventures of Ed-a-Mamma, a children’s book series following a girl and her adopted dog on animal-helping adventures. Inspired by her daughter’s love for animals, she aims to foster children’s passion for wildlife. Bhatt also launched MiSu, a resale platform for pre-loved celebrity clothes, extending garment lifespans, cutting waste, and boosting India’s circular fashion. Bhatt doesn’t consider herself an environmental expert. Her partner Dorita D’ Souza notes she makes conservation accessible, driven by the deep empathy for animals she developed in childhood. 1. What drives Alia Bhatt to engage in animal and environmental protection? A. Fame seeking. B. Family pressure. C. Childhood passion. D. Expertise pursuit. 2. What is a practical measure taken by Alia Bhatt for public welfare? A. Keeping stray animals at home. B. Producing related films and books. C. Launching a new clothing brand. D. Reducing entertainment activities. 3. Which of the following can best describe Alia Bhatt according to the text? A. Cautious and ambitious. B. Humorous and diligent. C. Compassionate and committed. D. Generous and innovative. 4. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. Childhood experiences shape lifelong deeds. B. Small acts of kindness make a great difference. C. Media raises public awareness of welfare issues. D. Celebrities should bear more social responsibilities. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C 4. A 【语篇解读】本文讲述了印度知名女演员阿莉雅·布哈特从小与动物结缘，成年后利用自身影响力，通过制作环保主题影视作品、撰写儿童动物保护书籍、推出二手服装转售平台等多种方式，积极投身动物福利与环境保护事业的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“‘It was compulsive, almost,’ Bhatt says. ‘My heart opened up very young.’(“这几乎难以自禁，”布哈特说，“我的心很早就敞开了。”)”以及第二段中的“This love of animals stayed with her into adulthood.(这份对动物的热爱一直伴随她到成年。)”可知，童年时期对动物的热爱是她投身动物和环保事业的驱动力。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“She executive produced Poacher, a 2024 hit miniseries based on a real elephant poaching investigation in India.(她担任了2024年热门迷你剧《偷猎者》的执行制片人，该剧基于印度一起真实的大象偷猎调查事件改编。)”以及第四段中的“Bhatt is the author of The Adventures of Ed-a-Mamma, a children’s book series following a girl and her adopted dog on animal-helping adventures.(布哈特是《艾德妈妈历险记》系列儿童书籍的作者，该系列讲述了一个女孩和她收养的狗一起帮助动物的冒险故事。)”可知，制作相关的电影和撰写书籍是她采取的实际公益措施。 3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“Alia Bhatt grew up in Mumbai surrounded by animals, largely because her sister Shaheen kept bringing home stray kittens. These strays often arrived in poor condition — starving or sick. When their mother tried to stop the parade of kittens, the girls hid them in their room until they recovered. “It was compulsive, almost,” Bhatt says. “My heart opened up very young.”(阿莉雅·布哈特在孟买长大，周围都是动物，这主要是因为她的妹妹莎欣一直带着流浪小猫回家。这些流浪猫来的时候往往身体状况不佳——饥饿或生病。当她们的母亲试图阻止小猫时，女孩们把它们藏在房间里，直到它们康复。“这几乎难以自禁，”布哈特说，“我的心很早就敞开了。”)”和第二段中的“she uses her reach to highlight animal welfare and environmental issues through films, children’s books, and campaigns.(她利用自己的影响力通过电影、儿童读物和活动来强调动物福利和环境问题。)”以及全文内容可知，她童年照顾流浪猫、成年后致力于动物福利和环保事业，由此可推测出，她富有同情心且坚定投入。 4. 推理判断题。文章开篇描述了布哈特童年时期救助流浪猫的经历，随后讲述了这份童年的热爱如何延续到成年，促使她利用自己的影响力通过电影、书籍和平台进行动物保护和环保活动，结尾“she makes conservation accessible, driven by the deep empathy for animals she developed in childhood.(她让保护变得触手可及，这是她在童年时期对动物产生的深切同情所驱动的。)”也提到她童年的共情心驱动了她的行动。整篇文章贯穿了童年经历对她成年后行为和事业选择的决定性影响。 Passage 4 (2026·福建南平市·二模)--人物传记 When Lila Martinez moved to Maple Street, she was struck by a marked contrast. The houses were well-kept, with flowers blooming in most yards, but at the corner of her block sat a 1,200-square-foot parking lot — a dumping ground for old tires, broken furniture, and overgrown weeds. To Lila, it looked like a “wound” that the neighborhood had simply learned to ignore. Instead of complaining, the 17-year-old decided to take action. She began knocking on doors, a clipboard in hand, asking her neighbors, “What would you do with that lot if you could?” Mrs. Henderson, an 82-year-old resident living alone, teared up as she said, “I used to have a garden, but I can’t bend down anymore. I’d love to smell fresh flowers again.” Mr. Torres, the owner of the local grocery store, offered to donate tools and soil. Even the teenagers were interested, suggesting a place to play basketball. Lila realized the project was bigger than just cleaning up rubbish. She named it the “Maple Community Garden” and launched a crowdfunding campaign. With the raised money, she hired a local construction company to level the ground. The first Saturday was backbreaking. Lila and twenty volunteers filled 40 garbage bags with rubbish. As the weeks passed, the lot began to breathe again. Sunflowers towered over the fence, attracting bees and butterflies. Tomatoes ripened on the vine. More importantly, the people began to bloom. The teens who helped build the basketball court started assisting Mrs. Henderson to carry her groceries. Mr. Torres began hosting weekly barbecues using vegetables from the garden. Neighbors who had lived next to each other for decades but never spoken were now exchanging recipes and gardening tips. Lila said, “I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.” 1. Why did Lila view the lot as a “wound”? A. It ruined the street’s beauty. B. It took up much space. C. It caused conflicts in neighbors. D. It reminded her of an injury. 2. Which of the following best describes the residents’ response? A. Surprised. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Emotional. 3. What did Lila do for the community project? A. She offered tools and soil. B. She raised money door to door. C. She secured support to transform the lot. D. She encouraged neighbors to grow vegetables. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Ways to Build a Better Block B. The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood C. Cares for the Old in the Community D. A Teenager’s Dream of a Lovely Garden 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 4. B 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述了17岁的莱拉·马丁内斯发现社区角落的空地被当作垃圾场后，主动发起项目，将其改造成社区花园，不仅改善了环境，还拉近了邻里关系的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The houses were well-kept, with flowers blooming in most yards, but at the corner of her block sat a 1,200-square-foot parking lot-a dumping ground for old tires, broken furniture, and overgrown weeds.(大多数院子里的房子都保养得很好，鲜花盛开，但在她街区的拐角处，有一个1200平方英尺的停车场——一个堆放旧轮胎、破旧家具和杂草丛生的垃圾场。)”可知，这个空地堆满垃圾，破坏了街道的美观，所以莱拉把它看作“伤口”。 2. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Mrs. Henderson, an 82-year-old resident living alone, teared up as she said, “I used to have a garden, but I can’t bend down anymore. I’d love to smell fresh flowers again.” Mr. Torres, the owner of the local grocery store, offered to donate tools and soil. Even the teenagers were interested, suggesting a place to play basketball.(亨德森夫人是一位 82 岁的独居老人，她眼含泪水说道：“我以前有个小花园，可现在再也弯不了腰了。我好想再闻一闻鲜花的芬芳。”当地杂货店老板托雷斯先生主动提出捐赠园艺工具和泥土，就连附近的青少年也热心参与，还提议顺带规划出一块篮球场。)”可知，居民们纷纷表达意愿、提供帮助，对莱拉的项目持支持态度。 3. 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She began knocking on doors, a clipboard in hand, asking her neighbors, “What would you do with that lot if you could?”(她手里拿着写字板，开始挨家挨户敲门，向邻居们询问：“如果可以的话，你们想把那块空地用来做什么？”)”以及第四段中的“She named it the ‘Maple Community Garden’ and launched a crowdfunding campaign. With the raised money, she hired a local construction company to level the ground.(她将这里命名为“枫叶社区花园”，并发起了众筹活动。她用筹集到的资金聘请了当地一家建筑公司平整土地。)”以及后文邻居们的参与可知，莱拉通过敲门征求意见、众筹资金、雇佣施工公司，还获得了邻居们的各种支持，最终改造了这片空地。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，莱拉将社区里的垃圾场改造成社区花园，不仅改善了环境，还让原本疏远的邻里变得亲密，治愈了整个社区的隔阂。结合最后一段莱拉所说的“I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.(我以为我只是在建一个花园，但我真正建造的是一座桥。那个空地曾经把我们分开，现在它把我们连接在一起。)”可知，“The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood(治愈社区的花园)”最能概括文章主旨。 Passage 5 (2026·河北衡水中学·二模)--人物传记 Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets(网状网): they frequently became blocked by the very water drops they caught, which severely reduced their effectiveness. Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp(竖琴)”. Maya decided to use the handy materials to create her own “Fog Harp”. At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind. Little did they know this simple-looking setup would soon prove surprisingly effective. The remarkable efficiency of Maya’s Fog Harp lies in its clever use of gravity. In a traditional mesh net, tiny water drops get easily trapped within the small square gaps, which stop further collection. This occurs because the surface tension — the invisible, stretchy “skin” of liquid water — is too strong for the small drops to overcome. In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below. Of course, the project faced its share of setbacks. During one severe coastal storm, the extreme wind tore through the wooden frame. Yet, instead of giving in to despair, she immediately set out to fix the problem by reinforcing the entire structure with durable steel wires. By the time autumn arrived, Maya’s “Fog Harps” were reliably producing plenty of fresh water every day, partly meeting the daily water needs of the village. 1. Why did Maya observe the thick mist in her afternoons? A. To predict the weather conditions. B. To clarify the reasons for drought. C. To check the efficiency of the mesh nets. D. To work out a solution to water shortage. 2. What can we know about Maya’s “Fog Harp”? A. It was a musical instrument. B. It invited villagers’ acid words. C. It presented an inborn fault. D. It featured a solid metal frame. 3. What is the key for Maya’s Fog Harp to function well? A. Its use of cross wires. B. Its mesh-net structure. C. Its weak surface tension. D. Its unique design and use of gravity. 4. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Look before you leap. B. Better late than never. C. Think outside the box. D. Time waits for no man. 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. C 【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了高中生Maya Martinez在干旱期间，通过观察雾气并改进传统集雾网，发明了高效的“雾竖琴”来解决村庄缺水问题的故事。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. (Maya Martinez是北加州一个雾霭笼罩的沿海村庄的高中毕业班学生。她注意到，在有记录以来最干旱的夏天，社区花园正在逐渐干涸。当村民们束手无策时，玛雅选择在午后仔细观察从海上滚滚而来的浓雾)”可知，Maya观察浓雾是为了找出解决缺水问题的方法。 2. 细节理解题。根据第三段中“At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind.(起初，当她将数百根细直的金属丝绷在一个坚固的木制框架上时，邻居们都怀疑地看着这个过程。在他们看来，这个装置看起来充其量不过是一个“巨大的乐器”，只在寒冷的海风中发出无用的声音)”可知，Maya的“雾竖琴”被说成是无用的乐器，招来了村民们尖刻的评论。 3. 推理判断题。根据第四段中“The remarkable efficiency of Maya’s Fog Harp lies in its clever use of gravity. (Maya的雾竖琴之所以效率显著，在于其巧妙地利用了重力)”和“In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below.(相比之下，在玛雅的“雾竖琴”中，水滴撞击金属丝后，会缓慢地融合成更大的水滴。最重要的是，由于没有交叉的金属丝固定这些较大的水滴，重力很容易克服表面张力，使水沿着金属丝轻松滑下，收集到下方的水箱中)”可知，雾竖琴高效工作的关键在于其独特的设计和对重力的运用。 4. 推理判断题。通读全文，结合第一段中“Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. (Maya Martinez是北加州一个雾霭笼罩的沿海村庄的高中毕业班学生。她注意到，在有记录以来最干旱的夏天，社区花园正在逐渐干涸。当村民们束手无策时，玛雅选择在午后仔细观察从海上滚滚而来的浓雾)”和第二段中“Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets... Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp (竖琴)”. (Maya已经发现了传统集雾网状网的一个关键缺陷……为了深入寻找解决方案，Maya发现了两位科学家设计的一种新颖装置——“雾竖琴”)”可知，Maya没有像村民那样束手无策，而是通过观察和思考，改进了传统集雾装置，发明了更高效的“雾竖琴”来解决缺水问题。这体现了她跳出传统思维定式、创新解决问题的精神。 Passage 6 (2026届安徽省省十教育高三最后一卷)—环境保护 Near Vihaan and Nav Agarwal’s home, a big garbage dump(垃圾场) caved in, releasing poisonous chemicals into the surrounding streets, which caused a fire to erupt. Following this event, Vihaan and Nav decided to take action to improve their city’s waste collection to ultimately improve their own health and that of their neighbors. Vihaan struggled with a persistent cough and shortness of breath. He knew his symptoms would not likely improve until his local community improved its waste management solutions. In 2018, at ages 14 and 11, respectively, the brothers created a home recycling program called One Step Greener that managed recycling for 15 households within their community. Their goal: prevent toxic chemical waste from seeping(渗透) into the environment and creating dangerous health conditions for residents. At first, the boys felt empowered by taking the action of separating waste into distinct categories. When local officials then informed them that the local garbage collection crew would not pick up their separated bags, they felt momentarily defeated, but persisted in their efforts. The boys then created a neighborhood coalition to create a unified recycling program, which 15 households took part in. Local authorities adjusted their stance, and the recycling program spread throughout the community with a growing number of households starting to participate. “The main issue in waste management is that everybody thinks it’s not their job, or if the waste is out of their house, it’s out of their mind,” Vihaan said. Vihaan and Nav’s program grew from managing 15 households to 3,000 throughout 14 Indian cities. The program offers families involved free door-to-door dry waste pickups. The separated waste is then delivered to warehouses where it is further divided to ensure proper recycling. Newspapers are separated from A4 printing paper, PET plastic from polypropylene, and computer screens from keyboards. One Step Greener’s goal reads, “One Step Greener’s mission is to transform environmental action into everyday practice by mobilizing youth, building green communities, and designing scalable solutions in waste management, afforestation, and education — starting at the grassroots, and growing toward systems change.” “It’s an old saying, but collective effort does actually make a difference,” said Vihaan. 1. What inspired Vihaan and Nav to start One Step Greener? A. The locals’ waste collection failure. B. A project on waste management. C. A landfill collapse near their home. D. The city’s campaign for recycling. 2. What was local authorities’ attitude to the program after the neighborhood’s participation? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 3. What did One Step Greener do for the participating households? A. It picked up dry waste for free. B. It educated them online about recycling. C. It delivered newspapers to them. D. It paid them for their recyclable materials. 4. What does Vihaan and Nav’s program show? A. Better late than never. B. Teamwork makes the dream work. C. Knowledge is power. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. B 【语篇解读】文章主要讲述了印度兄弟创立环保项目改善垃圾回收。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Near Vihaan and Nav Agarwal’s home, a big garbage dump caved in, releasing poisonous chemicals into the surrounding streets, which caused a fire to erupt. (在维汉和纳夫·阿加瓦尔家附近，一个大垃圾场塌陷了，有毒化学物质泄漏到周围的街道上，引发了一场大火)”和第二段中“Following this event, Vihaan and Nav decided to take action to improve their city’s waste collection(在这一事件之后，维汉和纳夫决定采取行动改善他们城市的废物收集)”可知，激发他们创立项目的原因是家附近的垃圾填埋场坍塌事故。 2. 推理判断题。根据第五段中“Local authorities adjusted their stance, and the recycling program spread throughout the community with a growing number of households starting to participate. (当地当局调整了立场，随着越来越多的家庭开始参与，这个回收项目在整个社区推广开来)”可知，在社区参与后，当局调整了立场并支持项目的推广，态度是赞成的。 3. 细节理解题。根据第七段中“The program offers families involved free door-to-door dry waste pickups. (该项目为参与的家庭提供免费的干垃圾上门回收服务)”可知，项目为参与的家庭免费回收干垃圾。 4. 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“One Step Greener’s goal reads, “One Step Greener’s mission is to transform environmental action into everyday practice by mobilizing youth, building green communities, and designing scalable solutions in waste management, afforestation, and education — starting at the grassroots, and growing toward systems change.”(“一步变绿”的目标宣言写道：“‘一步变绿’的使命是通过动员青年、建设绿色社区以及在废物管理、植树造林和教育领域设计可扩展的解决方案，将环保行动转化为日常实践——从基层做起，逐步推动系统变革。”)”以及最后一段““It’s an old saying, but collective effort does actually make a difference,” said Vihaan.(维汉表示：“这是一句老话，但集体的努力确实能带来改变。”)”可知，这个项目展示了团队协作的力量。 Passage 7 (2026届福建名校联盟高中毕业班月考)—环境保护 Carrying his “sound hunter’s” backpack with a headset, a recorder, and fifteen specialized microphones, Charles Rose sets out to explore Lyon’s Tête d’Or Park. He places his microphone against a rock as if taking its pulse(脉搏). He is focused, listening to a language only he seems to understand. Charles Rose is an audio naturalist. In his ears, trees whisper with human-like voices, queen bees cry, and ant nests crackle(噼啪作响) like campfires. His journey began in 2019 during a trip to Norway. While searching for sounds to sample for his musical compositions, he found himself attracted by the natural soundscapes. That trip became the turning point: he started recording flowing rivers, wooden churches, and animal calls. These recordings soon became albums of their own. From them, he builds a “sound library” that reflects the richness of ecosystems worldwide. Months ago, he traveled to the Tuvalu islands in the South Pacific where 95% of the area could be submerged by the end of the century. He recorded everything: the wind, the waves, the birds, the trees, the silence between sounds. These sounds now live in a sound bank that will immortalize the island’s memory and keep it long after the land disappears. Today, over 40,000 species are threatened by climate change, according to the latest report by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. For Rose, recording nature is a form of conservation. “By capturing the sound of an insect moving under our feet,” he says, “I want to make the living being more alive in the eyes of humans. I believe the more we listen, the more we respect.” Night is about to fall on the park as the rain arrives. While Sunday walkers rush for cover, Charles Rose smiles and excitedly heads to the pond. He kneels at the water’s edge, lowers a microphone beneath the surface, puts on his headset, and closes his eyes. 1. Why did Charles Rose go to Norway? A. He planned to build a sound library. B. He wanted to study local ecosystems. C. He intended to look for musical inspiration. D. He hoped to photograph natural landscapes. 2. What does the underlined word “immortalize” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Recall. B. Replace. C. Update. D. Safeguard. 3. What is Charles Rose’s purpose in recording nature? A. To teach people listening skills. B. To do research on climate change. C. To raise environmental awareness. D. To learn animals’ special language. 4. Which words best describe Charles Rose? A. Devoted and far-sighted. B. Creative and carefree. C. Curious and cool-headed. D. Humorous and easygoing. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 【语篇解读】主要讲述音频自然主义者查尔斯录制自然之声，用声音记录濒危之地，以此呼吁人们保护自然。 1. 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His journey began in 2019 during a trip to Norway. While searching for sounds to sample for his musical compositions, he found himself attracted by the natural soundscapes.(他的旅程始于2019年的挪威之行。当时他正在为自己的音乐作品寻找采样音效，却被自然音景深深吸引。)”可知，他前往挪威是为了寻找音乐创作的灵感与素材。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第四段中的“Months ago, he traveled to the Tuvalu islands in the South Pacific where 95% of the area could be submerged by the end of the century. He recorded everything: the wind, the waves, the birds, the trees, the silence between sounds. These sounds now live in a sound bank that will immortalize the island’s memory and keep it long after the land disappears.(数月前，他前往南太平洋的图瓦卢群岛，该地区百分之九十五的区域可能在本世纪末被海水淹没。他记录下当地的一切声响。这些声音存入音库，在岛屿消失后也能长久immortalize岛屿的印记。)”可知，岛屿面临被淹没的危机，录制声音是为了留存、守护岛屿的记忆，因此画线单词表示“守护、留存”，与safeguard意义相近。 3. 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“For Rose, recording nature is a form of conservation. “By capturing the sound of an insect moving under our feet,” he says, “I want to make the living being more alive in the eyes of humans. I believe the more we listen, the more we respect.”(对罗斯而言，录制自然之声是一种保护方式。他表示，捕捉脚下小虫的声响，是为了让人们真切感受到生灵的存在，聆听越多，敬畏之心便越深。)”可知，他录制自然声音是为了提升人们的环保意识。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段中的“That trip became the turning point: he started recording flowing rivers, wooden churches, and animal calls. These recordings soon became albums of their own. From them, he builds a “sound library” that reflects the richness of ecosystems worldwide.(那次旅行成为了转折点：他开始录制流淌的河流、木质教堂以及动物的叫声。这些录音很快被制作成专辑，他还借此建立了一座声音库，展现全球生态系统的丰富样貌。)”以及第四段中的“Months ago, he traveled to the Tuvalu islands in the South Pacific where 95% of the area could be submerged by the end of the century. He recorded everything: the wind, the waves, the birds, the trees, the silence between sounds.(数月前，他前往南太平洋的图瓦卢群岛，该地区百分之九十五的区域可能在本世纪末被海水淹没。他记录下当地的一切声响。)”可知，他长期坚持录制自然声音，对待事业全心投入，还提前记录濒危岛屿的声音，具有长远眼光，因此他是专注投入且富有远见的人。 Passage 8 (2026届湖北省武昌实验中学高考适应性考试)--人物传记 In Qingdao, a guesthouse named “Yameng’s Home” is marked by a Barbie doll in a wheelchair at its entrance. Operated by 29-year-old Cui Yameng, it embodies her mission to create a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities. Cui’s dedication began in high school through volunteer work, leading her to study special education. Her travels with physically-challenged friends during university revealed how everyday obstacles like small steps became significant barriers. This inspired her long-term goal of an accessible hotel. As a practical start, she transformed her apartment’s first floor into this inclusive guesthouse in 2023. Every detail is designed for accessibility: a low entrance ramp, lowered kitchen counters, an adjustable bathroom mirror, and customized bed heights. Cui offers free stays to guests with disabilities, requesting only a personal story in return. Her aim is to provide dignified and comfortable accommodation. Her first guest was a young woman who had lost both legs. Cui arranged a tandem (双人自行车) bicycle ride along the coast for her — a first-time experience the guest later shared online. The post inspired many followers, including one man who embarked on his first solo trip in twenty years. Cui points out that the core issue is not an absence of accessible facilities, but rather a lack of public awareness about disabilities. Besides the guesthouse, she works at a local welfare center, organizing activities where children wear blindfolds to experience daily life without sight to foster public understanding. Her initiative has created a ripple effect. After gaining online attention, she began receiving requests from local businesses for accessible design advice. Cui hopes her story empowers others to contribute according to their capacities. To date, her guesthouse has hosted 28 guests and received international bookings. Cui acknowledges China’s progress in accessibility, citing supportive laws and improved services. Yet, her ultimate wish is for a future where such specialized accommodations become unnecessary, as affordable, accessible options are available everywhere. She sincerely looks forward to that day. 1. What inspired Cui to design the guesthouse? A. Her work at a welfare center. B. Volunteer service in her youth. C. Her academic pursuit of special education. D. Her travel experiences with disabled friends. 2. What can be inferred about Cui’s influence? A. She has built business partnerships. B. She has motivated disabled travelers. C. She has absorbed government funding. D. She has transformed traditional hotels. 3. Which of the following best describes Cui? A. Traditional and cautious. B. Humorous and ambitious. C. Romantic and adventurous. D. Pioneering and compassionate. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Home Without Barriers B. A Chance for New Business C. A Hero of Online Campaign D. A Center for Special Education 【答案】1. D 2. B 3. D 4. A 【语篇解读】本文主要讲述崔雅梦创办无障碍民宿帮助残障人士的故事。 1.细节理解题。根据第二段“Her travels with physically-challenged friends during university revealed how everyday obstacles like small steps became significant barriers. This inspired her long-term goal of an accessible hotel. (大学期间她和残障朋友的旅行让她看到，台阶这类日常障碍会变成巨大困难，这启发她立下打造无障碍酒店的长期目标。)”可知，崔雅梦设计民宿的灵感来源于她与残障朋友的旅行经历。 2.推理判断题。根据第三段“The post inspired many followers, including one man who embarked on his first solo trip in twenty years. (这个帖子鼓舞了很多关注者，包括一位男子开启了20年来第一次独自旅行。 )”可知，崔雅梦的事迹激励了残障旅行者勇敢出行。 3.推理判断题。根据全文内容，尤其是第二段“As a practical start, she transformed her apartment's first floor into this inclusive guesthouse in 2023. (作为实际的开端，她在2023年将公寓一楼改造成了这家包容性民宿。)”以及“Cui offers free stays to guests with disabilities, requesting only a personal story in return. (崔为残障客人提供免费住宿，只要求对方分享个人故事作为回报。)”可知，崔雅梦具有开创性和富有同情心的特质。 4.主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段“Operated by 29-year-old Cui Yameng, it embodies her mission to create a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities. (由29岁的崔雅梦经营，它体现了她为残障人士创造无障碍环境的使命。)”可知，本文核心主题是打造无障碍的“家”。 Passage 9 (2026安徽皖南八校第三次联考高三4月教学质量检测)--人物传记 In the world of quantum(量子) information, precision is everything. For 29-year-old doctoral candidate Wang Haigang, that precision doesn’t come from his hands, but from his feet. Sitting in a quiet laboratory at Taiyuan University of Technology, Wang runs complex simulations and drafts research papers with his right foot on the mouse and his left on the keyboard. It is a scene of intense focus that recently earned him the university’s highest honor: the President’s Scholarship. Wang’s journey began with a childhood tragedy. At age 8, an accident with a high-voltage wire resulted in the loss of both arms. While the suffering was immense, Wang chose a path of independence. By the end of his first summer without arms, with the support of his family, he had mastered writing neat characters with his toes. Wang often studied until the early hours, enduring leg cramps(抽筋) and stomach pain from sitting bent over for too long. Gradually, he discovered a passion for mathematics, which gave him joy and direction in learning. In 2015, Wang was admitted to Shandong University of Science and Technology. In 2020, he pursued a master’s degree at the School of Mathematics at Taiyuan University of Technology, embarking on a combined master’s and doctoral program. That same year, he was named “a star of self-reliant Chinese college students”. The six years Wang spent at the university in Taiyuan marked a period of rapid growth. He achieved breakthroughs in research, built valuable relationships and embraced independence. Rejecting his parents’ offer to accompany him, he traveled alone to the university, completing all the admission procedures by himself. “I’ve grown up. I can’t rely on my parents forever. If they were always by my side, I would never truly become independent,” Wang said. Wang published his research findings in the field of quantum information as the first author in the journal Communications Physics, showcasing his exceptional research potential. 1. What did Wang do soon after losing his arms? A. He learned to write neatly with his toes. B. He started independent academic research. C. He was admitted to a university right away. D. He developed a great love for mathematics. 2. What brought Wang joy and clear learning direction? A. His honors from the university. B. His family’s continuous support. C. His quantum research achievements. D. His deep passion for mathematics. 3. Why did Wang refuse his parents’ company to university? A. To avoid prejudice from his classmates. B. To reduce financial burden on his family. C. To achieve true independence in his growth. D. To get special accommodation from the school. 4. Which of the following best describes Wang Haigang’s personality? A. Outgoing and quiet. B. Self-reliant and determined. C. Honest and tolerant. D. Generous and responsible. 【答案】1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了失去双臂的博士生王海港凭借脚趾完成学业、专注量子信息研究并取得突破性成果的励志故事。 1.细节理解题。根据第二段中“By the end of his first summer without arms, with the support of his family, he had mastered writing neat characters with his toes.(在失去双臂后的第一个夏天结束时，在家人的支持下，他已经掌握了用脚趾工整写字的技能)”可知，失去双臂后，王海港很快学会了用脚趾工整地写字。故选A项。 2.细节理解题。根据第三段中“Gradually, he discovered a passion for mathematics, which gave him joy and direction in learning.(渐渐地，他发现了对数学的热情，这给了他学习的快乐和方向)”可知，对数学的热爱为王海港带来了快乐和明确的学习方向。故选D项。 3.细节理解题。根据第四段中“Rejecting his parents’ offer to accompany him, he traveled alone to the university, completing all the admission procedures by himself. “I’ve grown up. I can’t rely on my parents forever. If they were always by my side, I would never truly become independent,” Wang said.(他拒绝了父母的提议，独自前往大学，自己完成了所有的入学手续。“我已经长大了。我不能永远依赖父母。如果他们一直在我身边，我就永远不会真正独立，”王说)”可知，王海港拒绝父母陪同上学是为了在成长中实现真正的独立。故选C项。 4.推理判断题。根据第二段中“While the suffering was immense, Wang chose a path of independence.(尽管痛苦巨大，王还是选择了独立之路)”、第三段中“Wang often studied until the early hours, enduring leg cramps (抽筋) and stomach pain from sitting bent over for too long.(王经常学习到凌晨，忍受着因长时间弯腰而导致的腿部抽筋和胃痛)”以及第四段中“Rejecting his parents’ offer to accompany him, he traveled alone to the university, completing all the admission procedures by himself.(他拒绝了父母陪同的提议，独自前往大学，独自完成了所有入学手续)”可知，王海港在面对失去双臂的困境时，选择了独立和坚持，凭借顽强的毅力完成了学业并取得科研突破，由此可推知，王海港的性格是自立且坚定的。故选B项。 Passage 10 (2026·江苏省天一中学·二模)--文化艺术 When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face.” Later, as an illustrated journalist, I planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage — to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. The adult’s serious criticism. B. The lack of clear drawing rules. C. The adult’s fixed way of drawing. D. The strangeness of the adult’s face. 2. Why were the drawings described as “terrible but wonderful” in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “The entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The library’s hidden social service. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. The intention to help the homeless. D. The discovery of good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. A 4. C 【语篇解读】主要讲述作者从绘画经历中感悟到，摒弃固有模板、用心深度观察，才能看见事物与世界的真实模样。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life.(一位成年人迅速帮我把画改成了一个圆形的脸框、圆圆的眼睛、七字形的鼻子和弯弯的嘴巴。我满心疑惑，这般冰冷刻板的轮廓，和我现实里鲜活的脸庞截然不同。)”可知，成年人固化、模板化的绘画方式与现实鲜活的人脸不符，让作者感到困惑。 2. 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away.( 因为他们描绘的是亲眼所见，而非脑海中既定的人脸模样。他们还做出难得的举动：整整一分钟对视凝望，目光始终没有移开。)”可知，这些画作画面粗糙不精致，却是真实观察所得，充满生命力，因此糟糕却美好。 3. 词句猜测题。根据第三段中的“Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat and showers for the homeless.(我原本以为仅用于借书、查邮件的电脑，实则是人们求职找房的救命工具，公共洗手间的水池为无家可归者提供洗衣、淋浴的便利。)”可知，图书馆看似普通的设施，暗藏着服务弱势群体的隐性社会功能，由此可知，划线短语指的是图书馆潜藏的社会服务价值。 4. 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是尾段中的“I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you.(我并非期许人人都成为艺术家，但每个人都能学会用心洞察。放慢脚步、留心细节、真切观察，你会重新爱上这个世界与身边所有人。)”可知，文章以绘画识人、观察图书馆为线索，核心主旨是呼吁人们摆脱固有认知，用心看见真实的人与事物，因此“Seeing the Real Face(窥见真实面容)”最能概括全文核心，适合作为最佳标题。 Passage 11 (2026·河北黄骅中学·二模)--人与动植物 The conventional perception of cattle’s intelligence has been challenged by the first scientifically documented instance of tool use in cattle. Veronika, a pet cow in Austria, was observed purposefully using a tool to scratch(挠) different parts of her body. This behavior provides convincing evidence that cows may possess mental abilities far beyond what was previously assumed. Veronika's unique status as a pet, rather than a farm animal, allows her the autonomy to do what she wants when she wants to. She frequently has itchy(发痒的) spots on her skin from horsefly bites, leading her to independently think up a solution. Her owner says, “For years,Veronika has picked up sticks with her mouth and used them to scratch herself. She wasn’t taught to do this — she just figured it out. ” Dr. Alice Auersperg, an expert in animal problem-solving, was attracted upon seeing a video of Veronika in action. Tool use, though documented in select species like chimpanzees, elephants, and crows, had never been reported in cows. This motivated her team to design an experiment, presenting Veronika with a broom(扫帚). Veronika skillfully handled the broom, using her tongue and teeth to lift it, and then applied it to scratch herself. She strategically employed the hard end for her tough back skin, and the stick end for softer, more sensitive areas like the areas underneath her body. The fact that Veronika was using two different parts of the broom for different reasons is important. The scientists describe it as “multi-purpose tool use”. That’s a skill that, until now, has only been seen in chimpanzees. Even so, the researchers believe that most cows likely possess similar intelligence, but never get a chance to show it due to their shortened lifespans for meat or milk production. The researchers say Veronika’s long and interesting life may have helped her develop. Veronika is 13 years old. And, as a pet, she’s had many chances to learn and grow. 1. What can we learn about Veronika from the first two paragraphs? A. She suffers from skin diseases easily. B. She was taught to use sticks by her owner. C. She shows higher intelligence than other animals. D. She is the first recorded tool-using cow. 2. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3? A. Cows’ unexpected mental abilities. B. The uniqueness of Veronika’s pet status. C. Specific methods of Veronika’s tool handling. D. Scientific significance of tool use across species. 3. What is the researchers’ attitude toward the possibility of tool use in other cows? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Curious. 4. What is the best title of the text? A. Veronika:A Different Pet Cow. B. Tool-Using Cow Surprises Scientists. C. Pet Cows:Unlocking Hidden Intelligence. D. The Experimental Design for Veronika’s Test. 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 【语篇解读】文章讲述了一头宠物奶牛自主学会使用工具挠痒，还能巧用工具不同部位，刷新科学认知，研究认为多数奶牛都潜藏着这类智慧。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“The conventional perception of cattle’s intelligence has been challenged by the first scientifically documented instance of tool use in cattle.(首个有科学记录的牛使用工具的案例，颠覆了人们对牛智商的固有认知。)”可知，维罗妮卡是首个被记录下来会使用工具的奶牛。 1. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Tool use, though documented in select species like chimpanzees, elephants, and crows, had never been reported in cows.(使用工具此前仅在黑猩猩、大象等少数动物身上发现，从未在牛身上出现过。)”以及“Veronika skillfully handled the broom,using her tongue and teeth to lift it, and then applied it to scratch herself.(韦罗妮卡熟练地摆弄扫帚，用舌头和牙齿把它挑起来，然后用它给自己挠痒。)”可知，本段作者意在展现牛出人意料的思维与智慧。 2. 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Even so, the researchers believe that most cows likely possess similar intelligence, but never get a chance to show it.(即便如此，研究人员认为大多数奶牛都具备同等智商，只是缺少展现的机会。)”可知，研究人员对其他奶牛具备使用工具的能力持积极肯定的态度。 3. 主旨大意题。根据第一段“The conventional perception of cattle’s intelligence has been challenged by the first scientifically documented instance of tool use in cattle.(首个牛使用工具的科学案例，打破了人们对牛智力的传统看法。)”以及全文围绕这头会使用工具的奶牛展开讲述，震惊科学界这一核心内容可知，B选项“Tool-Using Cow Surprises Scientists(会使用工具的牛令科学家惊叹)”符合文意。 Passage 12 (2026届湖北黄冈市黄梅县第一中学高考模拟)—人与动植物 Teenage star Kyle Thomas, who was popular on a short-video sharing platform, thought it was just a bit of harmless fun when he started posting videos of his growing collection of exotic(由外国引进的) pets alongside food reviews and funny moments. His meerkats(猫鼬) and three rescue foxes became popular, but the negative reactions began when Kyle shared images of his pet capybara(水豚), Queen Elizabeth, wearing a pumpkin hat for Halloween. He soon realized his home was not a suitable environment for his unusual group of animals. The turning point for Kyle came when the capybara passed away from natural causes, which resulted in his mother Zena being charged with illegally bringing her from England to Northern Ireland, where they live. So he turned the whole hoo-ha on its head and decided to open his own exotic animal rescue centre, which is featured in the new BBC documentary We Built A Zoo. “While bringing food to Queen Elizabeth before bed, I found her in a critical state. I tried to give her mouth-to-mouth and we drove her to the animal hospital but when we got there she’d passed away,” Kyle explains. Kyle reflects on previous misunderstandings, stating, “We bought Queen Elizabeth from someone who claimed to be trustworthy. They said we didn’t need a license.” He stresses the importance of people doing their research before getting exotic pets. “The capybara incident was an eye-opener. I want people to understand that exotic animals aren’t pets.” The documentary follows Kyle as he buys a 14-acre piece of land to create a safe space for animals but faces objections from neighbors. His fortunes turn when local farmer Phil Hughes steps in to help him transform Phil’s petting farm into a world-class animal center. “I learned that meerkats don’t make good pets,” Kyle shares. He breaks down in tears upon discovering the reality of the illegal pet trade. “I want to change it and raise awareness.” Now, the wildlife park is open to the public. “We’re turning a petting zoo into something with a greater mission. It’s a long road ahead, but it’s exciting.” 1. What did Kyle do after sharing his exotic pets online? A. He focused more on making videos. B. He recognized the need for proper care. C. He wanted to adopt more exotic animals. D. He stopped caring about their wellbeing. 2. What does the phrase “turned the whole hoo-ha on its head” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Ignored the situation. B. Created more problems. C. Inspired others to take action. D. Turned a problem into an opportunity. 3. How did the community initially react to Kyle’s idea for a rescue center? A. They had many concerns. B. They asked a local farmer for help. C. They tried to help him with resources. D. They offered useful suggestions for his plan. 4. What does Kyle aim to do with the wildlife park? A. To create a facility specifically for meerkats. B. To offer a variety of exotic animals for adoption. C. To provide a fun petting zoo experience for children. D. To educate the public about responsible pet ownership. 【答案】1. B 2. D 3. A 4. D 【语篇解读】文章介绍了网红少年凯尔因饲养外来宠物引发争议，经历水豚离世、家人被指控后，创办外来动物救助中心，呼吁大众理性对待外来宠物。 1. 细节理解题。根据第一段“He soon realized his home was not a suitable environment for his unusual group of animals.(他很快意识到，自己的家并不适合饲养这些特殊的动物。)”可知，在网上分享外来宠物后，凯尔认识到这些动物需要得到妥善的照料。 2. 词句猜测题。根据第二段“The turning point for Kyle came when the capybara passed away from natural causes, which resulted in his mother Zena being charged with illegally bringing her from England to Northern Ireland, where they live. So he turned the whole hoo-ha on its head and decided to open his own exotic animal rescue centre, which is featured in the new BBC documentary We Built A Zoo.(水豚因自然原因离世，成了凯尔人生的转折点。这件事还导致他的母亲泽娜遭到指控，罪名是非法将这只水豚从英格兰带到他们所居住的北爱尔兰。于是凯尔turned the whole hoo-ha on its head，决定创办一家外来动物救助中心，英国广播公司的新纪录片《We Built A Zoo》就专门介绍了这家机构。)”可知，原本的麻烦事被他转变成了新的发展方向，该短语turned the whole hoo-ha on its head应表示“把难题转化为机遇”。 3. 细节理解题。根据第四段“The documentary follows Kyle as he buys a 14-acre piece of land to create a safe space for animals but faces objections from neighbors.(纪录片记录了凯尔买下14英亩土地打算为动物打造安全居所，却遭到了邻居们的反对。)”可知，社区居民起初对此抱有诸多顾虑。 4. 推理判断题。根据第三段“He stresses the importance of people doing their research before getting exotic pets. “The capybara incident was an eye-opener. I want people to understand that exotic animals aren’t pets.”(他强调了人们在饲养外来宠物之前进行研究的重要性。“水豚事件令人大开眼界。我希望人们明白，外来动物不是宠物。”)”以及最后一段“I want to change it and raise awareness.(我想改变现状，提升人们的相关意识。)”可知，凯尔希望借助这座野生动物园，向大众科普负责任的养宠观念。 10 / 30 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 清单02 阅读理解之记叙文 目录导航 01知识脑图·核心脉络搭建——梳理专题框架，搭建知识体系 02 考点深研·知能分层突破——深挖高频考点，分层突破重难点 考点一 简述 考点二 特点 考点三 考查形式和应对方式 知识点一 考查人物的性格特征； 知识点二 考查对事物的观点和态度； 知识点三 考查主旨大意 知识点四 考查细节理解 知识点五 考查写作目的 知识点六 考查词义猜测 四. 高考典题分析 1. 文化教育类(2026全国I 卷B) 2. 环境保护类(2026全国Ⅱ卷B) 03优题精练·专题实战通关——精选优质试题，强化实战应用 知识脑图·核心脉络搭建 考点深研●知能分层突破 一、简述 1. 从命题内容上看: 高考命题主要从以下几方面考查：记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。 2. 从命题思路上看： 记叙文最主要的特征是考查人物的性格特征，其次是细节理解，也会考查主旨大意、写作意图等。记叙文阅读材料内容丰富多彩，总是描写正能量的人物形象，传递积极向善的主题思想，有时需要通过语言、场景、人物思想情绪的描写来感悟弦外之音和深化主题。 3. 解题技巧 ①掌握记叙文的文体特征。 ②掌握记叙文的命题规律及各种题型的解题要领。如细节理解题、推理判断题、主旨大意题、词义猜测题。 ③掌握记叙文选项的常见干扰项的设置特点及应对策略。 二、特点 1.以叙述描写为主； 2. 以记人叙事为主。 三、考查形式和应对方式 知识点一 考查人物的性格特征 阅读理解记叙文中常有描述人物特点的阅读理解题。命题人通过文章中对人物的事迹、语言、心理等进行描述，进而让考生推测人物的性格特征。把描述人物的性格特征的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事迹相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。 ( 关于人物的性质特征的描述，在试题题有时出现两个并列的词。例如： Determined and adaptable 这时要注意，考生一定要从文章找到两个词的相关依据，不要看到一个词依据就做出判断，这样容易出错。 ) 例1: (2026全国II B) The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. 知识点二 考查对事物的观点和态度 把描述作者态度的词一一列出，基本上考题不会超出这些词汇，考前把它们的意思记熟。预测每个词需要和什么样的事实相对应，这样在考场上就能迅速地找到答案。对这种题要迅速解决，以给其他试题提供做题时间。熟记这些作者态度的形容词，深刻理解每个词的含义。设想每个词可能的描述事实。这样我们在考试上，就能迅速找到正确答案。 例2: (2026全国II B) Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. …. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 知识点三 考查主旨大意 在阅读理解记叙文的阅读过程中，要注意把握人物的情感发展过程;事件的发展线索;作者思想感情的变化过程以及时间、空间的变化。阅读时做到不漏细节，把准寓意，方能成功。 在阅读过程中，按照线索弄清事情的来龙去脉，理解了文章的脉络，理解整个故事。记叙文需要事件的发展过程作支撑，一半以上的题目都会用来检测考生对故事的了解，因此，我们必须弄明白整件事情的发展脉络。而其余像主旨大意、作者意图之类的题目，集中考查对作者所发的感触的理解。依附原文，切忌主观臆断答题时把握文章的线索，结合文章的主旨大意，切勿主观臆断; 1.通览全局 2.关注首尾段落:70%的记叙文在开头点题，结尾升华 3.勾画重复出现的关键词(人物行为/情感变化/象征物) 4.分析结构情节发展:开端发展高潮结局感悟 5.情感曲线:通过形容词/副词捕捉情绪变化(如:frustrated，determined， relieved) 6.定位核心要素 ①主人公的关键抉择或顿悟时刻； ②人物关系转折点(如:从冲突到和解) ③象征物的深层含义(如:broken watch象征时间珍贵) ④排除干扰项错误选项特征:仅概括某个细节(出现具体人名/数字)包含未提及的推论(出现 must/only等绝对词)与作者情感基调相悖(如文章悲伤却选乐观选项)。 ( 1. 避免主观臆断 : 在阅读原文基础上，仔细甄别选项是否与文章主题有密切联系 2. 涵盖性强 : 看选项对文章的概括性或覆盖面如何。避免以偏概全，范围过大或过小。 ) 例3：(2026·福建南平市·二模)When Lila Martinez moved to Maple Street, she was struck by a marked contrast. The houses were well-kept, with flowers blooming in most yards, but at the corner of her block sat a 1,200-square-foot parking lot — a dumping ground for old tires, broken furniture, and overgrown weeds. To Lila, it looked like a “wound” that the neighborhood had simply learned to ignore. Instead of complaining, the 17-year-old decided to take action. She began knocking on doors, a clipboard in hand, asking her neighbors, “What would you do with that lot if you could?” Mrs. Henderson, an 82-year-old resident living alone, teared up as she said, “I used to have a garden, but I can’t bend down anymore. I’d love to smell fresh flowers again.” Mr. Torres, the owner of the local grocery store, offered to donate tools and soil. Even the teenagers were interested, suggesting a place to play basketball. Lila realized the project was bigger than just cleaning up rubbish. She named it the “Maple Community Garden” and launched a crowdfunding campaign. With the raised money, she hired a local construction company to level the ground. The first Saturday was backbreaking. Lila and twenty volunteers filled 40 garbage bags with rubbish. As the weeks passed, the lot began to breathe again. Sunflowers towered over the fence, attracting bees and butterflies. Tomatoes ripened on the vine. More importantly, the people began to bloom. The teens who helped build the basketball court started assisting Mrs. Henderson to carry her groceries. Mr. Torres began hosting weekly barbecues using vegetables from the garden. Neighbors who had lived next to each other for decades but never spoken were now exchanging recipes and gardening tips. Lila said, “I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.” 27. What is the best title for the text? A. Ways to Build a Better Block B. The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood C. Cares for the Old in the Community D. A Teenager’s Dream of a Lovely Garden 知识点四 考查细节理解 阅读理解记叙文是以叙述描写为主要方式，以记人叙事为主要内容的一种文体。其主要特点为通过生动的事例来反映生活和作者的思想感情。记叙文的表达方式常常结合了说明、议论、描写、抒情，生动形象地讲述发生在过去、现在和未来的事情。常见的记叙文有小说、戏剧、传记、新闻报道和日记等类型。无论哪种记叙文，都囊括了事件的时间、地点、人物、事情的起因、经过和结果。记叙的手法写作顺序往往以时间顺序或按照事件的发展顺序来展开。 最后升华总结作者的感悟。 在解答细节理解题时，可采取“关键词定位法”，即“带着问题找答案”。先从题干中提取关键词(题眼)，然后以此为线索，运用略读及寻读的技巧快速在文章中寻找与此关键词相关的段落、语句，快速定位该题与哪一段、哪一句有关，然后仔细推敲，仔细比对所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定答案 例4(2026·全国一卷·B)Not long ago, my fifth-grade son Kevin asked me about the meaning of a word in a novel. “Look it up,” I responded. “But my screen time is off,” he said. I looked pointedly at the bookshelf that held at least three dictionaries, and Kevin sighed dramatically. “Can’t you just use your phone?” he asked. Suddenly it occurred to me that he did not even know how to use a dictionary. 24. What does Kevin usually do to get the meaning of a word? A. Use electronic devices. B. Consult a paper dictionary. C. Guess from the context. D. Turn to his English teacher. 知识点五 考查写作目的 记叙文很重要的特征进行人物描写、环境描写、心理描写，作者总是通过这些手段达到通过描写抒发情感和感慨的作用，所以，记叙文写作目的是被考查的重要特色。 写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。 一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气来推断出作者的写作意图。 目的意图题的设问方式 What is the main purpose of the author writing the text? The purpose of the text is to get more people to ________. The writer of the story wants to tell us that ________. The fact…is mentioned by the author to show ________. The author writers the last paragraph in order to ________. 例5(2024·全国一卷·B)… Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. “Sometimes it surprises me that it works so well," he says. "I will do anything to help an animal. That's my job." 27. Why does the author mention the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association? A. To prove Farber's point. B. To emphasize its importance. C. To praise veterinarians. D. To advocate animal protection. 知识点六 考查词义猜测 1. 根据定义或上下文解释进行猜测 有时短文中出现一个需要猜测其意义的词或短语，下面接着出现其定义或解释。标点符号，如逗号后的解释(名词同位语)、破折号后的解释、括号内的解释等。这都是判断该词或短语意义的主要依据。 2. 根据同位关系进行猜测 阅读中出现的难词有时后面紧跟一个同位语，对前面的词进行解释，因此可利用同位关系对前面的词义或句意进行猜测。 3. 根据构词法(前缀、后缀、派生等)进行猜测 在英语中，有很多词可以通过增加前缀和后缀的方式，构成新词。乍看起来，这个词可能是新词，但在掌握了一定的构词知识之后，就不难猜出它的词义。 4. 根据因果关系进行猜测 在一篇阅读文章中，根据原因可以预测结果，根据结果也可以找出原因。 5. 根据上下文的指代关系进行猜测 文章中的代词it, that, he, him或them可以指代上文提到的人或物，其中it和that还可以指代一件事。有时代词指代的对象相隔较远，要认真查找；有时也需要对前面提到的内容进行总结，才能得出代词所指代的事物。 6. 根据同义或近义关系进行猜测 在同一句、同一段或同一篇文章中，作者为了避免语言的单调、重复，有时会使用意思相同或相近的词。因此，考生只要读懂上下文，知道其中一个词的意思，就能猜出另外一个词的意思。 7. 根据转折或对比关系进行猜测 根据上下句的连接词，如but, however, otherwise等可以推断上下文之间的逻辑关系，从而可以依据某一句的含义，来确定另一句的含义。另外，分号也可以表示转折、对比或不相干的意义。 例6(2025·全国一卷·B)As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. This time they found the exercise much more interesting. For the next two assignments, a personal-narrative unit followed by a creative-writing workshop, I only required that the piece meet the specifications of its genre (体裁) and that it contain a thesis. The results were staggering. The students took on diverse topics and turned in stories, 10 to 20 pages each, with characters that broadened my view and touched my heart. 26. What does the underlined word “staggering” in paragraph 3 mean? A. Mixed. B. Amazing. C. Similar. D. Disturbing. 三、高考典题分析 (2026·全国二卷·B)--环境保护 Roland Reisley turned 101 years old in May and is in remarkable health. But that’s not the thing he prides himself on. “I am the last original client of Frank Lloyd Wright, still living in the home he designed for me,” Reisley said, sitting in the bright open living room of the home designed by the famous architect. The house where Reisley has lived for 73 years is located in the woods of Westchester County, New York, just 30 miles north of Manhattan. It’s one of 47 that make up the peaceful mid-20th-century modern village of Usonia. Back in 1951, Reisley was just 26, newly married and ready to put down roots. He and his wife began looking for a place in Manhattan. But what they liked, they couldn’t afford on his sound engineer’s salary and what they could, they didn’t like. Then they heard about Usonia. On their first trip out, they were greeted with such enthusiasm from the 10 families who’d already established homes there that they decided to join. The house has signature Wright features. It is made with local materials, has a flat roof, wood paneling, concrete floors and custom-made furniture. Over the decades, Reisley has opened his doors to visitors. The house is now listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Reisley said he’s tried his best to be a good steward (管家) not just of the Wright creation he lives in, but all others as well. He co-founded the Frank Lloyd Wright Building Conservancy, an organization engaged in the preservation of all of Wright’s remaining buildings. Reisley believes that his devotion to the home and the community are what have kept him in such good health all of these years. 24. How does Reisley feel about having Wright as his house designer? A. Honored. B. Amused. C. Stressed. D. Inspired. 25. What made Reisley finally decide to settle down in Usonia? A. Its natural environment. B. Its large-sized houses. C. The convenience of its location. D. The warmth of its residents. 26. What can we learn about Reisley’s house? A. It is older than its owner. B. It uses local materials. C. It has a pointed roof. D. It is put up for sale. 27. What can be inferred about Reisley from the last paragraph? A. He is very attached to Wright buildings. B. He is devoted to health education. C. He is an expert in home decoration. D. He is passionate about tourism. 【高频词汇积累】 1. ________n. 客户，主顾 2. ________n. 建筑师 3. ________v. 建立 4. paneling n. ________ 5. creation n. ________ 6. conservancy n. ________ 【派生(合成)词汇】 1. remark v. 谈论，说起；注意到 →________ adj. 显著的，非凡的 2. origin n. 起源，起因；出身→________ adj. 最初的，最早的 3. found v. 建立→________ v. 共同创立 4. preserve v. 保护，维护；保持，维持→________ n. 保护，保存 5. remain v. 逗留，留下；剩余，遗留；保持不变→________ adj. 留下的，剩余的 6. devote v. 献身，致力；用于→________ n. (身心、时间等的)投入，奉献，热爱 7.organize v. 组织→________ n. 组织 8. point v. 指，指向；对准，瞄准；朝向，对着；指路；引导→________ adj. 尖的 9. custom+ make= custom-made adj. ________ 10. large+ size= large- sized adj. ________ 【熟词生义】 1. signature adj. ________ 2. concrete adj. ________ 【高频短语】 1. (be) in good/remarkable /poor health ________________ 2. pride oneself on (doing) sth. ________________ 3. ________________组成，构成 4. ________________定居，扎根 5. be greeted with enthusiasm ________________ 6. be engaged in ________________ 7. settle down ________________ 8. be put up for sale ________________ 9. be attached to sb./sth. ________________ 10. be devoted to ________________ 11. be passionate about ________________ 优题精练●专题实战通关 Passage 1 (2026·安徽省临泉田家炳实验中学·模拟预测)--文化教育 To write about food, we can be reporting on deforestation for palm oil production, the animal welfare conditions in industrial meat-processing, etc. But for readers, it will all come back to the grocery store, the kitchen, and the menu they’re faced with at a restaurant. How do we navigate this field which includes loss of biodiversity, greedy businessmen, climate change — without overwhelming but instead empowering and encouraging readers? As an essayist, a cultural critic and food writer, at the end of the day, I am trying to attract my readers to consider what they eat. It requires that I involve and insert myself into this human dilemma. After all, I have to eat too. I once wrote that in order to trust someone on the subject of food, I need to know about their eating history and appetites. This isn’t because I want to measure my own appetite against theirs to ensure we line up, but because it provides significant context: What purpose does food serve in your life? I want to know, so that I can understand why you’re choosing to take it as a focus, whether in a writing career or just one essay. I grew up on Long Island, spent years in Brooklyn, and now live in San Juan, Puerto Rico. My upbringing consisted of all the Italian, Chinese, Japanese, and Greek food one might imagine a kid just outside New York City would eat, plus Puerto Rican food influenced by my paternal grandmother’s heritage. My eating biography includes a lot of experiences — as eater, as server, as cook — and a commitment to what tastes good. All of these are useful knowledge for my perspective, and it’s why there is a touch of memoir threaded throughout what is seemingly a cultural history: If I could grow up eating everything, how did I end up with all these ethical concerns and commitments around the food system? I take the ordinary, the everyday and the ancestral (祖先的) with me when I write about how we have eaten for the past 50 years, and how we could eat in the future. How do I eat and what do I cook when I feel the weight of all these on my shoulders? 1. What does the author’s writing mainly focus on? A. The influence of human diet. B. The nutritional value of food. C. The economic impact of food production. D. The effectiveness of the actions of the local government. 2. Why does the author need to know her readers’ appetites? A. To make comparisons. B. To list examples. C. To understand their background. D. To better know herself. 3. What is the author mainly discussing in paragraph 4? A. Her multicultural identity. B. Her rich experiences with food. C. Her fascination with special foods. D. Her understanding of foreign foods. 4. What does the author convey about the future diet? A. It will empower humans. B. It will be influenced by the past. C. It will become less diverse. D. It will be mainly based on personal preference. Passage 2 (2026·湖北黄冈市黄州区湖北省黄冈中学·二模)-哲理感悟 I remember perfectly the day I applied for the math preparatory position at the School of Mechanical Engineering. The written exam went well, so we moved onto the second stage of the competition, which consisted of explaining an exercise in front of a panel of professors. Honestly, I was very tense. To make matters worse, my hands were sweating a lot. When I was assigned the exercise and started solving it on the board, I tried to stay calm. It was going pretty well, actually, until I said something ridiculous. I said something like: “The area of the triangle is the base (底) times the height divided by 4.” As soon as I realized my mistake, I corrected myself aloud while trying to erase the board with my hand, but my sweat made the blackboard look like a crime scene. An old professor noticed my struggle and said, “I think we’ve seen enough. Thank you.” I left the room with my head down. Days later, I found out that I had passed the competition and secured a position. My grade gave me the opportunity to choose which professor I wanted to work with and I chose the one who had saved me at that moment, professor Martin! Before my first tutoring session, some colleagues told me that, in their advanced calculus class, a professor had shared the story of a girl who had gotten so nervous that she “flooded” the board with sweat and didn’t even know the area of a triangle. I felt extremely angry and confronted the professor immediately. I told him how unprofessional it was for him to mock a student who was just trying her best and if I were truly incompetent, the hiring committee — including him — was at fault. The professor, surprised, felt very sorry and apologized. I accepted his apology. No matter how much effort you put in or how well you do, some will focus on your mistakes. What matters is how you respond. That experience taught me to express my thoughts bravely, to communicate my concerns, and to set boundaries when I consider something to be unprofessional or unacceptable. 1. How did the author feel when she left the interview room? A. Extremely nervous. B. Deeply frustrated. C. Slightly regretful. D. Surprisingly calm. 2. Why did the author choose Professor Martin? A. He offered her a flexible tutoring schedule. B. He was known for his strict teaching methods. C. He had helped her during the difficult moment. D. He was the only professor who gave her a high grade. 3. Which of the following best describes the author? A. Capable but overly sensitive. B. Courageous and straightforward. C. Hardworking but easily discouraged. D. Remarkably quick but deeply unforgiving. 4. Which of the following is the best title? A. Sweat, Tears, and a Triangle Mistake. B. I Made a Mistake — and Got an Apology. C. I Divided by 4 — and Got the Last Laugh. D. A Flooded Board, a Divided Formula, and a Job Offer. Passage 3 (2026·浙江绍兴市诸暨市·5月高三适应性考试)--人物传记 Alia Bhatt grew up in Mumbai surrounded by animals, largely because her sister Shaheen kept bringing home stray kittens. These strays often arrived in poor condition — starving or sick. When their mother tried to stop the parade of kittens, the girls hid them in their room until they recovered. “It was compulsive, almost,” Bhatt says. “My heart opened up very young.” This love of animals stayed with her into adulthood. Today, as one of India’s most recognizable actresses with nearly 90 million Instagram followers, she uses her reach to highlight animal welfare and environmental issues through films, children’s books, and campaigns. “I started to question if my voice had quality,” she says. “I decided to focus on something I’m passionate about — and that’s animals.” Bhatt’s tactics(策略) are creative and varied. Her 2021-founded production company, Eternal Sunshine, has a logo featuring two cats. She executive produced Poacher, a 2024 hit miniseries based on a real elephant poaching investigation in India. Eternal Sunshine also partners with an eco-film festival to encourage filmmakers to focus on the environment. “Stories have an amazing way to impact our minds,” Bhatt says. “Once you tell a story, it’s there forever.” Stories can profoundly impact children, and Bhatt is the author of The Adventures of Ed-a-Mamma, a children’s book series following a girl and her adopted dog on animal-helping adventures. Inspired by her daughter’s love for animals, she aims to foster children’s passion for wildlife. Bhatt also launched MiSu, a resale platform for pre-loved celebrity clothes, extending garment lifespans, cutting waste, and boosting India’s circular fashion. Bhatt doesn’t consider herself an environmental expert. Her partner Dorita D’ Souza notes she makes conservation accessible, driven by the deep empathy for animals she developed in childhood. 1. What drives Alia Bhatt to engage in animal and environmental protection? A. Fame seeking. B. Family pressure. C. Childhood passion. D. Expertise pursuit. 2. What is a practical measure taken by Alia Bhatt for public welfare? A. Keeping stray animals at home. B. Producing related films and books. C. Launching a new clothing brand. D. Reducing entertainment activities. 3. Which of the following can best describe Alia Bhatt according to the text? A. Cautious and ambitious. B. Humorous and diligent. C. Compassionate and committed. D. Generous and innovative. 4. What message does the passage mainly convey? A. Childhood experiences shape lifelong deeds. B. Small acts of kindness make a great difference. C. Media raises public awareness of welfare issues. D. Celebrities should bear more social responsibilities. Passage 4 (2026·福建南平市·二模)--人物传记 When Lila Martinez moved to Maple Street, she was struck by a marked contrast. The houses were well-kept, with flowers blooming in most yards, but at the corner of her block sat a 1,200-square-foot parking lot — a dumping ground for old tires, broken furniture, and overgrown weeds. To Lila, it looked like a “wound” that the neighborhood had simply learned to ignore. Instead of complaining, the 17-year-old decided to take action. She began knocking on doors, a clipboard in hand, asking her neighbors, “What would you do with that lot if you could?” Mrs. Henderson, an 82-year-old resident living alone, teared up as she said, “I used to have a garden, but I can’t bend down anymore. I’d love to smell fresh flowers again.” Mr. Torres, the owner of the local grocery store, offered to donate tools and soil. Even the teenagers were interested, suggesting a place to play basketball. Lila realized the project was bigger than just cleaning up rubbish. She named it the “Maple Community Garden” and launched a crowdfunding campaign. With the raised money, she hired a local construction company to level the ground. The first Saturday was backbreaking. Lila and twenty volunteers filled 40 garbage bags with rubbish. As the weeks passed, the lot began to breathe again. Sunflowers towered over the fence, attracting bees and butterflies. Tomatoes ripened on the vine. More importantly, the people began to bloom. The teens who helped build the basketball court started assisting Mrs. Henderson to carry her groceries. Mr. Torres began hosting weekly barbecues using vegetables from the garden. Neighbors who had lived next to each other for decades but never spoken were now exchanging recipes and gardening tips. Lila said, “I thought I was just building a garden, but what I really built was a bridge. That empty lot used to divide us; now it connects us.” 1. Why did Lila view the lot as a “wound”? A. It ruined the street’s beauty. B. It took up much space. C. It caused conflicts in neighbors. D. It reminded her of an injury. 2. Which of the following best describes the residents’ response? A. Surprised. B. Supportive. C. Cautious. D. Emotional. 3. What did Lila do for the community project? A. She offered tools and soil. B. She raised money door to door. C. She secured support to transform the lot. D. She encouraged neighbors to grow vegetables. 4. What is the best title for the text? A. Ways to Build a Better Block B. The Garden that Heals a Neighborhood C. Cares for the Old in the Community D. A Teenager’s Dream of a Lovely Garden Passage 5 (2026·河北衡水中学·二模)--人物传记 Maya Martinez, a high school senior living in a fog-covered coastal village in North California, noticed that the community garden was gradually drying up during the driest summer on record. While the villagers remained helpless, Maya chose to spend her afternoons carefully observing the thick mist that rolled in from the sea. Maya had already identified a critical fault in traditional fog-collecting mesh nets(网状网): they frequently became blocked by the very water drops they caught, which severely reduced their effectiveness. Digging deeper into solutions, Maya found a novel device designed by two scientists — the “Fog Harp(竖琴)”. Maya decided to use the handy materials to create her own “Fog Harp”. At first, neighbors watched the process with doubt as she strung hundreds of thin, upright wires across a solid wooden frame. To them, the setup looked no more than “a giant musical instrument” that only produced useless sounds in the cold coastal wind. Little did they know this simple-looking setup would soon prove surprisingly effective. The remarkable efficiency of Maya’s Fog Harp lies in its clever use of gravity. In a traditional mesh net, tiny water drops get easily trapped within the small square gaps, which stop further collection. This occurs because the surface tension — the invisible, stretchy “skin” of liquid water — is too strong for the small drops to overcome. In Maya’s Fog Harp, by contrast, water drops hit the wires and slowly combine into larger drops. Most importantly, with no cross wires to hold these larger drops in place, gravity easily overcomes surface tension, allowing the water to slide effortlessly down the wires and collect in a tank below. Of course, the project faced its share of setbacks. During one severe coastal storm, the extreme wind tore through the wooden frame. Yet, instead of giving in to despair, she immediately set out to fix the problem by reinforcing the entire structure with durable steel wires. By the time autumn arrived, Maya’s “Fog Harps” were reliably producing plenty of fresh water every day, partly meeting the daily water needs of the village. 1. Why did Maya observe the thick mist in her afternoons? A. To predict the weather conditions. B. To clarify the reasons for drought. C. To check the efficiency of the mesh nets. D. To work out a solution to water shortage. 2. What can we know about Maya’s “Fog Harp”? A. It was a musical instrument. B. It invited villagers’ acid words. C. It presented an inborn fault. D. It featured a solid metal frame. 3. What is the key for Maya’s Fog Harp to function well? A. Its use of cross wires. B. Its mesh-net structure. C. Its weak surface tension. D. Its unique design and use of gravity. 4. What can we learn from Maya’s story? A. Look before you leap. B. Better late than never. C. Think outside the box. D. Time waits for no man. Passage 6 (2026届安徽省省十教育高三最后一卷)—环境保护 Near Vihaan and Nav Agarwal’s home, a big garbage dump(垃圾场) caved in, releasing poisonous chemicals into the surrounding streets, which caused a fire to erupt. Following this event, Vihaan and Nav decided to take action to improve their city’s waste collection to ultimately improve their own health and that of their neighbors. Vihaan struggled with a persistent cough and shortness of breath. He knew his symptoms would not likely improve until his local community improved its waste management solutions. In 2018, at ages 14 and 11, respectively, the brothers created a home recycling program called One Step Greener that managed recycling for 15 households within their community. Their goal: prevent toxic chemical waste from seeping(渗透) into the environment and creating dangerous health conditions for residents. At first, the boys felt empowered by taking the action of separating waste into distinct categories. When local officials then informed them that the local garbage collection crew would not pick up their separated bags, they felt momentarily defeated, but persisted in their efforts. The boys then created a neighborhood coalition to create a unified recycling program, which 15 households took part in. Local authorities adjusted their stance, and the recycling program spread throughout the community with a growing number of households starting to participate. “The main issue in waste management is that everybody thinks it’s not their job, or if the waste is out of their house, it’s out of their mind,” Vihaan said. Vihaan and Nav’s program grew from managing 15 households to 3,000 throughout 14 Indian cities. The program offers families involved free door-to-door dry waste pickups. The separated waste is then delivered to warehouses where it is further divided to ensure proper recycling. Newspapers are separated from A4 printing paper, PET plastic from polypropylene, and computer screens from keyboards. One Step Greener’s goal reads, “One Step Greener’s mission is to transform environmental action into everyday practice by mobilizing youth, building green communities, and designing scalable solutions in waste management, afforestation, and education — starting at the grassroots, and growing toward systems change.” “It’s an old saying, but collective effort does actually make a difference,” said Vihaan. 1. What inspired Vihaan and Nav to start One Step Greener? A. The locals’ waste collection failure. B. A project on waste management. C. A landfill collapse near their home. D. The city’s campaign for recycling. 2. What was local authorities’ attitude to the program after the neighborhood’s participation? A. Unclear. B. Doubtful. C. Dismissive. D. Approving. 3. What did One Step Greener do for the participating households? A. It picked up dry waste for free. B. It educated them online about recycling. C. It delivered newspapers to them. D. It paid them for their recyclable materials. 4. What does Vihaan and Nav’s program show? A. Better late than never. B. Teamwork makes the dream work. C. Knowledge is power. D. Actions speak louder than words. Passage 7 (2026届福建名校联盟高中毕业班月考)—环境保护 Carrying his “sound hunter’s” backpack with a headset, a recorder, and fifteen specialized microphones, Charles Rose sets out to explore Lyon’s Tête d’Or Park. He places his microphone against a rock as if taking its pulse(脉搏). He is focused, listening to a language only he seems to understand. Charles Rose is an audio naturalist. In his ears, trees whisper with human-like voices, queen bees cry, and ant nests crackle(噼啪作响) like campfires. His journey began in 2019 during a trip to Norway. While searching for sounds to sample for his musical compositions, he found himself attracted by the natural soundscapes. That trip became the turning point: he started recording flowing rivers, wooden churches, and animal calls. These recordings soon became albums of their own. From them, he builds a “sound library” that reflects the richness of ecosystems worldwide. Months ago, he traveled to the Tuvalu islands in the South Pacific where 95% of the area could be submerged by the end of the century. He recorded everything: the wind, the waves, the birds, the trees, the silence between sounds. These sounds now live in a sound bank that will immortalize the island’s memory and keep it long after the land disappears. Today, over 40,000 species are threatened by climate change, according to the latest report by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. For Rose, recording nature is a form of conservation. “By capturing the sound of an insect moving under our feet,” he says, “I want to make the living being more alive in the eyes of humans. I believe the more we listen, the more we respect.” Night is about to fall on the park as the rain arrives. While Sunday walkers rush for cover, Charles Rose smiles and excitedly heads to the pond. He kneels at the water’s edge, lowers a microphone beneath the surface, puts on his headset, and closes his eyes. 1. Why did Charles Rose go to Norway? A. He planned to build a sound library. B. He wanted to study local ecosystems. C. He intended to look for musical inspiration. D. He hoped to photograph natural landscapes. 2. What does the underlined word “immortalize” in paragraph 4 mean? A. Recall. B. Replace. C. Update. D. Safeguard. 3. What is Charles Rose’s purpose in recording nature? A. To teach people listening skills. B. To do research on climate change. C. To raise environmental awareness. D. To learn animals’ special language. 4. Which words best describe Charles Rose? A. Devoted and far-sighted. B. Creative and carefree. C. Curious and cool-headed. D. Humorous and easygoing. Passage 8 (2026届湖北省武昌实验中学高考适应性考试)--人物传记 In Qingdao, a guesthouse named “Yameng’s Home” is marked by a Barbie doll in a wheelchair at its entrance. Operated by 29-year-old Cui Yameng, it embodies her mission to create a barrier-free environment for people with disabilities. Cui’s dedication began in high school through volunteer work, leading her to study special education. Her travels with physically-challenged friends during university revealed how everyday obstacles like small steps became significant barriers. This inspired her long-term goal of an accessible hotel. As a practical start, she transformed her apartment’s first floor into this inclusive guesthouse in 2023. Every detail is designed for accessibility: a low entrance ramp, lowered kitchen counters, an adjustable bathroom mirror, and customized bed heights. Cui offers free stays to guests with disabilities, requesting only a personal story in return. Her aim is to provide dignified and comfortable accommodation. Her first guest was a young woman who had lost both legs. Cui arranged a tandem (双人自行车) bicycle ride along the coast for her — a first-time experience the guest later shared online. The post inspired many followers, including one man who embarked on his first solo trip in twenty years. Cui points out that the core issue is not an absence of accessible facilities, but rather a lack of public awareness about disabilities. Besides the guesthouse, she works at a local welfare center, organizing activities where children wear blindfolds to experience daily life without sight to foster public understanding. Her initiative has created a ripple effect. After gaining online attention, she began receiving requests from local businesses for accessible design advice. Cui hopes her story empowers others to contribute according to their capacities. To date, her guesthouse has hosted 28 guests and received international bookings. Cui acknowledges China’s progress in accessibility, citing supportive laws and improved services. Yet, her ultimate wish is for a future where such specialized accommodations become unnecessary, as affordable, accessible options are available everywhere. She sincerely looks forward to that day. 1. What inspired Cui to design the guesthouse? A. Her work at a welfare center. B. Volunteer service in her youth. C. Her academic pursuit of special education. D. Her travel experiences with disabled friends. 2. What can be inferred about Cui’s influence? A. She has built business partnerships. B. She has motivated disabled travelers. C. She has absorbed government funding. D. She has transformed traditional hotels. 3. Which of the following best describes Cui? A. Traditional and cautious. B. Humorous and ambitious. C. Romantic and adventurous. D. Pioneering and compassionate. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. A Home Without Barriers B. A Chance for New Business C. A Hero of Online Campaign D. A Center for Special Education Passage 9 (2026安徽皖南八校第三次联考高三4月教学质量检测)--人物传记 In the world of quantum(量子) information, precision is everything. For 29-year-old doctoral candidate Wang Haigang, that precision doesn’t come from his hands, but from his feet. Sitting in a quiet laboratory at Taiyuan University of Technology, Wang runs complex simulations and drafts research papers with his right foot on the mouse and his left on the keyboard. It is a scene of intense focus that recently earned him the university’s highest honor: the President’s Scholarship. Wang’s journey began with a childhood tragedy. At age 8, an accident with a high-voltage wire resulted in the loss of both arms. While the suffering was immense, Wang chose a path of independence. By the end of his first summer without arms, with the support of his family, he had mastered writing neat characters with his toes. Wang often studied until the early hours, enduring leg cramps(抽筋) and stomach pain from sitting bent over for too long. Gradually, he discovered a passion for mathematics, which gave him joy and direction in learning. In 2015, Wang was admitted to Shandong University of Science and Technology. In 2020, he pursued a master’s degree at the School of Mathematics at Taiyuan University of Technology, embarking on a combined master’s and doctoral program. That same year, he was named “a star of self-reliant Chinese college students”. The six years Wang spent at the university in Taiyuan marked a period of rapid growth. He achieved breakthroughs in research, built valuable relationships and embraced independence. Rejecting his parents’ offer to accompany him, he traveled alone to the university, completing all the admission procedures by himself. “I’ve grown up. I can’t rely on my parents forever. If they were always by my side, I would never truly become independent,” Wang said. Wang published his research findings in the field of quantum information as the first author in the journal Communications Physics, showcasing his exceptional research potential. 1. What did Wang do soon after losing his arms? A. He learned to write neatly with his toes. B. He started independent academic research. C. He was admitted to a university right away. D. He developed a great love for mathematics. 2. What brought Wang joy and clear learning direction? A. His honors from the university. B. His family’s continuous support. C. His quantum research achievements. D. His deep passion for mathematics. 3. Why did Wang refuse his parents’ company to university? A. To avoid prejudice from his classmates. B. To reduce financial burden on his family. C. To achieve true independence in his growth. D. To get special accommodation from the school. 4. Which of the following best describes Wang Haigang’s personality? A. Outgoing and quiet. B. Self-reliant and determined. C. Honest and tolerant. D. Generous and responsible. Passage 10 (2026·江苏省天一中学·二模)--文化艺术 When I was a child, I drew a face. A grown-up corrected me quickly with a circle, round eyes, a seven-shaped nose and a curved mouth. I stood confused, for this cold, mechanical pattern felt nothing like the lively faces I knew in real life. As I grew up, I kept wondering how to draw a real face. Once, I got a chance to ask people to draw each other following two rules: never lift the pencil, and never look down at the paper. They could only look at their partner. After a minute, the drawings were terrible but wonderful. Why? Because they had drawn what they truly saw, not what they thought a face should look like. They also did something rare: they made eye-to-eye, face-to-face contact for almost a full minute without looking away. They slowed down, focused fully, and truly noticed another person. That was the secret to drawing “a real face.” Later, as an illustrated journalist, I planned a drawn story about how public libraries served the people. I explored every corner of the library and genuinely connected with the staff. I found with their intentional, public-spirited help, those seemingly ordinary facilities served people in far more meaningful ways. Computers that I assumed were for checking out books or emails were actually lifelines for people searching for jobs and housing. The sinks in the public restroom served as a laundromat (洗衣房) and showers for the homeless. The entirely new and rich truth contributed to my series of breathing drawings. I do not hope everyone becomes an artist, but everyone can learn to see deeply. Slow down, pay attention, and truly observe; you will rediscover love for the world and all people around you. We urgently need this courage — to see each other and ourselves clearly, and to honor the real truth hidden in plain sight. 1. What confused the author in the first paragraph? A. The adult’s serious criticism. B. The lack of clear drawing rules. C. The adult’s fixed way of drawing. D. The strangeness of the adult’s face. 2. Why were the drawings described as “terrible but wonderful” in paragraph 2? A. They were messy but detailed. B. They were rough but lively. C. They appeared ugly but organized. D. They seemed simple but friendly. 3. What do the underlined words “The entirely new and rich truth” refer to in paragraph 3? A. The library’s hidden social service. B. Better maintenance of facilities. C. The intention to help the homeless. D. The discovery of good stories. 4. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Drawing a Magic. B. Discovering the Art. C. Seeing the Real Face. D. Creating Fine Works. Passage 11 (2026·河北黄骅中学·二模)--人与动植物 The conventional perception of cattle’s intelligence has been challenged by the first scientifically documented instance of tool use in cattle. Veronika, a pet cow in Austria, was observed purposefully using a tool to scratch(挠) different parts of her body. This behavior provides convincing evidence that cows may possess mental abilities far beyond what was previously assumed. Veronika's unique status as a pet, rather than a farm animal, allows her the autonomy to do what she wants when she wants to. She frequently has itchy(发痒的) spots on her skin from horsefly bites, leading her to independently think up a solution. Her owner says, “For years,Veronika has picked up sticks with her mouth and used them to scratch herself. She wasn’t taught to do this — she just figured it out. ” Dr. Alice Auersperg, an expert in animal problem-solving, was attracted upon seeing a video of Veronika in action. Tool use, though documented in select species like chimpanzees, elephants, and crows, had never been reported in cows. This motivated her team to design an experiment, presenting Veronika with a broom(扫帚). Veronika skillfully handled the broom, using her tongue and teeth to lift it, and then applied it to scratch herself. She strategically employed the hard end for her tough back skin, and the stick end for softer, more sensitive areas like the areas underneath her body. The fact that Veronika was using two different parts of the broom for different reasons is important. The scientists describe it as “multi-purpose tool use”. That’s a skill that, until now, has only been seen in chimpanzees. Even so, the researchers believe that most cows likely possess similar intelligence, but never get a chance to show it due to their shortened lifespans for meat or milk production. The researchers say Veronika’s long and interesting life may have helped her develop. Veronika is 13 years old. And, as a pet, she’s had many chances to learn and grow. 1. What can we learn about Veronika from the first two paragraphs? A. She suffers from skin diseases easily. B. She was taught to use sticks by her owner. C. She shows higher intelligence than other animals. D. She is the first recorded tool-using cow. 2. What does the author intend to show in paragraph 3? A. Cows’ unexpected mental abilities. B. The uniqueness of Veronika’s pet status. C. Specific methods of Veronika’s tool handling. D. Scientific significance of tool use across species. 3. What is the researchers’ attitude toward the possibility of tool use in other cows? A. Doubtful. B. Indifferent. C. Positive. D. Curious. 4. What is the best title of the text? A. Veronika:A Different Pet Cow. B. Tool-Using Cow Surprises Scientists. C. Pet Cows:Unlocking Hidden Intelligence. D. The Experimental Design for Veronika’s Test. Passage 12 (2026届湖北黄冈市黄梅县第一中学高考模拟)—人与动植物 Teenage star Kyle Thomas, who was popular on a short-video sharing platform, thought it was just a bit of harmless fun when he started posting videos of his growing collection of exotic(由外国引进的) pets alongside food reviews and funny moments. His meerkats(猫鼬) and three rescue foxes became popular, but the negative reactions began when Kyle shared images of his pet capybara(水豚), Queen Elizabeth, wearing a pumpkin hat for Halloween. He soon realized his home was not a suitable environment for his unusual group of animals. The turning point for Kyle came when the capybara passed away from natural causes, which resulted in his mother Zena being charged with illegally bringing her from England to Northern Ireland, where they live. So he turned the whole hoo-ha on its head and decided to open his own exotic animal rescue centre, which is featured in the new BBC documentary We Built A Zoo. “While bringing food to Queen Elizabeth before bed, I found her in a critical state. I tried to give her mouth-to-mouth and we drove her to the animal hospital but when we got there she’d passed away,” Kyle explains. Kyle reflects on previous misunderstandings, stating, “We bought Queen Elizabeth from someone who claimed to be trustworthy. They said we didn’t need a license.” He stresses the importance of people doing their research before getting exotic pets. “The capybara incident was an eye-opener. I want people to understand that exotic animals aren’t pets.” The documentary follows Kyle as he buys a 14-acre piece of land to create a safe space for animals but faces objections from neighbors. His fortunes turn when local farmer Phil Hughes steps in to help him transform Phil’s petting farm into a world-class animal center. “I learned that meerkats don’t make good pets,” Kyle shares. He breaks down in tears upon discovering the reality of the illegal pet trade. “I want to change it and raise awareness.” Now, the wildlife park is open to the public. “We’re turning a petting zoo into something with a greater mission. It’s a long road ahead, but it’s exciting.” 1. What did Kyle do after sharing his exotic pets online? A. He focused more on making videos. B. He recognized the need for proper care. C. He wanted to adopt more exotic animals. D. He stopped caring about their wellbeing. 2. What does the phrase “turned the whole hoo-ha on its head” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A. Ignored the situation. B. Created more problems. C. Inspired others to take action. D. Turned a problem into an opportunity. 3. How did the community initially react to Kyle’s idea for a rescue center? A. They had many concerns. B. They asked a local farmer for help. C. They tried to help him with resources. D. They offered useful suggestions for his plan. 4. What does Kyle aim to do with the wildlife park? A. To create a facility specifically for meerkats. B. To offer a variety of exotic animals for adoption. C. To provide a fun petting zoo experience for children. D. To educate the public about responsible pet ownership. 20 / 20 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $