Unit1第4课时(4a-4d)课件2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册

该初中英语课件聚焦一般过去时与现在完成时的区分及运用，课堂导入以“一个句子一个大哥”比喻实义动词唯一性，通过“大哥的衣服”讲解动词变形，再引入助动词，搭建从基础到复杂的学习支架，帮助学生逐步理解动词用法。 其亮点在于融合语言能力、思维品质和学习能力培养。词汇用词根词缀拆解（如digital的digit词根）并通过翻译句子整合，时态通过对比表格和标志词列表清晰区分，分层作业满足不同学生需求。实例如4c结合贵州交通变化短文填空，让学生在真实情境中运用时态，小结用结构梳理帮助系统掌握。学生能提升语言运用和思维能力，教师可直接使用提升教学效率。

Unit 1 The Changing World Section A 4a-4d 目录 新单词预习 Vocabulary 课堂导入 Lead in 新知学习 Knowledge 课堂巩固练习题 Exercise 课堂小结 Summary 分层课后作业 Homework Vocabulary 词根词缀拆解速记 1. digital /ˈdɪdʒɪtl/adj. 电子的；数字的 拆解 词根：digit = 手指、数字（古人用手指计数） 后缀：-al 形容词后缀，表 “…… 的” 字面：和数字相关的 → 数字的、电子数码的 2. audio /ˈɔːdiəʊ/adj. 音频的 n. 音频 拆解 词根：audi = 听（听觉词根） 后缀：-o 名词 / 形容词后缀，表声音相关 3. dirt /dɜːt/n. 泥土；尘土 拆解 本词原生基础词，无词根词缀，同源变形拓展记忆 变形： dirty adj. 脏的（dirt 尘土 + y→满是尘土的→脏的） 4. track /træk/n. 小路；轨道；音轨 拆解 原生基础词，无标准词缀，一词多义串联速记 5. wide /waɪd/adj. 宽的；宽阔的 基础形容词，后缀拓展记忆 副词变形：widely adv. 广泛地 名词变形：width n. 宽度（wide 宽 + th 名词后缀） 翻译句子： This digital device can play clear audio on a wide track covered with dirt. 中文翻译： 这个电子设备能在布满尘土的宽阔轨道上播放清晰音频。 一个句子，一个大哥 英语句子里，承担实际含义的 实义动词通常只能有一个。 如果句子里需要出现第二个动作，要变换动词形式，搭配 to 或 ing。 例句： I like music.，句中 like 为本句唯一实义动词。 表达 “我喜欢听音乐”，不能写 I like listen to music， 正确写法：I like listening to music。 Lead in 大哥的衣服 动词在不同人称、时态下需要变形，如同更换衣服。 三单形式 主语为他 / 她 / 它时，动词末尾加 - s 或 - es。 记忆口诀：四齿西施 O 以 s, ch, x, sh, o 结尾的动词加 - es. 例：wash → washes 2.进行时态 动词加 - ing，含义为 “正在做”， 对应中文 “在…… 呢”。 例句： — 你干嘛呢？ — 我吃饭呢。(I am eating) 3.过去时和完成时，规则动词加-d、-ed或双写最后一个辅音+ed； 不规则动词，则需特殊记忆。 例：use-used see-saw-seen 动词原形 动词过去式 动词过去分词 open know bring make improve opened opened knew known brought brought made made improved improved 二哥：助动词 定位：贴心辅助，自身无独立含义， 协助实义动词构成疑问、否定、完成时态 例词：do/does, have/has, will 肯定句（无助动词） I like apples. 否定句（加 don’t /doesn’t） I don’t like apples. He doesn’t like apples. 3.疑问句（do/does/will 放句首） Do you like apples? Does he like apples? 二、have /has（完成时态助动词） 作用：构成现在完成时，表示 “已经做完” I have finished my homework. She has cleaned the room. 否定：I haven’t eaten lunch. 疑问：Have you seen this film? 三、will（将来时助动词） 作用：构成一般将来时，表示 “将要、会” I will play football tomorrow. 否定：I won’t go there. 4a Read the sentences and circle the verbs. Pay attention to the verb tenses. He became a good friend of your grandfather 20 years ago. They haven’t seen each other for ages! We used to have to travel far to see a doctor. Our village has just built a new hospital. Many people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here. Simple Past Present Perfect 时态 核心 例子 一般过去时 只说过去发生过， 与现在无关 I lost my key. (我丢过钥匙。) [可能后来又找到了] 现在完成时 过去发生， 影响持续到现在 I have lost my key. (我把钥匙弄丢了。) [所以现在开不了门] ※一张表看懂区别 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时 yesterday 昨天 last week /last year /last night 上周 / 去年 / 昨晚 …ago …… 之前（three days ago ） just now 刚才 in 2020 /in the past 在 2020 年 / 在过去 then 那时 once 曾经 tomorrow 明天 next month /next Sunday 下个月 / 下周日 in the future 在将来 in + 一段时间（in five days ） soon 不久 later 稍后 this afternoon 今天下午 already 已经 yet 还 （用于否定、疑问） ever 曾经 never 从未 just 刚刚 before 以前 so far 到目前为止 since + 过去时间 / 从句 自从…… for + 一段时间 持续多久 recently 最近 in the past few years 在过去几年里 4b Complete the conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. A: ________ you ________ (be) to the new library yet? B: No, I ____________ (not know ) there was a new library. When did it ________. (open)? A: It ________ (open) last Friday. I ________ (go) there with my grandpa on Saturday night. B: ________ you ________ (like) it? A: Of course! It’s the most high-tech library I ________ ever ________ (visit). B: Oh, what ________ you ________ (see) there? A: There are sections with books about science and Chinese culture, as well as a huge section with children’s books. I also ________ (read) some digital books on the computer. My grandpa ________ (1isten) to some audio books because he can’t see well. B: Cool! I ____________ (bring) my little brother there tomorrow. Have been didn’t know open opened went Do like have visited did see read listened will bring 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. In the past, it _______ (be) difficult to travel in Guizhou. In many places, there used to _______ (be) no bridges to cross mountains and rivers, and most roads were just dirt tracks. This ________ (make) it difficult for locals to bring products to the market or to develop industry. Now great changes ____________ (take) place. The government ____________ (build) thousands of kilometres of highways, railways, and wide roads. It has also built many high bridges and tunnels. A journey that used to ________ (take) a day now takes only a few hours. As a result, the lives of local people ________________ (improve). They are much richer and happier than they once __________ (be). was be made have taken has built take have improved were Why are local people richer and happier than before? Because great changes have taken place in Guizhou. The government has built lots of highways, railways, high bridges and tunnels. The transport becomes much more convenient. It is easier for locals to sell products and develop industry, so their lives have improved a lot. 因为贵州发生了巨大的变化。 政府修建了大量公路、铁路、高桥和隧道。 当地人售卖农产品、发展产业更加容易，生活水平大幅提升。 交通变得便利许多。 Exercise 基础题（填空，对应 4b、4c 题型） 用括号内动词正确形式填空 He ________ (move) here 10 years ago. I ________ never ________ (see) such a beautiful bridge. There used to ________ (be) no hospitals here. Great changes _____________ (take) place in our town. —________ you ________ (be) to the new library yet? —Yes, I ________ (go) there last Sunday. moved have seen be have taken Have been went 提升题（句型转换） 1.They lived in small villages in the past.（用 used to 改写） They used to live in small villages. 2.I finished my homework yesterday.（改为现在完成时） I have finished my homework. 3.He opened the shop last week.（一般疑问句） Did he open the shop last week? 4.We have met each other for 5 years.（划线提问 for 5 years） How long have you met each other? 拓展题（短文填空，复刻 4c 贵州交通原文风格） In the past, life ________ (be) hard in my hometown. People used to ________ (walk) a long way to buy things. This ________ (make) their life difficult. Now many new roads ______________ (appear). The government ________ (build) a new station. A trip that used to ________ (cost) 4 hours now takes 30 minutes. People’s lives ________________ (change) a lot, they are happier than they once ________ (be). was walk made have appeared has built cost have changed were Summary 1. 两大核心时态区分 （1）一般过去时 用法：描述过去某一时间发生、和现在无关联的动作，有明确过去时间标志。 标志词：…ago, last…, yesterday, just now, in the past 结构：主语 + 动词过去式 固定搭配：used to do sth. 过去常常做某事（现在不做了） （2）现在完成时 用法：过去发生的动作，对现在造成持续影响；动作始于过去，延续到现在。 标志词：yet, ever, never, just, for/since, so far, ages 结构：主语 + have/has + 动词过去分词 关键区分： 有明确过去时间（20 years ago /last Friday）→ 一般过去时 无过去具体时间、强调现在结果 → 现在完成时 2. 高频固定句型 used to + 动词原形 过去曾经…… Have you ever + 过去分词？你曾经…… 吗？ already（肯定句）/yet（否定、疑问句）已经 It takes/took + 时间 to do sth. 花费多久做某事 3. 易混动词变形 be → was/were（过去式）→ been（过去分词） take → took → taken build → built → built visit → visited → visited see → saw → seen open → opened → opened go → went → gone make → made → made improve → improved → improved Homework A 层 基础巩固（学困生，夯实课本原题） 背诵 2 个时态定义、标志词，默写 5 组动词过去式 & 过去分词（be/take/build/make/go） 完整抄写课本 4b 对话、4c 短文，横线处动词单独标注时态 B 层 能力提升（中等生，熟练运用） 仿写 5 组句子：2 句一般过去时 + 3 句现在完成时（加入标志词） C 层 综合拓展（优等生，写作输出） 自主写 80 词短文《Changes in my hometown》， 同时使用 used to、一般过去时、现在完成时三种结构 2.自行设计 3 道时态辨析填空题并写出答案 3.口头复述贵州交通变化短文，录制简短口述（可选） $