Unit7语法讲解及习题：不定式作宾语、状语与宾语补足语2026-2027学年鲁教版（五四学制）英语九年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了鲁教英语（五四学制）九年级Unit7不定式语法内容，涵盖不定式作宾语、状语、宾语补足语三种核心句法成分，固定结构梳理及易混重难点辨析，构建从基础形式到应用辨析的递进式学习支架。 清单通过分类呈现句法成分、分级梳理固定结构、关联对比易混点（如裸不定式主动被动用法）设计知识体系，题型含成分判断、填空等，解析标注核心考点（如“see sb. do主动省to”），培养语言能力与思维品质，助力学生自主巩固，教师可精准教学。

鲁教英语（五四学制）九年级Unit7语法讲解及习题： 不定式作宾语、状语与宾语补足语 一、语法系统讲解 动词不定式基本形式：to + 动词原形，否定形式：not to + 动词原形，可在句子中充当多种成分，本单元聚焦三种核心成分。 （一）不定式的三种句法成分 1. 作宾语（O = Object） 结构：主语 + 谓语动词 + to do（不定式放在及物动词之后，作为动作承接对象） 常用后跟不定式作宾语的动词：want, hope, plan, decide, expect, try, learn, refuse, wish 等。 例句：What time do you want to meet? 你想要几点碰面？（to meet 作动词 want 的宾语） 2. 作状语（A = Adverbial） 大多为目的状语，用于说明主句动作发生的目的，翻译为 “为了……”；in order to do 也引导目的状语。 例句：They used their art to express their feelings. 他们运用艺术来抒发内心的情感。（to express 表使用艺术的目的，作目的状语） Qi Baishi only used a few simple brushstrokes to draw the shrimps. 齐白石只用寥寥几笔来描绘虾。（to draw 作目的状语） 3. 作宾语补足语（OC = Object Complement） 结构：主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + to do，不定式用来补充说明宾语发出的动作。 高频动词分类 · 需要加 to：expect, tell, ask, allow, want, wish, order, persuade · 使役动词、感官动词（make/let/have; see/hear/watch/notice）主动语态省略 to，被动语态必须还原 to 例句：Ella really likes Chinese paintings, so I expect her to enjoy it. 埃拉十分喜爱国画，所以我期待她能沉浸其中。（her 为宾语，to enjoy 作宾语补足语） （二）重点固定结构梳理 1. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告诉某人（不）做某事 2. ask sb. (not) to do sth. 请求某人（不）做某事 3. expect sb. to do sth. 期盼某人做某事 4. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 5. in order to do sth. 为了做某事（目的状语） 6. be thought to do sth. 被认为做某事 7. fail to do sth. 没能做某事 （三）易混重难点辨析 1. 不带 to 的不定式（裸不定式） 主动语态：make/let/have + sb. do；see/hear/watch sb. do 被动语态：sb. be made to do /sb. be seen to do，必须补上 to，是高频考点。 例：He made me paint. → I was made to paint. 2. stop/remember/forget 区分 to do 与 doing · stop to do 停下来去做另一件事；stop doing 停下正在做的事 · remember to do 记得要去做；remember doing 记得做过 3. 形式宾语：find/think it + adj. + to do，it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为后置不定式 I find it interesting to appreciate traditional Chinese calligraphy. （四）例句标注成分 1. What time do you want to meet?（O 宾语） 2. I expect her to enjoy it.（OC 宾语补足语） 3. They used their art to express their feelings.（A 目的状语） 4. Qi Baishi used brushstrokes to draw the shrimps.（A 目的状语） 二、专项练习题 题型一 判断不定式充当的成分，标注 O / A / OC 1. She decides to learn Chinese calligraphy in her free time. 2. The teacher encourages us to discover the beauty inside paintings. 3. Many visitors come to the gallery to appreciate famous artworks. 4. My grandma loves to watch paper-cutting shows. 5. The artist uses ink to create wonderful pictures. 题型二 用 to do /do/doing 填空 1. The painter refused _________ (give) up his own painting style. 2. Our art teacher asks us _________ (bring) our works next class. 3. He went to the exhibition _________ (learn) more about Chinese painting. 4. I saw him _________ (draw) a horse when I walked past the studio. 5. This piece of work is made _________ (show) the life of common people. 6. She plans _________ (take) part in the school art exhibition. 7. Don’t make children _________ (learn) painting if they have no interest. 8. I expect you _________ (notice) the delicate brushstrokes in this artwork. 9. They tried _________ (create) similar artistic effects for many years. 10. In order _________ (improve) his skills, Qi Baishi kept observing real shrimps. 题型三 单项选择题 1. Many artists decide _________ traditional Chinese art to more people. A. spread B. to spread C. spreading D. spreaded 2. The guide told visitors _________ touch the precious paintings in the museum. A. don’t B. not to C. to not D. not 3. People travel thousands of miles _________ the great works in the gallery. A. see B. seeing C. to see D. saw 4. We expect young artists _________ more excellent works for our culture. A. produce B.produced C. producing D. to produce 5. The little boy was made _________ the basics of drawing every weekend. A. learn B. to learn C. learning D. learned 6. I find it great fun _________ different styles of paintings. A. enjoy B. enjoying C. to enjoy D. enjoyed 7. She stopped _________ a sketch after finishing her writing homework. A. to draw B. drawing C. draw D. drew 8. Do you know the best way _________ the meaning behind this artwork? A. understand B. to understand C. understood D. understanding 9. Most painters hope _________ their works can touch viewers’ hearts. A. that B. to C. for D. with 10. Would you like me _________ you some knowledge about Chinese ink painting? A. introduce B. introducing C. to introduce D. introduced 题型四 句型改写 1. She wants to visit the art museum this weekend.（划出不定式，并标注成分） _____________________________________________________________________ 2. The artist uses ink and brushes. He creates beautiful paintings.（合并为不定式目的状语） _____________________________________________________________________ 3. Our teacher expects that we can learn more about traditional art.（改用 expect sb. to do 结构） _____________________________________________________________________ 4. People go to the gallery so that they can enjoy fine art.（替换为不定式作目的状语） _____________________________________________________________________ 5. The story made me feel moved.（改为被动语态，注意不定式 to） _____________________________________________________________________ 三、参考答案与解析 题型一 1. to learn（O 宾语） 解析：decide 后不定式作宾语 2. to discover（OC 宾语补足语）解析：encourage sb. to do 3. to appreciate（A 目的状语）解析：前来展馆的目的是欣赏画作 4. to watch（O 宾语）解析：love to do 作宾语 5. to create（A 目的状语）解析：运用水墨的目的是作画 题型二 1. to give refuse to do 拒绝做某事，不定式作宾语 2. to bring ask sb. to do 不定式作宾补 3. to learn 目的状语，前去展馆用以学习绘画知识 4. draw see sb. do 主动语态省略 to 5. to show 被动语态 be made to do，必须添加 to 6. to take plan to do 计划做某事 7. learn make sb. do 主动语态不带 to 8. to notice expect sb. to do 宾补结构 9. to create try to do 努力做某事 10. to improve in order to do 引导目的状语 题型三 1.B decide to do sth. 不定式作宾语 2.B tell sb. not to do 固定否定不定式结构 3.C to see 充当目的状语，说明远行的目的 4.D expect sb. to do 不定式作宾语补足语 5.B make 用于被动语态，需要还原 to 6.C it 作形式宾语，真正宾语为后置不定式 to enjoy 7.A stop to do 停下手头事情，转而开始画画 8.B the way to do sth. 不定式作后置定语 9.A hope 后接宾语从句；hope to do 后方直接加动词原形，不能接 sb. 10.C would like sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 题型四 1. She wants to visit the art museum this weekend.（O 宾语） 2. The artist uses ink and brushes to create beautiful paintings. 3. Our teacher expects us to learn more about traditional art. 4. People go to the gallery to enjoy fine art. 5. I was made to feel moved by the story. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $