必修第一册 Unit 6 At one with nature(自然）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习高考真题单元话题分类汇编（外研版）

**基本信息** 精选2021-2025年高考英语真题，聚焦自然生态与环保主题，涵盖阅读理解（7篇）和语法填空（2篇），适配一轮复习基础巩固与能力提升。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解|7篇（28题）|词义猜测（如"Eschewing"）、细节理解（如黄石公园项目时间）、推理判断（如黑猩猩手势研究）、主旨大意（如太阳能农场标题）|以矩阵种植、城市自然接触等环保热点为情境，问题设计从基础信息提取到深层逻辑推理，贴合高考命题趋势| |语法填空|2篇（20空）|非谓语动词（如tend to catch）、时态（如were）、代词（如its）、从句引导词（如what/which）|选取美国国家公园史等真实语篇，考查语法在语境中的应用，注重语言能力与思维品质培养|

Unit 6 At one with nature （自然） 阅读理解 [2025·浙江1月考] C A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity worldwide. Referred to as matrix planting, this approach aims for nature to do a lot more of the heavy lifting in the garden, and even some of the designing. Eschewing fertilizers(化肥) and power tools, it􀆳s based on an elegantly simple principle: to garden more like nature does. The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance. Planners created planting mixes that could be used modularly (模块化). In a matrix garden, plants with similar cultural needs are grouped so that they will grow together above and below ground, forming a cooperative ecosystem that conserves water and discourages weeds. Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf􀆳s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavours to the planting mixes while playing with colour and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. Beautiful year-round, they invite you to enjoy the smallest detail, from the sound of grasses in the gentle wind to the sculpture of odd-looking seed heads. It takes a lot of thought to look this natural. While matrix gardens appear wild, they are carefully planned, with cultural needs the first consideration. Led by the concept of “right plant, right place,” they match plants that enjoy the same soil, sun and weather conditions, and arrange them according to their patterns of growth. The benefits are substantial for both gardener and planet. With human inputs dramatically reduced, the garden􀆳s ecology can develop well. Established matrix gardens should not need the life support we give most gardens: fertilizer, dividing, regular watering. Compared to traditional garden plots, they increase carbon absorption, reduce stormwater runoff and boost habitat and biodiversity significantly. (　)28.What does the underlined word “Eschewing” in the first paragraph mean? A.Running out of. B.Keeping away from. C.Putting up with. D.Taking advantage of. (　)29.Why was the idea of matrix planting introduced? A.To control weeds in large gardens. B.To bring in foreign species of plants. C.To conserve soil and water resources. D.To develop low-maintenance parkland. (　)30.Which of the following best describes Piet Oudolf􀆳s gardens? A.Traditional. B.Odd-looking. C.Tasteful. D.Well-protected. (　)31.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text? A.The future of gardening is wild B.Nature treats all lives as equals C.Matrix gardens need more care D.Old garden plots work wonders 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种新型的园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植法,该方法强调通过模仿自然的方式来减少人工干预,使园艺变得更自然且具有环保和美学价值。 28.B　词义猜测题。第一段中“…to garden more like nature does.”描述了一种更自然的花园状态,而画线词后“…fertilizers(化肥) and power tools…”明显是指人工干预。由此可推知,画线词意为“避免”或“远离”,避免人工的干预才会让花园更原生态。因此,B选项“Keeping away from.”是正确的。应选B项。 29.D　细节理解题。第二段中“The concept was born when German city planners sought to plant large areas of parkland after World War Ⅱ in a reproducible way that would need minimal maintenance.”说明,矩阵式种植的概念是在二战后由德国城市规划者引入的,目的是种植大片低维护成本的绿地。因此,D选项“为了开发易维护的公园绿地。”最符合题意。应选D项。 30.C　推理判断题。根据第三段可知,Piet Oudolf在种植的时候加入了艺术元素,尤其是在色彩和形态上,比如雕塑般形态的奇特种子头让花园美不胜收。因此,C选项“雅致的,有品位的”是对其花园最合适的描述。应选C项。 31.A　主旨大意题。文章首段介绍了矩阵式种植法的理念:减少人工干预,发挥自然的作用;第二、 三段介绍了这种设计方法的起源和发展;第四段聚焦矩阵式种植的原则;最后一段分析了这种设计方法带来的益处。因此,文章旨在介绍一种新型园艺设计方法——矩阵式种植法。标题A结合了“矩阵式种植自然野生”的特点,表现了未来园艺的趋势。因此,A选项“园艺的未来将回归原野。”最适合作为文章标题。应选A项。 [2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] A Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programmes throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programmes this summer. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2) Whether you're hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park's amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21) Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals' of Yellowstone. Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Centre. Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2) From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk. Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10) Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone's park photographer for a hands-on programme to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone. 6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point. 7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area. (　)21.Which of the four programmes begins the earliest? A.Photography Workshops. B.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics. C.Canyon Talks at Artist Point. D.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone. (　)22.What is the short talk at Artist Point about? A.Works of famous artists. B.Protection of wild animals. C.Basic photography skills. D.History of the canyon area. (　)23.Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop? A.Artist Point. B.Washburn Trailhead. C.Canyon Village Store. D.Visitor Education Centre. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇应用文,介绍了今年夏天黄石国家公园的由护林员引领的项目的具体情况。 21.D　细节理解题。根据各个活动的时间“Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)”、“Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)”、“Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)”及“Photography Workshops (June 19 & July 10)”可知,Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone开始的时间最早。故选D项。 22.D　细节理解题。根据Canyon Talks at Artist Point部分中“From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colours of the canyon(峡谷) while learning about the area's natural and human history.”可知,从一个经典的视角,欣赏下瀑布、黄石河和峡谷的壮丽色彩,同时了解该地区的自然和人类历史。故在Artist Point的短对话是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D项。 23.B　细节理解题。根据Photography Workshops部分中“7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.”可知,参加7月10日摄影讲习班的参与者将在Washburn Trailhead见面。故选B项。 [2023·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] D As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find. If you're lucky, there might be a pocket park near where you live, but it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild. Past research has found health and wellness benefits of nature for humans, but a new study shows that wildness in urban areas is extremely important for human well-being. The research team focused on a large urban park. They surveyed several hundred park-goers, asking them to submit a written summary online of a meaningful interaction they had with nature in the park. The researchers then examined these submissions, coding (编码) experiences into different categories. For example, one participant's experience of “We sat and listened to the waves at the beach for a while” was assigned the categories “sitting at beach” and “listening to waves”. Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a“nature language” began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors. These include encountering wildlife, walking along the edge of water, and following an established trail. Naming each nature experience creates a usable language, which helps people recognize and take part in the activities that are most satisfying and meaningful to them. For example, the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break. “We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it,”said Peter Kahn, a senior author of the study. (　)32.What is the phenomenon the author describes at the beginning of the text? A.Pocket parks are now popular. B.Wild nature is hard to find in cities. C.Many cities are overpopulated. D.People enjoy living close to nature. (　)33.Why did the researchers code participant submissions into categories? A.To compare different types of park-goers. B.To explain why the park attracts tourists. C.To analyse the main features of the park. D.To find patterns in the visitors' summaries. (　)34.What can we learn from the example given in Paragraph 5? A.Walking is the best way to gain access to nature. B.Young people are too busy to interact with nature. C.The same nature experience takes different forms. D.The nature language enhances work performance. (　)35.What should be done before we can interact with nature according to Kahn? A.Language study. B.Environmental conservation. C.Public education. D.Intercultural communication. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了城市化进程使得人类与自然的接触逐渐减少,尤其是在城市中找到原生态环境的机会越来越少,而研究表明城市中的原生态环境对人类的健康和幸福感极为重要。 32.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.”和“…it's unusual to find places in a city that are relatively wild.”可知,随着城市迅猛发展,城市居民与自然环境的接触逐渐减少,在城市里找到相对天然的地方是罕见的。故文章开头描述的现象是在城市里很难找到原生态的大自然。故选B项。 33.D　推理判断题。根据第四段中“Across the 320 submissions, a pattern of categories the researchers call a ‘nature language’ began to emerge. After the coding of all submissions, half a dozen categories were noted most often as important to visitors.”可知,通过对320篇在线提交的总结编码,研究人员发现了一种被称为“自然语言”的类别模式。在对所有提交的总结进行编码后,有6个类别最常被游客认为是重要的。由此可推知,研究人员将参与者提交的内容编码为不同的类别是为了在游客的总结中发现模式。故选D项。 34.C　推理判断题。根据第五段中给出的例子“…the experience of walking along the edge of water might be satisfying for a young professional on a weekend hike in the park. Back downtown during a workday, they can enjoy a more domestic form of this interaction by walking along a fountain on their lunch break.”可知,沿水边散步的体验对周末在公园徒步旅行的年轻职业人士来说可能是令人满足的。在工作日回到市中心,在午餐时间沿着喷泉散步也能享受到这种互动形式。由此可知,相同的自然体验可以采用不同的形式。故选C项。 35.B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中Kahn说的话“We're trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives. And for that to happen, we also need to protect nature so that we can interact with it…”可知,在和自然互动前,我们需要保护自然环境。故选B项。 [2023·浙江1月考] D According to the Solar Energy Industry Association, the number of solar panels installed(安装)has grown rapidly in the past decade, and it has to grow even faster to meet climate goals. But all of that growth will take up a lot of space, and though more and more people accept the concept of solar energy, few like large solar panels to be installed near them. Solar developers want to put up panels as quickly and cheaply as possible, so they haven't given much thought to what they put under them. Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil. “Solar projects need to be good neighbours,” says Jordan Macknick, the head of the Innovative Site Preparation and Impact Reductions on the Environment(InSPIRE)project. “They need to be protectors of the land and contribute to the agricultural economy.” InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to “low-impact” solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land. One of the easiest low-impact solar strategies is providing habitat for pollinators(传粉昆虫). Habitat loss, pesticide use, and climate change have caused dramatic declines in pollinator populations over the past couple of decades, which has damaged the US agricultural economy. Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use. Conservation organizations put out pollinator-friendliness guidelines for home gardens, businesses, schools, cities—and now there are guidelines for solar farms. Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction. “These pollinator-friendly solar farms can have a valuable impact on everything that's going on in the landscape,” says Macknick. (　)32.What do solar developers often ignore? A.The decline in the demand for solar energy. B.The negative impact of installing solar panels. C.The rising labour cost of building solar farms. D.The most recent advances in solar technology. (　)33.What does InSPIRE aim to do? A.Improve the productivity of local farms. B.Invent new methods for controlling weeds. C.Make solar projects environmentally friendly. D.Promote the use of solar energy in rural areas. (　)34.What is the purpose of the laws mentioned in Paragraph 4? A.To conserve pollinators. B.To restrict solar development. C.To diversify the economy. D.To ensure the supply of energy. (　)35.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Pollinators: to leave or to stay B.Solar energy: hope for the future C.InSPIRE: a leader in agriculture D.Solar farms: a new development 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍的是用一种对土地更加友好的方式建立一种新型的太阳能农场,这种新型的农场更有利于保护各种传粉昆虫,从而促进农业的发展。 32.B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Often, they'll end up filling the area with small stones and using chemicals to control weeds. The result is that many communities, especially in farming regions, see solar farms as destroyers of the soil.”可知,太阳能开发者采用不环保的方式处理太阳能板安装后产生的问题,导致很多人把太阳能农场看作是土壤的破坏者,由此可以推断,开发者在安装太阳能板后忽略了其带来的负面影响。故选B项。 33.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“InSPIRE is investigating practical approaches to ‘low-impact’ solar development, which focuses on establishing and operating solar farms in a way that is kinder to the land.”(InSPIRE正在研究“低影响”太阳能开发的实用方法,其重点是以对土地更友好的方式建立和运营太阳能农场。)可知,InSPIRE采用更环保的方式建立和运营太阳能农场,也就是使得太阳能项目更加环保。故选C项。 34.A　细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Over 28 states have passed laws related to pollinator habitat protection and pesticide use.”可知,这些法律都是与保护传粉昆虫的栖息地和农药使用相关的,所以这些法律的目的是保护传粉昆虫。故选A项。 35.D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段中的“Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.”(在过去的几年里,许多太阳能农场开发者将太阳能板下的空间改造成各种传粉昆虫的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。)可知,现在的太阳能农场在过去的几年里已经得到了很大的发展,更重要的是太阳能农场也变得更加环保,这将是未来发展农业的新趋势,再结合全文对太阳能农场发展过程的介绍可以判断,本文主题是介绍太阳能农场。故选D项。 [2022·全国甲卷] B Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old. Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage. In a recent experiment, cockatoos were presented with a box with a nut inside it. The clear front of the box had a “keyhole” in a geometric shape, and the birds were given five differently shaped “keys” to choose from. Inserting the correct “key” would let out the nut. In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age, but it will be another year before they are able to do the same with less symmetrical(对称的) shapes. This ability to recognize that a shape will need to be turned in a specific direction before it will fit is called an “allocentric frame of reference”. In the experiment, Goffin's cockatoos were able to select the right tool for the job, in most cases, by visual recognition alone. Where trial-and-error was used, the cockatoos did better than monkeys in similar tests. This indicates that Goffin's cockatoos do indeed possess an allocentric frame of reference when moving objects in space, similar to two-year-old babies. The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections. (　)24.How did the cockatoos get the nut from the box in the experiment? A.By following instructions. B.By using a tool. C.By turning the box around. D.By removing the lid. (　)25.Which task can human one-year-olds most likely complete according to the text? A.Using a key to unlock a door. B.Telling parrots from other birds. C.Putting a ball into a round hole. D.Grouping toys of different shapes. (　)26.What does the follow-up test aim to find out about the cockatoos? A.How far they are able to see. B.How they track moving objects. C.Whether they are smarter than monkeys. D.Whether they use a sense of touch in the test. (　)27.Which can be a suitable title for the text? A.Cockatoos: quick error checkers B.Cockatoos: independent learners C.Cockatoos: clever signal-readers D.Cockatoos: skilful shape-sorters 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种具有形状识别能力的凤头鹦鹉。 24.B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段中的“Though not known to use tools in the wild, the birds have proved skilful at tool use while kept in the cage.”以及“…the birds were given five differently shaped ‘keys’ to choose from. Inserting the correct ‘key’ would let out the nut.”可知,在实验中,凤头鹦鹉是通过使用工具从盒子里取出坚果的。故选B。 25.C　推理判断题。根据文章第二段中的“In humans, babies can put a round shape in a round hole from around one year of age…”可推断出,一岁的孩子最有可能完成“将一个球放进一个圆形的洞里”的任务。故选C。 26.D　细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.”可知,后续测试的目的是了解凤头鹦鹉在测试中是否使用触觉。故选D。 27.D　主旨大意题。根据文章第一段中的“Goffin's cockatoos, a kind of small parrot native to Australasia, have been shown to have similar shape-recognition abilities to a human two-year-old.”可知,本文主要介绍了会识别形状的凤头鹦鹉。故选D。 B [2021·新高考全国II卷] I have worked as a keeper at the National Zoo for 11 years. Spot and Stripe are the first tiger cubs(幼兽) that have ever been born here. Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home. I've got two children—the younger one, Kynan, was extremely happy about the tigers arriving—but all of us really looked forward to being part of their lives and watching them grow. I wasn't worried about bringing them into my home with my wife and kids. These were cubs. They weighed about 2.5 kg and were so small that there was absolutely no risk. As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd get up to mischief. We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.  Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired. I was grateful that my family was there to help. We had to have a bit of a production line going, making up “tiger milk”, washing baby bottles, and cleaning the floors. When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go. It was hard for us to finally part with them. For the first few days, Kynan was always a bit disappointed that the cubs weren't there. I'm not sad about it. I'm hands-on with them every day at the zoo, and I do look back very fondly on the time that we had them. (　)24.Why did the author bring the tiger cubs home? A.To ensure their survival. B.To observe their differences. C.To teach them life skills. D.To let them play with his kids. (　)25.What do the underlined words “get up to mischief” mean in Paragraph 3? A.Behave badly. B.Lose their way. C.Sleep soundly. D.Miss their mum. (　)26.What did the author think of raising the tiger cubs at home? A.Boring. B.Tiring. C.Costly. D.Risky. (　)27.Why did the author decide to send Spot and Stripe back to the zoo? A.They frightened the children. B.They became difficult to contain. C.They annoyed the neighbours. D.They started fighting each other. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了作者为了保证两只老虎幼崽的存活,决定在家里全天候照顾它们,此外文章还介绍了老虎在作者家生活的情况以及作者照顾老虎的感受。 24.A　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Globally, a third of Sumatran cubs in zoos don't make it to adulthood, so I decided to give them round-the-clock care at home.”可知,作者把老虎幼崽带回家是为了确保它们的存活。句中的make it意为“成功做成某事”。故选A。 25.A　词义猜测题。根据画线部分上文“As they grew more mobile, we let them move freely around the house during the day, but when we were asleep we had to contain them in a large room, otherwise they'd…”及后文“We'd come down in the morning to find they'd turned the room upside down, and left it looking like a zoo.”可知,作者不得不把老虎们关在一个大房间里,否则它们就会把房间弄得一团糟。故画线部分的意思是“表现不好”。故选A。 26.B　推理判断题。根据倒数第三段中“Things quickly got very intense due to the huge amount of energy required to look after them. There were some tough times and I just felt extremely tired.”可推知,作者认为在家里饲养小老虎非常累人。故选B。 27.B　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“When Spot and Stripe were four months old, they were learning how to open doors and jump fences, and we knew it really was time for them to go.”可知,作者决定把Spot 和Stripe送回动物园是因为它们变得不好控制了。故选B。 [2021·浙江1月考] C Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees(黑猩猩) use to communicate. They say wild chimps communicate 19 specific messages to one another with a “vocabulary” of 66 gestures. The scientists discovered this by following and filming groups of chimps in Uganda, and examining more than 5,000 incidents of these meaningful exchanges. Dr Catherine Hobaiter, who led the research, said that this was the only form of intentional communication to be recorded in the animal kingdom. Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member. “That's what's so amazing about chimp gestures,” she said. “They're the only thing that looks like human language in that respect.” Although previous research has shown that apes and monkeys can understand complex information from another animal's call, the animals do not appear to use their voices intentionally to communicate messages. This was a significant difference between calls and gestures, Dr Hobaiter said. Chimps will check to see if they have the attention of the animal with which they wish to communicate. In one case, a mother presents her foot to her crying baby, signaling: “Climb on me.” The youngster immediately jumps on to its mother's back and they travel off together. “The big message from this study is that there is another species (物种) out there that is meaningful in its communication, so that's not unique to humans,” said Dr Hobaiter. Dr Susanne Shultz, an evolutionary biologist from the University of Manchester, said the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were “a little disappointing”. “The vagueness of the gesture meanings suggests either that the chimps have little to communicate, or we are still missing a lot of the information contained in their gestures and actions,” she said. “Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication. So, it seems the gulf remains.” (　　)27.What do chimps and humans have in common according to Dr Hobaiter? A.Memorizing specific words. B.Understanding complex information. C.Using voices to communicate. D.Communicating messages on purpose. (　　)28.What did Dr Shultz think of the study? A.It was well designed but poorly conducted. B.It was a good try but the findings were limited. C.It was inspiring but the evidence was unreliable. D.It was a failure but the methods deserved praise. (　　)29.What does the underlined word “gulf” in the last paragraph mean? A.Difference. B.Conflict. C.Balance. D.Connection. (　　)30.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A.Chimpanzee behaviour study achieved a breakthrough B.Chimpanzees developed specific communication skills C.Chimpanzees: the smartest species in the animal kingdom D.Chimpanzee language: communication gestures translated 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,文章主要介绍了科学家们通过长期的研究,发现大猩猩们能通过多种肢体语言来进行猩猩之间的沟通与交流。 27.D　细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Only humans and chimps, she said, had a system of communication where they deliberately sent a message to another group member.”可知,Dr Hobaiter指出只有人类和大猩猩才有有意地进行信息交流的能力,故正确答案为D项。 28.B　推理判断题。根据文章第六段“Dr Susanne Shultz…the study was praiseworthy in seeking to enrich our knowledge of the evolution of human language. But, she added, the results were ‘a little disappointing’.”可知,Dr Shultz认为这项研究在丰富我们对人类语言进化的认识方面是值得称赞的,但是结果有点令人失望,所以正确答案为B项。 29.A　词义猜测题。根据文章最后一段“‘Moreover, the meanings seem to not go beyond what other animals convey with non-verbal communication.’”可知,这些意义似乎并没有超出其他动物通过非语言交流所传达的含义。因此,这种差异性还是仍然存在的。故此处的gulf为“鸿沟,差距”的含义,故选A项。 30.D　主旨大意题。根据文章全文,特别是第一段“Researchers say they have translated the meaning of gestures that wild chimpanzees(黑猩猩) use to communicate.”可知,文章主要介绍了科学家们对大猩猩的肢体语言进行了解读,发现它们能通过多种肢体语言来进行沟通与交流,故D项能够很好地概括全文。 语法填空 [2024·全国甲卷] 阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Although parks of all sizes and types exist at any level, the national parks, in particular, tend 61.　　　　　　(catch) our attention because of their large size and variety. They are 62.　　　　　　(treasure) of American heritage (遗产).How did the national park system come about?   On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in 63.　　　　　　 is now northwestern Wyoming. They 64.　　　　　(be) part of a 15-member exploring party that had spent almost five awesome weeks in witness of the natural beauties there.  What should 65.　　　　　　(do) with such a beautiful place? They wondered out loud. This area, with 66.　　　　　　(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty, must be well preserved 67.　　　　　　 all people of the nation to enjoy—as a national park. They all agreed and vowed (承诺) to promote the idea at the 68.　　　　　　(complete) of their journey. Their promotional work paid off. Two years later,18 years before Wyoming became a state, Yellowstone became the first national park in the United States and the world. Yellowstone was the 69.　　　　　　(large) United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 70.　　　　　　became a national monument in 1978, took the honours as a national park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.  【文章大意】 本文是说明文。文章讲述了美国国家公园的由来。 61.to catch　考查非谓语动词。短语tend to do sth表示“倾向于做某事”,故填to catch。 62.treasures　考查名词复数。treasure表示“宝藏”,为可数名词,结合前文they are可知,应用复数形式,故填treasures。 63.what　考查宾语从句。后文为介词in的宾语,is前缺主语,指物,此处用what引导宾语从句,作介词in的宾语,故填what。 64.were　考查动词时态和主谓一致。空前they指代上文提及的四个男人,时间为1870年,时态为一般过去时,且为复数形式,故填were。 65.be done　考查动词语态。主语what指物,与动词do是被动关系,情态动词should后接be done构成被动语态,故填be done。 66.its　考查代词。修饰名词beauty用形容词性物主代词its,故填its。 67.for　考查介词。结合句意可知,这里介词for表目的,表示“为了这个国家的所有人都能欣赏”。 故填for。 68.completion　考查词形转换。分析句子可知,本空应填名词作宾语,complete的名词形式为completion,不可数,故填completion。 69.largest　考查形容词最高级。根据句意及本空前的定冠词the可知,这里表示最高级,应用形容词large的最高级形式largest。 70.which　考查定语从句。本空所在句子为定语从句,先行词为Wrangell-Saint Elias,关系词在从句中作主语,指物,引导非限制性定语从句,故填which。 [2018·全国卷III] I'm not sure 61.　　　　 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62.　　　　 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63.　　　　 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges towards me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64.　　　　 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65.　　　　 (challenge).  My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a 66.　　　　 (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys. I was searching 67.　　　　 these three western lowland gorillas I'd been observing. No one had seen them for hours, and my colleagues and I were worried.  When the gorillas and I frightened each other, I was just glad to find 68.　　　　 (they) alive. True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal 69.　　　　 (mean) me no real harm. He was just saying: “I'm king of this forest, and here is your reminder!” Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70.　　　　 (stay) and watch.  【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了研究动物的科学家Mireya Mayor在寻找大猩猩的过程中,突然与大猩猩相遇的故事。 61.who　考查宾语从句的引导词。根据句中的or可知,这里表达的意思是:我不清楚我和这个雌性猩猩谁更感到害怕。 62.the　考查冠词。根据固定表达at the top of one's lungs“用尽量大的声音”可知,用定冠词the。这里指“在我们面对面时,大猩猩大声尖叫”。 63.loudest　考查形容词的最高级。根据上文的“That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears.”和后面的of all可知,三个大猩猩一起尖叫,这只雄性大猩猩叫声最大,三者及三者以上用最高级。 64.looking　考查动名词形式。根据固定短语avoid doing sth可知,此处用动名词短语作avoid的宾语。 65.challenged　考查形容词。句中的feel是连系动词,其后跟形容词或名词作表语,主语是he,与challenge之间为动宾关系,故用形容词challenged,表示“受到挑战的”。 66.scientist　考查名词。根据句中的I和who可知,此处指的是人,用表示人的名词,故用scientist。 67.for　考查介词。根据固定搭配search for“寻找”可知,用介词for。 68.them　考查代词。根据上文的“When the gorillas and I frightened each other…”可知,“我发现的是大猩猩”,动词find的宾语用宾格,指大猩猩,用复数形式。 69.meant　考查动词的时态。本段的时态都是用的一般过去时,故本句也要用一般过去时。 70.to stay　考查动词不定式。根据短语allow sb to do sth“允许某人做某事”可知,用不定式作宾语补足语。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $