必修第一册 Unit 3 Family matters(人物相处）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习高考真题单元话题分类汇编（外研版）

**基本信息** 精选2021-2025年全国卷高考英语真题，涵盖阅读理解、七选五、完形填空、读后续写等题型，聚焦家庭相处、志愿服务等真实生活主题，适配一轮复习对真题演练与核心素养提升的需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|----|----------|----------| |阅读理解|4题|细节理解、词义猜测、推理判断|2021甲卷以童年搬家适应故事考查归属感，情境贴近学生生活，凸显思维品质| |七选五|2篇（10题）|篇章结构、逻辑衔接|2025二卷“家庭志愿服务”结合社会热点，2023乙卷“室内植物”渗透健康生活理念，强化信息整合能力| |完形填空|15题|词汇辨析、语境理解|2025一卷以搬家赠物叙事，考查情感态度与文化意识，体现语言能力与价值观融合| |读后续写|1题|情节发展、情感表达|2025一卷兄弟和解情境，要求基于原文逻辑续写，注重创造性思维与人文关怀|

Unit 3 Family matters （人物相处） 阅读理解 [2021·全国甲卷] C When I was 9,we packed up our home in Los Angeles and arrived at Heathrow, London on a grey January morning.Everyone in the family settled quickly into the city except me.Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place. Until I made a discovery. Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the centre of British skateboarding,where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing.I loved it.I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language.And my favourite:safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it.Once,when trying a certain trick on the beam(横杆),I fell onto the stones,damaging a nerve in my hand,and Toby came over,helping me up:safe,man.Safe.A few minutes later,when I landed the trick,my friends beat their boards loud,shouting:“Safe! Safe! Safe!”And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.  When I was 15,my family moved to Washington.I tried skateboarding there,but the locals were far less welcoming.Within a couple of years,I'd given it up. When I returned to London in 2004,I found myself wandering down to Southbank,spending hours there.I've travelled back several times since,most recently this past spring.The day was cold but clear;tourists and Londoners stopped to watch the skaters.Weaving(穿梭) among the kids who rushed by on their boards,I found my way to the beam.Then a rail-thin teenager,in a baggy white T-shirt,skidded(滑)up to the beam.He sat next to me.He seemed not to notice the man next to him.But soon I caught a few of his glances.“I was a local here 20 years ago,”I told him.Then, slowly,he began to nod his head,“Safe,man. Safe.” “Yeah,” I said.“Safe.” (　　)8.What can we learn about the author soon after he moved to London? A.He felt disappointed. B.He gave up his hobby. C.He liked the weather there. D.He had disagreements with his family. (　　)9.What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe!”probably mean? A.Be careful! B.Well done! C.No way! D.Don't worry! (　　)10.Why did the author like to spend time in Southbank when he returned to London? A.To join the skateboarding. B.To make new friends. C.To learn more tricks. D.To relive his childhood days. (　　)11.What message does the author seem to convey in the text? A.Children should learn a second language. B.Sport is necessary for children's health. C.Children need a sense of belonging. D.Seeing the world is a must for children. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。 作者通过童年两次搬家的适应和不适应的对比表明儿童需要一种归属感。 8.A　细节理解题。由第一段第三句“Without my beloved beaches and endless blue-sky days, I felt at a loss and out of place.”可知,作者刚搬到伦敦时有些失望。故选A。 9.B　词义猜测题。由第二段“Safe meant cool. It meant hello.”和“And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater.”可推知,safe意味着很棒的滑板技巧,即滑得漂亮。故选B。 10.D　推理判断题。根据第四段“‘I was a local here 20 years ago,’I told him.Then, slowly,he began to nod his head,‘Safe,man. Safe.’”可推知,作者再次回到伦敦时,经常去Southbank是为了重温他的童年时光。故选D。 11.C　推理判断题。第一段提到作者刚到伦敦时各种不适应,直到后来发现了滑板这项运动,开始适应那里的生活,第三段提到作者搬到华盛顿后放弃了滑板,以及后来又回到伦敦重拾童年的乐趣,由此可推知,儿童需要有一种归属感。故选C。 七选五 [2025·全国二卷] Unexpected benefits of volunteering as a family Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults? 36.　　　　 You may know the “feel-good” emotions that come with helping others, but there are even more unexpected ways volunteering will positively affect the whole family.   ·You􀆳ll feel like you have more time. People often feel they are too busy to volunteer. Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it. 37.　　　  ·You can live longer if you volunteer regularly. 38.　　　　 Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age. Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused on adding physical activity into their lives.   ·39.　　　  Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren􀆳t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen􀆳s well-being in the years to come. ·You􀆳ll have more time with family. Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working towards a common goal. 40.　　　　 Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way. And, there are tasks for every age and ability, so all your children can feel proud of their work.  A.Helping the community lowers rates of depression. B.Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need. C.Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers. D.Volunteering can be the first step in breaking down prejudice. E.For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits. F.You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn􀆳t know about before. G.Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day. 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍家庭共同参与志愿活动带来的意外好处,包括感觉时间更充裕、促进身体健康、对青少年产生长远积极影响以及增进家庭互动等。 36.B　根据上文“Are you looking for a way to bring your family together? Hoping to find a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults?” (你在寻找让家人团聚的方法吗?希望找到一个小孩和大人都能参与的爱好吗?)可知,此处以提问方式引出家庭共同活动的需求,空格处需给出解决方案。B选项“Volunteering as a family may be just the thing you need.” (全家一起做志愿者可能正是你需要的。)中的volunteering as a family直接回应bring your family together和a hobby that can be shared by both the little ones and adults,引出下文对家庭志愿活动好处的具体说明,符合语境。故选B项。 37.G　根据小标题You􀆳ll feel like you have more time. (你会觉得自己有更多时间。)及上文“Yet, research has found that giving your time to community causes actually makes you feel like you have more of it.” (然而,研究发现,把时间投入到社区事业中实际上会让你觉得自己拥有更多时间。)可推知,设空处需解释“感觉时间更多”的原因。G选项“Volunteering makes you feel capable and inspires you to make the most of each day.” (志愿活动让你感觉有能力,并激励你充分利用每一天。)中的makes you feel capable和inspires you to make the most of each day从心理层面解释了为何志愿活动会让人产生时间更充裕的感觉,与feel like you have more time形成因果关联。故选G项。 38.E　根据下文“Washington University found that adults 55 and older who volunteered had better memory and maintained overall health longer than others their age.” (华盛顿大学研究发现,55 岁及以上的成年人中,参与志愿服务的人群比同龄人拥有更好的记忆力,且能更长久地维持整体健康状态。)可知,本段聚焦志愿活动对成年人身体健康的益处。E选项“For adults, volunteering can provide significant physical health benefits.” (对成年人来说,志愿活动可以带来显著的身体健康益处。)中的for adults对应adults 55 and older,physical health benefits概括了better memory和maintained overall health,与本段的主题吻合。故选E项。 39.C　根据下文“Volunteering during teenage years has been linked to some major positive effects such as improved grades and increased self-confidence. These effects aren􀆳t just short-term but have been proved to affect a teen􀆳s well-being in the years to come.” (青少年时期参与志愿服务已被证实与一些重要的积极影响相关,例如成绩提升和自信心增强。这些影响并非只是短期的,而是已被证明会在未来数年持续影响青少年的身心健康。)可知,本段主题为志愿活动对青少年的长期影响。C选项“Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.” (志愿活动对儿童和青少年有终身影响。)中的lifelong effect对应affect a teen􀆳s well-being in the years to come,on kids and teenagers覆盖段落讨论的年龄群体,符合段落主旨。故选C项。 40.F　根据上文“Families who volunteer together have the unique experience of working towards a common goal.” (一起做志愿者的家庭有朝着共同目标努力的独特经历。)及下文“Everyone brings something unique to the table and can connect with each other in a new way.” (每个人都能带来独特的东西,并能以新的方式相互联系。)可推知,设空处需补充家庭志愿活动中成员间的具体互动。F选项“You may even learn that your kid has a talent you didn􀆳t know about before.” (你甚至可能会发现你的孩子有你以前不知道的天赋。)中的learn that your kid has a talent体现everyone brings something unique,且in a new way对应“发现孩子未知天赋”的新颖体验,衔接上下文。故选F项。 [2023·全国乙卷] 根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. 36.　　　　, but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What's more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.  What are indoor plants? Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK,especially in the winter. 37.　　　　.  Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens,says, “38.　　　　. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 39.　　　　.  Which plants can you grow? Aloe vera, peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow indoors. You can buy plants from supermarkets,garden centres or online. Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “40.　　　　,” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”  A.All plants are different B.Not only do they look beautiful C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D.Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E.Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G.Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文,介绍了在室内种植植物的好处以及如何选择适宜室内种植的植物。 36.B　该空格为前半句,根据后半句“…but studies have shown that they can promote people's wellbeing by improving their mood(心情), reducing stress and helping their memory.”可知,本空应介绍室内植物带来的好处。B项(它们不仅看起来漂亮)引出下文,符合文意。B项中not only和空后but为固定搭配。 37.D　根据空前句“Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知,这些物种中有许多并不适合在英国户外生长,尤其是在冬天。D项(相反,它们在更温暖的室内生长得更好)承接上文,符合文意。 38.C　根据空后内容“‘…plants around the house can really lift your mood.’ Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.”可知,室内植物可以提高情绪,同时能改善创造力、专注力和记忆力,去除有害气体,去除一些有害的化学物质,这些都是在室内种植植物的好处。C项(在室内种植植物有很多好处)可以引出下文。 39.E　根据空前句“They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking.”可知,室内植物也可以从油漆或烹饪中去除一些有害化学物质。E项“像白鹤芋和绿萝这样的植物是最好的”承接上文,符合文意。 40.G　空前句“…you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants.”介绍的是照顾室内植物的事。空后句“It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”具体介绍了了解每种植物要求所带来的益处,体现了G项中的rewarding。故G项(了解每种植物的要求可能是非常有益的)符合上下文语境。 完形填空 [2025·全国一卷] One August afternoon, I sat in my kitchen staring at a glass vase that hadn􀆳t seen daylight since my wedding. My husband and I had just sold our house and we were busy 　41　 the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up. We had decided on key items for the 　42　 we were moving to in town, donated what we could, and rented a place to 　43　 our supposedly important objects. That left a house still 　44　 with things that, while not particularly 　45　, didn􀆳t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).   I took a picture of the vase and posted it online, for $10. A couple of messages came in, one wanting additional 　46　, another asking for a price cut. As our 　47　 day drew near, I settled on a new price ($0) and reposted it. The 　48　:“I hate this vase. Maybe you won􀆳t.” In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.   　49　, I posted more. My daily posts and the 　50　 I received became a precious ray of light in the chaos of my house. Each exchange provided a chance to 　51　 the landfill and to please another person I might not otherwise have 　52　.  I sit in my apartment today, loving each of the 　53　 that share our small space. I take 　54　 in knowing that, somewhere nearby, someone is 　55　 something that couldn􀆳t come with us.   (　)41.A.painting over　B.looking around C.emptying out D.pulling down (　)42.A.hotel B.office C.cottage D.apartment (　)43.A.store B.display C.sell D.repair (　)44.A.covered B.decorated C.stuffed D.equipped (　)45.A.conventional B.valuable C.complicated D.tolerable (　)46.A.fees B.photos C.receipts D.models (　)47.A.move B.pay C.market D.work (　)48.A.warning B.request C.description D.reply (　)49.A.Confused B.Interested C.Disappointed D.Encouraged (　)50.A.visits B.reports C.advice D.money (　)51.A.remove B.spare C.find D.check (　)52.A.investigated B.recognized C.encountered D.recommended (　)53.A.giveaways B.posts C.contributions D.belongings (　)54.A.joy B.part C.care D.time (　)55.A.anticipating B.appreciating C.delivering D.withdrawing 【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者在搬家过程中通过免费赠送旧物获得快乐的故事。 41.C　根据上文“My husband and I had just sold our house…”和下文“…the beloved home our family had spent 23 years filling up.”可推知,此处指作者卖掉了房子,忙着清空房子里的多年来堆积的东西。故选C。paint over粉刷,覆盖; look around 环顾四周;empty out 清空;pull down 拆除。 42.D　根据文章最后一段“I sit in my apartment today”可推知,此处指作者一家人确定了要搬去公寓的重要物品。故选D。hotel 酒店;office 办公室;cottage 小屋;apartment 公寓。 43.A　根据上文“rented a place”以及下文“our supposedly important objects”可推知,租地方是为了存放重要物品。故选A。store 储存;display 展示;sell 出售;repair 修理。 44.C　根据上文 “确定搬去公寓的重要物品、捐赠、租地存放” 等整理动作，以及下文 “with things that ......didn􀆳t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场). ” 作者认为这些物品不应该属于垃圾填埋场。可推知，房子里仍塞满剩余物品。be stuffed with为固定搭配，表 “塞满……”。故选C。cover 覆盖;decorate装饰; stuff塞满;equip配备。 45.B　根据上文while not particularly以及下文“…didn􀆳t belong in a landfill (垃圾填埋场).”可推知,此处指虽不贵重但不应丢弃的物品。故选B。conventional 传统的;valuable贵重的; complicated 复杂的; tolerable 可容忍的。 46.B　根据上文“I took a picture of the vase…”及additional可推知,此处指有人索要更多照片。故选B。fee费用;photo照片;receipt收据; model模型。 47.A　根据前文搬家背景及下文“…day drew near…”可推知,此处指搬家日临近。故选A。move 搬家;pay 支付;market 市场;work 工作。 48.C　根据上文“I took a picture of the vase and posted it online…”以及下文“I hate this vase. Maybe you won􀆳t.”可推知,此处指重新发布的对花瓶的描述。故选C。warning 警告;request 请求;description 描述; reply 回复。 49.D　根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house and left happily with the vase.”以及下文作者持续发帖的行为可推知,此处指作者受到鼓舞。故选D。confused 困惑的;interested 感兴趣的;disappointed 失望的; encouraged 受鼓励的。 50.A　根据上文“In an instant, a woman raced into my house…”,my daily posts和下文exchange可推知,此处指去作者家里拜访。故选A。visit拜访; report报告; advice 建议; money 钱。 51.B　根据上文语境以及下文the landfill可推知,此处指作者用免费赠送旧物来代替把旧物丢去垃圾填埋场,此处spare意为“免去”,表示免得去垃圾填埋场丢东西。故选B。remove 移除;spare省得,免去;find 发现;check 检查。 52.C　根据上文“…another person I might not otherwise…”可推知,此处指免费赠送旧物让作者碰到原本不会遇见的人。故选C。investigate调查; recognize认出; encounter遇见; recommend推荐。 53.D　结合语境,再根据上文“I sit in my apartment today…”以及下文share our small space可推知,此处指现在拥有的物品。故选D。giveaway赠品;post帖子; contribution贡献;belongings 所有物。 54.A　结合语境,再根据上文“…loving each of the…that share our small space.”以及下文“…in knowing that, somewhere nearby…”可推知,此处指作者免费赠送旧物,也从中获得了快乐。故选A。 joy 快乐;part 部分; care 关心; time 时间。 55.B　根据上文“I take…in knowing that, somewhere nearby…”以及下文“…something that couldn􀆳t come with us.”可推知,此处指他人在欣赏这些作者带不走的物品。故选B。anticipate期待; appreciate欣赏; deliver递送;withdraw撤回。 读后续写 [2025·全国一卷] My wife and I wanted to share our new home with family and friends by hosting a small gathering in the early summer. She had prepared lots of snacks, while my job was to have the backyard in order. There was plenty of space for the kids to run and play. There was just one thing I hadn􀆳t counted on: my brother chose to bring his dog Toby, a 50-pound ball of fire. Though friendly, he could easily knock over my niece’s small boys and my six-month-old granddaughter. So, when my brother showed up, I asked him to watch Toby and keep him outside. My plan was working out just fine. Toby was using up his energy by running back and forth in the backyard and giving the kids plenty of room. Unexpectedly, after supper, the weather changed. It started to rain and everyone went indoors. It was an awkward moment. I didn􀆳t want Toby to be running around in the house, and my brother wasn􀆳t happy with driving home with a wet dog. Eventually, my brother decided to leave rather than force the issue. A few days passed, and I hadn􀆳t heard anything from my brother. I texted him and expressed wishes for him to come out again. His reply came as a surprise—a shock, actually: “Not a chance.” Clearly, he was unhappy over the way we had parted. After all, I had left him little choice. Well, he’ll get over it, I reasoned. Two months passed. My wife suggested I get in touch with my brother, but I resisted, thinking he should call first. However, my conscience (良心) kept bothering me. I tried to put myself in my brother􀆳s shoes. He was facing health issues and his wife of thirty-five years had passed away a few months earlier. Toby was his constant companion, the one who kept him going. 　　注意: 续写词数应为150个左右。 Paragraph 1: 　　I realized it was me who was at fault.     Paragraph 2: 　　With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother􀆳s door.     【思路点拨】 本文以人物为线索展开,讲述了作者因担心弟弟的狗Toby影响聚会,要求弟弟看好狗,后因天气变化导致弟弟提前离开并心生芥蒂。两个月后作者意识到自己的过错,主动带着妻子做的饼干登门道歉,最终兄弟俩和解的故事,展现了亲情中理解与包容的重要性。 【详解】 1.段落续写: ①由第一段首句内容“我意识到是我错了。”可知,第一段可描写作者反思自己在聚会上只顾控制局面,忽视了Toby对弟弟的重要性,因骄傲迟迟未联系弟弟,最终通过电话留言道歉并约定见面。 ②由第二段首句内容“带着妻子做的饼干,我来到了弟弟家门口。”可知,第二段可描写弟弟开门时的惊讶与沉默,兄弟俩拥抱和解,坐在门廊上谈心,看着Toby依偎在弟弟腿边,作者明白了亲情修复的意义。 2.续写线索:反思过错—电话留言道歉—约定见面—带饼干登门—沉默后拥抱—谈心和解—领悟亲情 One possible version: I realized it was me who was at fault. I had been so focused on keeping the party under control that I failed to consider how important Toby was to my brother during this difficult time. My pride had kept me from reaching out, and now months had passed without a proper conversation. One evening, I picked up the phone and left him a voice message, apologizing for my behaviour and asking if we could meet. To my relief, he called back the next day, and we agreed to get together soon. With the biscuits my wife had made, I arrived at my brother’s door. He opened it with a surprised smile, and for a moment, neither of us spoke. Then we hugged—something we hadn􀆳t done since before his wife passed away. We sat on the porch with Toby resting beside us, and I handed him the box of biscuits. “Thank you,” he said quietly. We talked for hours, laughing, remembering old times, and slowly rebuilding what had been lost. As I watched Toby gently rest his head on my brother’s leg, I knew we were finally on the path to healing. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $