专题二 第6讲 词形转换（word学生用书）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习（外研版）

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考词形转换核心考点，系统梳理动词、形容词、名词、副词间的转换规则，按后缀类型（如-ion/-ment/-ful等）构建知识体系，结合2024-2025年真题示例，通过考点梳理、方法指导、真题训练、分层练习等环节，帮助学生建立词形转换的逻辑框架，突破语法填空难点。 资料以规则分类与真题应用为特色，通过后缀规律对比表强化记忆，真题解析培养语言能力，分层练习（单句填空到语法填空）提升学习能力。如动词转名词时引导归纳-ion与-ment的适用场景，助力学生高效掌握转换技巧，为教师把控复习节奏、提升学生应考能力提供有力支持。

第6讲　词形转换 ● 高考链接 1.guidance　考查名词。此处作follow的宾语,用名词guidance“引导”,为不可数名词。故填guidance。 2.absence　考查名词。此处作thanks to的宾语,应用名词absence “缺乏,没有”,不可数名词。故填absence。 3.peaceful　考查形容词。is后接形容词作表语,peace的形容词形式是peaceful,意为“宁静的”。故填peaceful。 4.self-awareness　考查名词。作介词of的宾语,应用名词self-awareness,表示“自我意识”。故填self-awareness。 5.visibility　考查名词。形容词international后接名词形式,visibility “知名度,关注程度”为不可数名词,作宾语。故填visibility。 ● 实战演练 Ⅰ.1.attractions　考查名词。one of后跟可数名词的复数形式。故填attractions。 2.accessible　考查形容词。此空与thrilling并列作宾补,用形容词accessible,表示“可接近的;容易理解的”。故填accessible。 3.flexibility　考查名词。分析可知,此处为名词作surpasses的宾语,与motion构成搭配,指“运动灵活性”。故填flexibility。 4.combination　考查名词。由空前a可知,此处为名词单数形式,a combination of…表示“……的结合”。故填combination。 5.relief　考查名词。此处作介词of的宾语,应用名词relief“宽慰,轻松”,与名词gratitude并列。故填relief。 6.undoubtedly　考查副词。修饰动词makes,用副词undoubtedly,意为“毫无疑问地”。故填undoubtedly。 7.preference　考查名词。空处和上文名词situation并列作宾语,因此提示词的名词形式preference“偏好”符合题意。故填preference。 8.beneficial　考查形容词。这里考查be beneficial to,为固定搭配,意为“对……有益”,需用形容词beneficial作表语。故填beneficial。 9.cultural　考查形容词。此处修饰名词 significance,应用形容词作定语,culture 的形容词形式是 cultural,故填cultural。 10.financial　考查形容词。本空修饰名词analysis,用形容词financial“金融的”,作定语。故填financial。 Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇记叙文,讲述了一位外国学生在中国大学体验茶文化并深受中国文化熏陶的故事。 1.contributing　考查非谓语动词。此处为非谓语动词作结果状语,表示自然而然发生的结果,应用现在分词作状语。故填contributing。 2.competition　考查名词。介词of后应使用名词, 此处competition表示“竞争” 这一抽象概念。故填competition。 3.accessible　考查形容词。accessible to是固定搭配,意为“可利用的”。此处为形容词作后置定语,修饰activities and clubs。故填 accessible。 4.constantly　考查副词。修饰动词hosting,用副词作状语。故填 constantly。 5.gained　考查时态。根据时间状语that day和前后时态可知,谓语动词应该使用一般过去时。故填 gained。 6.how　考查特殊疑问词。此处为“特殊疑问词+to do”作宾语,结合句意,表示“如何”用how。故填how。 7.flavours　考查名词复数。由a wide variety of可知,应用复数形式作宾语。故填flavours。 8.It　考查代词。特指Chinese tea culture,用it指代。句首单词首字母大写。故填It。 9.as　考查介词。be used as…是固定搭配,意为“被当作……来用”。故填 as。 10.to unwind　考查非谓语。allow sb/sth to do sth是固定搭配,意为“允许某人/某物做某事”。故填 to unwind。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ / 第6讲　词形转换 / ● 　单句填空 1.[2025·全国一卷] You try to lead the opponent into your trap and force them to follow your “　　　　　　(guide)” till they lose…  2.[2025·全国二卷] The sun-dried clothes smell especially pleasant where I live, thanks to the 　　　　　(absent) of smog and plenty of blue sky afternoons with lots of fresh air.  3.[2025·北京卷] Most days after school, I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick. It’s 　　　　(peace), especially around sunset.  4.[2024·北京卷] Taking the time to rest allows us to develop a deeper sense of 　　　　(self-aware).  5.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Those cultural elements have increased Stratford’s international 　　　　　(visible), said Edmondson, adding that visitors walking through the Birthplace Garden were often amazed to find the connection between the two great writers.  规则1 动词转化名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -ion/-tion/-sion/ -ation correct→correction改正 celebrate→celebration庆祝;庆祝活动 attract→attraction吸引 conclude→conclusion结论;结束 discuss→discussion讨论;论述 decide→decision决定 admit→admission承认;准许加入 invite→invitation邀请 explain→explanation解释 graduate→graduation毕业 expect→expectation期望 -er/-or drive→driver司机,驾驶员 gather→gatherer收集者,采集者 teach→teacher老师 announce→announcer广播员 conduct→conductor指挥;售票员 -ment punish→punishment惩罚 achieve→achievement功绩;成就 argue→argument辩论;论据 treat→treatment对待;治疗 equip→equipment装备;设备 govern→government政府 -ance/-ence appear→appearance出现;外貌 guide→guidance指引;指导 perform→performance表演;表现 exist→existence存在;生活 prefer→preference偏爱 refer→reference参考,查阅 -ure/-ture fail→failure失败;倒闭 press→pressure压力 depart→departure离开;出发 mix→mixture混合;混合物 -ing hear→hearing听力,听觉 begin→beginning开始 -y recover→recovery恢复,痊愈 discover→discovery发现 其他 choose→choice选择 vary→variety多样化;种类 tend→tendency趋向,趋势 规则2 形容词转化名词的后缀 后缀 例词 -age short→shortage不足,短缺 -cy efficient→efficiency效率;功效 fluent→fluency流利,流畅 accurate→accuracy准确性 private→privacy隐私,私密 -dom free→freedom自由 wise→wisdom明智;智慧 -ence different→difference差异 silent→silence沉默 -ness weak→weakness虚弱;弱点 kind→kindness仁慈;友好 careless→carelessness粗心大意 -th strong→strength力气;优势 warm→warmth温暖;热情 -y/-ty/-ity honest→honesty诚实 difficult→difficulty困难 safe→safety安全 disable→disability缺陷;伤残 responsible→responsibility责任 规则3 名词、动词转化形容词的后缀 后缀 例词 -able accept→acceptable可接受的 comfort→comfortable舒适的 fashion→fashionable时髦的 suit→suitable合适的 reason→reasonable合理的 -al music→musical音乐的 origin→original最初的 centre→central中央的,中心的 person→personal个人的,私人的 nature→natural自然的;天生的 -ful doubt→doubtful怀疑的 forget→forgetful健忘的 harm→harmful有害的 hope→hopeful有希望的 peace→peaceful和平的 -ed scare→scared感到恐惧的 confuse→confused感到困惑的 interest→interested感兴趣的 -ing surprise→surprising令人吃惊的 convince→convincing令人信服的 satisfy→satisfying令人满意的 -ible access→accessible可接近的 horror→horrible可恶的,恐怖的 terror→terrible可怕的 -ive act→active积极的;活跃的 effect→effective有效的;生效的 attract→attractive有吸引力的 impress→impressive给人深刻印象的 -ous continue→continuous不断的,持续的 anxiety→anxious忧虑的 caution→cautious小心的,谨慎的 curiosity→curious好奇的 humour→humorous幽默的 -some tire→tiresome令人厌倦的 trouble→troublesome麻烦的 -y taste→tasty美味的,可口的 health→healthy健康的 wealth→wealthy富裕的,富有的 -ern east→eastern东方的,向东的 -ish child→childish孩子气的 fool→foolish愚蠢的 self→selfish自私的 [温馨提示] -ed形容词多表示主语所处的状态,意为“感到……的”;-ing形容词多表示主语所具有的特征,意为“令人……的”。 规则4 形容词变副词的规则 类别 例词 直接加-ly clear→clearly清楚地 great→greatly很,大大地 以“辅音字母+y”结尾的形容词,变y为i再加-ly(shy例外shyly) happy→happily高兴地 heavy→heavily沉重地 词尾为ble/le的形容词,去掉e,再加-y(whole例外wholly) terrible→terribly非常,极度地 gentle→gently轻柔地 (续表) 类别 例词 词尾为ue的形容词,去掉e,再加-ly　 true→truly真实地 词尾为ll的形容词,直接加-y full→fully充分地;完全地 dull→dully迟钝地 词尾为ic的形容词,加-ally(public例外publicly) basic→basically主要地,基本上 scientific→scientifically合乎科学地 ●Ⅰ 单句填空 1.With its stunning Karst landscapes and diverse ethnic cultures, the region has become one of the most popular tourist 　　　　　　(attract) in the country.  2.These innovations aim to engage people of all ages, making the 165-million-year-old heritage both 　　　　　(access) and thrilling.  3.The robot’s ability to ride a bicycle and use a balance board, far surpasses the motion 　　　　　(flexible) of its competitors.  4.She said that, to tackle these issues, the project employs a 　　　　　　(combine) of cutting-edge technologies.  5.As they got into the taxi, I saw the look of　　　　(relieve) and gratitude on their face.  6.Whether warming up spaces or adding luxury to clothes, its broad appeal makes it 　　　　　　　(undoubted) a popular design choice, bringing relaxed elegance to any setting.  7.As far as I’m concerned, we should choose one way depending on our own personal situation and 　　　　(prefer).  8.Recent research suggests taking a dip in very cold water for several hours a week is 　　　　　(benefit) to our health.  9.Liuchi Alley, located in Tongcheng, Anhui Province, is a place with great historical and 　　　　(culture) significance.  10.DeepSeek, founded in 2023, focused on data-heavy 　　　　　　(finance) analysis, similar to top-end AI research.  ●Ⅱ 语法填空 [2025·湖南湘潭高三适应性考试] I am a foreign student, currently studying in Central China Normal University, an excellent academic institution, where professors and fellows really care about one another, 1.　　　　　　(contribute) to a strong feeling of cooperation and a distinct lack of 2.　　　　　(compete). Without doubt, everyone is motivated including me, a so-called “alien”.  Moreover, CCNU’s quantity of activities and clubs 3.　　　　(access) to students truly sticks out to me. There is a society for just about any random interest or passion you may have, and they are 4.　　　　　　(constant) hosting interesting events. I recalled tea tasting sessions being part of our college’s off-campus activities.  That day, I 5.　　　　　(gain) a better understanding of Chinese tea culture. I knew 6.　　　　 to appreciate tea in a proper way, why Chinese people enjoy drinking tea, and what mood to be in when drinking tea. I discovered that tea comes in a wide variety of 7.　　　　　(flavour). Chinese tea culture, in my opinion, is mostly a continuation of the magnificent traditional Chinese culture. 8.　　　　 is more complex and ceremonial than merely drinking tea. Tea can also be used 9.　　　　 a way for individuals in today’s busy world to have a short break, allowing the spirit, body, and mind 10.　　　 　(unwind) a little and cope with life’s hardships. I do believe I will enjoy my stay in China.  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $