选择性必修第三册 Unit 3 War and peace（word学生用书）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习（外研版）

该高中英语讲义围绕高考语法填空、词汇运用、短语搭配及句型写作等核心考点，按“词汇拓展-短语辨析-句型结构-综合应用”逻辑架构知识点，通过考点梳理（如objective多义及搭配）、方法指导（构词法、熟词生义策略）、真题训练（语法填空篇章、写作应用练习）等环节，帮助学生系统突破难点。 资料以抗日战争历史情境为载体融合文化意识培养，设计“词汇活学活用+分层练习”教学活动，如动词变形练结合读后续写，单句填空到句型写作的梯度训练提升语言能力与学习能力，助力学生在有限时间内高效掌握考点，为教师精准把控复习节奏提供实用指导。

　　In the early 20th century, the Japanese army made landings in several places along the Chinese coastline, 1.　　　　　　　(start) their brutal aggression against China with an objective of expansion and domination. The troops, 2.　　　　　(order) by the supreme commander, bombed cities and shot civilians 3.　　　　　　　(violent) in tanks. Life was completely disrupted and people were condemned to the violence and dire horror 4.　　　　　　 they had never experienced before.  In the face of the daunting gunfire of the invaders, Chinese people did not shirk 5.　　　　 rose up to resist. The whole nation was united as one. Various resistance groups emerged. Peasants were trained to disarm the Japanese combatants in conflicts. Prominent intellectuals and outstanding academics were involved in drafting a 6.　　　　　　　　(declare) to seek international assistance. Patriotism was greatly fortified. Despite rough weapons and lack of ammunition, the Chinese army achieved great victory in the front line. Through fourteen-year 7.　　　　　(collect) struggle and countless sacrifices, the invaders finally announced unconditional surrender 8.　　　　 August 15, 1945.  Since China was liberated, on each anniversary, representatives from all walks of life gather 9.　　　　　　　　　　　(commemorate) the victory of anti-Japanese war. Solemn memorial activities 10.　　　　　　　(organize) to reaffirm the priceless dedication of the heroes and China’s blueprint to bring back the crowning glory lost in the war.  ❶ objective　n.目的,目标 adj.客观的 (1)object n.　物体;东西;目的;目标;对象 　　　 　v. 不同意;不赞成;反对 object to sb/sth 反对……,不赞成…… object to (sb) doing sth 反对(某人)做某事 (2)objection n. 反对;异议 【活学活用】 (1)一词多义 ①The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. 　　　　　  ②[沪教必修三U1] However, as journalists, we need to write with care and tell news stories in an objective way. 　　　　　  (2)完成句子 In my opinion, I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(反对熬夜学习), because it is not beneficial to our health and study in the long run. (应用文写作之个人观点)   ❷ barely　adv.勉强才能;仅仅;刚刚 (1)had barely/hardly/scarcely done…when… 　　　　　　　　一……就…… (2)bare adj. 裸露的;光秃秃的;荒芜的;无遮盖的 [温馨提示] barely作为否定副词,位于句首时要引起主谓语的部分倒装,即“barely+助动词/be动词/情态动词+主语+实义动词”。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 [2023·浙江1月考] She was covered in spider-webs (蜘蛛网) and was 　　　　　(bare) able to move her wings.  (2)完成句子 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我们一走进博物馆) when we were received by the staff. (部分倒装) (应用文写   作之活动介绍) ❸ representative　n.代表;代理人 adj.有代表性的 (1)represent vt.　 象征;代表;展示;描绘 represent sth to sb 向某人陈述/传达某事 represent sb/sth as/to be 宣称某人为……;把某事叙述为…… (2)stand for 代表(某观点或态度); 是……的首字母缩写 on behalf of 代表 【活学活用】 (1)熟词生义 The carvings represent a hunting scene. 　　　　　  (2)完成句子 ①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(作为一名学生代表), I am very honoured to deliver a speech here. (应用文写作之演讲稿)   ②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(代表学生会), I’m writing to invite you to give us a speech on Chinese history. (应用文写作之邀请信)   ③I’m drawn to this story because the Monkey King 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(代表了坚持不懈的精神) and self-discovery. (应用文写作话题之文学) 　  ❹ sum　n.金额,款项 v.总结,概括 (1)a large sum of　 大量……;一大笔…… (2)to sum up(=in sum) 概括起来说,总而言之 【活学活用】 完成句子 ①The city charity would receive 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(一大笔钱) every year donated by citizens.  ②[北师选必一U3] 　　　　　　　　　　(总之), despite producing cheap food, factory farming is bad for the planet and for the animals themselves.  ❺ relevant　adj.紧密相关的,切题的;有价值的,有意义的 (1)be relevant to　　 　与……有关 (2)relevance n. 关联,相关性;意义 have (no) relevance to 和……无/有关 (3)irrelevant adj. 不相关的;无关紧要的 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①What he said has no direct 　　　　　　　(relevant) to the matter in hand.  ②She continued her research, treating all discouraging comments as 　　　　　　　(relevant) to her meaningful scientific exploration.  (2)完成句子 ①Glad to know that you want to be a member of our ping-pong club, I’m writing 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(和你分享一些相关的细节). (应用文写作之   告知信) ②[上外必修一U3] While some of your lessons may not 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(看似与……直接关联) your needs at the moment, you are learning valuable study skills. (应用文   写作话题之学校生活) ● hold down　控制住(以防某物移走或某人逃脱);使固定;限制;使保持低水平 hold up　 　举起;抬起;延迟;阻碍;支撑 hold back (使)犹豫;阻碍进步/发展;隐瞒;抑制 hold out 伸出;递出;(供给品等)维持,坚持 hold on 等着;坚持住;等一下(别挂断) hold on (tight) to 抓紧;不放开;保住;保存某物 【活学活用】 (1)用hold相关短语的适当形式填空 ①[译林选必四U4] I could feel my hands sweating slightly and I had to 　　　　　　　　　　　my suitcase.  ②[2022·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] Henry ran one hundred metres, jumped over a 1.2-metre fence, and 　　　　　　　　his arms to catch the falling child.  ③He spoke slowly to 　　　　　　　　his growing anger.  ④Our flight 　　　　　　　　　by fog. As a result, I was late for an important meeting.  ⑤He took a dictionary to 　　　　　　　the test papers for fear that they might be blown away by the wind.  (2)完成句子 As she read the letter from her deceased grandmother, she struggled to 　　　　　　　　　　　　(抑制她的泪水), remembering all the cherished moments they had shared. (读后续写之情感+心理描写) 　  ● (教材P43) It is no wonder that many, if not most, of China’s leading scholars and scientists emerged at Lianda, including the two Nobel Prize-winning physicists, Yang Zhenning and Li Zhengdao. 难怪即使不是大多数,但也有许多中国领先的学者和科学家都是联大出身,包括两位获得诺贝尔奖的物理学家杨振宁和李政道。 It is no wonder that… 句型公式　 【句式点拨】 It’s no wonder (that)+从句.=No wonder (that)+从句.,表示“难怪……,怪不得……”。it为形式主语,后面的从句是真正的主语。 【相关拓展】 (it’s) little/small wonder (that)… ……不足为奇;……并不奇怪 It’s a wonder (that)… 令人惊奇的是……;奇怪的是…… 【活学活用】 完成句子 ①With his exceptional talent and unwavering determination, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(难怪他成了冠军) of track and field.  ②　　　　　　　　　　　　(奇怪的是) he was just a little hurt falling off the tall tree.  ●Ⅰ 单句填空 1.The friction between both sides has led to some 　　　　　　(violence) incidents in this area.  2.I often recall the 　　　　　　(memory) moment when my grandma read stories to me.  3.Monet and Renoir, along with other like-minded artists, sought 　　　　　　(liberate) from the rules of the old style.  4.She felt awkward at the thought of being at a party with a bunch of kids she 　　　　　　(bare) knew.  5.The 　　　　　　　　　(represent), his voice choked with emotion, sincerely thanked the troops for their timely rescue.  6.We were impressed with the 　　　　　　(profession) skills of these outstanding staff.  7.After months of 　　　　　(academy) practice, I would sum up the key to improvement as forming good study habits and staying curious.  8.On that 　　　　　(mist) morning, she adjusted her uniform carefully and applied a final touch of bright lipstick before the interview.  9.Her unwavering 　　　　　　(dedicate) to the research, combined with a thorough analysis, made the ambitious objective achievable.  10.The government’s policy ensured economic 　　　　　(stable); many people, nonetheless, expressed their concerns about future challenges.  11.When the violent argument broke out, its 　　　　　　(horror) tension filled the room, making everyone hold their breath.  12.The entire team celebrated their 　　　　(collect) anniversary of working together for ten years with a special dinner and heartfelt speeches.  ●Ⅱ 短语填空 1.Even when the seas were rough, the captain told everyone to 　　　　　　　　　　　(紧紧抓住) the rails to avoid being swept off the deck.  2.Each play has a theme or central idea which the playwright hopes to 　　　　　　　(被传达) through dialogue and action.  3.It is generally accepted that success is not necessarily 　　　　　　　　(与……相关) inborn intelligence.  4.　　　　　　　　　　(总之), there are three main ways of tackling the problem.  5.A couple of people 　　　　　　　　(反对) the proposal, but the vast majority approved of it.  6.The UN has announced that additional peacekeepers are 　　　　　　　　(待命), ready to deploy within 24 hours if necessary.  ●Ⅲ 句型与写作 1.With its rich history and breathtaking scenery, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　this ancient city attracts millions of tourists from all over the world every year.  拥有悠久的历史和令人惊叹的风景,这座古城每年都吸引着全球数百万的游客,这毫不令人意外。(应用文写作话题之景点介绍) 2.　　　　　　　　　　　　, I talked to my parents, but they didn’t say yes at first. (形容词短语作状语)  我急切地想参与,于是和父母谈了谈,但他们一开始没有同意。(应用文写作话题之家庭生活) 3.The room is in a mess, 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and dirty dishes in the sink. (with复合结构)  房间一片狼藉,地板上放着比萨饼盒子,洗碗池里有脏盘子。(读后续写之场景描写) 4.The students 　　　　　　　　　　　　into their seats when the teacher’s important announcement started to emerge from the loudspeaker. (barely, settle)  学生们刚坐好,扩音器里就开始传出老师的重要通告。(应用文写作话题之学校生活) ●Ⅰ 动词变形练 1.As he pushed her, she 　　　　　　　　(swing) higher and higher sitting on a swing.  2.She 　　　　　　　(take) a deep breath before stepping onto the stage to give her speech.  3.The photograph 　　　　　　　　(take) during our family vacation last summer at the beach.  4.She 　　　　　　(tap) her friend lightly on the shoulder to get her attention, as the teacher was still speaking.  5.As the discussion dragged on, he kept 　　　　　　(tap) his fingers on the table.  6.Children should 　　　　　　(teach) the importance of kindness in their daily interactions.  ●Ⅱ 构词法规则 构词法 动词后缀-ize/-ise表示“以……方式对待,使形成” 指出下列黑体词的含义 1.[2025·浙江1月考] Dutch plantsman and designer Piet Oudolf’s gardens popularized this style, adding artistic flavours to the planting mixes while playing with colour and form, including four-season interest and serving the needs of wildlife. 　　　　　  2.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour.　　　　　　　　　　　　　  3.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] How are the stories categorized in the kiosk? 　　　　　  4.[2023·全国甲卷] She adds:“I’ve moved house many times and I always like to personalise my room and put up pictures.”　　　　　  5.[2023·北京卷] Mangroves, known as “red forest” in China, grow between land and sea, characterised by their complex roots.　　　　　  ●Ⅲ 熟词生义练 指出下列黑体词在句中的不同含义 1.shoot ①[2025·浙江1月考] Today, I’d like to talk about a common phenomenon on our campus:students using their mobile phones to shoot videos. 　　　　　  ②The police had orders to shoot anyone who attacked them. 　　　　　  ③She shot an angry glance at me. 　　　　  ④He shot the ball into the net, and the crowd cheered. 　　　　　  2.skirt [2025·全国二卷] Skirting the town square, you’ll find lovely shops, eateries, and the Black and White House Museum.   3.slim ①Some people will gain weight, no matter how hard they try to slim. 　　　　　  ②The chances of success seemed slim, but with determination and persistence, she managed to achieve her goals. 　　　　　  4.slip ①She found the side door open and slipped into the house unseen. 　　　　　  ②Productivity in the factory has slipped noticeably in the last year. 　　　　　  ③If you want to order a book, fill out the green slip. 　　　　　  ④[2020·全国新高考Ⅰ卷] You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip. 　　　　　  5.smooth ①It was a smooth operation and the patient soon recovered. 　　　　　  ②By providing clear instructions, the teacher helped smooth the way for her students to grasp complex concepts. 　　　　　  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3　War and peace ● 语篇词汇串记 1.starting　2.ordered　3.violently　4.that/which　5.but 6.declaration　7.collective　8.on　9.to commemorate 10.are organized ● 考点互动探究 单词点睛 ❶ (1)①n.目标,目的　②adj.客观的 (2)object to staying up all night studying ❷ (1)barely　(2)Barely/Hardly/Scarcely had we entered the museum　 ❸ (1)v.描绘　(2)①As a student representative ②On behalf of/Representing the Students’ Union ③represents the spirit of perseverance ❹ ①a large sum of money　②To sum up/In sum ❺ (1)①relevance　②irrelevant (2)①to share some relevant details with you ②seem directly relevant to 短语储存 ● (1)①hold on (tight) to　②held out　③hold back ④was held up　⑤hold down　(2)hold back her tears 句型透视 ● ①it is no wonder (that)/no wonder (that) he became a champion ②It’s a wonder (that) ● 当堂过关检测 Ⅰ.1.violent　2.memorable　3.liberation　4.barely 5.representative　6.professional　7.academic　8.misty 9.dedication　10.stability　11.horrible　12.collective Ⅱ.1.hold on (tight) to　2.get across　3.relevant to 4.To sum up/In sum　5.objected to　6.on standby Ⅲ.1.it is no wonder (that)/no wonder (that) 2.Eager to participate 3.with pizza boxes on the floor 4.had barely settled ● 语言素养提升 Ⅰ.1.swung　2.took　3.was taken　4.tapped 5.tapping　6.be taught Ⅱ.1.推广　2.使……减少到最低程度　使……最大化,使……增加到最大程度　3.将……分类　4.使个性化 5.以……为特征 Ⅲ. 1.①拍摄　②射击　③突然把……投向　④射门,投篮 2.沿……边缘走,绕着……走 3.①变苗条,减肥　②微小的,渺茫的 4.①溜,悄悄疾行　②下降,退步　③纸条　④小错误,疏漏 5.①顺利的　②铺平道路 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $