专题一 第2讲 主谓一致（PPT课件）-【高考快车道】2027年高考英语大一轮总复习（外研版）

该高中英语高考复习课件聚焦“主谓一致”专题，依据高考评价体系梳理了语法一致、意义一致、就近一致三大核心考点，通过2021-2025年浙江、新课标等多省市真题分析，明确“with结构”“分数/百分数+of+名词”“either...or...”等高频考点权重，归纳单句填空、语法填空等常考题型。 课件亮点在于“真题精讲+技法训练+写作运用”的备考模式，如以2024新课标Ⅱ卷“some of the things”真题为例，解析意义一致原则中主语复数的判断方法，培养学生准确运用语法规则的语言能力和逻辑分析的思维品质。特设“易错对比表”（如“the number of”与“a number of”），助力学生掌握答题技巧，教师可依托系统考点框架实现高效复习指导。

/ 第2讲 主谓一致 / 1 高考链接 考点解读 实战演练 2 单句填空 1.[2025·浙江1月考] The concept ___ (be) certainly not new—men have been renting good suits for decades—but for female shoppers, it is just taking off. is [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子主语the concept是单数形式, 且语境提示此处是对事实的描述,因此需要使用一般现在时,谓语动词 用第三人称单数形式。 高 考 链 接 3 2.[2024·新课标Ⅱ卷] Some of the things that Tang was writing about ______ (be) also Shakespeare's concerns. I happen to know that Tang's play The Peony Pavilion (《牡丹亭》) is similar in some ways to Romeo and Juliet. were [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词,根据句意以 及定语从句时态可知,本句时态为一般过去时;主语some of the things是复数,故填were。 高 考 链 接 4 3.[2023·北京卷] Up to now, China _______________ (establish) a number of protected areas with mangroves. has established [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由up to now(到目前为止)可知, 句子应用现在完成时,主语是China,助动词应用has,故填has established。 高 考 链 接 5 4.[2023·全国乙卷] The remarkable development of this city, which is consciously designed to protect the past while stepping into the modern world, _______ (mean) there is always something new to discover here, and I could be photographing Beijing for the next 50 years. means [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。空处为本句谓语动词,根据上下文 可知,本句时态为一般现在时;主语the remarkable development of this city是单数,所以谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填means。 高 考 链 接 6 5.[2021·新高考全国Ⅱ卷] One of the biggest companies I wrote to _____ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. was [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。本句的主语是one of the biggest companies,故谓语动词用单数形式。再根据wrote可知,此空用一般过 去时,故用was。 高 考 链 接 7 考点一 语法一致原则 语法一致就是谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的单复数形式决定 句子以单数名词或代词、 动词不定式短语、动名词 短语或从句作主语时,谓语 动词一般用单数形式;主语 为复数时,谓语动词用复数 形式 To study English well is not easy. 学好英语并不容易。 What he said is very important to us all. 他所说的话对我们所有人而言是非常重要 的。 Reading in the sun is bad for your eyes. 在阳光下看书对你的眼睛有害 考 点 解 读 8 主语后有with,together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, besides, including等连接 的短语时,谓语动词的单复 数由主语的单复数决定 Mr Green, together with his wife and children, has come to China. 格林先生及其妻子和孩子已经来到中国。 Two students with the teacher were at the meeting. 两个学生和那位老师参加了会议 续表 考 点 解 读 9 在定语从句中,关系代词 that, who, which等作主语 时,其谓语动词的数应与句 中先行词的数一致 He is one of my friends who are working hard. 他是我努力工作的朋友中的一个 在倒装句中,谓语动词的数 应与其后的主语一致 Here comes the bus. 公共汽车来了。 On the wall are many pictures. 墙上有很多图画 续表 考 点 解 读 10 many a 和more than one 加单数名词作主语时,谓语 动词用单数 Many a boy has made the same mistakes. 许多男孩犯了同样的错误 续表 考 点 解 读 11 【技法训练一】 1.When and where to go for the on-salary holiday ______________________ (not decide) yet. has not been decided [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据yet 可知用现在完成 时,主语与提示词为逻辑上的被动关系;when and where to go for the on-salary holiday是一个整体,谓语用单数形式,故填has not been decided。 考 点 解 读 12 2.The teacher now together with the students ___ (be) discussing Reading Skills that _____ (be) newly published in America. is was [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。主语后有together with时,谓语动词的 单复数由主语的单复数决定, 句子主语为the teacher,且由时间状语 now可知,第一个空填is; 第二个空位于定语从句中,先行词为Reading Skills,是一本书,为单数,且根据语境可知用一般过去时,故第二个空填 was。 考 点 解 读 13 3.Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, ____________ (regard) as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. is regarded [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据nowadays和语境可知, 此处应该用一般现在时的被动语态,由介词短语along with可知,谓语 动词的单复数应该与cycling保持一致,故填is regarded。 考 点 解 读 14 4.[2022·天津6月考改编] Critical reasoning, together with problem- solving, _________(prepare) teenagers to make better decisions. prepares [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。短语together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时谓语动词的数由该结构 前的名词或代词决定，句子主语为critical reasoning，谓语动词应用 单数形式，此处为客观陈述，应用一般现在时。故填prepares。 考 点 解 读 15 考点二 意义一致原则 意义一致就是谓语动词的数必须和主语的意义一致(因主语有时形式为单 数,但意义为复数;有时形式为复数,但意义为单数) 表示时间、重量、长度、价值等的 复数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用 单数形式, 这是由于作主语的复数 名词在概念上是一个整体 Ten dollars is enough for him. 十美元对他来说足够了。 Twenty years stands for a long period in one's life. 在人的一生里二十年意味着一个很 长的时期 考 点 解 读 16 “the+形容词或分词等”作主语,表示 某一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式 The old are more likely to catch a cold than the young. 老年人比年轻人更容易感冒 续表 考 点 解 读 17 如果集体名词指的是整个集体,其谓 语动词用单数形式;如果它指集体中 的成员,其谓语动词就用复数形式。 这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience 等。 ［温馨提示］people, police, cattle 等名词一般都用作复数 My family is a large one. 我家是一个大家庭。 The family are sitting at the breakfast table. 这家人正坐在早餐桌旁。 The police arelooking for the lost child. 警方正在寻找那个走失的孩子 续表 考 点 解 读 18 由“some/all/most/a lot/lots/plenty/the rest/the majority+of+名词”构成的短语以 及由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成的短语 作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of 后面名词的数而定。 ［温馨提示］ a number of表示“许多”,作 定语修饰复数名词,谓语动词用复数形 式;the number of表示“……的数量”,主语 是number,谓语动词用单数形式 Some of them were barefoot, and most were in rags. 他们当中有些人光着脚,大部 分人衣衫褴褛。 50% of the students in our class are girls. 我们班一半的学生是女生 续表 考 点 解 读 19 【技法训练二】 1.A survey carried out last year showed that 80% of the middle- aged in this city ______ (be) in favour of the proposal on the health care reform. were [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。“百分数+of+名词”的结构在句中作主 语时,谓语动词的数应该与 of 后面的名词的数保持一致, the middle-aged 指一类人,表示复数概念,谓语动词应用复数形式,且本 句的时间状语是 last year,故填were。 考 点 解 读 20 2.The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and ______________ (remain) around that ever since. has remained [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。ever since作时间状语,句子用现在完 成时,the number of表示“……的数目”,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三 人称单数形式。故填has remained。 考 点 解 读 21 3.Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ____ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. are [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。根据“…three are declining…”和six可 知,此处谓语用复数,时态为一般现在时,故填are。 考 点 解 读 22 考点三 就近一致原则 在英语句子中,有时谓语动词的数与最邻近的主语保持一致 (1)当两个主语由either…or, neither…nor,whether…or…, not only…but also连接时, 谓语动词的数和邻近的主 语一致。 Either you or Jane is to be sent to New Zealand. 要么你,要么简将被派往新西兰。 考 点 解 读 23 (2)there be句型中be动词 的单复数取决于其后的主 语。如果其后是由and连接 的两个主语,则应与最近的 那个主语保持一致 Neither the unkind words nor the unfriendly attitude has caused me any distress. 不友善的言语和不友好的态度都没有给我带 来任何痛苦。 Not only he but also all his family are keen on concerts. 不仅是他,他全家人都很热衷于音乐会 续表 考 点 解 读 24 【技法训练三】 1.There ____ (be) a great number of attractions in Tianjin, among which I like the Ancient Cultural Street best. are [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。 此句为there be 句型,there be句型 中be动词的单复数取决于主语,此句主语为复数名词,且根据后文可知 时态为一般现在时,故填are。 考 点 解 读 25 2.Not only his parents but also his elder brother __________ (go) to the Summer Palace. They haven't been back yet. has gone [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。not only…but (also)…连接的并列成分 作主语时,谓语动词与but (also)后的成分在人称和数上保持一致;再结 合语境“They haven't been back yet.”可知用现在完成时。故填has gone。 考 点 解 读 26 3.Either you or one of your students ___ (be) to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. is [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。either…or…“要么……要么……,或 者……或者……”连接并列主语时谓语动词遵循就近一致的原则,故谓 语动词的数应和one of your students保持一致,根据语境可知时态 为一般现在时,故填 is。 考 点 解 读 27 Ⅰ 单句填空 1.[2021·天津3月考改编] Currently, about 35,000 works ___________________ (display) in over 300 rooms in the Louvre, and it would take a lifetime to see everything. are being displayed [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据currently 和语境可知, 此处表示目前正在发生的事,应用现在进行时;作品被陈列,应用被动语 态;主语about 35,000 works为复数,谓语动词用复数形式。故填are being displayed。 实 战 演 练 28 2.Chinese calligraphy, celebrated as a bridge between mind and paper, is a profound art form that ____________(shape) Chinese culture for thousands of years. has shaped [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。for thousands of years是现在完成时 的标志，且主语是第三人称单数，助动词用 has。故填has shaped。 实 战 演 练 29 3.Over the last ten years, the tradition of Yum Cha ___________________(accept) by many young people as a way to reconnect with their roots. has been accepted [解析] 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，这里考查谓语 动词，over the last ten years是现在完成时的标志，且the tradition of Yum Cha是单数，与accept 之间是被动关系，所以用 现在完成时的被动语态，助动词用has。故填has been accepted。 实 战 演 练 30 4.One third of the country ___ (be) covered with trees and the majority of the citizens are black people. is [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。由“分数或百分数+of+名词”构成 的短语作主语时,其谓语动词的数要根据短语中of后面名词的数而 定,the country是单数，故谓语动词应用单数形式,再根据are可知时 态为一般现在时,故填is。 实 战 演 练 31 5.If you look at all sides of the situation, you'll probably find a solution that ______ (suit) everyone. suits [解析] 考查动词时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,定语从句在陈述事 实,用一般现在时,主语that指代先行词a solution,是第三人称单数,故 定语从句的谓语动词用单数形式。故填suits。 实 战 演 练 32 6.[2025·天津6月考改编] Deng Jiaxian was one of the 23 scientists who ______________(award) for their extraordinary contributions to China's “two bombs, one satellite” project. were awarded [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。who引导定语从句，先行 词是the 23 scientists，关系词who代替先行词在从句中作主语，且 与award为被动关系，事情发生在过去，时态用一般过去时，故用一 般过去时的被动语态，主语是复数，be动词用were。故填were awarded。 实 战 演 练 33 7.She thinks that impressing these into her journal and then recording memories from the museums _______ (build) a strong sense of connection. builds [解析] 考查主谓一致。that引导宾语从句，此处为宾语从句谓语动 词，从句中主语为impressing these into her journal and then recording memories from the museums，两个动作视为一个整体， 谓语动词用第三人称单数builds。故填builds。 实 战 演 练 34 8.A newly opened mini theatre “Hello, Xizang” in Beijing _____________ (bring) the rich traditions of Xizang to the heart of China's capital city since late February, 2025. has brought [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。空格处是谓语动词，根据时间状语 since late February，2025可知，句子应该用现在完成时，主语是单 数形式，助动词用has。故填has brought。 实 战 演 练 35 9.The play, which keeps its audience on the edge of their seats, _________ (feature) a dynamic mix of traditional Xizang opera, folk music, and ceremonial tea-serving songs. features [解析] 考查时态和主谓一致。空格处是谓语动词，由keeps可知用一 般现在时，主语是单数形式，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填 features。 实 战 演 练 36 10.It's reported that many a house ______________(damage) by the typhoon, which struck the city last week. was damaged [解析] 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。根据时间状语last week可 知,用一般过去时,且主语 many a house与damage之间为被动关系, 所以用被动语态,“many a+单数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数形式。 故填was damaged。 实 战 演 练 37 Ⅱ 语法填空 [2025·浙江绍兴高三二模] When it comes to tea, Lu Yu is an important figure to give thanks to. For centuries, Lu Yu 1. __________________ (credit) as the most influential person in tea history. Lu Yu recognized tea as his destiny and was inspired to write what would later be titled The Classic of Tea. After going through numerous drafts and nearly two decades, he finally completed and published the first book of tea. 2. ___________ has been credited Composed 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 38 (compose) of seven thousand characters, the work was the summary of his life 3. _____ travel with tea. It was a huge success and bestseller, achieving 4. _________ (universe) fame in China and beyond. The book served not only as a guide to tea preparation but also as a mirror 5. __________ (reveal) the social and cultural landscape of the Tang Dynasty. It captured the essence of a time 6. ______ poetry, art, and philosophy boomed. and universal revealing when 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 Lu Yu's legacy (遗产) lives on as tea remains part of East Asian culture. The soothing nature of tea aids people 7. ___ staying alert during long working hours, while its medicinal 8. __________ (property) are also highly valued. The Classic of Tea stands as a testament to Lu Yu's profound insight into tea and its significance in human experience, 9. ___ work that continues to enrich the lives of those who seek 10. ________ (wise) in a cup of tea.#1.4 in properties a wisdom 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了陆羽在茶历史上的 重要地位和他的代表作《茶经》。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 1. __________________ has been credited [解析] 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处为谓语，动词credit和 主语Lu Yu之间是被动关系，应用被动语态(be done)，根据时间状 语for centuries可知，应用现在完成时，故用现在完成时的被动语 态，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。故填has been credited。 2. ___________ Composed [解析] 考查形容词。(be)composed of意为“由……组成”，句首单词 首字母大写。故填Composed。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 42 3. _____ and [解析] 考查连词。his life和travel为并列关系，应用并列连词and连 接，故填and。 4. _________ universal [解析] 考查形容词。根据空格后的名词fame可知，空格处应用 universe的形容词形式universal作定语，修饰名词。故填universal。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 43 5. __________ revealing [解析] 考查非谓语动词。空格处为非谓语，动词reveal和其逻辑主语 a mirror之间是主动关系，应用现在分词，作后置定语。故填 revealing。 6. ______ when [解析] 考查定语从句。空格处引导限制性定语从句，先行词为a time，在从句中作时间状语，需用关系副词when引导从句。故填 when。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 44 7. ___ in [解析] 考查介词。aid sb in doing sth “有助于某人做某事”是固定 搭配。故填in。 8. __________ properties [解析] 考查名词复数。property “特性”是可数名词，根据谓语动词 are可知，主语应为复数形式，故填properties。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 45 9. ___ a [解析] 考查冠词。前文已提及《茶经》(The Classic of Tea)，此处 “…work that continues to enrich…” 是对《茶经》的补充说明，此 处表示“一个，一部”，且 work发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。 10. ________ wisdom [解析] 考查名词。空格处应填入wise的名词形式wisdom作宾语，不 可数名词。故填wisdom。 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 实 战 演 练 46 Ⅲ 语法与写作—主谓一致在写作中的运用 1.[2024·北京卷书面表达] Then, projects like the Belt and Road Initiative ___________________to discuss because it showcases China's determination to build a shared future with the world. 然后,像 “一带一路” 倡议这样的项目是一个很好的讨论话题,因为它 展示了中国与世界构建共同未来的决心。 make a good topic 实 战 演 练 47 2.[2024·九省联考] Participants are encouraged to submit essays that ____________________________________________________but also propose workable solutions. (主办方)鼓励参与者提交论文，这类论文不仅要凸显节约粮食的重要 意义，还需提出切实可行的解决方案。 not only highlight the significance of food conservation 实 战 演 练 48 3.[2022·新高考全国Ⅰ/Ⅱ卷应用文写作] As the most popular programme in the school radio station, our programme ________________________________________ ever since it was set up two years ago. 作为学校广播电台最受欢迎的节目,我们的节目自两年前开播以来,已 经吸引了数百名固定听众。 has attracted hundreds of regular listeners 实 战 演 练 49 4.[2023·浙江1月考读后续写] She again looked directly into my eyes, then let out a squeaking call and was gone. For a moment, ___________________. “她”(蜂鸟)再次直视着我的眼睛，随后发出一声短促的尖叫，便消失 了。那一刻，所有人都沉默了。 all were speechless 实 战 演 练 50 $